ASSIGNMENT OF DEVELOPMENT PLANNING

PAPER

“HOMELESS”

ARRANGED BY:

1. BENY HANANTO (C1G015014)

2. OLLYVIA RINDHA I P (C1G016028)
3. ELMI ZAKIYAH (C1G016032)
4. IBNU SADEWO (C1G016038)
5. WINIE SAFIRA (C1G016046)

INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

FACULTY OF ECONOMIC AND BUSINESS

UNIVERSITY OF JENDERAL SOEDIRMAN

PURWOKERTO

2018

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 PREFACE

Assalamu’alaikum wa rahmatullahi wa barakatuh.

Thanksgiving We pray for the presence of God Almighty because of his

grace, gift and wisdom so that we can complete the preparation of Development
Planning papers with sub-themes Homeless. Prayer and greetings are always upheld
for the Prophet Muhammad who opened the door of darkness to light.

For the completion of the preparation of this paper, please allow us to thank
Drs. Sri Nugroho, PR, MA. as an eye lecturer at Development Planning who has
guided us, as well as a teammate who has worked well together.

We hope that with this paper about pawnshops, we will be able to provide
new knowledge to our readers.

If in the preparation of this paper there are inaccurate words and writing
procedures, we ask the reader to give suggestions so that we can improve in the
future. Thanks.

Wassalamu’alaikum wa rahmatullahi wa barakatuh.

Purwokerto, December 8th 2018

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CONTENTS

PREFACE .................................................................................................... ii

CONTENTS ................................................................................................ iii

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ................................................................ 1

I.1 Background Problems .............................................................................. 1
I.2 Problem Formulation ............................................................................... 1
I.3 Purpose .................................................................................................... 2

CHAPTER II DISCUSSION...................................................................... 3
II.1 Definition of Homeless......................................................................... 3
II.2 Characteristic of Homeless................................................................... 4
II.3 Causes of Homeless.............................................................................. 4
II.4 The Reasons for Women being Homeless............................................ 6
II.5 The Problems Faced of Homeless......................................................... 8
II.6 Source Income of Homeless ................................................................. 8
II.7 Protection for Homelessness ................................................................ 9
II.8 Women’s Health of Homeless.............................................................. 10
II.9 Patter of Sexual Behavior of Homeless Women.................................. 12
II.10 Health Care for The Homeless............................................................13
II.11 Prevention of Homelessness............................................................... 14
II.12 Constraints in handling Homelessness............................................... 16

CHAPTER III CLOSING ......................................................................... 19

III.1 Conclusions .......................................................................................... 19
III.2 Suggestion ........................................................................................... 19

BIBLIOGRAPHY....................................................................................... 20

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 CHAPTER I
PRELIMINARY

I.1 Background
Homeless is a person who does not have a permanent residence and based
on various reasons must live under bridges, public parks, roadside, riverbanks, train
stations, or various other public facilities to sleep and carry out daily life. As a
border and private property, homeless people often use cardboard sheets, zinc or
aluminum sheets, plastic sheets, blankets, supermarket strollers, or tents in
accordance with geographical conditions and the country where the homeless are
located. To fulfill their daily needs, they often live from the mercy of others or work
as scavengers.
People who have a tradition of living in tents like in Mongolia cannot be
said to be homeless. In developed countries, there are people who decide to be
homeless not because of poverty or lack of money, but want to be free from family
or responsibility. In the United States, industrialist Howard Hughes has temporarily
decided to become homeless. During the Vietnam War young people from the
United States intentionally wanted to be homeless, because people without clear
addresses did not receive military conscription invitations. Homelessness is a term
with a negative connotation directed at people who are experiencing homelessness.

I.2 Problem Formulation

The problem that the author will discuss this time is:
1. What is the definition of homeless?
2. What is the characteristic of homeless?
3. What is causes of homeless?
4. What is the reasons for women being homeless?
5. What are the problems faced of homeless?
6. How to source income from homeless?
7. How to protection for homelessness?
8. How women’s health of homeless?
9. How patter of sexual behavior of homeless women?

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 10. How health care for the homeless?
11. What is the prevention of homelessness?
12. What is the constraints in handling homelessness?

