Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
A study of whether our world will be destroyed by God or human being itself
___________________
A Paper Presented to
Dr. Martin Hanna
Andrews University Theological Seminary
___________________
___________________
by
Student Name: Song Ven Tay
AU ID#: 209140
December 2, 2018
Table of Contents
Introduction ...........................................................................................................1
Conclusion ........................................................................................................... 18
Bibliography ........................................................................................................ 21
Introduction
I grew up in an Adventist home. When I was about four or five years old, I followed my
parents to go to Adventist church every Sabbath in the little island of Penang, Malaysia. I have
been listening to the speakers’ preaching on the pulpit in the church every Sabbath. One of the
most common topics that the speakers preached in the church was the Second Coming of Jesus.
In those preaching, I heard that the Bible teaches about the prophecies that just before
Jesus comes, our world will fall apart, buildings will collapse, there will be many earthquakes,
famines, pestilences, wars and many people will die. All these will be caused by God. However,
on the other hand, the Bible tells us that God is love (1 John 4:8).
All the while, I always had a question in my heart, like some of the people had, that why
the self-proclaim loving God would want to destroy our world? Is He indeed a loving God or is
He actually a cruel God? He wants to end our world. However, will this world really end? If so,
is it really God that wanted to destroy it? Or would it because of human factors that are bringing
In recent years, when I noticed that there had been many environmental activities to
promote the protection of the earth and to say that our planet is ill, otherwise, our earth may not
continue. This raised my interest to study about it and to see if what is happening now
concerning our earth's environmental phenomena are in consistent with the Bible teachings about
In this research paper, I will do some hermeneutic to study some of the Bible texts and
see what they are really saying about the end-time events or prophecy. Meanwhile, I will also use
1
current events such as science, news from television or newspapers and scientific articles to
elaborate my points. I will also refer to the work of God's Prophet – Mrs. Ellen G. White’s
writing to see if she has any advice on the issue of the end-time event.
more languages like Chinese and Malay. Therefore, among my sources of this research paper,
some of them may be taken from the Chinese literatures, books or news from television or
newspapers. When I come across to these materials, I will do my best to try to search and find
the original English article (if the material is translated from English). If not, I will do the
Chinese to English translation in order to let the readers understand the content of them.
2
01 The End of the World? Are You Serious?
Seventh-Day Adventists are always eager and in enthusiasm in sharing the gospel
message of the Second Coming of Jesus. Just like one of the two important messages of its name
“Adventist” which means a group of people that waiting for the imminent Second Coming
Adventists, as well as other Christians other than Adventists, believe that once the
Second Coming of Jesus occurs, that is the day when our world will end in history.
If a person is not a Christian, he/she may not believe that the world will end one day.
However, when we look at the film industry, “we see growing attention not only in the moment
of apocalypse — aliens and zombies who occupy our planet or world catastrophies like global
warming, tsunamies or tornados etc. — but also in the post-apocalyptic age where survivors are
trying to find a way of living after disaster.” 1 All these may give the people something to think
Some people may say that the above movies are just the stories that were made to
entertain people, that’s why the film industry is also called “the entertainment industry.” Let’s
see if there’s anyone have anything to say about the end of the world other than the film industry.
How It Works, the author - Ceri Perkins, wrote that our world could end in eight cataclysmic
ways, such as supervolcano eruption, nuclear winter, asteroid impact, runaway greenhouse
1
Zoran Turza, Hermeneutical Approach to Eschatological Issues, Hermeneutical perspective of Werner
Jeanrond, 40.
3
effect, the sun dies, gamma-ray burst, global pandemic, and artificial intelligence robot takes
In a similar way, the science magazine - Discover 2010 October Issue, the author - Corey
S. Powell wrote not only that our world could end in eight cataclysmic ways but thirty.3
Corey says in his article that “Fashions come and go in all human endeavors—even
eschatology, the study of the end of the world.” Then, he continues in his explanation:
barrage… By the 1990s, death by asteroid impact was all the rage. After 9/11
terror group. The latest obsession is plague, delivered in the metaphorical form
What did Corey say that “Fashions come and go in all human endeavors —
even eschatology, the study of the end of the world” could be possibly accurate? Let’s
continue to explore.
