SITE: GUA MUSANG

2018

TUTOR: MR KEITH
GROUP MEMBERS:
HONG SEO TAEK
LOY CHEN HUEY

SITE ANALYSIS REPORT

DAVINA PRABAGARAN
DARISHINI ANADAN
LEE JUN YEN
LOCATION PLAN
(MACRO & MICRO)
KAMPUNG PULAI

LOCATION: Kampung Pulai18300 Gua Musang, Kelantan

Our site is located in Kampung Pulai, Gua Musang, Kelantan,

Malaysia. A traditional village surrounded by limestone hills,
8km away from Gua Musang. The village was settled centuries
ago by the Hakka people from Cina. In the village resides the
Water Moon Temple and not far off from the north east side of
the temple sits the Princess Hill.

zoom focus on site

temple site
river site

MACRO SITE MICRO SITE

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TOPOGRAPHY

Due to the area situated around several

limestone hills, the village is subjected to
several slopes and uneven terrain. That
being said, our site is located at the foot of
a hill, surrounded by relatively flat lands.

At the North-West side of the village resides

the Princess Hill, represented by the sudden
rise of land across the lake.

Dividing the lake and the village is the River

Galas, also known as the Kelantan River.

LOW SLOPES

MEDIUM SLOPES

HIGH GROUND

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MAJOR LANDMARKS
BRIDGE CROSSING TO RUBBER TREE PLANTATION
PRINCESS HILL PRINCESS HILL

WATER MOON TEMPLE RESIDENTIAL AREAS

SITE LOCATION

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 SUN PATH & ORIENTATION

AFTERNOON
SUN
12PM-3PM The Sun path as seen in the diagram wil first hit
the restaurants, which would be a great
impact on place. The locals can have their
breakfast and watch as the sunlight slowly
emerges and signaling the start of the day.

At noon the Sun will be directly above the

temples which would create a strong impor-
tance regarding the structure. Since the
temple is the most important part of Kampung
Pulai, the overhead Sun will emphasize it more.
EVENING When the Sun sets, it will hit areas such as the
MORNING SUN Visitor Interpretive Center building. The people
SUN 4PM-7PM gathered at that building can watch as the
7AM-11AM Sun goes down, a very nice way of ending a
day’s work. .

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TEMPERATURE AND CLIMATE

Average temperatures and precipitation

Kampung Pulai experience weather almost

similar to the rest of Malaysia with hot and dry
weather at the beginning of the year with
temperatures as high as 33 degrees celcius
and experience heavy rainfalls near the end
of the year as presented by high precipitation
amounts and a drop in temperatures reaching
as low as 22 degrees celcius.

Cloudy, sunny, and precipitation days

The graph shows the monthly number of sunny, partly

cloudy, overcast and precipitation days followed by a
line graph of days with high precipitation.

January to March is the only time in Kampung Pulai to

have the most sunny days overall. While August to No-
vember is overcasted with clouds which may signify
rainfail, hence the precipitation graph followed by
overcasted days

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TEMPERATURE AND CLIMATE

Maximum Temperatures

Maximum temperatures above 30 degrees have

been shown to have a slow drop approaching
the end of the year. Temperatures below 20 de-
grees have been shown to only appear around
January and December, only to slowly subisde
into June and rise again.

Precipation Amounts

The precipitation graph shows that starting from

May, the amount of rainfall Kampung Pulai re-
ceives steadily increases and reaches its peak at
September and November with numbers as high
a 20-50mm for as long as 3 days.

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TEMPERATURE AND CLIMATE

Wind Speed

The bar wind graph shows the speed of the wind

and the amount of days Kampung Pulai receives.
As show in the graphs, from December to March
the village will experience winds that hit below 12
km/h as the highest wind peaks, and slowly drop-
ping into consistent below 5km/h winds ap-
proaching July.

Wind Rose

The Wind Rose shows the direction of the wind

flow with the fastest winds approaching from the
North-East and from the South.

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 SITE CONTEXT
VEHICULAR CIRCULATION

Kampung Pulai is adjacent to two other villages which

are Kampung Tanah Puteh and Kampung Sungai Tupai,
both which are 15 and 17 minutes away respectively
from Kampung Pulai via car. The first tarred road that
leads from Gua Musang to this backwater town was
only built in 1988. (Pulai.org, 2014)

Besides, Kampung Pulai is located at a most remote lo-

cation compared to these two villages as it is situated
the farthest end of the main road. It is located 8 km
away from Gua Musang.

Very few vehicles are seen on the main road leading to

the site as it leads to a dead end although a number of
motorcycles were seen passing through the temple
compound as it serves as a main commute for the villag-
ers.
The volume of vehicle density is seen to be at a minimal
amount in the area.
An increment of vehicles is only seen when there are
events or festivals held within the temple compound

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SITE CONTEXT
Access roads to Kampung Pulai

PEDESTRIAN CIRCULATION
Pedestrian circulation mostly happen on the temple com-
pound.
Fast pace circulation are inclined to happen as there is mini-
mal shaded area within the open spaces so users would not
want to linger around.

