Oil & Gas

Transportation and Storage

Application Guide

Maximize
energy savings.
Improve
process integrity.
Increase
personnel and
machine safety.
Table of contents

TRANSPORTATION PIPELINES AND STORAGE: ................. 5

Gathering lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Transportation lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
From wellhead to custody transfer: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
From wellhead to pipeline: oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
From wellhead to pipeline: natural gas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
From extraction to dilution: bitumen and heavy oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Driving liquids through pipelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Driving gas through pipelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Pumping, booster and compressor stations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Power distribution, control and automation equipment requirements . . . . . . . . 12
Pipeline monitoring systems and SCADA rooms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Custody transfer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
PIPELINE SAFETY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19
Electrical and automation equipment certification requirements . . .19
Oil and gas leak detection equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19
GLOBAL PIPELINE MILEAGE AND PROJECTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20
Construction costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20
SCHNEIDER ELECTRIC’S KEY OFFERING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22
GLOBAL CUSTOMER REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27
GLOSSARY OF TERMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32
Transportation pipelines and
storage:
Pipelines are the safest, most reliable and cost-effective way of transporting large
volumes of oil and gas. Pipeline systems link typically remote production fields to
urban centres and/or terminals and ports for export.

As the main energy highways for oil and natural gas, pipelines and their associated
storage, pumping, compression and monitoring facilities represent a key opportunity
for Schneider Electric worldwide.

Key performance indicators for pipelines operators include:

I Batch integrity
I Batch quality
I Capacity
I Availability
I Reliability
I Change order capacity
To maximize these parameters, pipeline operators require a complex network
of automation, control and electrical distribution products integrated in an overall
solution that is usually developed by systems integrators. This presents an
excellent opportunity for Schneider Electric, as these systems integrators rely
on Schneider Electric’s technical expertise in providing leading-edge control
and automation systems.

More than 60 kinds of unprocessed and refined petroleum move through pipelines.
A pipeline network is made up of different line sizes and types that can be grouped
into two categories:
I Gathering lines
I Transportation lines
Typically, the smallest diameter pipelines lead out of production fields and into
end-user homes (in the case of natural gas). The largest diameter pipelines are
the main transmission pipelines between source fields and urban areas.

Gathering lines
Flow and gathering lines move crude oil and natural gas from the wellhead over
short distances to oil batteries (field facilities for initial processing) and natural gas
processing facilities where impurities are removed and natural gas is separated into
various products. Oil and gas producers operate flowlines (over approximately five
miles) from pumping to central storage locations.

Flow line diameters range from 60.3 mm to 114.3 mm (2 in. to 4 in.). Gathering lines
vary in size from 114.3 mm to 323.9 mm (4 in. to 12 in.).

Feeder lines move crude oil and natural gas products from batteries, gas processing
facilities and storage tanks in the field to the long-distance haulers of the pipeline
industry, the transmission pipelines.

Feeder pipelines diameters measure between 168.3 mm to 508 mm (6 in. to 20 in.).

5
 Required power distribution, control and automation
equipment for gathering line applications
Application Products
I Compressor and pump control I Drives
I Application specific solutions

I Trucking None
I Blocking valves None
I Offshore storage on platforms, I MCCs
rigs and ships I Automation
I Generator sets
I Prefabricated electrical buildings
I Marine approvals

Application market dynamics are tied closely to extraction expenditure cycles.

Gathering lines represent approximately five percent of total segment expenditures.

Transportation lines
Transportation or transmission lines are the main energy highways. They connect
crude oil and natural gas producers with refineries, processing plants and
distribution centers. Natural gas and crude oil transmission lines are between 508
mm to 1219 mm (20 in. to 48 in.) in diameter. Petroleum product pipelines range in
sizes from 168 mm to 324 mm (6 in. to 12 in.).

Distribution lines are operated by local distribution companies, cooperatives and in

some cases, governments. Natural gas is moved along distribution pipelines to
homes, businesses and some industries. Sizes of these lines can be as large as
914.4 mm (36 in.). Most, however, are much smaller, ranging between 21.3 mm and
168.3 mm (1/2 in. and 6 in.).

Required power distribution, control and automation

equipment for transportation line applications
Application Products
I Pumps and compressors I Drives LV/MV
I SCADA and station control I MCC LV/MV
I Boosting I Motor protection
I IEC 1508, TÜV I Switchgear
I Div 2 environments I Service
I PLC/HMI
I Valve control
I Outdoor houses
I Blend and mix None
I Interface detection
I Meter proving and calibration None
I Leak detection None
I Tank farms and caverns I Fieldbus and distributed systems
I Offshore: turrets I Automation
I Pump control

6
 From wellhead to custody transfer

Pipeline process flow

From wellhead to pipeline: oil

Crude oil is pumped through flowlines and gathering lines from producing wells to
an oil battery for initial processing. The main component of a battery is one or more
tanks where basic sediment and water sink to the bottom and natural gas bubbles
off the top.

Clean oil collects in the middle. The associated gas or “solution gas” from this
process is directed to gas processing plants, if sufficient quantities make this
economically viable. Otherwise, it is flared or incinerated.
Oil derrick
From wellhead to pipeline: natural gas
An in-field natural gas production site includes facilities to measure the gas, and
remove water, oil, sulfur and other impurities.

After initial processing, the gas flows into gathering pipelines that transport the
gas to a transmission pipeline or another processing plant. Here, natural gas
liquids and other impurities are separated from the methane (the main component
of natural gas).

