RETAINING WALL CONSTRUCTION DESIGN AS AN ALTERNATIVE

ON SLIDE AT TELUK AMAN RUAS ROAD SINGAKARSA-PALAS

KANDANGAN DISTRICT, HULU SUNGAI SELATAN REGENCY

By:
Niken Meillisa Putri

Thesis Guide:
Ir. Markawie, MT

ABSTRAK

In Teluk Aman road, the roads which connected Singakarsa and Palas,
Kandangan, HSS has a retaining wall formed by bronjong with a width 100 m
placed on riverside, but in 2016, resulting the clay soil condition cant hold the
loads of bronjong, causing a landslides. The result of this landslide is very
dirturbing for the road users because road users safety are threatened by the
landslide. Therefore, it is expected that this path must be handled properly, so the
road can be functioning again safely and comfortably. How to handle this
problem is by making a design of retaining walls construction which is safe in
form of sheet pile.
The Methods that used for this sheet pile use 2 types of sheet piles which are
cantilever sheet pile and anchored sheet pile. This planning analyzed with manual
calculations and GeoStudio 2012 application in order to analyzing slope stability
with safety factor (SF) = 1,5. After that designing the sheet pile construction,
tierod, the pile, planning the budget, and makes the Detail Engineering Design
(DED).
From the planning for the cantilever sheet pile, the profile of concrete
sheet pile obtained is CCSP-W-350-B-1000 with total length of the sheet pile is
8,5 m. For the stability of the slope with the reinforcement of piles obtained SF =
3,256 > 1,25, which can be said as saif. Then, For the planning of the anchored
sheet pile, the profile of concrete sheet pile obtained is CCSP W-350-A-1000 with
total length 5,7m. On tie road using dimension of 10m long with diameter of 2 cm.
On the pile using a steel pipe with a diameter 40cm which penetrated into 10 m
depth. For the stability of the slope with reinforcement of piles obtained SF=
3,190> 1,25 which can be said as safe.

Keywords: Landslides, designing sheet pile, slope stability.

 1. Introduction

At Teluk Aman Ruas Road Singakarsa-Palas Kandangan District, Hulu

Sungai Selatan Regency have a slide that resulted by the swift river which
resulted the scraping of the soil grain drifting toward the river, the overweight
bagion also adding the reason of the slide and made the water be overflowing and
leaking to the surface. The length of the slide are 115 m and the height of slide
varied between 2.5 to 4.2 meter.

This thesis is focused on “Retaining Wall Construction Design as

Alternative on Slide At Teluk Aman Ruas Road Singakarsa-Palas Kandangan
District, Hulu Sungai Selatan Regency”. This use the alternative of retaining wall
which technical requirement to fulfill the carrying stability, slide stability, bolster
stability and the strength of the retaining wall.

The purpose of this design is to obtain the safe retaining wall construction
thet fulfill the requirement:

1. The safe retaining wall design which fulfill the technical requirement
2. To get resulted of detailed engineering design that can be implemented on
the project
3. To get build of quantity

2. Literature Review

Retaining wall is the construction which can hold the carrying capacity of the
soil and the surrounding. The construction of retaining wall consists of several
layer of retaining wall that set up and formed a vertical wall that have function to
hold the soil heap or slope.
 Lateral pressure that resulted by weight of soil constructed by active and
passive earth pressure. Before calculation of soil pressure, the effective stress of
the soil must be calculated previously.

𝜑
active earth pressure coefficient, (Ka) = 𝑡𝑎𝑛2 (45𝑜 − )
2

𝜑
Passive earth pressure coefficient, (Kp) = 𝑡𝑎𝑛2 (45𝑜 + )
2

For clay (∅ = 0) the value of Ka = Kp = 1

The stability of the slope can be analysis manually and can be use of software
program. There were variation of software that have been developed. In this
design the software that used is geo slope office. Geo slope is a software that help
the engineer to solve the problem that related with soil. Geo slope consist of
several sub program which all can be integrated with one another if need.