2
Ceri Perkins, “A Big Analysis of the Earth Crisis,” How It Works (Taipei: Imagine Publishing), April
2016, 28-35. You may refer to the internet English version of this content in the How It Works official website:
https://www.howitworksdaily.com/7-cataclysmic-ways-the-world-might-end. However, in the English version of
this article, Ceri Perkins only mentioned the first seven cataclysmic ways but without the eighth, maybe that is
because the Chinese version is the latest edited version of her writing; therefore, she added some new insight into
the article.
3
Corey S. Powell, “30 Ways the World Could End,” Discover Magazine, Digital Edition (Wisconsin:
Kalmbach Publishing), October 2010 Issue. Accessed November 15, 2018.
http://discovermagazine.com/2010/oct/30-ways-the-world-could-end
4
02 Bible Prophecies
First of all, let us begin with the Bible prophecies and see whether the Bible is worth our
belief. If the Bible prophecies are reliable, then, it would worth our study the biblical
eschatology, so that we can get ready for it (if the current social phenomena that are happening
In 2012, the whole world was talking and worrying about a prophecy that was predicted
by the ancient civilization – Mayan, that our world might end on December 21, 2012. Everyone
was talking about the end of the world, even Hollywood also came out with a blockbuster movie
– 2012.
Back then, when this movie came out, it created a lot of heated discussions in the society,
even my non-Christian friends used to ask me about my opinion of the accuracy of this prophecy
and what I think about it and whether I would believe that it will fulfill or not. I had an
opportunity to share with them what I believe, from the biblical point of view. This was an
excellent opportunity for me to share with my non-Christian friends the gospel of Jesus Christ.
This hot topic had sprinted the entire internet world, even the news from television and
newspapers also often broadcast about its news, opinions, discussions, and concern. The reason
why this topic was so fiercely discussed was that the people were convinced and believed that
Among many various discussions about the Mayan’s prophecy, one of them even
mentioned the Bible prophecy that predicted about the end of the world. In this Chinese
television program, a news narrator told the audience that we should not ignore the accuracy of
5
the Bible prophecies.4 It is well known to the world that the prophecies of the Bible are highly
accurate.
A scholar name J. Barton Payne had done some research about the biblical prophecies
and found out that just in the Old Testament alone, it has covered almost 30% of prophecies.5
According to Payne’s analysis, the entire Bible has about 31,124 verses, of which 8,352
verses contain predictive material. Therefore, the proportion of prophecies in the Bible accounts
for 27%, that is, more than a quarter. Among those 8,352 verses, after deducted all the repetitive
prophecies, there are approximately 737 independent predictions throughout the Bible.
The Chinese version of a Sunday Church online Christian news media - The Gospel
Herald, commented about Payne’s research and tell its readers that among those 737 predictions,
there are approximately 590 of them are major prophecies which 96.6% of them had almost
fulfilled 6 (the rest of them are still in the process of fulfilling or waiting to be fulfilled in the
future).
Since the accuracy of Bible prophecy is exceptionally high, we should not ignore the
prophecies that mentioned the end-time events in the Bible. Let us now go and look at the Bible
verses on eschatology.
4
Doomsday Prophecy, “Modern apocalypse,” aired April 21, 2010, on Eastern Broadcasting Company
Financial News, 2010, accessed November 20, 2018. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TKTEZEgNc2c
5
J. Barton Payne, Encyclopedia of Biblical Prophecy: The Complete Guide to Scriptural Predictions and
Their Fulfillment (New York: Harper & Row, 1973), 13, 674–675, 681.
Li Si Chen, “The Fulfillment of Biblical Predictions Are True, Be Watchful of the True the End of the
6
World,” Evangelism-Shepherding, The Gospel Herald, December 21, 2012, accessed November 20, 2018.
http://www.gospelherald.com.hk/news/gen-2479/《聖經》預言應驗無花假「真末日」當警醒
6
03 The Study of Biblical Eschatology
First of all, let us define what the meaning of eschatology is. The word Eschatology
derived from two Greek words: eschatos (last) and logos (word).7 When these two Greek words
There is "another meaning for the Greek word logos which is “study.” “Eschatology,
therefore, is the word concerning, or the study of, what is ultimate or last, that is, what is final in
Some authors put it this way that the eschatology is “the study of the last things; for
example, end-time judgment, resurrection, and glorification,” 9 and “the destiny of this world …
the individual person and everything it encompasses,” 10 such as eternal life and eternal
Due to the limited space of this research paper, I will only concentrate on study two Bible
verses that seem to indicate that God wanted to destroy the world and humanity in the end time.