7
 The natural gas liquids such as propane, butane, ethane and condensates are
typically piped to other facilities:
I Condensates are piped to heavy oil producers to be used as diluent to promote
flow of heavy oils through a pipeline.
I Propane is piped to point-of-sale marketers.
I Other natural gas liquids are piped to petrochemical plants for use in the
manufacture of plastics, for example.

From extraction to dilution: bitumen and heavy oil

Offshore oil platform
Bitumen and some heavy oils are too viscous to flow through pipelines, so diluents
are added to change the viscosity. Condensates derived from natural gas separation
are a traditional diluent, but light crude oil can also serve in this role.

In the case of Syncrude Canada Ltd., bitumen is refined into a synthetic crude oil
(containing no residue or very heavy components) directly at its site in
Northern Alberta and then piped to southern markets (see www.syncrude.com
for more information).

Storage
Petroleum storage facilities are located throughout pipeline systems at:
I Batteries,
I Upstream pipeline hubs (culmination points of gathering pipeline systems), and
I Petrochemical plants and refineries where various petroleum products are made.
Ownership of storage varies. Oil companies can own the storage as can pipeline
companies. Multiple stakeholders may also jointly own storage.
Tank farm Tank farms are clusters of large above ground oil storage tanks. More temporary
storage facilities are typically located at the initiating end of a transmission line. More
long-term storage for point-of-sale purposes is common at the end of a line. Each
storage facility is a pipeline system in miniature, requiring distribution and control
equipment, but mainly automation equipment for custody transfer measuring (the
legal transfer of petroleum products from a supplier to a customer).

While crude oil from offshore production is delivered to onshore tank farms by
seabed pipelines, production can also be stored in a fixed platform or on a floating
production/storage/and offloading vessel. It is then transferred to a tanker for
shipment to terminals worldwide.

Pressure tanks for the storage of natural gas are expensive, so underground salt
caverns or depleted natural gas fields are commonly used.

8
Natural gas liquids can be stored in cylindrical or spherical tanks, but larger volumes
are also stored in underground salt caverns as deep as 5,000 feet.

Crude oil and natural gas station.

Source: Enbridge Pipelines Inc.

LNG handling and storage typically involves a three-step process.

I Natural gas is “frozen” into a liquid state through a complex cryogenic process
called liquefaction involving temperatures as low as -160˚C.
I LNG can be stored in cryogenic holding tanks or pumped directly from the cooling
vestibule into special insulated vessels, such as railcars, trucks, or ships for
transportation.
I At the final destination, it is pumped from the vessel into either another cryogenic
storage facility for later delivery or directly into a re-gasification unit, which uses
seawater or air to reheat the LNG, converting it back into a gaseous form.

9
 Driving liquids through pipelines
Liquids are propelled through most pipelines by centrifugal pumps (located at
pumping stations), that are in turn powered by electric motors. In remote areas,
power sources include both diesel engines and electric motors. Oil moves through
transmission pipelines at four to eight kilometers per hour and may take a month or
more to travel 4000 kilometers.

Pumps under maintenance at
a pumping station
Various grades of gasoline, oil and condensate can move through the same pipeline
in batches (or slugs), similar to railcars in a train. Simple hydraulics and fluid
properties prevent batches from mixing except where they actually come in contact
with one another. Those small volumes are then reprocessed.

Driving gas through pipelines

Natural gas-fired turbines typically drive centrifugal pumps, compressing gas for
transmission. Pressures in some of the largest transmission lines can run upward of
7000 kilopascals (1000+ pounds per square inch). The drives to create this pressure
can be as much as 35,000 horsepower, propelling natural gas at up to 40 kilometers
per hour in the line. Distribution line pressures can start at 3450 kp (500 psi), but
can drop to as low as 690 kp (100 psi) in new residential areas.

Typical sequence in which petroleum flows through a products pipeline

Pumping, booster and compressor stations

Pump stations on liquids pipelines represent the best prospects for Schneider
Electric power distribution, control and automation equipment because their
centrifugal pumps are driven by electrical motors. Natural gas lines, on the other
hand, are usually powered by natural gas burning turbines, which usually are
prefitted with electrical equipment at the OEM level. Some gas compression stations
are also powered by electric motors.

To maintain the flow of liquids through the line, booster stations are spaced at 25 to
100-plus kilometer intervals depending on terrain, the type of pipeline and the
viscosity of the products being moved. Compression booster stations are spaced
further apart because the product is lighter.

10
 Configuration
A typical pump or compressor station consists of a cluster of buildings:
I A compressor or pump building with compressors or pumps (on flowlines, small
pump units are sometimes left in the open),
I A laboratory building to monitor the quality of product being received into the
pipeline system,
I An office for field technicians, and
I An electrical/controls building, which could be a separate building at
larger stations or a prefabricated electrical building (PEB) supplied by
specialty packagers.
Pumping stations also contain a storage building for lubricants and
environmental supplies.

Electrical power requirements – pipeline applications

Application #1 – Gathering lines

Although configurations vary from company to company and region to region,
pumping/booster stations on gathering lines – starting with four-inch pipes that feed
into larger pipes up to 24 inches in diameter – will usually have:
I Three electric motor drives in series – two operating, one backup – from 1000 hp
to over 4000 hp,
I 5 kilovolt incomer for motor drives,
I One step down transformer to 480 V for all equipment and valves below 200 hp,
I One step down transformer to 120 V for lighting and heating, and
I One step down to 24 V DC for control equipment.

Process flow diagram

11
 Application #2 – Transmission lines

A petroleum product transmission pipeline can have a smaller diameter than a crude
oil pipeline because of the lower viscosity of these refined products.