HOW LANDSCAPE AFFECTS CIRCULATION

Designated pathway with screed finishing built around the
temple compound enable users to walk at a faster speed
since the ground is even.

ACCESSBILITY
Kampung Pulai is accessible only from two roads. Both
streets are exceptionally quiet as there isn’t much vehicles
which pass by.

Pedestrian Circulation Path

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NEIGHBOURING CONTEXT PAVILLIONS

CAR PARK

BAR AND CAFE

PUBLIC GATHERING HALL

WATER MOON TEMPLE

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ACTIVITIES AROUND SITE

ACTIVE ACTIVITIES PASSIVE ACTIVITIES

PERFORMANCE AREA DINING AREA

GATHERING SPOT PRAYING AREA

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VIEWS AND VISTAS
BEST VIEWS FROM DIFFERENT SITES
VIEWS FROM MACRO SITE

Viewpoint 1- Viewpoint 2- Sungai galas Viewpoint 3- Beauty of

Interior of shui the nature and man-
yue temple made structures

PRINCESS HILL VIEWS FROM OPPOSITE SIDE OF MACRO SITE

Viewpoint 4- from Viewpoint 5- An Viewpoint 6- Rubber tree plantation

caves in the princess abandoned lake
hill in the forest

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DIFFERENT VIEWS OF THE SITE

ZHI XIA TEMPLE

DRONE VIEW

PATHWAY TO
RUBBER PLANTATION

GALAS RIVER

MAIN ROAD

SHUI YUE TEMPLE

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HUMAN CULTURE

COMMUNITY OF KAMPUNG PULAI

They are one large group of Chinese ethnic
people that their ancestors from over 600 years
ago came to this settlement. They helped one
another, from setting up festivals to purchasing of
products from outside Kampung Pulai. They rely
on each other to maintain the place.

CULTURE OF KAMPUNG PULAI

It is mainly traditional, worshipping multi-
ple deities. The most prominent one is
Quan Yin (God of Mercy) which the
temple is built based upon. There is also a
statue of her at Zi XIa cave near the Kam-
pung. The people there also hold festi-
vals in the honor of their ancestors and
their beliefs, the biggest one would be
the Mooncake Festival.

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NOISE, ODOUR, POLLUTION

There are a few cars packed at the

side of a tent adjacent to the storage
area. There are not many cars to begin
with so there is less carbon monoxide in
the air, which is good for the site. There
is not many cars due to the fact that
Kampung Pulai is rather secluded.

There is a fair amount of people in the

area. Most of them can be found
The main river of the site, Galas River is
sitting inside and outside of nearby
murky in appearance and the water is
restaurants. The number of people are
unclear due to the many years of gold
not that many to begin with so the
panning. The river appears dead, as it
amount of noise generated in Kam-
is very still and may possess life in it but
pung Pulai is at tolerable levels.
scarce. It is surrounded by overhanging
trees that some have fallen into the
river either due to old age or wind.

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 LANDSCAPE

The shrub located near the en-

trance is most likely Zephyranthes
candida also known as white
windflower. The leaves are a
deep glossy green and grows
best in full sun to part shade. It is
also a shrub that is resilient, able
to withstand Kampung Pulai’s
weather.

One of the tallest tree is located

behind the gazebo. The scientific
name is Khaya senegalensis also refer
to as dry zone mahogany. It is about
18m in height. The nature of the tree is The soil is dry, mainly due to the heat
well known for its robustness and dura- and weather of Kampung Pulai.It is not
bility, making it an ideal tree for Kam- that well maintained as foliages can
pung Pulai. be seen on top of it. There is still plant
life growing from it which indicates that
the soil still has nutrients in it.

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 SWOT ANALYSIS
STRENGTHS OPPURTUNITIES
Has ample shading and away It can hold a small gazebo or seating
from the usual path of the Kam- area, much better than the one al-
pung Pulai which makes it quiet ready there. It can also hold small
and serene. It has a tranquil events or plays as well.
state.

WEAKNESSES THREAT
If not taken care properly, the number
It is surrounded by bugs. Mosqui-
of insects and potential dangerous
toes and large ants are the most
reptiles like snakes or big lizards can
noticeable and can get quite an-
manifester in the area. Proper mainte-
noying as well.
nance is needed for this place.

