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Solutions
SECTION - A
Objective Type Questions
(Mendel’s Laws of Inheritance, Inheritance of One Gene)
1. Mark the odd one (w.r.t. true breeding line)
(1) Shows the stable trait inheritance (2) Shows expression for few generations only
(3) Undergone continuous self-pollination (4) Both (1) & (3)
Sol. Answer (2)
True breeding means Pure lines.
Recessive allele may not produce enzyme or may be non functional enzyme.
4. What will be possible blood group in children from the parents with B and AB blood groups?
(1) A, O (2) A, B, AB & O (3) A, B, AB (4) B, O
Sol. Answer (3)
Phenotype B AB
Genotype IBi × IAIB
IAi, IBi IAIB . IBIB
So A, AB B are possible
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46 Principles of Inheritance and Variation Solutions of Assignment
7. When Mendel self hybridised the F1 plants (RrYy), he found that dominant and recessive traits of one character
are segregated in a
(1) 9 : 1 ratio (2) 3 : 3 ratio (3) 10 : 6 ratio (4) 3 : 1 ratio
Sol. Answer (4)
8. Mendel published his work on inheritance of characters in 1865 but it remained unrecognised till 1900 because
(a) He could not provide any physical proof for the existence of factors
(b) His concept of factors as stable, discrete units that controlled the expression of traits did not find
acceptance from the contemporaries
(c) Mendel's approach of using mathematics to explain biological phenomena was totally old
(d) Communication was not easy (as it is now)
(1) (a), (b) & (c) are correct (2) (c) & (d) are correct
(3) (a), (b) & (d) are correct (4) Only (a) is correct
Sol. Answer (3)
9. Heterozygous round and yellow seeded pea plants were selfed and total 800 seeds are collected. What is the
total number of seeds with first dominant and second recessive traits?
(1) 950 (2) 300 (3) 200 (4) 150
Sol. Answer (4)
3
800 150
16
(Two Genes Interaction w.r.t. Post-Mendelism, Sex Determination, Mutation)
10. Which of the following statement for chromosomal theory of inheritance is incorrect?
(1) Pairing and separation of a pair of chromosomes would lead to the segregation of a factor they carried
(2) Behaviour of chromosomes is parallel to the behaviour of genes
(3) The two alleles of a gene pair are located on homologous sites on homologous chromosomes
(4) Chromosomes as well as genes occur in pairs
Sol. Answer (1)
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Solutions of Assignment Principles of Inheritance and Variation 47
11. Experimental verification of the chromosomal theory of inheritance was given by
(1) Sutton and Boveri (2) Correns (3) T.H. Morgan (4) Tschermak
Sol. Answer (3)
12. Fruit flies are one of the best materials for genetic studies because of all, except
(1) Ability to grow on simple synthetic medium in the laboratory
(2) Short life span
(3) Production of a large number of progeny in each mating
(4) Presence of few externally visible and identifiable contrasting traits
Sol. Answer (4)
14. Initial clue about the genetic/chromosomal mechanism of sex-determination can be traced back to some of
the experiments carried out in
(1) Human beings (2) Birds (3) Insects (4) Plants
Sol. Answer (3)
Henking discovered X-body.
15. In which of the sex determination both male and female have same number of chromosomes?
(1) XY type (2) ZO type (3) XO type (4) Both (1) & (3)
Sol. Answer (1)
AA + X X
Same number of chromosome in and +
AA + X Y
16. Two different types of gametes in terms of the sex chromosomes, are produced by
(1) Female fruit fly (2) Male butterfly
(3) Male human and female Drosophila (4) Female birds
Sol. Answer (4)
A+ X
AA + XW
A+ W
Two type of eggs are produced by + bird because it is heterogametic.
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48 Principles of Inheritance and Variation Solutions of Assignment
(Genetic Disorders)
3 5 T A
Substitution of Glutamine CTC CAC
5
GAG 3
GUG Valine
23. Which of the following trait shows transmission from carrier female to male progeny?
(1) Autosomal dominant (2) X-linked recessive (3) Y-linked recessive (4) X-linked dominant
Sol. Answer (2)
1 X linked Recessive gene
XC X × X Y
XC Y XY
26. Mark the odd one w.r.t. syndrome which occur due to failure of segregation of homologous pair of chromosomes
during cell division cycle.
(1) Klinefelter's syndrome (2) Down's syndrome (3) Turner's syndrome (4) Thalassemia
Sol. Answer (4)
Thalassemia is autosomal recessive disease.
27. Which of the disorder is related with the Karyotype given below?
29. Physical, psychomotor and mental development is retarted in an individual affected with
(1) Down's syndrome (2) Sickle cell-anaemia
(3) Turner's syndrome (4) Colour blindness
Sol. Answer (1)
Trisomy of 21 chromosome
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50 Principles of Inheritance and Variation Solutions of Assignment
SECTION - B
Objective Type Questions
(Mendel’s Laws of Inheritance, Inheritance of One Gene, Inheritance of Two Genes)
1. When a pink flowered Antirrhinum plant is test crossed, then phenotypic ratio in resulting progenies is
(1) 1 Red : 1 White (2) 3 Red : 1 White (3) 2 Pink : 1 White (4) 1 Pink : 1 White
Sol. Answer (4)
RR rr Rr
Red White Pink
Rr × Rr
RR : Rr : rr
1 : 2 : 1
Red : Pink : White
2. Heterozygous tall and violet flowered pea plants were selfed and total 512 seeds are collected. What will be
total number of seeds for both heterozygous traits?