3. Design Methodology

Retaining Wall Construction Design as Alternative on Slide At Teluk Aman Ruas

Road Singakarsa-Palas Kandangan District, Hulu Sungai Selatan Regency. The
step that take from this activity are consist :

1. Compiling supporting data

In this thesis are required several data which will use as supporting mean
in the process of thesis, for supporting the calculation. The supporting data
which need are boring data, sondir data, laboratory data and geometric of
the slope. The seconder data are also needed likewise the filed report

The methodology which will conduct in this design can be seen wit
following flowchart
 Start

problem

• Landslide happen on Teluk Aman, Ruas singakarsa Palas dengan

with height 2,5 m – 5,2 m
• Road acces became limited for local society
• Need alternative=ve to solve the problem

Gathering supporting data

• Gather the soil data

• Gather the geometric
• Documentation

Preliminary Design
Re Desain

Retaining wall construction Anchor retaining wall construction

Not safe

Stability
analys

safe

Design of engineering and build of uantity

Conclusion and advice

(Detail Engineering Design)

Finish
4. RESULT AND STUDY

Q = 1,1 t/m2 Q = 1,1

t/m2

Retaining wall anchor retaining wall

Gambar 4.1 Planning desing of retaining wall

the lateral pressure from the retaining wall and anchor retaining wall in
calculation considered as same because the condition that applied in the fields is
same
1. loading
q = 𝛾𝑡 x H
= 1,75 x 0,6
=1,05 t/m2
≈1,1 t/m2
qek = q + 𝑥 1 + 𝛾′1 𝑥 3,5
= 1,1 + 1,75 x 1 + 0,75 x 3
=5,475 t/m2
Active and passive earth pressure
Ka1 = 0,33
Ka2 =3
Kp1 = 0,588
Kp2 = 1,7
3. active soil volume weight
𝛾𝑤 = 1,0 𝑡⁄𝑚3

𝛾′1 = 𝛾1 − 𝛾𝑤 = 0,75 𝑡⁄𝑚3

𝛾′2 = 𝛾2 − 𝛾𝑤 = 0,85 𝑡⁄𝑚3

4. Active and passive earth pressure on wall:

Pa1 = 0,363 t/m
Pa2 = 0,47025t/m
Pa3 = 3,29175 t/m
Pa4 = 1,5159375 t/m

Pilling wall

5. Moment Arm (m)

ya1 =4
ya2 = 3,83
ya3 = 1,75
ya4 = 1,167
ȳ = 1,91 m

6. Pilling wall depth (D)

Dtheory = 2,73 m
Ddesign = 4 m
Total length = 8.5 m
7. Maximum moment
Mx = 16,36164 tm
8. Pilling wall Profil
CCSP type W-350-B-1000
Moment crack = 17,0 tm
9. Stability analysis use the Geostudio 2012 application and resulted safety factor
as 3.2556that resulted the calculation of slope is safe.
Anchor wall

5. moment arm (m)

ya1 =0m
ya2 = 0,166 m
ya3 = 2,25 m
ya4 = 2,83 m
6. retaining wall depth (D)
D theory = 0,92 m
D design = 1.2 m
Total length = 5,7 m
7. anchor force (F)
ΣH=0
Pa1 + Pa2 + Pp1 + Pp2 - F= 0
O,363 + 0,47025 + 3,29175 + 1,5159375 – 2,6174 – F = 0
Fh = 3,0236 ton

8. Maximum moment
Mx = 10,2958 tm
9. Retaining wall profile
CCSP type W-350-A-1000
Moment crack = 11,4 tm
10. Stability analysis use the Geostudio 2012 application and resulted safety factor
as 3.190 that resulted the calculation of slope is safe.

11. Gording

Anchor force = 3,0236 ton.

Anchor distance = 3 m
𝜎𝑙𝑒𝑙𝑒ℎ (𝑓𝑦 ) = 2400 kg/cm2
1
Maximum moment = 8 . 𝑞 . 𝑠 2
1
= 8 . 6,7538125 . 32

= 3,40155 t.m = 340155 kgcm

 𝑀𝑚𝑎𝑘𝑠 340155 𝑡.𝑚
Maximum Restrain: w = = 24000 𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2 = 141,73125 cm3
𝜎𝑦

Use steel profil CNP – 26 with Wx = 150 cm3 > Wperlu = 141,73125cm3
12. bolt
1
𝐹 = . 𝐹𝑠 . 𝑆
2
1
= . 3,0236 . 3
2
= 4,5354 𝑡

= 4535,4 𝑘𝑔
𝐹
𝐴𝑠 =
𝜎𝑦
4535,4
=
2400
= 1,88975 𝑐𝑚2
Total bolt if used 2 cm bolt diameter:
𝐴𝑠
𝜋 =
1 2
4 . 𝜋. 𝜑
1,88975
=
1 2
4 . 3,14 . 2
= 0,60