I.2 Purposes
1. To know the definition of homeless.
2. To know the characteristic of homeless.
3. To know causes of homeless.
4. To know the reasons for women being homeless.
5. To know the problems faced of homeless.
6. To know source income from homeless.
7. To know protection for homelessness.
8. To know women’s health of homeless.
9. To know patter of sexual behavior of homeless women.
10. To know health care for the homeless.
11. To know the prevention of homelessness.
12. To know what is the constrains in handling homelessness.

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 CHAPTER II
DISCUSSION

II.1 Definition of Homeless

Homeless or homeless people who live in a situation not in accordance with
the norms of decent living in the local community, and do not have a place to live
and work that remains in a certain area and lives wandering in public places.
Whereas, beggars are people who earn income by begging in public with various
ways and reasons to expect mercy from others. (Anon., 1980). Humaidi, (2003)
states that homelessness comes from the midfielder word which means always
wandering, or wandering (lelana).
According to Muthalib and Sudjarwo (in IqBali, 2005) there are three
general descriptions of vagrant, namely (1) a group of people who are poor or
impoverished by their community, (2) people who are excluded from the lives of
the general public, and (3) people who are patterned to survive in poverty and
alienation. Ali, et al. (1990) also described homeless livelihoods in Kartasura such
as scavengers, beggars, shoe polishers, pedicab drivers, food vendors, and street
singers.
Homeless people describe the condition of the people who used to live
without shelter. Homeless people are unable or unwilling to get and maintain a safe
place to live, and adequate housing, or are not "fixed, organized, and sufficient to
stay at night."
The legal definition of "homelessness" varies from country to country, or
between different entities or institutions in the same country or region.
Long homeless people may also include people who stay at night in
homeless shelters, a heating center, a shelter for victims of domestic violence.
According to enumeration studies the Government of the homeless also includes
people who sleep in public or private places not designed to be used as ordinary
sleeping accommodations for humans.
The UN Agency or through a vote in the General Assembly agreed that
homelessness seen from conditions included: People are assumed to have no other

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property that is habitable. The source of their income to pay rent is unstable or the
amount of money available for food is not stable.

II.2 Characteristic of Homeless

1. Homeless people do not have jobs
2. The physical condition of the homeless can be considered unhealthy because
environmental conditions are of concern.
3. Homeless people usually search for goods or food at places to fulfill their daily
needs.
4. Homeless people live freely not dependent on other people or their families.
- Homelessness is divided into three, namely:
1) Ordinary homeless people, ie they have jobs but do not have permanent
housing.
2) Employment, namely those who do not have jobs and do not have
permanent housing.
3) Disability employment, ie those who do not have work and do not have a
place to live, also have physical and spiritual deficiencies.

II.3 Causes of Homeless

Meanwhile Alkostar (1984) in his research on the life of the homeless saw
that the occurrence of homeless and beggars can be divided into two factors, namely
internal factors and external factors. Internal factors include laziness, unwillingness
to work, not strong mentality, physical disability or psychological disability. While
external factors include social, cultural, economic, educational, environmental,
religious and geographical factors.
The main reasons and causes for homelessness documented by many reports
and studies include:
1. Unavailability of jobs.
2. Poverty, caused by many factors including unemployment and
underemployment.
3. People who have some types of chronic and debilitating illnesses but cannot
get good health services because they do not have the money to buy them or

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4. because the government will not give them too weak to go and work every day
so they remain poor and homeless.
5. Abuse by the government and by others because of power.
6. War or armed conflict.
7. Mental disorders, where mental health services are not available. A United
States Federal survey conducted in 2005 showed that at least one third of
homeless men and women had serious mental disorders or problems.
8. Defects, especially where the services of non-existing or poor disabled people
have problems.
9. Social exclusion, including because of sexual orientation and gender identity
10. Domestic violence.
11. Relationship damage, especially in relation to young people and their parents.
12. Prison releases and re-enters the community.
13. Disasters, including but not limited to earthquakes and storms.
14. Forced evictions, many countries lost their homes to government houses to
make way for newer class buildings, multi-story highways, and others.
Government needs In the compensation may be minimal, in this case the first
occupants can not find suitable new housing and become homeless.
15. Mortgage foreclosures where the pawning holder sees the best solution to
default this loan is to take and sell the house to pay off the debt.
16. Confiscation of landlords often causes eviction from their tenants.
17. Crime - Some are homeless because of crimes committed and therefore hide
from the authorities.
There are various reasons that make someone or the elderly choose to live
his life as a Homeless person. Starting from psychological problems, estrangement
of relationships with parents, or the desire to live freely. But the most common
reason is the failure of migrants to find work.
The stories in the hometown about the success of the nomads often become
a cradle for the sons of the region to participate in enlivening competition in the big
city. Some of them are indeed successful, but most of the nomads are less aware
that capable skills are the main capital in the overseas. So that those who fail to