(1) 128 (2) 256 (3) 384 (4) 64
Sol. Answer (1)
Number of individual 512
4
TtRr ⇒
16
4
512 128
16
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Solutions of Assignment Principles of Inheritance and Variation 51
3. Mark the odd one (w.r.t. F2 generation of Mendelian dihybrid cross)
(1) Frequency of TtRR genotype = 12.5% (2) Frequency of ttrr genotype = 6.25%
(3) Frequency of TTRR genotype = 6.25% (4) Frequency of ttRr genotype = 25%
Sol. Answer (4)
2 1
ttRr 12.5%
16 8
4. Find out the frequency of AabbCcDdee if parents are AabbCCddEe and AabbccDdee
(1) 0.78% (2) 12.5% (3) 25% (4) 50%
Sol. Answer (2)
AabbCCddEe × AabbCcDdee
AabbCcDdee
2 2 2 8
12.5
4 4 4 64
5. In incomplete dominance
(1) Dominant trait is completely expressed in F1 generation
(2) Phenotypic and genotypic ratio are different
(3) Two dominant alleles are needed to express the complete dominant trait
(4) F1 individuals have the equal traits of both parents
Sol. Answer (3)
8. Which of the following combination seems to have some linkage in character selected by Mendel?
(1) Stem height and pod colour (2) Flower colour and flower position
(3) Seed shape and seed colour (4) Plant height and pod shape
Sol. Answer (4)
Plant Height and Pod shape
9. A diploid organism is heterozygous for five loci and homozygous for 2 loci, how many types of gametes can
be produced?
(1) 128 (2) 32 (3) 4 (4) 14
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52 Principles of Inheritance and Variation Solutions of Assignment
10. Lesch Nyhan disease is an X-linked recessive disorder that causes neurological damage in human beings. A
survey of 500 mates from a caucasion population revealed that 20 were effected with this disorder. What is
the frequency of the normal allele in this population?
(1) 9.6 (2) 0.8 (3) 0.096 (4) 96
Sol. Answer (2)
20 1
q2 ⇒ ⇒ ⇒ 0.2
500 25
q = 0.2
p+q=1
p = 0.8
11. How many types of zygotic combinations are possible between a cross Aa BB Cc Dd × AA bb Cc DD?
(1) 32 (2) 128 (3) 64 (4) 16
Sol. Answer (4)
Aa BB Cc Dd × AA bb Cc DD
Number of gametes
2n 23
8 × 2 = 16
13. Morgan hybridised yellow-bodied, white-eyed females to brown-bodied, red-eyed males and intercrossed their
F1 progeny. He observed that
(a) F2 ratio was deviated very significantly from the 9 : 3 : 3 : 1 ratio
(b) Both genes did not segregate independently of each other
(c) Recombinant types are not obtained in F2 generation
(d) Both genes segregate independently of each other
Select the correct set of statements :
(1) (a) & (b) only (2) (b) & (c) only (3) (b) & (d) only (4) (c) & (d) only
Sol. Answer (1)
y+ y
w+ w
Brown body and red eye are linked gene so F2 ratio deviated from 9 : 3 : 3 : 1.
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Solutions of Assignment Principles of Inheritance and Variation 53
14. ___(A)___ used the frequency of recombination between gene pairs on the ___(B)___ as a measure of the
distance between genes and mapped their position on the chromosome.
(A) (B)
(1) Morgan Same chromosome
(2) Sturtevant Different chromosomes
(3) Morgan Different chromosomes
(4) Sturtevant Same chromosome
Sol. Answer (4)
15. While solving the problem of sex determination in large number of insects, it was observed that
(1) All eggs lack sex chromosome
(2) Some of the sperms bear the X-chromosome
(3) All eggs as well as sperms bear the X-chromosome
(4) Some of the eggs bear the X-chromosome
Sol. Answer (2)
17. Which one of the following is a physical factor that induce mutation?
(1) Acridines (2) HNO2 (3) UV-rays (4) Base analogue
Sol. Answer (3)
UV-rays and Non-ionised radiation.
19. If a agouti mice (CcAa) is crossed with albino mice (ccAA), then how many albino mice are produced in
resulting progeny?
(1) 4 (2) 9 (3) 2 (4) 3
Sol. Answer (3)
CcAa × ccAA
Agouti Albino
CA Ca cA ca
cA CcAA CcAa ccAA ccAa
Agouti Agouti Albino Alibino
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54 Principles of Inheritance and Variation Solutions of Assignment
21. In a complimentary gene interaction calculate the number of phenotype and genotype produced in a cross AaBb
× aaBB
(1) 1 phenotype, 2genotypes (2) 2 phenotypes, 4 genotypes
(3) 4 phenotypes, 4 genotypes (4) 2 phenotypes, 2 genotypes
Sol. Answer (2)
AB Ab aB ab
aB AaBB AaBb aaBB aaBb
1 1 1 1 Genotype
Phenotype Phenotype
22. How many types of gametes will be produced by a O Drosophila having following arrangement of
two genes (y+ and w+) on X-chromosome?
+
y
w+
X Y
(1) 2 (2) 4 (3) 1 (4) 8
Sol. Answer (1)
y+
w+
X Y
23. If interference is complete or cent percent then the frequency of observed double crossover will be
(1) Equal to expected frequency (2) Greater than expected frequency
(3) Lesser than expected frequency (4) Zero
Sol. Answer (4)
(Genetic Disorders)
24. In the given pedigree, indicate whether the shaded symbols indicate dominant or recessive allele.
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Solutions of Assignment Principles of Inheritance and Variation 55
Then it will be dominant pedigree
If is aa then it will be recessive pedigree.
25. In which of the following disorder a single protein that is a part of the cascade of proteins involved in blood
clotting is affected?
(1) Thalassemia (2) Sickle-cell anaemia (3) Haemophilia (4) Phenylketonuria
Sol. Answer (3)
Haemophilia A Blood clot factor VIIIth is absent
Haemophilia B Blood clot factor IXth is absent
27. The defect sickle-cell anaemia is caused by the ______ of glutamic acid by valine at the 6th position of the
______ globin chain of the haemoglobin molecule.
(1) Substitution, (2) Deletion, (3) Duplication, (4) Translocation,
Sol. Answer (1)
Substitution of Pyrimidine
Purine
DNA CTC CAG
AA Glutanic Valine
acid
28. A Y-linked gene is responsible for hypertrichosis (long hair on ears). When an affected man marries a normal
woman, what percentage of their daughters would be expected to have hairy ears?
(1) 25% (2) 0% (3) 50% (4) 100%
Sol. Answer (2)
Daughter will not receive Y chromosome from father.
29. A normal woman, whose father had colour blindness, married a normal man. What is the chance of occurrence
of colour blindness in the progeny?