“And after these things I saw four angels standing on the four corners of
7
Bernard S. Cayne, ed., The New Lexicon Webster’s Dictionary of the English Language (New York:
Lexicon Publications, Inc., 1991), 322.
8
"Grenz, 1992:16," cited in Jonathan M. Menn, Biblical Eschatology (Oregon: Wipf and Stock Publishers,
2017), 3.
Karl T. Kemp, Verse-by-Verse Studies of Selected Eschatological Prophecies from the Book of Isaiah
9
Ian A. McFarland et al., The Cambridge Dictionary of Christian Theology (New York: Cambridge
10
the earth, nor on the sea, nor on any tree. And I saw another angel ascending
from the east, having the seal of the living God: and he cried with a loud voice
to the four angels, to whom it was given to hurt the earth and the sea, saying,
Hurt not the earth, neither the sea, nor the trees, till we have sealed the servants
In these verses, the four angels “represent divine agencies in the world holding back the
forces of evil,” and the four corners “signifies that the whole earth,” and the four winds “are
At first glance, it seems that it is God that has given these angels the power to hurt the
earth (v. 2-3). In reality, if we “viewed in the light of the great controversy between Christ and
Satan, these destructive forces represent the efforts of Satan to spread ruin and destruction
everywhere.” 12
The meaning of the Greek word krateo (holding) in verse 1 is “holding in check,” which
is “to take control of.” 13 It was God that sending angels to hold back or to take control of the ruin
Another Greek word didomi (“given” to hurt the earth and the sea) in verse 3 has the
meaning of “to grant or permit one.” 14 Therefore, the meaning of the Revelation 7:1-3 is that the
Francis D. Nichol, ed., The Seventh-day Adventist Bible Commentary, volume 7 (Washington D. C.:
11
earth until a time when they are granted or permitted to let go of their control.
Ellen White has a similar comment on these verses in Testimonies to Ministers and
Gospel Workers:
strife—represented as being held by four angels. These winds are under control
until God gives the word to let them go. There is the safety of God's church. The
angels of God Do His bidding, holding back the winds of the earth, that the
winds should not blow on the earth, nor on the sea, nor on any tree, until the
It is God that wanted to protect the world, not to destroy it. It is the works of Satan to
“And the nations were angry, and thy wrath is come, and the time of the
dead, that they should be judged, and that thou shouldest give reward unto thy
servants the prophets, and to the saints, and them that fear thy name, small and
These verses refer to the end of time where Christ will soon to be the King over the earth.
This is almost the end of all disasters, and the kingdoms of the world are about to
15
Ellen G. White, Testimonies to Ministers and Gospel Workers, 444.
9
The Andrews Study Bible explains that “while the seventh trumpet 16 signals the close of
human probation (Revelation 10:7), there are still events that must take place before the Second
Coming.” 17 These events must take place because “the nations were angry.” (Revelation 11:18a)
“They will band together to oppose the work and people of Christ (see on Revelation 13:12;
14:8).” 18 Therefore, in heaven, God declared that He is going to judge and destroy the wicked
that destroy the earth and will give the reward to the righteous. (Revelation 11:18b)
Wagoner gives a comment on Revelation 11:18, especially the last portion of it (destroy them
which destroy the earth) “has become the Magna Carta of a rapidly growing green movement,
Gery argued that the word “destroy” in Greek is diaphtheiro, which is “to corrupt” in
English. Thence, the last part of this verse reads literally “corrupt them which corrupt the earth.”