Transmission line booster stations are located between one and 300 kilometers
apart, depending on terrain (the average distance works out to 75 kilometers).
A typical petroleum products line runs diameters of 6 inches to 24 inches in its
system. Each pump/booster station on a transmission line has:
I Two 1000 hp electric motor drives in series (one operating, one backup),
I 25 KV incomer for motor drives,
I One step down transformer to 5KV for main motor drives,
I One step down transformer to 600V for all equipment under 200 hp,
I One step down to low voltage three phase 240V and 120V, and
I 24 V DC for control equipment.

The diagram on page 18 illustrates this application.

Power distribution, control and automation equipment requirements

Pumping, booster and compressor stations require the following power distribution,
industrial control and automation equipment:

Power distribution equipment

I Switchgear
I Protection relays
I Power monitoring and metering
I Emergency backup generators

Functional diagram for multiple-control location

12
Control system overview

13
 Industrial control equipment
Motor control centres (MCCs) fitted with:
I Variable speed drives
I Soft starters
I Motor starters
I Push buttons
I Beacons

MCC specifications are listed on the inside back cover of this document.

Three line schematic for 5 kV motor starters

(pumping, booster and compression station applications)

14
 Automation
I PLCs to control end devices through I/O modules.
I Operator interface stations (Human Machine interfaces – HMIs).
I Software.

Option 1: Common PLCs – One for pump

module, and one for generator set

Option 2: Individual and common PLC for

pump module and generator set

15
 Pumping and generator set application

Option 3: Single PLC for pump module

and generator set

Option 4: Redundant common PLC for both

pump module and generator set

16

SCADA system over a satellite network
Control centre
Storage at downstream end of pipeline
Pipeline monitoring systems and SCADA rooms
The size and length of a pipeline, the range of products it carries, and the number
of distribution points determine the complexity of a pipeline monitoring system.
The heart of a pipeline monitoring system is the supervisory control and data
acquisition (SCADA) system. This gives a “big picture” overview of all pipeline
activities and allows the operator to regulate the entire length of the pipeline from
a single control centre.
Essentially a central computer room, the control centre is staffed around the clock by
skilled operators to maintain full operations of the pipeline. A digital communications
network – consisting of a conventional telephone line, cellular or satellite
communications – supports the computer control system.
The SCADA systems on transmission lines are usually transmitted over satellite.
However, depending on the region, pipelines can also be controlled over microwave,
spread spectrum, radio, dedicated land lines, or intranet networks using a
combination of copper, fiber optics and wireless technology.
The four legs of a SCADA network are
I Field instruments and devices,
I Station control using programmable logic controllers (PLCs) and/or remote
terminal units (RTUs),
I Master terminal units (MTUs), and
I The control centre.
RTUs may be PLCs that collect field information – such as valve on/off/in transition
status, power distribution, temperature and pressure. The RTU relays this
information to the control centre.
Located at each pumping station along the length of the pipeline, the RTUs allow the
central control room operators to compare computer calculations of actual product
flow and pressure with expected values in order to identify anomalies and to take
action if necessary – including shutting down an entire pumping station. In this way,
thousands of kilometers of pipeline can be managed from one central location with
the click of a mouse. The systems architecture for a compression station control
system appears on the following page.
Custody transfer
The legal transfer of petroleum products from a supplier to a customer is referred to
as custody transfer. The SCADA system facilitates centralized customer batch
tracking, custody transfer metering and product control to ensure batch integrity.
Control centre operators are in close communication with field operating technicians
to ensure accurate custody transfer.
One method of custody transfer uses densitometers – devices that measure batch
density. Batches are separated by buffers – usually of a synthetic crude oil of
sufficient density that it does not mix with the customer batch crude. Densitometers
relay batch density information in real-time to the SCADA system and allow
operators to track and divert specific batches.
Industry standard Modbus communication between pipeline operators and
customers is becoming increasingly important, as customers require vital crude oil
batch data for accountability and leak detection systems.
Easily configured for different applications, PLCs are ideally suited for custody
transfer applications because they have a very high mean time between failure
rating, even in harsh oil field environments. They also support large data storage
requirements and offer security features including the ability to set Memory Protect
to secure the configuration, program and accumulated values.
17
 Compression station control system

18
Pipeline safety
Electrical and automation equipment certification
requirements
International standards
Most Schneider Electric power distribution, industrial control and automation
equipment is built to international CE, IEC and NEMA standards. Some equipment
carries TÜV SIL 1 and SIL 2 certification.

Local standards
Some regions and countries require additional local certification.
I Canada: CUL or CSA certification
I United States: UL or FM certification
I North America: ANSI certification

Metal-clad switchgear, as defined by ANSI C37.20.2 must include:

I Removable (drawout) circuit breakers,
I Fully compartmented construction,
I Grounded metal barriers that enclose all live parts,
I Automatic shutters over primary contacts,
I Fluidized-bed epoxy insulated bus, and
I Disconnect-type voltage transformers.

Medium voltage controllers, as defined by UL, CUL, ANSI, EEMAC and IEC,
must have
I Maximum voltage of 7.2 kV,
I Third party certification,
I Safety interlocks, and
I Isolation switch with maintenance-free contacts capable of 5,000 operations.

Oil and gas leak detection equipment

SCADA and automated equipment that detects and contains oil or gas leaks is
housed in a weatherproof line block valve station. Often required every few
kilometers along a pipeline, line block valve stations can instantly shut down the
affected section of pipeline – between pumping stations, or between line block valve
stations – to minimize damage resulting from leaks.

19
 Global pipeline mileage
and projects
Construction costs
Under ideal conditions, transmission pipelines cost about CDN $1 million per
kilometer (approximately US $1.25 per mile) to build. Compression stations run
about CDN $30 million (US $24 m) to build.

