Computer network

A computer network, or data network, is a digital telecommunications network which

allows nodes to share resources. In computer networks, computing devices exchange data with
each other using connections (data links) between nodes. These data links are established
over cable mediasuch as wires or optic cables, or wireless media such as WiFi.
Network computer devices that originate, route and terminate the data are called network
nodes.[1]Nodes can include hosts such as personal computers, phones, servers as well
as networking hardware. Two such devices can be said to be networked together when one
device is able to exchange information with the other device, whether or not they have a direct
connection to each other. In most cases, application-specific communications protocols
are layered (i.e. carried as payload) over other more general communications protocols. This
formidable collection of information technology requires skilled network management to keep
it all running reliably
Computer networks support an enormous number of applications and services such as access
to the World Wide Web, digital video, digital audio, shared use of application and storage
servers, printers, and fax machines, and use of email and instant messaging applications as well
as many others. Computer networks differ in the transmission medium used to carry their
signals, communications protocols to organize network
TYPES OF COMPUTER NETWORK

LAN
A local area network (LAN) is a computer network that interconnects computers within a
limited area such as a residence, school, laboratory, university campus or office building.[1] By
contrast, a wide area network(WAN) not only covers a larger geographic distance, but also
generally involves leased te ecommunication circuits.

MAN
A metropolitan area network (MAN) is a computer network that interconnects users with
computer resources in a geographic area or region larger than that covered by even a
large local area network (LAN) but smaller than the area covered by a wide area
network (WAN).
WAN
A wide area network (WAN) is a telecommunications network or computer
network that extends over a large geographical distance/place. Wide area
networks are often established with leased telecommunication circuits.[1]

Business, education and government entities use wide area networks to

relay data to staff, students, clients, buyers, and suppliers from various
locations across the world. In essence, this mode of telecommunication
allows a business to effectively carry out its daily function regardless of
location. The Internet may be considered a WAN.[2]

Related terms for other types of networks are personal area

networks (PANs), local area networks (LANs), campus area networks (CANs),
or metropolitan area networks (MANs) which are usually limited to a room,
building, campus or specific metropolitan area respectively.
NETWORK ARCHITECTURES
Network architecture is the design of a communication network. It is a framework for the specification
of a network's physical components and their functional organization and configuration, its operational
principles and procedures, as well as data formats use. In telecommunication, the specification of a
network architecture may also include a detailed description of products and services delivered via a
communications network, as well as detailed rate and billing structures under which services are
compensated.

Client/server

On a client/server are computer act as a server that provides services and the other
computer(client) on the networks request services from the server

Peer to Peer

Peer to peer is a simple,inexpensive networks that typically connects fewer than 10

computers,all computers in the networks have equal capablilities to use the resources
avaiavle on the networks
Topology
The cabling layout used to link devices isa the physical topology of the
networks.This refer to the layout of cabling the locations of nodes and the
interconnection between the nodes are the cabling

Star Topology

A Star network is one of the most common computer network topologies. In its
simplest form, a star network consists of one central hub which acts as a conduit to transmit
messages. In star topology, every host is connected to a central hub.[1] A star network is an
implementation of a spoke–hub distribution paradigm in computer networks.

Ring Topology

A ring topology is a network configuration in which device connections create a

circular data path. Each networked device is connected to two others, like points on a circle.
Together, devices in a ring topology are referred to as a ring network
Bus Topology

A bus network is a network topology in which nodes are directly

connected to a common linear (or branched) half-duplex link called a bus.
A host on a bus network is called a Station or workstation. In a bus network,
every station will receive all network traffic, and the traffic generated by
each station has equal transmission priority.[3] A bus network forms a
single network segment and collision domain. In order for nodes to transmit
on the same bus simultaneously, they use a media access control technology
such as carrier sense multiple access (CSMA) or a bus master.
NETWORK COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY
My name is Patrick Lloyd Caparas im 16
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