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embrace their dreams, continue their lives as homeless because of embarrassment
when returning home.
Population problems in Indonesia in general have long brought further
problems, namely the provision of jobs. And if we review the current situation,
equitable employment in Indonesia is still lacking. So that large cities generally
have more and bigger jobs than small cities.
This is the reason for the reluctance of homeless people to return to their
area apart from feeling embarrassed because they think that their area has jobs that
are narrower than the place where they live now. They decided to keep begging,
busking, scavenging, and selling as little as possible so that a better job was to pick
them up. Besides that, the problem that until now has not been overcome is poverty
which greatly influences the emergence of homelessness in the elderly. The
problem that was felt by the poor was their socio-economic problems, namely
because they did not have enough economy they could not buy a house so they
decided to become homeless (homeless).

II.4 The Reasons for Women being Homeless

There are various reasons that make a woman choose to live her life as a
Homeless person. Starting from psychological problems, estrangement of
relationships with family, or the desire to live freely. But the most common reason
is the failure of migrants to find work. The stories in the hometown about the
success of the nomads often become a cradle for local sons to participate in
enlivening competition in the big city. Some of them are indeed successful, but
most of the nomads are less aware that capable skills are the main capital in the
overseas. So that those who failed in embracing his dream, continued his life as
homeless because the reason for tang was very classic, namely shame when
returning home.
The problem of population in Indonesia in general has long brought a further
problem, namely the provision of jobs. And if we review the current situation,
equitable employment in Indonesia is still lacking. So that large cities generally
have more jobs and are bigger than cities - small.

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 This is the reason for the reluctance of homeless people to return to their
area other than because they feel embarrassed because they think that their area has
jobs that are narrower than the place where they live now.
The factors behind a woman living as a homeless person in a big city than
they live in the area of origin:
1. Natural assets:
Like land and water, most villagers only control land that is inadequate for their
livelihoods so they flock to urbanization to try their luck, which in turn they
are trapped in a never-ending situation.
2. Human assets
The quality of human resources is still low compared to urban communities
(level of education, knowledge, skills and level of health and mastery of
technology), where a woman in the village is discriminated against with a man
/ woman who cannot go to high school because eventually they will go down
to kitchen.
3. Physical assets
Lack of access to infrastructure and public facilities such as communication
networks that make these women increasingly left behind and don't even know
anything about the outside world of their area of origin. So that they always
think positively there will be a better life change if they go to the city, even
though the opposite is true.
4. Financial assets
The lack of funds owned as business capital in the city makes them only rely
on what they have. If only a woman has energy, they will use their energy to
meet their needs which is certainly not enough. So that not infrequently a
homeless woman sells herself or works as a prostitute. For the lowest level,
they choose to become a beggar or busker.
5. Social assets
In the form of networks, contacts and political influence, in this case the
strength of bargaining positions in making political decisions. Of course a
village woman doesn't know this. They only know about how they can eat
today, whether tomorrow.