Growing world energy demand vs. pipeline mileage

20
Pipeline projects planned and under construction
Number of projects, booster stations and SCADA centres.
Source: Schneider Electric

North America
New and planned pipeline mileage in North America has slightly increased over the
past year from 12,111 to 14,296. Two promising prospects for future North American
construction are the long anticipated 2,100-mile Alaska Highway Pipeline to bring
natural gas south from the North Slope and the 756-mile Mackenzie Gas project to
ship gas from the Mackenzie River Valley to northwestern Alberta. In recent months,
there’s been a flurry of activity in Alaska and Canada involving these projects.

US Congress passed two bills in October 2004 which contained incentives to build a
natural gas pipeline from the North Slope to the Midwestern USA. The bills contain
numerous provisions including one authorizing up to $18 billion in loan guarantees.

In Canada, Imperial Oil and its partners filed applications in October 2004 with
regulatory authorities to construct the $7 billion Mackenzie Valley gas pipeline. The
system will connect an estimated 6 Tcf of natural gas in the Mackenzie Delta with an
existing pipeline in northern Alberta. Ultimately, the pipeline will deliver 1.2 Bcf/d of
gas to North American markets.

21
 Schneider Electric’s
key offering

We offer a complete products, equipment & systems portfolio, which

includes MV & LV power distribution, motor controls,
automation & industrial controls.

Medium voltage arc-mitigating switchgear

This switchgear
I Increases uptime because damage is limited when in a fault condition,
I Offers better personnel protection, and
I Eliminates arc and associated hazards via light sensors that activate a fast-acting,
shorting circuit breaker.

Power factor correction capacitors

The family of low and medium voltage power factor correction capacitors from
Schneider Electric provides many benefits for pipelines:
I Offers operational cost savings, which are achieved through improved productivity,
lower utility bills and reduced repair and maintenance costs,
I Provides voltage support for starting large motors,
I Releases capacity (kVA) on transformers and other distribution equipment, and
I Reduces current losses.

Active harmonic filters

Harmonic filtering has become increasingly important for the pipeline industry due to
the proliferation of power electronic loads such as drives to run pumps and
compressors. The harmonics generated by these loads may disrupt other loads,
reduce the life span of many devices, increase operating costs and lower the
reliability of the electrical network.

The active harmonic filter is the best choice for harmonic control in pipelines
because it
I Meets the most stringent level of IEEE 519-1992,
I Can be applied on a common bus,
I Eliminates the need for harmonics studies,
I Packages easily in an MCC, and
I Provides a more cost-effective alternative to using 18-pulse drives as a means to
reduce harmonic distortion.

Protection relays
These relays
I Are easy to commission (predefined, easy-to-set functions),
I Are user-friendly,
I Feature windows-based software, and
I Have a high mean time to failure (over 50 years).

22
Medium voltage motor controllers
Schneider Electric medium voltage motor controllers offer a competitive advantage
because of their compact footprint and enhanced safety features. The safety features
include
I Load discharge assembly,
I Compartmentalization,
I Arc-resistant enclosure, and
I Grounded isolating switches.

Software
This software features:
I Hot-standby capabilities for critical applications,
I A built-in, interactive operator screen to streamline maintenance,
I A full-function simulator to enable application bench testing,
I User-defined function blocks to simplify programming,
I Ability to program in five different languages – Structured Text, Ladder,
Function Block, Sequential Function Chart, and Instruction List,
I Data array structures and math capabilities that facilitate the development of
Modbus Plus routines.
Software reduces programming time and software investment costs, because the
programmer can reuse function blocks designed for previous projects.

This capability is especially important for applications such as

I Sectionalizing valves, where there are common inputs and outputs used at
each station.The software can map these common I/Os to the standard variable
names regardless of the I/O points’ physical location.
I Developing a standard analogue scaling block to ensure repeatability
of densitometer signals for multiple sites.

Hot standby PLCs

These auto-configurable, Unity-compatible controllers require no setup or special
hardware. Designed to protect against power supply, CPU or I/O driver module
failure, they also provide:
I Exceptionally fast scan and transfer time,
I High availability, dependability and security required by critical process
applications such as petrochemical facilities and tank farms. (Because tank farms
have no surge capacity and are located at various points along the pipeline
system, a failure in the tank farm control system can potentially impact the
mainline pipeline operations.)
I Bumpless, controlled transfer with minimal process impact. This ensures
that critical processes running on a remote I/O network remain intact and
unaffected by controller hardware failures – thereby increasing productivity
and reducing downtime.

Additional benefits:
I Default assignment of the primary PLC, based on the MAC address, makes
the system plug and play.
I Both PLCs may be placed as much as 2 km apart.
23
 I Applications are automatically downloaded from primary to standby.
I Logic mismatches are configurable via Unity Pro or by the command register.
I Existing I/O drops can be used.
I There is no need for a dedicated module or software.
I Default configuration and native, preconfigured functions eliminate the need for
specific executive software.
The fact that the Unity/Quantum hot standby solution does not require
programming is unique.

Oil and gas flow measurement

Schneider Electric PLCs are ideally suited for gas flow measurement (by volume or
weight over a specific amount of time). Calculations are provided as an integrated
hardware and software solution in the PLC processor, providing the complex control
schemes required by pipeline applications.

Transparent ReadyTM
Transparent ReadyTM is a simple solution that gives you access to important data
(currents, voltages, powers, energies, device status, etc.) contained in your power
equipment. You can access them wherever you are, from any PC connected to your
corporate Ethernet network via a simple Web browser with secure access.

