Name Date

Bacteria and Viruses

Section 2 Viruses and Prions

Main Idea Details

Scan the table and time line in Section 2 of the chapter. Write three
facts you discovered about viruses from these elements.

1.

2.

3.

Review
Vocabulary Use your book or dictionary to define protein.
protein

New
Vocabulary Use the new vocabulary terms in the left column to complete the
following paragraph.
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

capsid A is genetic material within a protein coat, but

it has no organelles or other characteristics of life. The genetic
lysogenic cycle material lies inside its , or outer layer of protein. In
the , viral genes instruct the host cell to make
lytic cycle
many copies of the viral RNA or DNA. Some viruses replicate in a
, in which the viral DNA integrates into a host
prion
chromosome and lies dormant for some time. A ,
retrovirus such as the HIV virus, contains RNA instead of DNA. Mutation in
the genes of a normal protein called a is responsible
virus for diseases such as “mad cow.”

Academic
Vocabulary Define widespread to show its scientific meaning.
widespread

Bacteria and Viruses 183

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Section 2 Viruses and Prions (continued)

Main Idea Details

Viruses Model of one type of virus. Label its parts.

I found this information
on page .

Viral Infection Synthesize why many viruses cannot pass from one species to
I found this information another.
on page .

Label steps A, B, C, D, and E of a lytic cycle in the figure below.

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Use the following terms.
• Assembly • Attachment • Entry
• Lysis and Release • Replication
Bacteriophage
Bacterial DNA
Nucleic
acid

Bacterial
host cell

A B
The bacteriophage
injects its nucleic acid
into the bacterial cell.

E
The host cell breaks open and
releases new virus particles.

C
D The host’s
metabolic
New virus machinery makes
particles are viral nucleic acid
assembled. and proteins.

184 Bacteria and Viruses

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Section 2 Viruses and Prions (continued)

Main Idea Details

Sequence the steps of a lysogenic cycle.

Viral DNA integrates into a chromosome of a host cell.

Retroviruses Evaluate and discuss the role of reverse transcriptase in the

I found this information replication cycle of HIV.
on page .
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Prions Summarize information about prions by completing the table.

I found this information What is a prion? What causes a prion to become
on page . harmful?

How might humans contract a What is the result of prion

prion-caused disease? infection?

S UMM ARIZE Conclude whether viruses that replicate by the lytic cycle or
the lysogenic cycle are more dangerous. Explain your reasoning.

Bacteria and Viruses 185

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Tie It Together
Create a quiz to help you review key topics in this
S YNTHESIZE
chapter. Write one question with its answer for each major topic listed below.

Topic: Diversity of Prokaryotes Topic: Metabolism of Prokaryotes

Question: Question:

Answer: Answer:

Topic: Prokaryote Structure Topic: Ecology of Bacteria

Question: Question:

Answer: Answer:

Topic: Identifying Prokaryotes Topic: Viruses

Question: Question:

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Answer: Answer:

Topic: Reproduction of Prokaryotes Topic: Retroviruses

Question: Question:

Answer: Answer:

Topic: Survival of Bacteria Topic: Prions

Question: Question:

Answer: Answer:

186 Bacteria and Viruses