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INTRODUCTION

Background of the study

Antimicrobials are produced by some microorganisms in very small quantities that act against
other microorganisms. It can either kill (microbicidal) or inhibit the growth of other pathogens
(microbiostatic). Antimicrobials include antibacterial, antivirus, antifungal, and anti-protozoan. Some
antimicrobials can increase the chance of a bacteria to develop resistance. Microorganisms that are more
susceptible to antimicrobials are eliminated while those that remain pass on their resistance to other
microorganisms through sharing of gentic codes like bacteria. This deepening concern troubles the
scientific community which now lead to intensive studies on natural antimicrobials.

A research on the use of natural antimicrobials by Palaniappan K and Holley RA, Department of
Fppd Science, University of Manitoba in 2010 by shows that plant-derived antibacterial compounds can
increase the antibiotic susceptibility of drug resistant bacteria. Natural antimicrobials l;ike thymol,
eugenol, carvacol, cinnamaldehyde and allyl isothiocyanate when paired with other antibiotics has been
proven to bw highly effective in reducing the resistance of Salmonella Typhimurium SGI against
ampillicin, tetracycline, penicillin, bacitracin., Erythromycin, etc. It also has a similar effect on
Streptococcus pyogenes ermB and Escherichia coli NOO 666.

Moreover, phenol compounds exhibit antimicrobial properties. Phenol is used as a disinfectant. It


kills a pathogen by inactivating its enzymes. These compounds can be found in plants. Thus,

Studies have shown the antimicrobial properties of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum).

Objectives

This study aims to prove that the vegetable peels of Lagenaria Siceraria, Raphanus
raphanistrum, Solanum lycopersicum, Solanum tuberosum, and Cucumis Sativus can be used as an agent
in antibacterial activity against E.coli and S. Typhimurium.

Significance of the study

This studydemonstrate the antibacterial activity of the peel extract from Lagenaria Siceraria,
Raphanus raphanistrum, Solanum lycopersicum, Solanum tuberosum, and Cucumis Sativus against
model bacteria; Escherichia coli and Salmonella Typhimurium.

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