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II.5 The Problems Faced of Homeless
The basic problem of homelessness is the human need for personal warmth,
shelter and safety. Other basic difficulties include:
1. personal security, calm, and privacy, especially for sleep
2. custody of bedding, clothing and property, which may have to be done at
any time
3. cleanliness and sanitation facilities
4. cleaning and drying of clothes
5. get, prepare and store large quantities of food
6. hostility and legal force against urban tourism.
Homeless people face many problems beyond the lack of safe and suitable
homes. They are often faced with social losses which also reduce private access and
public services and reduced access to important needs:
1. Reduced access to health care and dental health services.
2. Limited access to education.
3. Increased risk of suffering from violence and abuse.
4. General rejection or discrimination from others.
5. Losing ordinary relations with the mainstream
6. Not seen as suitable for work.
7. Reducing access to banking services
8. Reducing access to communication technology

II.6 Source Income of Homeless

Many non-profit organizations such as Goodwill Industries maintain a
mission to "provide opportunities for development and work skills for people with
barriers to employment", although most of these organizations are not primarily
directed towards homeless individuals. Many cities also have street newspapers or
magazines: publications are designed to provide employment opportunities to
homeless people or other people in need through street sales.
While some homeless people have decent jobs, some have to look for other
methods to make money. Begging or panhandling is an option, but it is becoming

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increasingly illegal in many cities. Performing tricks, playing music, drawing on
the sidewalk, or offering other forms of entertainment in exchange for donations.
Homeless people who commit crimes are known only to be sent to prisons
or prisons for food and shelter. In police slang, this is called "three crush and divan"
refers to three hot daily meals and sleeping cots are given to prisoners.

II.7 Protection for Homelessness

There are many places where homeless people might seek protection:
1. Outdoor: On land or in sleeping bags, tents, or improvised shelters, such as
large cardboard boxes, trash bins, in parks or vacant lots.
2. City Tents: Tent camps and improvised shelters consisting of tarps and blankets
often close to industry and institutions categorized as real estate. A city of
several more complicated tents, such as Desa Martabat, is actually a hybrid of
city tents and slums. City tents often consist of tents and improvised fabric only
structures, without semi-permanent wooden structures at all.
3. Slum: living sites improvise shelters and shacks, usually near rail meters, high
interstates and transportation veins. Some slum cities have interstitial tent
areas, but the main features consist of hard structures. Each site pad tends to
accumulate roof, sheath, plywood, and nailed two by crawling.
4. Neglected
5. Squatting in an empty house where homeless people can live without payment
and without the owner of knowledge or permission.
6. Vehicles: cars or trucks that are used as long-term sometimes live displaced or
temporary lives, for example with people recently expelled from home. Some
people live in vans, sport utility vehicles, closed pick-up trucks, station wagons,
sedans, or hatchbacks. Many cities now have secure parking programs on
legitimate sites permitted in the church or out of the way.
7. Public places: Parks, buses or train stations, public libraries, airports, public
transport vehicles (with continuous rides where unlimited trails are available)
hospital lobbies, or waiting rooms, and 24 o'clock businesses like Many coffee
shops public places use security officers or police to prevent people from

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 wandering or sleeping in these locations for various reasons, including images,
security and comfort.
8. Boarding houses: Also called flophouses, they offer cheap, low-quality while
lodging.
9. Housing, where beds as opposed to all rooms can be rented cheaply in a
dormitory-like environment.
10. underground tunnels such as abandoned subway, maintenance, or railway
tunnels are popular among permanent homeless people.

II.8 Women’s Health of Homeless

Concept of Thinking About Women's Reproductive Health Health
development aims to enhance the degree of public health. in order to achieve a high
degree of health, women as health recipients, family members and health care
providers must play a role in the family, so that children grow up to mature as young
people. Based on thinking above women's health is the most important aspect due
to its influence on children's health. Therefore women are given the freedom to
determine the best thing according to themselves according to their needs where
they themselves decide on their own bodies.
However, various problems arise along with the rapidly growing
homelessness of women in big cities. They have ignored voices calling for their
rights regarding the good reproductive health of women. Their reproductive health
is in disarray, they do not ignore the slogans so that a woman takes care of her
reproductive organs, because the shoots of the nation are healthy, born of healthy
mothers as well. But assuming they are different, the more children born from their
wombs, the later they will help the mother to work as a street singer or street beggar.
This is because, they have been trapped in the cruelty of the street life they have
lived so far.
Because of their self-thinking, their health insurance is low, and there is no
social security to survive and to maintain their survival later. In terms of cleanliness
and health, their homes are makeshift, far from the criteria of a healthy, dirty house,
poor ventilation, lack of lighting, the need for bathing, washing and cooking units