Gery points out that the same word diaphtheiro is used in 1 Timothy 6:5 to refer to “men of
corrupt minds, destitute of the truth...” and “Jesus used diaphtheiro to describe what moths do to
treasure in Luke 12:33. They corrupt, or defile it.” For Gery, “the problems described in
Revelation 11:18 is not that people in the end times are using plastic, fossil fuel and SUV’s, they
are defiling the earth with violence and iniquity—just as it was in the days of Noah.”
16
There are seven trumpets altogether that begin from Revelation 8:2-11:19 and these trumpets refer to the
judgments on the wicked. The span time from the cross – the beginning of mediation– to the Second Coming of
Jesus. For further details of the interpretation of each trumpet, please read Jon L. Dybdahl, ed., Andrews Study Bible,
New King James Version (Michigan: Andrews University Press, 2010), 1670-1674.
17
Ibid., 1674.
Francis D. Nichol, ed., The Seventh-day Adventist Bible Commentary, volume 7 (Washington D. C.:
18
Revelation 11:18 and they are not going to issue a death sentence on those who “don’t recycle;
on individuals who drive Dodge diesel pickup trucks, who use Walmart plastic bags, and burn
wood to heat their homes…” According to Gery, “that is not corrupting the earth, it is corrupting
Scripture.” 20
Even though the context of the Revelation 11:18 does not seems to say that God wants to
judge and punish those who destroy our living environment, but what about those that
deliberately destroy it? The environment that God told our first parents “to dress it and to keep
it?” (Genesis 2:15) Would it be the result of what Paul said to Timothy that in the last days,
perilous times will come, that men will be lovers of self, lovers of money, boasters, arrogant,
abusive, ungrateful, unholy, unloving, without self-control, brutal, haters of good, treacherous,
reckless, conceited, lovers of pleasures more than lovers of God; having a form of godliness, but
denying the power thereof? (2 Timothy 3:1-5, KJV, NKJV, NASB, RSV) All these are the cause
As I said earlier, it is God that wanted to protect the world, not to destroy it. It is the
works of Satan to destroy the world. However, how does Satan going to destroy the world? It is
through his agents on earth, whom the Bible calls the children “of your father the devil, and the
In the next chapter, I will show you what the current scientists say about the topic of
eschatology. Do our contemporary scientists believe that our world will end someday? Why?
Also, in chapter 5, I will come back and touch the issue of how the Christian should react to this.
20
For further details of Gery Wagoner’s hermeneutic explanation, please refer to his article in footnote 19.
11
04 What the Scientists Say About It
In 2017, I bought a newly published Chinese translated scientific book: A Farewell to Ice
- A Report from the Arctic.21 What captured my eyes was the subtitle of the cover of this book –
“The polar sea ice continues to melt, not only will the flood come, but the earth will no longer be
I was so shocked when I saw this book and thought to myself: “Wow! 2050 from now is
only a little more than 30 years, what is going on?” This reminds me of a Chinese newspaper that
I read 18 years ago, which I happened to cut it out and keep it with me wherever I go until now.
In the year 2000, while the whole world was celebrating the Millennium, a world famous,
76-year-old British astrophysicist: Dr. Steven Hawking predicted that “After 1,000 years, the
The reason why Dr. Hawking gave this shocking warning because he believed that our
earth would not be able to survive another Millennium. By then, due to global warming, our
Then, in 2008, Dr. Hawking in an exclusive CNN interview said that “if humans can
survive the next 200 years and learn to live in space, then our future will be bright.” 23 The
21
Peter Wadhams, A Farewell to Ice - A Report from the Arctic: The polar sea ice continues to melt, not
only will the flood come, but the earth will no longer be suitable for human habitation in 2050, trans. Nianci Wang,
Weisheng Wu, Xinru Huang (Taipei: ACME Publishing Group, 2017). You may find the original English edition of
this book in https://www.amazon.com
“After 1,000 Years, the Earth is Difficult to Survive. Humans Need to Migrate to Another Planet,”
22
In 2016, Dr. Hawking made another warning again. He “warns humanity could destroy
itself in the next 100 years” 24 because we are rapidly progressing in the realms of science and
technology. Dr. Hawking said that we might create “new ways things can go wrong.” For Dr.
