1.

Principle - is a general belief that you have about the way you should behave, which influences your behavior. A
fundamental truth or proposition that serves as the foundation for a system of belief or behavior or for a chain of
reasoning.
2. The Teaching as :

a. Profession - The teaching profession requires commitment. An effective educator needs to be committed
not only to their students, but to the teaching profession as a whole. This means abiding by the rules and
regulations, embracing the principles of the teaching profession, as well as the requirements. Professional
commitment is an attitude that someone has toward her job. It’s her point of view and her active
participation for the profession.
b. Vocation - Teaching is more than a noble profession. It is a vocation, a calling. The teacher is the most
important person in any civilization, as on him depends the molding of the nation. There are not many born
teachers, but there are those who love teaching, and there are those who enter it as an occupation. The
chief qualification for a teacher is his or her love for children; from there can follow the training by good
teachers and professors of techniques and principles. Good teacher-pupil relationship is very important.
c. Science - It is a science in that there are strategies and practices that a body of research has shown to be
effective in enhancing learning. Just like doctors, teachers should use research to inform their practice. On
the individual level teaching is a science also in that teachers are constantly collecting data by observing
their students in order to see if learning is taking place and how they learn best. And, like scientists,
teachers experiment with new techniques or strategies to see how they work.
d. Arts - It is an art in that teachers must bring themselves fully into their teaching. As a teacher you will need
to find the methods and strategies that work best for you. Teachers are not standardized products. What
works for one teacher may not work for another. Thus, all the teaching strategies that you learn should be
adopted and adapted to fit your particular teaching situation and your personal teaching style. To be an
effective teacher you must carve out your own teaching philosophy and discover your own unique talents
and learn how to use them.
3. Teaching - is the process of attending to people’s needs, experiences and feelings, and intervening so that they learn
particular things, and go beyond the given.
- is the concerted sharing of knowledge and experience, which is usually organized within a discipline
and, more generally, the provision of stimulus to the psychological and intellectual growth of a person
by another person or artifact
4. The Teaching for Understanding framework, developed in a research project at Project Zero during the early
nineties, links what David Perkins has called “four cornerstones of pedagogy” with four elements of planning and
instruction. Four Central Questions About Teaching What shall we teach? What is worth understanding? How shall
we teach for understanding? How can students and teacher know what students understand and how students can
develop deeper understanding? The TfU framework is not a recipe, but rather a set of general guidelines. To quote
David Perkins, it provides “optimal ambiguity”— that is, both enough structure and enough flexibility to serve
classroom teachers’ needs. At Institute ’96, we used the metaphor of the weaver—the teacher—who has control of
her own classroom tapestry to depict how we hope people will use TfU. Why? Because both at Project Zero and in
the field at large, there are many ideas, many interpretations, and many applications— not a single way. We believe
that educators need to personalize their innovations, not painting by the numbers, but adapting ideas to their own
characters and institutions. However, we also know educators do not have time or energy to reinvent every wheel,
so we want to provide enough guidance to support teachers’ efforts at transforming their own practices. That’s what
the Teaching for Understanding framework is intended to do—guide and allow room for personal expression.