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Once the base material thickness exceeds 3 inches the distance from the joint at which the preheat
temperature reading is taken must be equal to the thickness of the base metal. If we are welding
dissimilar thicknesses go with larger value. Also, if you are welding different steels which require
different preheat temperatures always go with the higher of the two. There is an exception to
this. If you are welding quenched and tempered steels always consult with the manufacturer of the
steel. Certain preheat temperatures and interpass temperature may not be exceeded.
The amount of preheat necessary varies depending on the type of material and the material
thickness. Fortunately the American Welding Society and the American Institute of Steel
Construction have established preheat and interpass temperature requirements for commonly
welded structural steels. Interpass temperature refers to the temperature near or around the weld
between passes. The D1.1 Structural Welding Code specifies minimum preheat and interpass
temperatures based on the base material, the thickness and the process to be used. This is on table
3.2 of such code. A similar table can be found on the Procedure Handbook for Arc Welding
(Table 3.3) – Minimum Preheat and Interpass Temperature.
Not sure if preheat is necessary? Here are some things that you should look for, and if present,
consult with your steel supplier, your welding engineer, production manager, or whoever is in
charge of welding operations.