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that do not meet the criteria, so that the health conditions of the homeless, especially
women, get worse.
Indicators of women's reproductive health problems on the streets or the
homeless include:
1. Gender:
The role of each male and female based on sex according to different cultures.
Gender as a social construct influences the level of health, and because gender
roles differ in a cross cultural context means that women's health levels also
vary.
2. Poverty, among others, results in:
- Insufficient food or malnourished foods
- Poor water supply, poor sanitation and inadequate housing.
- Not getting good service.
3. Low education:
Poverty affects the opportunity to get education. Opportunities for schooling
are not the same for all but depend on the ability to finance. In situations of
cost difficulties boys are preferred because men are considered as the main
breadwinner in the family. In this case it is not just an indicator of poverty that
influences but also gender influences education. This level of education affects
the level of health. Educated people usually have a greater understanding of
health problems and their prevention. At a minimum, having an adequate
education, one can search for burrows, take care of oneself, and participate in
making decisions in family and society.
4. Young marriage:
In developing countries including Indonesia there are still many young
marriages (usually under the age of 18). This is a lot of cultures that assume
that if they are not married at a certain age it is considered not selling well.
There is also because of poverty, parents quickly marry their children to escape
their responsibilities and are handed over to their husbands by their daughters.
This means that young pregnant women have a high risk of labor. In addition,
the risk of death rates is twice that of women who are married at the age of 20.

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 Another impact, they drop out of school, will ultimately depend on their
husband in both the economy and decision making.
Whereas problems that arise with the increasing number of homeless
women, among others:
a) Sexual harassment
b) Violence
c) Rape
d) Force to enter the world of prostitution
e) Women who are traded
f) Slavery
g) Complications of various diseases

II.9 Patter of Sexual Behavior of Homeless Women

The pattern of behavior of girls or women that occur in street life that starts
from school age to adulthood is almost the same, as if what they are doing is a very
ordinary thing, of course, between them. Here's an example:
1. Free Sex:
From early sexual behavior, female street children, who start free sex, are street
children under the age of 14 and some do it with their own siblings. This causes
street children vulnerable to venereal diseases such as HIV or AIDS.
2. Use of Drugs:
Street children of women are willing to do anything (seize, steal, buy, have sex)
which is important to get money to buy liquor, pills and other additives. They
use it because they want to grow courage when doing activities on the streets.
3. Crime:
Activities that can be categorized as criminal acts are known to have been
carried out by female street children, namely extorting, stealing, picking and
distributing pills. Criminal acts against street children are also carried out by
security officers such as the Police, Satpol PP, TNI, Government Information
and Communication Office, DLLAJ. The Government's social division at the
time of conducting raids operations on street children, homeless people,

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 prostituted children and commercial sex workers with inhumane and sadistic
treatment.
4. Sexual Exploitation:
The existence of female street children who live on the streets is very
vulnerable to exploitation, especially sexual exploitation such as harassment,
sexual abuse, rape, child abuse in prostitution and an indication of child
trafficking outside the area, especially Riau and Batam.
5. Drop out of School:
Street children who used to go to this school experienced a lot of violence in
schools such as mistreatment by their friends and teachers.
Of course the things listed above are the bitter truths experienced by a
woman in the street world who are considered very cruel. Because of the above
actions, not only the reproductive health of those who experience disorders, but
their mental health. Especially if a person is sexually abused. The trauma brought
on by the sexual harassment will be carried on to adulthood later, which of course
will greatly disrupt the development of the girl.

II.10 Health Care for The Homeless

Health care for the homeless is a major public health challenge. Homeless
people are more likely to suffer injuries and medical problems from their lifestyle
on the road, which includes malnutrition, substance abuse, exposure to severe
weather elements, and higher exposure to violence (robbery, beatings, etc.). But at
the same time, they have little access to public health services or clinics.
There is a big challenge in treating homeless people who have psychiatric
disorders. Therefore many people with psychiatric disorders lose their homes.
Homeless people often find it difficult to document their birth dates or
addresses. Because homeless people usually have no place to store property, they
often lose their belongings, including identification and other documents.
Without an identity card, homeless people cannot get jobs or access to many
social services.