≈ 1 𝑏𝑢𝑎ℎ
13. Tie Rod
(Fh) = 3,0236 ton

S =3m

𝜎𝑙𝑒𝑙𝑒ℎ (𝑓𝑦 ) = 2400 kg/cm2

𝐹ℎ . 𝑆 .103 3,0236 . 3 .103 𝑘𝑔

𝐴𝑠 = = = 3,7795 cm2
𝜎𝑦 2400 𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2

Anchor diameter
1
𝐴𝑠 = 4 𝜋 𝑑2
 4 . 𝐴𝑠 4 .3,7795
𝑑2 = = = 4,81 cm
𝜋 𝜋

𝑑 = √4,815 = 2,194 𝑐𝑚 ≈ 3 cm

14. anchor safe area

layer 1 : 𝜑1 = 30𝑜

layer 1 : 𝜑2 = 15𝑜

𝜑2 15𝑜
𝐵𝐹 = 𝐴𝐵 𝑥 tan (45𝑝 − ) = 1,2 𝑥 tan (45𝑝 ) = 0,92 𝑚
2 2

𝜑1 𝑝
30𝑜
𝐸𝐺 = (𝐵𝐶 + 𝐶𝐷) 𝑥 tan (45 − ) = (3,5 + 1) 𝑥 − )
2 2

= 2,598 𝑚

𝐻𝐼 1
𝐺𝐻 = 𝜑 = = 1,732 𝑚
tan (45𝑝 − 21 ) 30𝑜
tan (45𝑝 − 2 )

Minimum length of tie rod = 0,92 + 2,598 + 1,732 = 5,25 m

Used 10 m

15. pile analysis on lateral pressure

Lateral weight (Hk) = 3,0236 ton

Pile depth (L) = 6m
Surface soil appearance (e) =4m
Pile diameter (d) = 0,4 m
Granular soil (c) = 2,08 t/m2
Specific gravity soil pile (𝛾) = 1,85 t/m3
Modulus Elasticity (E) = 4700 √𝑓′𝑐
= 4700 √42
= 30459,48125
inertia Moment (I) = 0,000000213333 𝑚4
My = 9,96 tm
 Value nh for sand = 554 kN/m3 (Terzaghi)

Picture 4.2 pile ultimate lateral restrain in granular soil for pile

𝐿
Based on graphic = 15 resulted calculation on :
𝑑

𝐻𝑢
= 110
𝑘𝑝. 𝛾. 𝑑3
𝐻𝑢 = 100. 𝐾𝑝. 𝛾. 𝑑3 = 100 . 3 .0,00175 . 403 = 33600 𝑘𝑔 = 33,6 𝑡𝑜𝑛
𝐻𝑢 33,6 𝑡
SF = = = 11,1 > 1,5 (AMAN)
𝐻𝑘𝑒𝑟𝑗𝑎 3,0236

1. Build of quantity
Table 4.1 Build of quantity recapitulation
No Descriptiom Jumlah Harga (Rupiah)
1 Spadework 42.449.896,25
2 Land Work 242.144.516,45
3 Pile Work 2.468.321.976,12
4 Structural Work 252.962.272,68

A Total Price 3.005.876.661,50

B Tax = 10% x A 300.587.666,15
C Total =A+B 3.306.464.327.65
D Final Price 3.306.400.000,00
Three Billion Three hundreds six millions four hundred thousand Rupiah
5. Conclution
Based on the result of construction design of retaining wall as an alternative on
Slide At Teluk Aman Ruas Road Singakarsa-Palas Kandangan District, Hulu
Sungai Selatan Regency can be conclude as follow :

1. Retaining wall construction can be considred safe if follow this requirement:

a. Based on the result of construction design of retaining wall as an
alternative on Slide At Teluk Aman Ruas Road used two kind of
approach analysis which is pilling wall and anchor wall, which resulted
pilling wall is better option as it more economical.
b. On calculation Ddesign, resulted the depth requirement of pile as D = 4 m.
the total length of retaining wall as 8,5 m.
c. Maximum moment that obtained as 16,36164 t.m, and resulted the
concrete pile profile need as CCSP W-350-B-1000 with cracking
moment amount 17,0 t.m so the retaining wall construction can be
consider safe
d. Based on analysis of slope stability with GeoStudio 2012 application
amount of safety factor resulted as 3,256 > 1,25
2. DED (Detail Engineering Design) will be attach.
3. Cost analysis on retaining wall construction is Rp.3.306.400.000,- for 100 m
length from STA 0+060 to STA 0+160

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