(1) 25% (2) 50% (3) 100% (4) 75%
Sol. Answer (1)
XXC × XY
X XC
C
X XX XX
C
Y XY X Y
25% of progeny will be colour blind.
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56 Principles of Inheritance and Variation Solutions of Assignment
30. Mr. Stevan is suffering from haemophilia and cystic fibrosis. His father is hetrozygous for cystic fibrosis. The
probability of Stevan's sperm having recessive X-linked as well as autosomal allele is
1 1 1 1
(1) (2) (3) (4)
4 16 2 8
1
AC Xh
2
1
AC Y
2
BL Bl bL Bl
bl BbLl Bbll bbLl bbll
7 1 1 7
14
100 87.4%
16
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Solutions of Assignment Principles of Inheritance and Variation 57
34. Select incorrect statement
(A) Linked genes cause absolute lethality
(B) Persons affected by PKU do not show mental disorder
(C) F2 ratio in codominance and incomplete dominance are same
(D) Sex of male Drosophila is dependent on Y-chromosome
(1) (A) & (B) (2) (B) & (C) (3) (A), (B) & (D) (4) All of these
Sol. Answer (3)
35. In phenylketonuria
(1) Break down of phenylalanine is rapid
(2) Accumulation of phenylalanine in body
(3) Chromosomal constitution of patient changes
(4) TSD gene situated on chromosome 15 undergoes mutation
Sol. Answer (2)
Phenylalanine hydroxylase enzyme is absent.
SECTION - C
Previous Years Questions
1. Which of the following characteristics represent ‘Inheritance of blood groups’ in humans? [NEET-2018]
a. Dominance b. Co-dominance
c. Multiple allele d. Incomplete dominance
e. Polygenic inheritance
(1) b, c and e (2) a, b and c (3) a, c and e (4) b, d and e
Sol. Answer (2)
IAIO, IBIO - Dominant–recessive relationship
IAIB - Codominance
IA, IB & IO - 3-different allelic forms of a gene (multiple allelism)
2. Which of the following pairs is wrongly matched? [NEET-2018]
(1) Starch synthesis in pea : Multiple alleles
(2) ABO blood grouping : Co-dominance
(3) T.H. Morgan : Linkage
(4) XO type sex determination : Grasshopper
Sol. Answer (1)
Starch synthesis in pea is controlled by pleiotropic gene.
Other options (2, 3 & 4) are correctly matched.
3. Select the correct statement [NEET-2018]
(1) Franklin Stahl coined the term ‘‘linkage’’
(2) Punnett square was developed by a British scientist
(3) Transduction was discovered by S. Altman
(4) Spliceosomes take part in translation
Sol. Answer (2)
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58 Principles of Inheritance and Variation Solutions of Assignment
Husband
AB
Wife
A
I I I i
A
+ I IB
IA IAIA IAIB
A B
i Ii Ii
Number of genotypes = 4
Number of phenotypes = 3
IAIA and IAi = A
IAIB = AB
IBi = B
8. Among the following characters, which one was not considered by Mendel in his experiments on pea?
[NEET-2017]
(1) Stem – Tall or Dwarf (2) Trichomes – Glandular or non-glandular
(3) Seed – Green or Yellow (4) Pod – Inflated or Constricted
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Solutions of Assignment Principles of Inheritance and Variation 59
Sol. Answer (2)
During his experiments Mendel studied seven characters.
Nature of trichomes i.e., glandular or non-glandular was not considered by Mendel.
9. The mechanism that causes a gene to move from one linkage group to another is called
[NEET (Phase-2)-2016]
(1) Inversion (2) Duplication (3) Translocation (4) Crossing-over
Sol. Answer (3)
Translocation is a phenomenon of transfer of a gene segment between non-homologus chromosome, i.e.,
different linkage group.
10. A true breeding plant is [NEET (Phase-2)-2016]
(1) One that is able to breed on its own
(2) Produced due to cross-pollination among unrelated plants
(3) Near homozygous and produces offspring of its own kind
(4) Always homozygous recessive in its genetic constitution
Sol. Answer (3)
True breeding line is one that, having undergone continuous self pollination, shows the stable trait inheritance
and expression for several generations. It is both homozygous recessive as well as dominant in genetic
constitution.
11. If a colour-blind man marries a woman who is homozygous for normal colour vision, the probability of their son
being colour-blind is [NEET (Phase-2)-2016]
(1) 0 (2) 0.5 (3) 0.75 (4) 1
Sol. Answer (1)
Colourblindness is X-linked recessive disease and shows criss-cross inheritance.
12. In a testcross involving F1 dihybrid flies, more parental-type offspring were produced than the recombinant-type
offspring. This indicates [NEET-2016]
(1) Both of the characters are controlled by more than one gene
(2) The two genes are located on two different chromosomes
(3) Chromosomes failed to separate during meiosis
(4) The two genes are linked and present on the same chromosome
Sol. Answer (4)
When two genes in a dihybrid cross are situated on the same chromosome, the proportion of parental gene
combinations are much higher than the non-parental or recombinant type.
13. Which of the following most appropriately describes haemophilia? [NEET-2016]
(1) Dominant gene disorder (2) Recessive gene disorder
(3) X-linked recessive gene disorder (4) Chromosomal disorder
Sol. Answer (3)
Haemophilia is X-linked recessive gene disorder. It is a blood clotting disorder and shows criss-cross inheritance.
Father Mother
Son Daughter
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60 Principles of Inheritance and Variation Solutions of Assignment
14. A tall true breeding garden pea plant is crossed with a dwarf true breeding garden pea plant. When the F1
plants were selfed the resulting genotypes were in the ratio of [NEET-2016]
(1) 3 : 1 : : Dwarf : Tall
(2) 1 : 2 : 1 : : Tall homozygous : Tall heterozygous : Dwarf
(3) 1 : 2 : 1 : : Tall heterozygous : Tall homozygous : Dwarf
(4) 3 : 1 : : Tall : Dwarf
Sol. Answer (2)
Parents - TT × tt
(Tall) (Dwarf)
On selfing
Pollen T t
egg
T TT Tt
(Tall) (Tall)
F2 generation
Tt tt
t (Tall) (dwarf)
Daughter (Carrier)
I
II
III
IV
[Re-AIPMT-2015]
(1) X-linked dominant (2) Autosomal dominant (3) X-linked recessive (4) Autosomal recessive
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62 Principles of Inheritance and Variation Solutions of Assignment
II aa Aa Aa Aa aa Aa
III Aa Aa Aa Aa aa Aa Aa
IV aa aa Aa
23. Alleles are [AIPMT-2015]
(1) Heterozygotes (2) Different phenotype
(3) True breeding homozygotes (4) Different molecular forms of a gene
Sol. Answer (4)
Alleles are slightly different molecular forms of the same gene.