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 Skin diseases, including scabies, are common because homeless people are
exposed to extreme cold in winter and they have little access to bathing facilities.
Diabetes, especially untreated, is widespread in the homeless population.
There are many organizations providing free services to homeless people
organized by the state, but these services are in great demand given the limited
number of medical practitioners.
Infectious diseases that are of great concern, especially tuberculosis, are
more easily spread in crowded homeless shelters in cities. And it has become an
ongoing concern and studies of the health and well-being of elderly homeless
people, usually aged 50-64 years, and even older.

II.11 Prevention of Homelessness

The problem of homelessness up to now is an inexhaustible problem,
because it is related to one another with aspects of life. But the government is also
inexhaustible trying to overcome it. By trying to find motivation through persuasion
and education for homeless people so that they recognize the potential that exists in
them, so that they grow their desires and try to live better.
The policies carried out by the government, especially the Regional
Government (Pemda) have tended to be less touching on stakeholders, or parties
related to problems in regulations. One example of handling Regarding
homelessness carried out by the DKI Jakarta Regional Government in 2007 was the
making of a Regional Regulation on Public Order. Perda which is a revision of
Perda No. 11 of 1988 concerning Public Order, among others, contained a
prohibition on residents to become beggars, buskers, hawkers, car smokers, or being
people who told others to carry out such activities.
This regulation directly has a major impact on the homeless, considering
that the Homeless have not been subjected to mechanisms regarding their survival.
The mechanism that might be rather good is the construction of a Social Home that
houses the homeless (homeless). But once again, the effectiveness is felt lacking
because this Social Institution actually hasn't touched the real problem of the
homeless, namely the reluctance to return to their homeland. So what happens in
the practice of social coaching is the homeless people who go out into social care

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institutions. Handling of homeless people is regulated in the State Constitution of
the Republic of Indonesia Article 34 Paragraph (1) which reads, "The poor and
neglected children are cared for by the state" actually guarantees the fate of this
people. However, the Law has not been able to be implemented at all levels of
society, because government policies have been policies that touch the urban world
macroscopically and not microscopically. Local governments tend to implement
policies that do not provide further mechanisms to stakeholders so that they are
impressed to make things better, they sacrifice the individual rights of others
The research on how to deal with homelessness is applied in several stages,
namely as follows:
1. Preparation Phase:
Because homeless people usually do not have a place to live, an essential thing
is if they are overcome by motivating them to collect together in one place,
such as a dormitory or social institution. The purpose of this stage is to try to
enter or recognize the activities or lives of the Homeless.
2. Adjustment Stage:
After the homeless are collected, then they must learn to adjust to the new
environment, where special rules apply.
3. Staged Education Stages:
After a number of homeless people in the neighborhood, evaluations were held
regarding their potential to learn with the intention of getting a more decent
education.
In addition, below is a solution to dealing with Homelessness, namely:
1) The government's job to deal with urban problems in general and homeless in
particular is to provide more jobs in small cities.
2) Government development plans should prioritize development evenly so that
there are no "mountains and valleys" in the country, development should be
carried out in a pattern "from village to city" and not vice versa. So, each
regional son will build his own area and prosper his life.
3) Providing guidance to the homeless can be done through nursing homes and
non-nursing homes, but the coach must know the origin of the area and
identify the causes that cause them to become persons with social problems.

16
 4) If the homeless are caused by economic factors or inadequate income, they
can be given provisions in the form of training according to the potential that
is there, in addition to business capital assistance.
5) Return homeless people to their respective villages.
6) The government or community holds a Non-Formal Education Program for
the homeless, so that in this way the Homeless get knowledge.
With a mechanism that touches on the basic problems of the Homeless, it is
hoped that the problem of homelessness in big cities can be overcome without
harming their individual rights and instead can bring homeless people to a better
life.
However, the mechanism above is a long-term action and requires a long
time to be realized, so that good cooperation between generations of government is
needed so that it can be realized and ultimately the nation's welfare can be more
easily achieved.