This space is located near an enclosed area to the right before cross-
ing the bridge. It is somewhat isolated and secluded from the rest of
the nearby buildings and temples. The space itself can be deemed as
a negative space, since most of it its hidden and away from the usual
path of Kampung Pulai. This area can be used as a resting spot, away
from the scorching Sun. There are a few benches to sit upon and its
surrounded by thick plants, mainly bamboo. This place adds a nice
contrast to the usual area of the Kampung. By diverting a little from
the main path the amount of difference in the surrounding view is

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astonishing.
SURFACES AND MATERIALS

One of the most common materials found on the

site is timber. This is widely used especially for the
temples and the bridge. Timber is an easy material
to work with which can be carved out to create
intricate patterns and designs. The material is also
strong in nature, able to withstand considerable
loads before splitting. This is why the bridge uses this
material, and why it still survives to this day. Besides
that, iron sheets is used for the storage structure in
Kampung Pulai. The reason being is that the mate-
rial is waterproof, windproof and does not get
damage by the heat. It is an ideal material which
has very few weaknesses.

The surface of the temple is filled with bumps since

many details are carved on it. Some parts are
smooth like on the walls but the opposite when it
comes to the roof. Other structures like the bridge
and the storage area are smooth since it is needed
for safety reasons. The bridge needs to be smooth
for people to cross over and the storage area
needs to be easily accessible and safe to handle,
having a smooth surface helps it.

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 HISTORY
Surrounded by trees and hills, a biggest Hakka-Chinese settlement is situated in the north
of Kalantan has become heir to a history of considerable interest to present-day Malay-
sia.

Many years ago, there are a group of minority nomad named Hakka from northern
china progressively migrated to southern, living in extraordinary but discontinuous com-
munities in Guangdong Province and Fujian province. The locals implying the idea that
they are the priority but the Hakka people are intrusive. Hence, the Hakka people have
been called guests, barbarians and outsiders. Is was challenging for Hakka nomads
adopt the difficulty environment and obscurity.

The Hakka people came into areas with pre-existing natives and very little agricultural
land remaining. As a result, they had to go to the mountains where the land was not
fertile. The Hakka mountain songs expressed their struggle to settle where no one had
lived before. Hakka folk-art is still popular today, a strong reminder of its folk origin.
Old chinese boat for migration

The very first wave of migration receding in history was Hakka people
had moved to Kelantan, for the prospect of mines working as labour in
18th century. A book ‘Sea Records’ written in 1820 by QingGao Xie
and BingNan Yang have recorded the early lifestyle of chines people
in Kelantan.

The encouragement of British and Malay Sultan to the Chinese immi-

grants for mining at the beginning 19th century attracted another
wave of immigration to work as labours in Melaya.

The 17th century Mao Kun mapfrom Wubei Zhi

which is based on the early 15th century navi-
gation maps of Zheng He showing Kelantan the picture showing the prosperity port in Kelantan
river during 19 century that controlled by British Malaya.

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 HISTORY

THE DAWN OF GOLD MINING

After many years of gold mining activities, the resources for gold mining
became lesser and lesser.

Due to insufficiency of public transport and the lack of the resources,

villagers started to convert their work to plantation. They involved in
archiculture for the needs. For example, the villagers would planted
sugar canes for making sugar. Today, many of the villagers lost the
knowledge and skills about gold mining from the older generation.

The very old railway pasir mas station which built by britian was one of
the transportation for villagers in kampung pulai

HUNGER AND DESIRE

However in 1980, Kelantan state government had assigned a
gold mining company to research and dig the gold in Gua
Musang. The irresponsible action had bought damage to the
natural environment. Kampung Pulai had become one of the
victims from this incident. The state government using Land Act
to move the villager’s plantation farm and houses to other
places for gold mining. Eventually, the government received a
great amount of result but the damage is occurred.

There was a big paddy field but became a lake after the gold mining.

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 HISTORY
FRESH OFF THE BOAT
There are a lot of challenging for migrations to work in Gua musang at the beginning. Lack of
resources and suppliers, insufficiency of health care and many other issues had bothering the
miners in Gua Musang.

Hakka people used to be independence and self-sufficiency, hence they were able to survive
and undergo mine activities at the same facing the challenging of the environment in an un-
known and rural land.

The picture show many different God and Goddess which
abandoned in the old minig site were gathered in the
temple
When facing the difficulties, the miners prayed to God for safety and healthy. Psychologically,
they received a mentally security from inner. After some time, the company who earned lots
of money would return back to China. However, they forgotten to bring along the God or
Goddess which accompany them when working in an unsecure environment, but leave them
in the cave or forest. Bringing their God from China when they are nothing and prying, but
abandoning believes when they are wealthy. Unappreciated.

For those who staying and held they believe and culture strongly, they col-
lected these God and Goddess and gathered them in a small and
mud-made temple. People gathered around the temple for celebration to
appreciate what they got and remember the time of suffering. Slowly,
Kampong Pulai is formed.
For Hakka people in Kampung Pulai, they remain and maintain the culture
and identity strongly. The Hakka language was the root for the Hakka
people when they left China and they had the duty to passing on the lan-
guage from generation to generation. Not only the language, culture itself
also very important for the Hakka villagers.

A picture that showing the villagers having a celebration

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THE END