24. The movement of a gene from one linkage group to another is called [AIPMT-2015]
(1) Crossing over (2) Inversion
(3) Duplication (4) Translocation
Sol. Answer (4)
Translocation is illegitimate crossing over between non-homologous chromosome.
25. Multiple alleles are present [AIPMT-2015]
(1) On non-sister chromatids (2) On different chromosomes
(3) At different loci on the same chromosome (4) At the same locus of the chromosome
Sol. Answer (4)
All alleles of a gene are located on the same loci of chromosome in population.
26. An abnormal human baby with 'XXX' sex chromosomes was born due to [AIPMT-2015]
(1) Fusion of two sperm and one ovum (2) Formation of abnormal sperms in the father
(3) Formation of abnormal ova in the mother (4) Fusion of two ova and one sperm
Sol. Answer (3)
Due to non-disjunction of X-chromosomes in mother
A + XX (egg) × A + X (sperm)
27. How many pairs of contrasting characters in pea plants were studied by Mendel in his experiments?
[AIPMT-2015]
(1) Seven (2) Five (3) Six (4) Eight
Sol. Answer (1)
7 pairs of contrasting characters in pea plant were studied by Mendel in his experiment.
28. Fruit colour in squash is an example of [AIPMT-2014]
(1) Recessive epistasis (2) Dominant epistasis
(3) Complementary genes (4) Inhibitory genes
Sol. Answer (2)
Dominant epistasis is the phenomenon of masking or supressing the expression of a gene by a dominant non-
allelic gene.
e.g., fruit colour in Cucurbita pepo (Summer squash)
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Solutions of Assignment Principles of Inheritance and Variation 63
29. A man whose father was colour blind marries a woman who had a colour blind mother and normal father. What
percentage of male children of this couple will be colour blind ? [AIPMT-2014]
(1) 25% (2) 0% (3) 50% (4) 75%
Sol. Answer (3)
X+Y X X+ Xc
X+ Y X+ Xc
31. In a population of 1000 individuals 360 belong to genotype AA, 480 to Aa and the remaining 160 to aa. Based
on this data, the frequency of allele A in the population is [AIPMT-2014]
(1) 0.4 (2) 0.5 (3) 0.6 (4) 0.7
Sol. Answer (3)
According to Hardy Weinberg principle, p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1; (p + q)2 = 1
(AA) p2 = 360 out of 1000 individual or p2 = 36 out of 100
q2 = 160 out of 1000 or q2 = 16 out of 100
so q = .16 = .4. As p + q = 1
so, p is 0.6.
32. If both parents are carriers for thalessemia, which is an autosomal recessive disorder, what are the chances
of pregnancy resulting in an affected child? [NEET-2013]
(1) 50% (2) 25% (3) 100% (4) No chance
Sol. Answer (2)
ATA × ATA
AA : AAT : ATAT
1 : 2 :1
25%
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64 Principles of Inheritance and Variation Solutions of Assignment
34. If two persons with 'AB' blood group marry and have sufficiently large number of children, these children could
be classified as 'A' blood group : 'AB' blood group : 'B' blood group in 1 : 2 : 1 ratio. Modern technique of
protein electrophoresis reveals presence of both 'A' and 'B' type proteins in 'AB' blood group individuals. This
is an example of [NEET-2013]
(1) Incomplete dominance (2) Partial dominance (3) Complete dominance (4) Codominance
Sol. Answer (4)
Both IA and IB give its expression.
35. Which Mendelian idea is depicted by a cross in which the F1 generation resembles both the parents?
[NEET-2013]
(1) Law of dominance (2) Inheritance of one gene
(3) Co-dominance (4) Incomplete dominance
Sol. Answer (3)
36. Which of the following statements is not true of two genes that show 50% recombination fequency ?
[NEET-2013]
(1) The genes are tightly linked
(2) The genes show independent assortment
(3) If the genes are present on the same chromosome, they undergo more than one crossovers in every
meiosis
(4) The genes may be on different chromosomes
Sol. Answer (1)
37. F2 generation in a Mendelian cross showed that both genotypic and phenotypic ratios are same as 1 : 2 : 1.
It represents a case of [AIPMT (Prelims)-2012]
(1) Monohybrid cross with complete dominance (2) Monohybrid cross with incomplete dominance
(3) Co-dominance (4) Dihybrid cross
Sol. Answer (2)
38. A normal-visioned man whose father was colour-blind, marries a woman whose father was also colour blind.
They have their first child as a daughter. What are the chances that this child would be colour-blind?
[AIPMT (Prelims)-2012]
(1) 25% (2) 50% (3) 100% (4) Zero percent
Sol. Answer (4)
C
XY X X X
C
Gametes : X Y X X
X Y
C C C
X XX X Y
X XX XY
100% daughter = Normal but 50% carrier
50% son – Colourblind
50% son – Normal
39. A test cross is carried out to [AIPMT (Mains)-2012]
(1) Determine the genotype of a plant at F2
(2) Predict whether two traits are linked
(3) Asses the number of alleles of a gene
(4) Determine whether two species or varieties will breed successfully
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Solutions of Assignment Principles of Inheritance and Variation 65
Sol. Answer (1)
TT × tt
Cross with
recessive parent
Tt
40. Represented below is the inheritance pattern of a certain type of traits in humans. Which one of the following
conditions could be an example of this pattern? [AIPMT (Mains)-2012]
Female Male
Mother Father
Daughter Son
(1) Phenylketonuria (2) Sickle cell anaemia (3) Haemophilia (4) Thalassemia
Sol. Answer (3)
Haemophilia is sex linked character.