II.12 Constraints in handling Homelessness

The obstacles that make it difficult for efforts to handle homeless people
are:
1. The allocation of funds for handling Homelessness is relatively small.
2. Efforts to deal with Homelessness often stop at a punitive-repressive approach.
3. Handling efforts are often not supported by Local Government policies.
4. Lack of participation and attention from the government.
5. poverty has not been reached
And the accompanying program comes from the government and from the
community. Companions from the government are: Family Planning Field
Extension (PLKB), Cooperative Field Extension, Health Field Extension, Social
Extension (Social Workers), Agricultural Field Extension, Ranch Field Extension.
Whereas from the assisting officers from the community elements consisted of:
Neighborhood Unit (RT), Neighborhood Unit (RW), Village Head, Village
Midwife, Teacher, NGO.
The intended companion is a person known to the public and often provides
guidance and counseling relating to each of their fields. From the knowledge

16
aspect, companions from KB, Agriculture and livestock are rated in good
categories. They can explain well about the benefits, objectives and ways that must
be followed in a program offered. Program facilitators from social, RT, RW,
hamlet heads are in the medium category, the reason being the programs offered
are not yet fully understood.
The companion criteria for the program they want are:
1. Have knowledge and skills that are in accordance with the program.
2. Understand the problems experienced by beneficiaries.
3. Know the type of assistance that is appropriate for your needs.
4. Does not work concurrently.
5. Residents of the local kelurahan.
6. Young adults (minimum 18 years).
The expected attitudes and behaviors of companion include:
1. Be patient but sensitive to situations and conditions.
2. Creative
3. Want to hear and not dominate
4. Respect and be open
5. Be friendly and fuse
6. Not patronizing
7. Authority
8. Not impartial, judge and criticize
9. Be positive
10. Want to learn from experience
The criteria for the institution that is expected to be a program companion
include:
1. Have a clear office / secretariat
2. Have a clear and adequate source of funds
3. Have adequate human resources
4. Transparent in accountability
5. Easy and fast in providing service (not complicated)
6. Partnering with local social organizations

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7. Avoid using socio-religious organizations, because it can make jealousy of
other religions.
The form of assistance that respondents expect from respondents in coastal
villages is business capital in the form of production equipment, such as boats,
coconut measuring machines, fishing nets, while in village and city types, they
prefer livestock business such as sheep, cattle, chicken and so on, but that is in
accordance with the environmental conditions. While respondents in cities prefer
capital assistance in the form of money. However, respondents suggested that
before receiving assistance from productive economic enterprises, practical skills
should be given to be able to manage and develop assistance well.

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 CHAPTER III
CLOSING

III.1 Conclusions
Homeless people are people who do not have a permanent place of
residence and based on various reasons must live under bridges, public parks,
roadside, riverbanks, train stations, or various other public facilities to sleep and
carry out daily life Homelessness also causes various health problems.
Homelessness in various countries, including in Indonesia, is a problem that is very
difficult to handle and violates the law and also greatly disrupts the welfare of a
country or city.
Homelessness is a very big problem facing the country. Millions of people,
including children, families, babies, veterans, and the elderly live day by day
without food, water or a roof over their heads. People who are mentally ill also have
difficulty on the road, which can be very confusing for them, and dangerous for
other people. This problem must be resolved immediately, and therefore must be
dealt with as a major crisis affecting our society.
Handling of Homeless people is regulated in the State Constitution of the
Republic of Indonesia Article 34 Paragraph (1) which reads, "The poor and
neglected children are cared for by the state" actually guarantees the fate of this
people.

III.2 Suggestion
It is expected that the government will participate more and give more
attention in dealing with the problems of the homeless. With the increasing number
of homeless people on the streets, it is expected that readers and the government
can better understand the difficulties of living on the streets. Readers are also
expected to be able to involve themselves in an effort to minimize the swelling of
the number of homeless people by holding counseling and self-briefing in the
countryside on how difficult it is to live in the city. The government should also be
able to increase employment in the villages so that homeless people, especially
women, do not need to go in droves to the city to become a homeless person.

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 BIBLIOGRAPHY

http://lingkupbidan.blogspot.com/2013/12/homeless.html

https://agzniabintari.wordpress.com/2012/12/19/homeless/

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