SCI-D ​: Skin Cancer Initial Detector

C Abijith (1),Muhammed Ajmal KP (1),Asha Babu (1),Anju ND (1), Mr. Jis Paul (2)
(1) Graduates, Department of Biomedical Engineering,
Sahrdaya College of Engineering & Technology
abijith315707@sahrdaya.ac.in​,​ muhammed315913@sahrdaya.ac.in​, ​asha315010@sahrdaya.ac.in​,
anju315006@sahrdaya.ac.in
(2) Associate Professor, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sahrdaya College of Engineering & Technology,
jispaul@sahrdaya.ac.in

Abstract​: ​Melanoma is the most threatening type of
skin cancer , accounting for vast majority of skin
cancer deaths worldwide. Melanoma causes abnormal
growth of melanocytic cells which produces the sun
protective pigment melanin. The main cause is over
exposure to UV light and genetic factors.The early
detection of the skin cancer can help in completely
curing the disease, but the existing diagnostic
techniques like biopsy, SIAscopy being painful and
time consuming remains to be a challenge.The
proposed idea focuses on developing an early
detection and diagnostic system with the help of
Machine learning (ML). The clinical images of the
affected areas are processed and fed to a
mathematical model. The model will be trained to
distinguish between melanoma and benign cases as
well as predict the possibility of occurrence. The
system consists of hardware system for data capture
and conditioning, as well as a software part for
processing. The whole system is of portable in nature
with further advanced processing shall be extended to
a cloud based service.
The proposed system is expected to reduce the
time and inaccessibility of expertise for Skin cancer
early detection and prevention.
Keywords​: ML, Melanoma, SIA scopy, skin cancer,
biopsy, early detection, cloud database, hardware
system, portable.
I. INTRODUCTION
Skin cancer is one of the most deadly disease which we
have in the list of top ill diseases in the overall world.it
is the most common form of cancers in humans
affecting skin.This disease is not confined to any
particular country but it is common all over.Most of the
skin cancers are curable at initial stages so an early
detection system of skin cancer can save the
patients.The conventional diagnosis method for skin
cancer detection is Biopsy method.It is done by
scraping off skin and the sample undergoes a series of
laboratory testing and the other existing diagnostic
techniques include SIAscopy being painful and time
consuming they remains to be a challenge.One person
dies of melanoma every hour.
An estimated 178,560 cases of melanoma have
been diagnosed in the US. the survival rates of people
affected with skin cancer are low due to the late
diagnosing.An individual's susceptibility to melanoma
is likely determined by genetic and epigenetic factors
that determine the rate at which mutations are generated
and fixed.DNA repair capacity, as well as
environmental factors,mainly dose and timing of UV
exposure during early periods of life,also dictates risk
factors for malignant transformation.
So as biomedical engineers we thought of
developing an early skin cancer detection and
diagnostic system.By doing this project we are
focussing to bring about a change in the skin cancer
detection procedure and to easily distinguish whether
its a benign or malignant cancer.Thus we are hoping to
bring about a development in the field of skin cancer
detection at an early stage.
II. PROPOSED SYSTEM
In this paper the block diagram of the proposed
system is shown in the fig 1. The system includes
mainly 2 stages which is the image processing and
classifier stage.
​ ​fig 1 block diagram of the proposed system
 A. Image processing
Images of a skin lesion is taken from the digital camera
or the mobile camera using a lens with 100x resolution.
The image will contain noise, illuminations etc. Image
processing step do the filtration, illumination
correction, cropping , edge detection, and also they
convert rgb image to grayscale image for accurate
result. The image consist of fine hair which will also
removed during image processing. The image
segmentation include thresholding which will remove
the healthy skin that is after segmentation the image
will only consist of lesion. The last step in the image
processing is that the feature extraction. There are some
unique features that distinguish from malignant
melanoma and benign melanoma.feature extraction
extracts the important features of the image data from
the segmented image.
Fig 2 shows the image processing steps

Fig 3 architecture of neural network

III. BLOCK DIAGRAMS

fig 2 image processing

​B. Artificial Neural Network Classifier

The classification between melanoma and benign is
done in this step. Neural network is able to solve
highly complex problems. The classifier used is the
CNN( convolutional neural network). Here the
parameters chosen are asymmetry, border, color and
diameter. Which is called ABCD parameters. The net is
pre trained using the sample images of melanoma and
benign lesion images. By giving appropriate weights
and bias the net is trained. The activation function plays
a main role in the classification .
Fig3 shows the architecture of neural net
Fig 4 finalied design
The camera will capture the image and it is fed to
process the image. Image is filtered, segmented and
extracted using image processing. The processed image
is thus fed to the neural net. The asymmetry, border,
color, and diameter are calculated and the output is
obtained.
IV. SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION
Our system consists of two main units:
 ● Hardware unit
● Software unit
A. Hardware unit
Hardware unit consist of image capture and
image processing modules. The captured image is
filtered, segmented and extracted using image
processing.
B. software unit
​ oftware unit includes the classification of the
S
image by the use of python programming. The
classification is done between melanoma and benign
V. CONCLUSION
The proposed paper is expected to help in the
early detection and diagnosis of skin cancer and hence
overcome the dangerous consequences of skin cancer
including death..The prediction system is based on the
automatic screening of the skin cancer patients based
on biological parameters using classifier
algorithms.The system is expected to be a standardised
system for the prediction of skin cancer in to which
more parameters can be added
VI. ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The author would like to thank the co-authors,
the institution, the faculty for the constant support and
inputs provided throughout the successful completion
of the project “SCI-D” from the designing phase till the
deployment of the product. The author would also like
to thank Mr. Jis Paul for his valuable instructions and
guidance throughout the process.
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A D Patel Institute of Technology, Anand- 388121,
Gujarat Technological University,, Gujarat, India
svegad@gmail.com
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Gujarat, India
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[17].1 Rama Gaur 2 Dr. V.S. Chouhan 1 Ph.D. Scholar

(ECE) Jodhpur National University, Jodhpur,
Rajasthan, India ,2 Professor and Head ECE departmen
,MBM Engineering college, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India

[18]. Y. Mitani a,*, Y. Hamamoto b a Ube National

College of Technology, Department of Intelligent
System Engineering, 2-14-1, Tokiwadai, Ube
755-8555, Japan

[19].Miguel Antonio Sovierzoski, UTFPR, IEB-UFSC,

Av. Sete de Setembro 3165, 80230- Curitiba-PR,
Brazil, miguelaso@utfpr.edu.br Fernando Mendes de
Azevedo, IEB-UFSC, Campus Universitário, Trindade,
88040-900 Florianópolis-SC, Brazil,
azevedo@ieb.ufsc.br Fernanda Isabel Marques Argoud,
CEFET-SC, IEB-UFSC, Av. Mauro Ramos 950,
88020-300, Florianópolis-SC, Brazil,
fargoud@cefetsc.edu.br

[20]. Sudhir P. Vegad, Associate Professor, Department

of Information Technology, A D Patel Institute of
Technology, Anand- 388121, Gujarat Technological
University,, Gujarat, India svegad@gmail.com Prashant
K. Italiya, Student, Department of Information
Technology, A D Patel Institute of Technology, Anand-
388121 Gujarat Technological University, Gujarat,
India