41. Which one of the following is a wrong statement regarding mutations? [AIPMT (Mains)-2012]
(1) Deletion and insertion of base pairs cause frame-shift mutations
(2) Cancer cells commonly show chromosomal aberrations
(3) UV and Gamma rays are mutagens
(4) Change in a single base pair of DNA does not cause mutation
Sol. Answer (4)
Point mutation can cause mutation.
42. Which one of the following conditions correctly describes the manner of determining the sex in the given
example? [AIPMT (Prelims)-2011]
(1) Homozygous sex chromosomes (XX) produce male in Drosophila.
(2) Homozygous sex chromosomes (ZZ) determine female sex in Birds.
(3) XO type of sex chromosomes determine male sex in grasshopper
(4) XO condition in humans as found in Turner Syndrome, determine female sex
Sol. Answer (3)
AA – XO – A+ X
A+ O
43. When two unrelated individuals or lines are crossed, the performance of F1 hybrid is often superior of both its
parents. This phenomenon is called [AIPMT (Prelims)-2011]
(1) Metamorphosis (2) Heterosis
(3) Transformation (4) Splicing
Sol. Answer (2)
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66 Principles of Inheritance and Variation Solutions of Assignment
45. ABO blood groups in humans are controlled by the gene I. It has three alleles – IA, IB and i. Since there are
three different alleles, six different genotypes are possible. How many phenotypes can occur?
[AIPMT (Prelims)-2010]
(1) Three (2) One
(3) Four (4) Two
Sol. Answer (3)
46. Which one of the following cannot be explained on the basis of Mendel’s Law of Dominance?
[AIPMT (Prelims)-2010]
(1) Factors occur in pairs
(2) The discrete unit controlling a particular character is called a factor
(3) Out of one pair of factors one is dominant, and the other recessive
(4) Alleles do not show any blending and both the characters recover as such in F2 generation
Sol. Answer (4)
47. The genotype of a plant showing the dominant phenotype can be determined by [AIPMT (Prelims)-2010]
(1) Back cross (2) Test cross
(3) Dihybrid cross (4) Pedigree analysis
Sol. Answer (2)
48. Select the correct statement from the ones given below with respect to dihybrid cross
[AIPMT (Prelims)-2010]
(1) Tightly linked genes on the same chromosome show very few recombinations
(2) Tightly linked genes on the same chromosome show higher recombinations
(3) Genes far apart on the same chromosome show very few recombinations
(4) Genes loosely linked on the same chromosome show similar recombinations as the tightly linked ones
Sol. Answer (1)
Tightly linked gene will show less recombination.
49. A cross in which an organism showing a dominant phenotype is crossed with the recessive parent in order
to know its genotype is called [AIPMT (Mains)-2010]
(1) Monohybrid cross (2) Back cross (3) Test cross (4) Dihybrid ross
Sol. Answer (3)
50. Study the pedigree chart of a certain family given below and select the correct conclusion which can be drawn
for the character [AIPMT (Mains)-2010]
Aa aa Aa aa
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Solutions of Assignment Principles of Inheritance and Variation 67
51. ABO blood grouping is controlled by gene I which has three alleles and show co-dominance. There are six
genotypes. How many phenotypes in all are possible? [AIPMT (Mains)-2010]
(1) Six (2) Three (3) Four (4) Five
Sol. Answer (3)
52. The fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster was found to be very suitable for experimental verification of chromosomal
theory of inheritance by Morgan and his colleagues because: [AIPMT (Mains)-2010]
(1) It reproduces parthenogenetically
(2) A single mating produces two young flies
(3) Smaller female is easily recognisable from larger male
(4) It completes life cycle in about two weeks
Sol. Answer (4)
53. In Antirrhinum two plants with pink flowers were hybridized. The F1 plants produced red, pink and white flowers
in the proportion of 1 red, 2 pink and 1 white. What could be the genotype of the two plants used for
hybridization? Red flower colour is determined by RR, and white by rr genes. [AIPMT (Mains)-2010]
(1) rrrr (2) RR (3) Rr (4) rr
Sol. Answer (3)
Antirrhinum majus
RR × rr
F1 Rr
RR : Rr : rr
F2 1: 2 : 1
54. Which one of the following symbols and its representation, used in human pedigree analysis is correct?
[AIPMT (Prelims)-2010]
(1) = male affected (2) = mating between relatives
A– A–
aa Aa Aa aa
aa A–
57. Select the incorrect statement from the following: [AIPMT (Prelims)-2009]
(1) Galactosemia is an inborn error of metabolism
(2) Small population size results in random genetic drift in a population
(3) Baldness is a sex-limited trait
(4) Linkage is an exception to the principle of independent assortment in heredity
Sol. Answer (3)
Baldness is sex influenced character.
58. Haploids are more suitable for mutation studies than the diploids. This is because [AIPMT (Prelims)-2008]
(1) All mutations, whether dominant or recessive are expressed in haploids
(2) Haploids are reproductively more stable than diploids
(3) Mutagens penetrate in haploids more effectively than diploids
(4) Haploids are more abundant in nature than diploids
Sol. Answer (1)
59. Which one of the following conditions in humans is correctly matched with its chromosomal abnormality/
linkage? [AIPMT (Prelims)-2008]
(1) Down syndrome - 44 autosomes + XO
(2) Klinefelter syndrome - 44 autosomes + XXY
(3) Colour blindness - Y-linked
(4) Erythroblastosis foetalis - X-linked
Sol. Answer (2)
60. In the hexaploid wheat, the haploid (n) and basic (x) numbers of chromosomes are [AIPMT (Prelims)-2007]
(1) n = 21 and x = 7 (2) n = 7 and x = 21
(3) n = 21 and x = 21 (4) n = 21 and x = 14
Sol. Answer (1)
n=7
6n = 42
n = 21
x 7 (Monoploid)
63. Two genes R and Y are located very close on the chromosomal linkage map of maize plant. When RRYY and
rryy genotypes are hybridized, the F2 segregation will show [AIPMT (Prelims)-2007]
(1) Higher number of the parental types (2) Higher number of the recombinant types
(3) Segregation in the expected 9: 3: 3: 1 ratio (4) Segregation in 3:1 ratio
Sol. Answer (1)
64. In pea plants, yellow seeds are dominant to green. If a heterozygous yellow seeded plant is crossed with a
green seeded plant, what ratio of yellow and green seeded plants would you expect in F1 generation?