Hawking, the next 100 years are our most dangerous period, as we become much more advanced
In the 2000s alone, we have warnings from different scientists that our planet may have
been destroyed in 1,000, 200 or 100 years, and now, after the book A Farewell to Ice - A Report
from the Arctic is published, it shows that our scientists worry that our planet may not survive
more than 32 years. In fact, there are many articles, magazines, books, and documentary videos
have been produced to warn people about the danger of our planet that needs our attention now.
For example, in March 2017 issue of the Chinese version of National Geographic
magazine, the Chief Editor told the readers that scientists have confirmed that after 2014 and
2015, 2016 has broken the high-temperature record for the third consecutive year, becoming the
hottest year since global climate data. According to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration, since the 1880s, among the 17 years with the highest temperature, 16 have been
in place since 2000. Unfortunately, many people have ignored the irrefutable proofs of scientific
facts, and the efforts to save the planet from the crisis have been steadily weakened. 25
For the English version of the same issue, the Chief Editor – Susan Goldberg says:
24
David Shukman, “Hawking: Humans at risk of lethal 'own goal',” Science & Environment, BBC News,
January 19, 2016, accessed May 22, 2016. https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-35344664
Lee Yungshih, ed., “From the Editor,” National Geographic, Chinese Version, No. 184 (Taipei: Boulder
25
change — including a special issue devoted to the topic... And that doesn’t count
Covering our climate - where we keep setting records for the hottest year — is
one of the most important things we can do. It's particularly crucial in an era
when some people claim that there are no “facts” and basic science is loudly
and fairly — on how climate change is altering the Earth. Those who deny
climate change receive a lot of attention, but the vast majority of Americans
Gallup last year that they are worried about global warming — the highest figure
The book that I previously mentioned at the beginning of this chapter - A Farewell to Ice
- A Report from the Arctic, covers the issue of ice cap that keeps decreasing every year in the
Arctic, is actually a short excerpt from a documentary film Before the Flood 27 that produced by
26
Susan Golberg, “From the Editor,” National Geographic (Washington, D.C.: National Geographic
Society, March 2017).
27
Before the Flood, directed by Fisher Stevens (RatPac Documentary Films, 2017). Official website:
https://www.beforetheflood.com/
14
According to the film, at present, the earth’s temperature has warmed up by 0.85 °C (1.4
ºF), 28 and there are many natural disasters have been seen. Scientists predict that the global
Perhaps, you have a question in your mind, and you would like to ask: “How does the
temperature increase by 1 or 2 °C or more could affect our planet and our humanity?” The
28
According to NASA's Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) measurement, the global surface
temperatures from 1951 to 1980 were estimated to be 57 ºF (14 °C), but due to the increased of temperate since then,
our planet’s average surface temperature now in 2017 is 58.62 ºF (14.9 °C). Tim Sharp, ed., “What Is Earth's
Average Temperature?” Science & Astronomy, Space.com, April 23, 2018, accessed December 2, 2018.
https://www.space.com/17816-earth-temperature.html
15
05 How Should Christian React to It
When scientists and non-Christian organizations around the world are actively warning
the world of current crises, many countries and environmentalists have joined the ranks and
shouted the slogan: "Save Our World," how should we respond as Christians?
In 2006, a Hong Kong monthly Christian magazine Angel’s Heart, August issue
dedicated a 21-pages long of special topic titled “Who Will Save the Earth?” 29 and calls on
Christians to rise up and take our responsibility as Christian stewardship to protect the planet. As
an Adventist, how should we respond to it? Is it correct when Gery Wagoner accused that those
are using Revelation 11:18 as a means to warn the people that God is going to judge and “destroy
(corrupt) them which destroy (corrupt) the earth” is not corrupting the earth, but corrupting
Scripture?
William K. Hayes asks the readers the below question in Adventist Review:
“Does the Creator who declared all life-forms ‘very good’ (Gen. 1:31),
who lovingly feeds and waters the creatures (Ps. 104:24-27; Isa. 43:20; Matt.
6:26), and who sees the sparrows that fall (Matt. 10:29), take notice of what has
become of His creation? Does He see that “the whole creation groans” (Rom.
Willian continued to says that “numerous published surveys reveal that Christians and
29
Andrew Yuen, ed., “Who Will Save the Earth?” Angel’s Heart, Issue 03 (Hong Kong: The Media
Evangelism Limited), August 2006, 10-30.