I Keep control of your power consumption

I Improve power supply availability

I Better manage your electrical installation

I Ethernet TCP/IP, Mobdus and the web: Recognized standards

Schneider Electric’s strongest value proposition to the pipeline sector is

therefore an offer featuring power distribution and/or industrial control
equipment, combined with Unity software, Quantum hot standby PLCs
and/or Transparent ReadyTM. Equally strong is Schneider Electric’s
customized RTU offer for boosting/pumping station applications.

The following success stories attest to the strength of this offer.

Turkey: Transparent ReadyTM will facilitate refinery substation automation

Schneider Electric Turkey’s largest project to date entails automating a petroleum
company’s substation with:
I Modicon® Quantum™ PLCs running on a Unity hot standby configuration,
I PLC CPUs, and
I Transparent ReadyTM Ethernet modules.
A one millisecond (ms) time stamp must be put on selected digital inputs.
All systems must be synchronized to 1 ms accuracy. GE protection relays, Quantum
PLCs and digital input modules must be adjusted to the same millisecond level for
electrical system fault analysis.
Initially, Schneider Electric Turkey was going to suggest installing:
I Concept software for the Modicon® Quantum™ PLCs,
I 140ERT85410 modules for time stamping, and
I STS3000 Merlin Gerin products to synchronize the ERT and protection relays.

24
However, after seeing the successful operation of Transparent Ready’s
Ethernet-based Network Time Protocol (NTP) at Spain’s Madrid Barajas Airport,
Schneider Electric Turkey suggested installing:
I Unity software.
I Modicon Quantum PLCs with 140CPU6760 Hot-Standby CPUs.
I Transparent ReadyTM Ethernet modules for NTP.
This solution was key to securing the project.

For more information on this project, contact Deniz Akkaya, Schneider Electric Turkey,
at deniz_akkaya@tr.schneider-electric.com.

China: Quantum/Unity Pro solution will provide the high availability

required by Sinopec’s Long River pipeline

Schneider Electric recently signed a contract with the Sinopec Group for the Long
River pipeline project in China. This 1,000 km pipeline will transport 21 million tons
of refined oil per year.

This pipeline project consists of one monitoring center and 13 stations. Each station
requires a redundant PLC system. The monitoring center will communicate with the
13 stations over Ethernet TCP/IP.

Schneider Electric’s solution: Quantum and Unity Pro software. This package, with its
advantage of proven high performance, ease of installation and excellent service,
enabled Schneider Electric to win this project despite tough competition from
Rockwell and Siemens.

For more information on this project, contact Zhaolin Sun, Schneider Electric China,
at zhaolin.sun@cn.schneider-electric.com

North America: Square D Motor Logic Plus 2 dual port relay will allow
future real-time monitoring of overloads at an oil refinery

The Square D Motor Logic Plus 2 relay’s dual ports (DeviceNet™ and Modbus®) will
facilitate modernizing a North American oil refinery’s MCCs. (For safety reasons,
each section of these hard-wired MCCs has a termination cabinet to isolate field
control devices from line voltages.) Schneider Electric won this order because they
were the only manufacturer who could provide an overload relay with:
I Dual ports (DeviceNet™ and Modbus®) (Cutler Hammer and Rockwell equipment is
solely DeviceNet-compatible)
I A second communication port making possible a future Transparent ReadyTM
option for overload setting and monitoring.

The Motor Logic Plus 2 relay’s open, Ethernet-based communication capability

will facilitate:
I Controlling, programming and monitoring remotely using standard automation
equipment.
I Redundant communication directly to each motor starter.

This solution is illustrated on next page.

For more information on this project, contact Claude Desormiers,
Schneider Electric Canada, at claude.desormiers@ca.schneider-electric.com

25
26
MODEL

A1 A2 98 95 96 14 13/23 24
STATUS IN 1
TRIP/WARN IN 2
OUT A IN 3
To other
OUT B MotorLogic® PlusII IN 4

11 12 13 14 G P B B A
MotorLogic
RESET/TEST
Plus II

A1 A2 98 95 96 14 13/23 24
STATUS IN 1
TRIP/WARN IN 2
OUT A IN 3
OUT B MotorLogic® PlusII IN 4

11 12 13 14 G P B B A
Ethernet to
RESET/TEST Modbus RS485 Plant network
EGX comm
module

A1 A2 98 95 96 14 13/23 24 A1 A2 98 95 96 14 13/23 24
STATUS IN 1 STATUS IN 1
DOL SST VFD
TRIP/WARN IN 2 TRIP/WARN IN 2
OUT A IN 3 OUT A IN 3 Altivar
OUT B MotorLogic® PlusII IN 4 OUT B MotorLogic® PlusII IN 4 Starter Alti Start Transparent Ready monitoring
11 12 13 14 G P B B A 11 12 13 14 G P B B A
DeviceNet control
RESET/TEST RESET/TEST

Overload Overload Overload

DeviceNet DeviceNet DeviceNet
A1 A2 98 95 96 14 13/23 24 A1 A2 98 95 96 14 13/23 24
Modbus Modbus Modbus
STATUS IN 1 STATUS IN 1
TRIP/WARN IN 2 TRIP/WARN IN 2
OUT A IN 3 OUT A IN 3
® ®
OUT B MotorLogic PlusII IN 4 OUT B MotorLogic PlusII IN 4

11 12 13 14 G P B B A 11 12 13 14 G P B B A

RESET/TEST RESET/TEST

Device Net
scanner
DeviceNet network To DCS

A1 A2 98 95 96 14 13/23 24 A1 A2 98 95 96 14 13/23 24
STATUS IN 1 STATUS IN 1
TRIP/WARN IN 2 TRIP/WARN IN 2
OUT A IN 3 OUT A IN 3
OUT B MotorLogic® PlusII IN 4 OUT B MotorLogic® PlusII IN 4