[AIPMT (Prelims)-2007]
(1) 3 : 1 (2) 50 : 50 (3) 9 : 1 (4) 1 : 3
Sol. Answer (2)
Yy × yy
Yy : yy
50 50
65. A human male produces sperms with genotypes AB, Ab, aB and ab pertaining to two diallelic characters in
equal proportions. What is the corresponding genotype of this person? [AIPMT (Prelims)-2007]
(1) AABB (2) AaBb (3) AaBB (4) AABb
Sol. Answer (2)
AaBb
AB, Ab, aB, ab
66. Which one of the following is the most suitable, medium for culture of Drosophila melanogaster ?
[AIPMT (Prelims)-2006]
(1) Moist bread (2) Agar agar (3) Ripe banana (4) Cow dung
Sol. Answer (3)
Cytoplasmic or mitochondrial inheritance is from mother side.
67. Phenotype of an organism is the result of [AIPMT (Prelims)-2006]
(1) Mutations and linkages
(2) Cytoplasmic effects and nutrition
(3) Environmental changes and sexual dimorphism
(4) Genotype and environment interactions
Sol. Answer (4)
68. In which mode of inheritance do you expect more maternal influence among the offspring ?
[AIPMT (Prelims)-2006]
(1) Autosomal (2) Cytoplasmic (3) Y-linked (4) X-linked
Sol. Answer (2)
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70 Principles of Inheritance and Variation Solutions of Assignment
69. How many different kinds of gametes will be produced by a plant having the genotype AABbCC?
[AIPMT (Prelims)-2006]
(1) Three (2) Four
(3) Nine (4) Two
Sol. Answer (4)
AAB bCC
2n 21 2
70. Which one of the following is an example of polygenic inheritance? [AIPMT (Prelims)-2006]
(1) Flower colour in Mirabilis jalapa (2) Production of male honey bee
(3) Pod shape in garden pea (4) Skin colour in humans
Sol. Answer (4)
71. In Mendel’s experiments with garden pea, round seed shape (RR) was dominant over wrinkled seeds (rr), yellow
cotyledon (YY) was dominant over green cotyledon (yy).What are the expected phenotypes in the F2 generation
of the cross RRYY x rryy? [AIPMT (Prelims)-2006]
(1) Only round seeds with green cotyledons
(2) Only wrinkled seeds with yellow cotyledons
(3) Only wrinkled seeds with green cotyledons
(4) Round seeds with yellow cotyledons and wrinkled seeds with yellow cotyledons
Sol. Answer (4)
RRYY × rryy
RY ry
RrYy
Y Round yellow
R
y Round green
Y
r Wrinkled
Y
72. Test cross involves [AIPMT (Prelims)-2006]
(1) Crossing between two genotypes with recessive trait
(2) Crossing between two F1 hybrids
(3) Crossing the F1 hybrid with a double recessive genotype
(4) Crossing bet
Sol. Answer (3)
73. If a colourblind woman marries a normal visioned man, their sons will be [AIPMT (Prelims)-2006]
(1) All normal visioned (2) One-half colourblind and one-half normal
(3) Three-fourths colourblind and one-fourth normal (4) All colourblind
Sol. Answer (4)
74. Cri-du-chat syndrome in humans is caused by the [AIPMT (Prelims)-2006]
(1) Fertilization of an XX egg by a normal Y-bearing sperm
(2) Loss of half of the short arm of chromosome 5
(3) Loss of half of the long arm of chromosome 5
(4) Trisomy of 21st chromosome
Sol. Answer (2)
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Solutions of Assignment Principles of Inheritance and Variation 71
75. A man and a woman, who do not show any apparent signs of a certain inherited disease, have seven children
(2 daughters and 5 sons). Three of the sons suffer from the given disease but none of the daughters are
affected. Which of the following mode of inheritance do you suggest for this disease?
[AIPMT (Prelims)-2005]
(1) Autosomal dominant (2) Sex-linked dominant (3) Sex-limited recessive (4) Sex-linked recessive
Sol. Answer (4)
XXc × XY
XCY or XX
Sex linked recessive
76. At a particular locus, frequency of ‘A’ allele is 0.6 and that of ‘a’ is 0.4. What would be the frequency of
heterozygotes in a random mating population at equilibrium? [AIPMT (Prelims)-2005]
(1) 0.16 (2) 0.48 (3) 0.36 (4) 0.24
Sol. Answer (2)
77. A woman with normal vision, but whose father was colour blind, marries a colourblind man. Suppose that the
fourth child of this couple was a boy. This boy: [AIPMT (Prelims)-2005]
(1) Must have normal colour vision
(2) Will be partially colourblind since he is heterozygous for the colourblind mutant allele
(3) Must be colourblind
(4) May be colourblind or may be of normal vision
Sol. Answer (4)
XXC X XCY
XCY or XX
78. Haemophilia is more commonly seen in human males than in human females because
[AIPMT (Prelims)-2005]
(1) This disease is due to an X-linked dominant mutation
(2) A greater proportion of girls die in infancy
(3) This disease is due to an X-linked recessive mutation
(4) This disease is due to a Y-linked recessive mutation
Sol. Answer (3)
79. A woman with 47 chromosomes due to three copies of chromosome 21 is characterized by
[AIPMT (Prelims)-2005]
(1) Down syndrome (2) Triploidy (3) Turner syndrome (4) Super femaleness
Sol. Answer (1)
2n + 1 21 chromosome
80. In order to find out the different types of gametes produced by a pea plant having the genotype AaBb, it should
be crossed to a plant with the genotype [AIPMT (Prelims)-2005]
(1) aaBB (2) AaBb (3) AABB (4) aabb
Sol. Answer (4)
AaBb × aabb
Dihybrid test cross
81. Which of the following is not a hereditary disease? [AIPMT (Prelims)-2005]
(1) Cretinism (2) Cystic fibrosis (3) Thalassaemia (4) Haemophilia
Sol. Answer (1)
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72 Principles of Inheritance and Variation Solutions of Assignment
82. The salivary gland chromosomes in the dipteran larvae, are useful in gene mapping because
[AIPMT (Prelims)-2005]
(1) These are much longer in size (2) These are easy to stain
(3) These are fused (4) They have endoreduplicated chromosomes
Sol. Answer (4)
84. Which one is the incorrect statement with regards to the importance of pedigree analysis?
(1) It helps to trace the inheritance of a specific trait
(2) It confirms that DNA is the carrier of genetic information
(3) It helps to understand whether the trait in question is dominant or recessive
(4) It confirms that the trait is linked to one of the autosome
Sol. Answer (2)
It is used to study inheritance of character.