30
William K. Hayes, “Christians and Environmental Stewardship,” Adventist Review (MD: Review and
Herald Publishing Association, January 2016).
16
those of other faith groups are measurably less concerned about environmental issues than the
public at large.” Two of the three reasons why the indifference or even anti-environmental
1. God permits humans to exploit natural resources without concern for consequences.
2. Our eschatological views lead some to insist we need not be concerned about our
earthly home and its creatures because this world will be destroyed and re-created at
In Genesis 2:15, God placed Adam and Eve in the garden of Eden “to dress it and to keep
it,” refers to His expectations for us to take good care of the land, and not to destroy or to corrupt
it. Even though our world will be destroyed and re-created at the Second Coming of Jesus,
Christian should still take good care of our environment. We have no right to deliberately
destroying God’s creation. Just as our physical body will be changed in a “twinkling of an eye, at
the last trump: for the trumpet shall sound, and the dead shall be raised incorruptible, and we
shall be changed,” (1 Corinthians 15:52) it doesn’t mean that we can deliberately destroy our
body and making it sick and dying. Christian need to take good care of our own health by eating
17
Conclusion
Bernard McGinn, a medieval specialist at the University of Chicago Divinity School once
said: “Over the past 30 years, more scholarship has been devoted to apocalypticism than in the
last 300.” 31
Many scientists, like what the late Professor Stephen Hawking suggested, are actively
looking for another habitable planet to replace our earth because they know that our planet has
no hope in surviving. The most recent discovery was found in 2015, and they called it Kepler-
452b. It “is the first near-Earth-Size planet in the habitable zone of a star very similar to the sun.”
32
“This exciting result brings us one step closer to finding an Earth 2.0.” 33
Besides the question of whether this planet is truly habitable for a living, scientists have
another major problem with this newly discovered planet – the distance. Kepler-452b is located
With our current latest technology, the fastest spacecraft - Parker Solar Probe spacecraft
which could fly with the speed of 213,200 mph 34 would take 4 million years to reached planet
Bernard McGinn, cited in Kenneth L. Woodward, “The Way the World Ends,” Newsweek, October 31,
31
Wikipedia contributors, “List of vehicle speed records,” Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, December 2,
34
18
Kepler-452b.35
There is indeed no hope for humanity to migrate to another planet to keep surviving. In
the past, I thought why God is so cruel, why He wants to destroy our world and to bring in the
end of the world? However, after seeing all these reports, I realized that it was not God who
wanted to bring the doomsday to us, but because God knew that when men left Him and lived a
life that apart from Him and violated His commandments, humankind will do anything to "harm"
ourselves and our world. It is we who bring the end of the day to ourselves. It is God who wants
“Let not your heart be troubled; you believe in God, believe also in Me. In My Father’s
house are many mansions; if it were not so, I would have told you. I go to prepare a place for
you. And if I go and prepare a place for you, I will come again and receive you to Myself; that
where I am, there you may be also.” (John 14:1-3) This is humanity’s only hope, that Jesus – the
“And there will be signs in the sun, in the moon, and in the stars; and on the earth distress
of nations, with perplexity, the sea and the waves roaring; men’s hearts failing them from fear
and the expectation of those things which are coming on the earth, for the powers of the heavens
Will scientists' predictions come true in 2050 that our planet will no longer be suitable for
human habitation? We do not know. When will Jesus come back? We never know too, but there
35
Wikipedia contributors, “Kepler-452b,” Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, November 29, 2018,
accessed December 2, 2018. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kepler-452b. According to the information of this
website, at the speed of the New Horizons spacecraft, about 37,000 mph, it would take approximately 26 million
years to reached planet Kepler-542b. Meanwhile, Parker Solar Probe spacecraft is about 6 times faster than New
Horizons spacecraft, so, you may do the math.
19
are only two possibilities in this great event: the end of the world will only come after or before
2050, for whatever men could think of, it will never happen. However, Jesus once told us: “Now
learn this parable from the fig tree: When its branch has already become tender and puts forth
leaves, you know that summer is near. So you also, when you see all these things, know that it is
20
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. “After 1,000 Years, the Earth is Difficult to Survive. Humans Need to Migrate to Another
Planet.” Kwong Wah Yit Poh Press Berhad, October 3, 2000.