11 12 13 14 G P B B A 11 12 13 14 G P B B A

RESET/TEST RESET/TEST

A1 A2 98 95 96 14 13/23 24 A1 A2 98 95 96 14 13/23 24
STATUS IN 1 STATUS IN 1
TRIP/WARN IN 2 TRIP/WARN IN 2
OUT A IN 3 OUT A IN 3
OUT B MotorLogic® PlusII IN 4 OUT B MotorLogic® PlusII IN 4

11 12 13 14 G P B B A 11 12 13 14 G P B B A

RESET/TEST RESET/TEST

Modbus DeviceNet
Global Customer References
Pipeline Project references in Africa
Country Customers/Partners Project name Equipment supplied

Algeria Omegas Bechtel USA Magrehb – Europe gas pipeline Transformers, UPS, MV panels, LV MCCs
Algeria Sonatrach Bechtel USA GR1-GR2 gas compression station Turnkey – HV, MV, LV MCCs, transformers,
power houses
Algeria Sonatrach Fabricom Belgium Gas compression boosting station MV/LV switchgear, transformers
Bechtel USA,
SNC Lavalin Canada,
Stone & Webster UK
Algeria Sonatrach JGC Corp. Japan Alrar-Hassi R’Mel Pipeline-GR2 Turnkey – LV switchgear,
SOFREGAZ France MB 400 Masaterbloc, 60 kV switchgear,
control panels
Algeria Sonatrach JGC Corp. Japan Compression stations 9 + 10 MV/LV MCCs and switchgear
Algeria Sonatrach JGC Corp. Japan Hassi Mossaoud SC7/SC8 gas MV/LV power distribution equipment,
compressor station MV switchgear, transformers, training,
LV MCCs
Algeria Sonatrach John Brown Eng. UK Mesdar gas compression station MV/LV power distribution,
Sofregaz France ISIS control system, turnkey
Algeria Sonatrach JSW Hassi Mossaoud Cin gas MV/LV kiosk, LV MCCs
compressor station
Algeria Sonatrach Saipem Italy OZ2 – Haoud El Hamra to Arzew oil EHV switchgear, MV switchgear
pieline
Algeria Sonatrach Spie Enertrans France OZ2 oil pipeline phase 2 - 5.5 kV MV switchgear

Algeria Sonatrach Thermodyn France El Gassi gas compression stations HV, MV, LV equipment, transformers,
gride studies,automation and
control systems
Cameroon ExxonMobil Kellogg Brown & Root Cameroon (Cribi) – Chad (Duba) Transformers, Mcset cubicles,
oil pipeline Masterbloc cubicles,
design & development
Chad ExxonMobil Kellogg Brown & Root Chad (Duba) – Cameroon (Kribi) Transformers, Mcset cubicles,
oil pipeline Masterbloc cubicles,
design & development
Egypt Sumed ENPPI Egypt Sumed pipeline MV/LV electrical distribution
Kenya West Kenya Coppee Lavalin West Kenya pipeline from Mobasa to MV switchgear and MCCs
Pipeline France/Canada Nairobi
Morocco OCP Mannesmann Mohammedia-Sidi Kacem pipeline MV package
Germany
Morocco OCP SPIE France Mohammedia oil terminal MV switchgear; transformers
South Africa ND Sembawang Eng MossGas gas compression station MV/LV switchgear
(Singapore)

27
 Pipeline Project references in the Asia-Pacific region
Country Customers/Partners Project name Equipment supplied

Australia Goldfields Gas Goldfields natural gas pipeline – Transparent factory, TSX Quantum PLCs,
Transmission transmission SCADA system Concept software, Modicon AS-BVRC-200
on-line upgrade module to determine AGA 7 calculations
from the AGA8
Australia Goldfields Gas Goldfields gas pipeline from Yarrallola TSX Quantum PLCs, Ethernet modules,
Transmission to Kalgoorlie XMIT loadable, AGA loadable,
EARS loadable, Concept software
Australia Windimurra Mid West gas pipeline Quantum, Momentum PLCs,
Agility Services (from Eradu North Station to Windimurra) Concept 2.1 software, SCADA
China GZ Pump GPSP Guangdong Luodong and Zengchen GCB, DS
Storage PSJV substations (gas pipeline)
China Sinopec Group Long River oil pipeline Monitoring centre communicating
over Ethernet TCP/IP to 13 stations
(each station requiring redundant
PLC system)
India CCKP Petronet Nelles/Metso Cochin-Cimbtore-Karur pipeline PLCs, Scada
Consultants Automation
Indonesia Bakrie Pipe Bakrie Pipes MV/LV package, transformer
Industry
Indonesia CCI Pipe Haiduk Machinery CCI Pipe – Shearing Line PLCs, DC drives
South Korea
Indonesia Trihasra Biman MV switchgear and MCCs
Korea Hanbo Pipe Haiduk Machinery Hanbo Pipe 1 2" tube line
1/ DC drives, PLCs
South Korea