85. In our society women are blamed for producing female children. Choose the correct answer for the sex-
determination in humans
(1) Due to some defect in the women
(2) Due to some defect like aspermia in man
(3) Due to the genetic make up of the particular sperm which fertilizes the egg
(4) Due to the genetic make up of the egg
Sol. Answer (3)
Next generation sex is determined by male.
88. If two pea plants having red (dominant) coloured flowers with unknown genotypes are crossed, 75% of the
flowers are red and 25% are white. The genotypic constitution of the parents having red coloured flowers will
be
(1) Both homozygous (2) One homozygous and other heterozygous
(3) Both heterozygous (4) Both hemizygous
Sol. Answer (3)
Rr × Rr
RR : Rr : rr
Red Red White
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Solutions of Assignment Principles of Inheritance and Variation 73
89. Walter Sutton is famous for his contribution to
(1) Genetic engineering (2) Totipotency
(3) Quantitative genetics (4) Chromosomal theory of inheritance
Sol. Answer (4)
90. A polygenic trait is controlled by 3 genes A, B and C. In a cross AaBbCc × AaBbCc, the phenotypic ratio of
the offsprings was observed as
1 : 6 : x : 20 : x : 6 : 1
What is the possible value of x?
(1) 3 (2) 9 (3) 15 (4) 25
Sol. Answer (3)
Polygenic inheritance – 3 genes
1 : 6 : 15 : 20 : 15 : 6 : 1
92. Mendel's principle of segregation means that the germ cells always receive
(1) One pair of alleles (2) One quarter of the genes
(3) One of the paired alleles (4) Any pair of alleles
Sol. Answer (3)
95. Haploids are more suitable for mutation studies than the diploids. This is because
(1) All mutations, whether dominant or recessive are expressed in haploids
(2) Haploids are reproductively more stable than diploids
(3) Mutagens penetrate in haploids more effectively than diploids
(4) Haploids are more abundant in nature than diploids
Sol. Answer (1)
96. Which one of the following conditions in humans is correctly matched with its chromosomal abnormality/
linkage?
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74 Principles of Inheritance and Variation Solutions of Assignment
97. The genes, which remain confined to differential region of Y-chromosome, are
(1) Autosomal genes (2) Holandric genes
(3) Completely sex-linked genes (4) Mutant genes
Sol. Answer (2)
98. The colour blindness is more likely to occur in males than in females because
(1) The Y-chromosome of males have the genes for distinguishing colours
(2) Genes for characters are located on the X-chromosomes
(3) The trait is dominant in males and recessive in females
(4) None of these
Sol. Answer (2)
99. Albinism is a congenital disorder resulting from the lack of the enzyme
(1) Tyrosinase (2) Xanthine oxidase (3) Catalase (4) Fructokinase
Sol. Answer (1)
Loss of pigment caused by Tyrosinase.
100. An abnormal human male phenotype involving an extra Y-chromosome (XYY) is a case of
(1) Edward’s syndrome (2) Jacob syndrome (3) Intersex (4) Down’s syndrome
Sol. Answer (2)
Trisomy of Y-Chromosome
101. The phenomenon, in which an allele of one gene suppresses the activity of an allele of another gene, is known
as
(1) Epistasis (2) Dominance
(3) Suppression (4) Inactivation
Sol. Answer (1)
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Solutions of Assignment Principles of Inheritance and Variation 75
103. When two dominant independently assorting genes react with each other producing effect jointly they are called
(1) Collaborative genes (2) Complementary genes
(3) Duplicate genes (4) Supplementary genes
Sol. Answer (2)
Both gene complement each other to give new expression.
104. A genetically diseased father (male) marries with a normal female and gives birth to 3 carrier girls and 5 normal
sons. It may be which type of genetical disease?
(1) Sex-influenced disease (2) Blood group inheritance disease
(3) Sex-linked disease (4) Sex-limited disease
Sol. Answer (3)
XDY × XY
5 Normal son (XY), 3(XXD) carrier daughter
105. A person whose father is colour blind marries a lady whose mother is daughter of a colour blind man. Their
children will be
(1) All sons colour blind
(2) Some sons normal and some daughters colour blind
(3) All sons and daughters colour blind
(4) All daughter normal
Sol. Answer (4)
C
XY × XX / X X
All normal daughter
106. In which of the following disease, the individual has one less X-chromosome?
(1) Turner’s syndrome (2) Klinefelter’s syndrome
(3) Bleeder’s disease (4) Down’s syndrome
Sol. Answer (1)
AA – XO (2n – 1) Monosomic
107. H.J. Muller had received Nobel Prize for
(1) His studies on Drosophila for genetic study
(2) Proving that the DNA is a genetic material
(3) Discovering the linkage of genes
(4) Discovering the induced mutations by X-rays
Sol. Answer (4)
108. The polygenic genes show
(1) Different karyotypes (2) Different genotypes (3) Different phenotypes (4) None of these
Sol. Answer (3)
Skin shade of human being.
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76 Principles of Inheritance and Variation Solutions of Assignment
109. Foetal sex can be determined by examining cells from the amniotic fluid by looking for
(1) Chiasmata (2) Kinetochore
(3) Barr bodies (4) Autosomes
Sol. Answer (3)
AA : AAa : AaAa
1 2 1
25%
115. How many different types of genetically different gametes will be produced by a heterozygous plant having the
genotype AABbCc?