2. Before the Flood. Directed by Fisher Stevens. RatPac Documentary Films, 2017.
3. Cayne, Bernard S., ed. The New Lexicon Webster’s Dictionary of the English Language.
New York: Lexicon Publications, Inc., 1991.
4. Chen, Li Si. “The Fulfillment of Biblical Predictions Are True, Be Watchful of the True the
End of the World.” Evangelism-Shepherding. The Gospel Herald, December 21, 2012,
accessed November 20, 2018.
5. Doomsday Prophecy. “Modern apocalyps,” aired April 21, 2010, on Eastern Broadcasting
Company Financial News, 2010, accessed November 20, 2018.
6. Dybdahl, Jon L., ed. Andrews Study Bible, New King James Version. Michigan: Andrews
University Press, 2010
9. Johnson, Michele, ed. “NASA’s Kepler Mission Discovers Bigger, Older Cousin to Earth.”
NASA, July 23, 2015, accessed December 27, 2017.
10. Johnson, Michele, ed. “Searching for Habitable Worlds.” NASA, July 23, 2015, accessed
December 27, 2017.
11. Kemp, Karl T. Verse-by-Verse Studies of Selected Eschatological Prophecies from the Book
of Isaiah. Missouri: Karl Kemp Teaching Ministries, 2013.
12. Lee, Yungshih, ed. “From the Editor.” National Geographic, No. 184. Taipei: Boulder
Media, March 2017.
13. McFarland, Ian A. et al., The Cambridge Dictionary of Christian Theology. New York:
Cambridge University Press, 2011.
14. McGinn, Bernard. Cited in Kenneth L. Woodward, “The Way the World Ends,” Newsweek,
October 31, 1999, accessed May 22, 2018.
15. Menn, Jonathan M. Biblical Eschatology. Oregon: Wipf and Stock Publishers, 2017.
16. Nichol, Francis D., ed. The Seventh-day Adventist Bible Commentary, volume 7.
Washington D. C.: Review and Herald Publishing Association, 1980.
17. Payne, J. Barton. Encyclopedia of Biblical Prophecy: The Complete Guide to Scriptural
Predictions and Their Fulfillment. New York: Harper & Row, 1973.
18. Perkins, Ceri. “A Big Analysis of the Earth Crisis.” How It Works. Taipei: Imagine
Publishing, April 2016.
https://www.howitworksdaily.com/7-cataclysmic-ways-the-world-might-end
19. Powell, Corey S. “30 Ways the World Could End.” Discover Magazine. Wisconsin:
Kalmbach Publishing, October 2010.
http://discovermagazine.com/2010/oct/30-ways-the-world-could-end
20. Riversoft Ministry. Strong-Lite Dictionary. MySword Bible Software for Android, 2018.
21. Sharp, Tim, ed. “What Is Earth's Average Temperature?” Science & Astronomy. Space.com,
April 23, 2018, accessed December 2, 2018.
22. Shukman, David. “Hawking: Humans at risk of lethal 'own goal'.” Science & Environment.
BBC News, January 19, 2016, accessed May 22, 2016.
23. Technology and Science. “Hawking: If we survive the next 200 years, we should be OK,”
aired October 9, 2008, on CNN, 2008, accessed May 22, 2016.
25. Wadhams, Peter. A Farewell to Ice - A Report from the Arctic: The polar sea ice continues
to melt, not only will the flood come, but the earth will no longer be suitable for human
habitation in 2050. Translated by Nianci Wang, Weisheng Wu and Xinru Huang. Taipei:
ACME Publishing Group, 2017.
28. Wikipedia Contributors “Kepler-452b.” Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, November 29,
2018, accessed December 2, 2018.
29. Wikipedia Contributors. “List of vehicle speed records.” Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia,
December 2, 2018, accessed December 2, 2018.
30. Yuen, Andrew, ed. “Who Will Save the Earth?” Angel’s Heart, Issue 03. Hong Kong: The
Media Evangelism Limited, August 2006.
22