28
Pipeline Project references in Europe
Country Customers/Partners Project name Equipment supplied

Belarus Gomel Control & Monitoring` (oil) MCset MV switchgear, EMCS Seefox
Transneft systems, Trihal transformers,
Droujba diesel gensets, switchboards, Okken
switchboard, Prisma Panelboard, RM6 MV
switching
Hungary MOL Rt. NLT 10 pumping stations Turnkey electrical installation, LV
switchboards
Italy SNAM Metanopoli pipeline 15 kV substations
Oleodotti Italy
Russia Bouygues Fluor Daniel Eurasia Caspian Oil Pipeline LV equipment for Novorossiyski terminal
Construction & port; 5 compression stations for Caspian
Bougues Sea Oil (LV Masterbloc switchboards,
Offshore transformers)
Russia Gazprom Gazprom gas pipeline – 500MF; Gazavtomatika licence to
compression plant renovation manufacture MV switchgear cublicles;
protection relays; MV switchgear
supervisory system
Russia Gazprom Peregrebnevskaya gas MV Fluair drawout switchboards equipped
compression station with Sepam programmable relays and
controlled by Isis SCADA system
Russia Gazprom Elte-Galtek Turkey Gazprom Blue Stream gas pipeline (from PLCs, MCset switchgear cubicles,
Russia to Turkey through the Black Sea – Prisma LV panelboard,
Drouzba Black Sea) MV switchgear cubicles
Russia Gazprom Machinoimport Urengoy–Novy gas pipeline compression MV/LV transformers, LV switchgear and
stations (extension) MCCs, 110 and 48 kV charging sets,
cables, installation, studies, construction,
monitoring, 10kV switchgear
Russia Gazprom Machinoimport Gazprom Astrakhan I and II pipelines Technical assistance and supervision,
LV switchgear and MCCs
Russia Gazprom Wartsila Finland Krasnodarskaya gas pipeline MCset switchgear cubicles, bus duct
Russia Gazprom Wartsila Finland Purtazovskaya pipeline MCset switchgear cubicles, bus duct
Russia Gazprom Wartsila Russia Gazprom Beregovaya Krasnodeskaya standby power plant:
compression station MCset MV switchgear cubicles,
(part of Blue Stream gas pipeline project) transformers, MV switchgear
Russia Permtransgaz Bardo gas compression station MV switchgear
Russia Russian Bouygues Caspian Pipeline Consortium pumping MV/LV transformers, HV,
Caspian Construction & stations, pipeline, marine termminal & MV MCCs, MV/LV shelters/PEBs,
Pipeline Bougues Offshore existing pipeline revamping power lighting transformers
Consortium
Turkey Gazprom Elte-Galtek Turkey Blue Stream Gas Pipeline (from Russia PLCs, MCset switchgear cubicles,
Russia to Turkey through the North Sea): Prisma LV panelboard,
Droujba Black Sea MV switchgear cubicles
Ukraine PCPMOP Pridneprovsky main oil pipeline – Substations, 10kV switchboards,
pumping station renovation MCset MV switchgear, ES 1000 NT
supervisor, LV auxiliary switchboards,
France Transfo auxiliary transformers,
MV busways, supervision and training,
spare parts
Ukraine Pridneprovsky Krementchoug pipeline Package (MV/LV switchgear), Isis
Pipelines transformers
United BP Air UK British Pipeline Agency BP Telemetry Pipeline SCADA
Kingdom

29
 Pipeline Project references in the Middle East
Country Customers/Partners Project name Equipment supplied

Iran NIGC Iran OIEC IGAT 3 – Gas compressor station Masterpact NW, NS breakers;
Sepam 1000 and 2000 relays;
Power management system
Kazakhstan Hurricane Kumkoil-Dzhusaly oil pipeline MV/LV power distribution equipment,
Kumkoil Munai MCCs for pumps and motor-operated
(HKM) valves; OKKEN type MCCs;
MV/LV oil filled transformers;
AC electrical distribution panel;
DC electrical distribution panels with
batteries and chargers;
LR91 type compact substations;
motor starters for pumps
Kazakhstan Tengiz Chevroil Lurgi Germany Litwin/ Tengiz pipeline MV/LV circuit breakers, AccuSine active
Spie Batignolles/ harmonic filters
Natus France
Qatar Qatargas Chiyoda Japan Qatargas Ras Laffan Electrical package
North Dome pipeline
Saudi Arabia Arabian Pipe Haiduk Machinery Arabian Pipe 20 inch Pipe Mill Complete automation: PLCs,
South Korea networks, AC/DC drives
Saudi Arabia ND SNC Lavalin Canada Qassim Riyadh new pipe Transformers, LV MCCs
Turkmenistan Turkemistan Man Ferrostaal Korpedje gas compression station Turnkey – HV, MV, LV MCCs
Ministries Germany
United Arab ADCO Dhafir UAE Jebel Dhana Piping (oil) MV switchgear
Emirates

30
Pipeline Project references in North and South America
Country Customers/Partners Project name Equipment supplied

Brazil TBC (51% Gasoduto Brasil-Bolivia MV and LV packages, UPS,

Petrobras) MV/MV transformers

Brazil Petrobras Gasoduto Vitoria-Cacimbas PLCs

Canada Enbridge SNC Lavalin Tank farm and pumping station control, Square D MV metalclad switchgear and
Pipelines Inc. Cybertech Automation, custody transfer metering, batch tracking Isoflex MCCs; Compact and Quantum
DCD Engineering Ltd. for oil pipeline (finished products) PLCs, Square D M6 LV MCCs,
power transformers, Concept software
Canada Imperial Oil Colt-Esso Alliance Tank farm and pumping station control, MCCs, Switchgear, Relays, PLCs, HMIs
Products custody transfer metering, batch tracking
for oil pipeline (finished products)
Canada Interpipeline Veco Engineering Tank farm and pumping station control, MCCs, Switchgear, Relays, PLCs, HMIs
Fund custody transfer metering, batch tracking
for oil pipeline (crude)
Canada Pembina Veco Engineering Tank farm and pumping station control, MCCs, Switchgear, Relays, PLCs, HMIs
Resources custody transfer metering, batch tracking
for oil pipeline (crude)
Canada Terasen Veco Engineering Tank farm and pumping station control, MCCs, Switchgear, Relays, PLCs, HMIs
Pipeline custody transfer metering, batch tracking
for oil pipeline (finished products)
Colombia Ecopetrol Techint Ecopetrol Pipeline (oil) LV MCCs, OLCs, TSX87 PLCs, MTT
software, UNITELWAY bus, 5000MH
engineering
Colombia Oleoducto Spie Capag France Vasconia-Covenas pipeline MV/LV switchgear and MCCs, automation,
Colombia SA Techint Argentina supervision and monitoring
Mexico Energía Bechtel International Yucatán Peninsula gas pipeline 480V LV MCCs, 13.8 kV switchgear, 500
Mayaka kVa transformers
México
United States Colonial Pumping stations MV capacitor banks
Pipelines
United States Mesa Gas pipeline Quantum, Compact + Momentum PLCs
Electrical and
Water Utilities
United States Peoples Gas Communications interface for gas line Micro PLCs, SCADA, gas on-line flow
System Inc. flow computers (Florida) reporting, Modbus serial/ASC II ports
Venezuela Sincor Telvent (Canada) Pipeline SCADA, PLCs
Venezuela PDVSA SEO – Pumping stations MV switchgear, 150 sections Fluair 200
Venezuela PDVSA East Complex Pumping station LV MCC 120 sections Model 6
Venezuela SINCOR Main Station production clusters 40 Prefabricated electrical centers with
MCSet and BLOKSet
Venezuela TOTAL Jusepin field complex MV switchgears 15 sections MCSet
Venezuela BITOR Extra heavy oil well cluster LV MCC 40 sections Model 6
Venezuela PDVSA ACCRO – Gas compression stations LV MCC 200 sections Model 6
Venezuela CHEVRON Communication network in exploration, Modicon Quantum PLC, Monitor Work
production and pipelines software

31
 Glossary of Terms
Batches Different commodities can be sent through liquids
pipelines. They are sent in batches similar to the
movement of railcars in a train. There is no intermixing of
these liquids except in small quantities where they contact
with one another. Liquid “buffers” are often inserted
between batches to maximize batch integrity.

Battery An in-field processing facility to separate crude oil from

other substances such as natural gas, carbon dioxide,
saltwater, sulfur compounds and sand.

Bitumen A semisolid hydrocarbon mixture. The oilsands

bitumen in Canada is the world’s largest known
hydrocarbon resource.

Booster stations Pump or compressor stations along the length of

pipeline to maintain flows.

CMB Methane trapped within coal beds.

(coal bed methane)

CO2/Nitrogen/ Secondary recovery techniques that involve flooding

Water flood reservoirs with these compounds to bring maintain
pressures or to make crude oil or natural gas more readily
available for extraction. A part of this is CO2 sequestration,
which involves injecting CO2 into a formation and deriving
the twin benefits of dislodging methane and storing CO2
underground rather than releasing it into the atmosphere.

Condensates Liquids obtained from natural gas, traditionally used as a

diluent to promote flow of heavy oils through a pipeline.

Crude oil A naturally occurring liquid mixture of hydrocarbons. It

includes complex hydrocarbon molecules. Crude oil is
often mixed with other substances such as natural gas,
carbon dioxide, salt water, sulfur compounds and sand,
which are separated from the liquid hydrocarbons in filed
processing facilities called batteries.

Custody transfer The legal transfer of petroleum products from a supplier

to a customer.

Denistometer A device that measures product density.

Diluent Liquids used to promote flow of heavy oils through

a pipeline.

Heavy oil Thicker grade of oil commonly used in asphalt road

construction but also for upgrading into lighter petroleum
products. Heavy oil sometimes requires the addition of
condensates to be able to flow through pipelines.

Hydrocarbons Compounds of hydrogen and carbon. The simplest

hydrocarbon is methane (CH4).

32
LNG Supercooled natural gas maintained as a liquid
(liquefied at -160˚C. LNG occupies 1/640th of its original volume
natural gas) and is therefore easier to transport if pipelines are
not available.

Natural gas Mainly methane, although it can exist in a form that is

naturally mixed with ethane, propane, butane and
other substances such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen,
sulfur compounds and helium. These compounds are
separated from the methane at processing plants
located near producing fields.

Oilsands A semisolid hydrocarbon mixture of sand and bitumen.

Also refers to the region around Fort McMurray, Alberta,
Canada, the world’s largest known bitumen resource.

Petroleum A general term for all naturally occurring hydrocarbons –

natural gas, natural gas liquids, crude oil and bitumen.

PEB Prefabricated electrical building supplied by specialty

packagers.

RTU A device that collects and sends data to the SCADA host
(remote system over a wired or wireless network.
terminal unit)

SAGD An in-situ oilsands extraction technique. Steam is pumped

(steam assisted into the ground over the course of months to mobilize the
gravity drainage) bitumen downward where a horizontal well pumps the
mixture to the surface.

SCADA A wire or wireless central control system used to monitor

(supervisory and maintain operations of larger pipelines.
control and data
acquisition)

Synthetic crude oil Oil upgraded from heavy oil or bitumen containing neither
residue nor very heavy components.

Tank farms Oil storage facilities.

Western Canada’s Prehistoric seabed stretching from the Rocky Mountain

Sedimentary Basin foothills to the border of Saskatchewan.
(WCSB)

33
 Notes

34

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Publishing : Schneider Electric Industries SAS February, 2006