(1) Six (2) Nine (3) Two (4) Four
Sol. Answer (4)
AA Bb Cc
3n 32 9
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Solutions of Assignment Principles of Inheritance and Variation 77
116. When a single gene influences more than one traits it is called
(1) Pseudodominance (2) Pleiotropic (3) Epistasis (4) None of these
Sol. Answer (2)
Sickle cell anemia
117. Mental retardation in man, associated with sex chromosomal abnormality is usually due to
(1) Moderate increase in Y complement (2) Large increase in Y complement
(3) Reduction in X complement (4) Increase in X complement
Sol. Answer (4)
Increase in X complement
118. Loss of a X-chromosome in a particular cell, during its development, results into
(1) Gynandromorphs (2) Meta female (3) Triploid individual (4) Myotonic dystrophy
Sol. Answer (1)
119. If Mendel had studied the seven traits using a plant with 12 chromosomes instead of 14, in what way would
his interpretation have been different?
(1) He would not have discovered the law of independent assortment
(2) He would have discovered sex linkage
(3) He could have mapped the chromosome
(4) He would have discovered blending or incomplete dominance
Sol. Answer (1)
120. A woman with two genes for haemophilia and one gene for colour blindness on one of the ‘X’ chromosomes
marries a normal man. How will the progeny be?
(1) 50% haemophilic colour-blind sons and 50% haemophilic sons
(2) 50% haemophilic daughters and 50% colour blind daughters
(3) All sons and daughters haemophilic and colour-blind
(4) Haemophilic and colour-blind daughters
Sol. Answer (1)
XhXC
121. In human beings, multiple genes are involved in the inheritance of
(1) Sickle cell anaemia (2) Skin colour (3) Colour blindness (4) Phenylketonuria
Sol. Answer (2)
Polygenic inheritance
122. Haemophilic man marries a normal woman. Their offsprings will be
(1) All haemophilic (2) All boys haemophilic (3) All girls haemophilic (4) All normal
Sol. Answer (4)
XhY × XX
All normal
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78 Principles of Inheritance and Variation Solutions of Assignment
123. A marriage between normal visioned man and colour blind woman will produce offspring
(1) Colour blind sons and 50% carrier daughters (2) 50% colourblind sons and 50% carrier daughters
(3) Normal males and carrier daughters (4) Colour blind sons and carrier daughters
Sol. Answer (4)
XY × XCXC
XCY XCX
124. In hybridization, Tt × tt gives rise to the progeny in the ratio
(1) 2 : 1 (2) 1 : 2 : 1 (3) 1 : 1 (4) 1 : 2
Sol. Answer (3)
Tt × tt
Tt : tt
1:1
125. According to Mendelism, which character shows dominance?
(1) Terminal position of flower (2) Green colour in seed coat
(3) Wrinkled seeds (4) Green pod colour
Sol. Answer (4)
126. Due to the cross between TTRr × ttrr the resultant progenies show what percent of tall, red flowered plants?
(1) 50% (2) 75%
(3) 25% (4) 100%
Sol. Answer (1)
TTRrr × ttrr
TR Tr × br
TR Tr
tr TtRr ttrr
1 1
127. In Drosophila, the XXY condition leads to femaleness whereas in human beings the same condition leads to
Klienfelter’s syndrome in male. It proves
(1) In human beings, Y chromosome is active in sex determination
(2) Y chromosome is active in sex determination in both human beings and Drosophila
(3) In Drosophila, Y chromosome decides femaleness
(4) Y chromosome of man has genes for syndrome
Sol. Answer (1)
128. Independent assortment of genes does not take place when
(1) Genes are located on homologous chromosomes
(2) Genes are linked and located on same chromosome
(3) Genes are located on non-homogenous chromosomes
(4) All of these
Sol. Answer (2)
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Solutions of Assignment Principles of Inheritance and Variation 79
129. Mendel obtained wrinkled seeds in pea due to deposition of sugars instead of starch. It was due to which
enzyme?
(1) Amylase (2) Invertase
(3) Diastase (4) Absence of starch branching enzyme
Sol. Answer (4)
132. A and B genes are linked. What shall be genotype of progeny in a cross between AB/ab and ab/ab?
(1) AAbb and aabb (2) AaBb and aabb (3) AABB and aabb (4) aaBB × Aabb
Sol. Answer (2)
A a a a
B b × b b
A a
B b
a A a a a
b B b b b
1 : 1
134. If recombination frequency between AB genes is 20% and BC gene is 40% and interference is 30% in the
case of double cross over then what will be coincidance under this condition?
(1) 2.4 (2) 8 (3) 5.6 (4) 0.7
Sol. Answer (4)
C+I=1
0.3 + 0.7 = 1
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80 Principles of Inheritance and Variation Solutions of Assignment
143. On selfing a plant of F1-generation with genotype ‘’AABbCC’’, the genotypic ratio in F2-generation will be
(1) 1 : 2 : 1 (2) 1 : 1
(3) 9 : 3 : 3 : 1 (4) 27 : 9 : 9 : 9 : 3 : 3 : 3 : 1
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Solutions of Assignment Principles of Inheritance and Variation 81
Sol. Answer (1)
AABbCC
ABC
2 type gamete AbC 1 : 2 : 1
ABC AbC
ABC AABBCC AABbCC
ABC AABbCC AAbbCC
144. A diseased mans marries a normal woman. They get three daughters and five sons. All the daughters were
diseased and sons were normal. The gene of this disease is
(1) Sex linked dominant (2) Sex linked recessive
(3) Sex limited character (4) Autosomal dominant
Sol. Answer (1)
XDY × XX
D
(3. +) X X : XY (5 Sons)
+
145. Down’s syndrome is caused by an extra copy of chromosome number 21. What percentage of offspring is
produced by an affected mother and a normal father?
(1) 100% (2) 75%
(3) 50% (4) 25%
Sol. Answer (3)
147. Two crosses between the same pair of genotypes or phenotypes in which the sources of the gametes are
reversed in one cross, is known as
(1) Test cross (2) Reciprocal cross
(3) Dihybrid cross (4) Reverse cross
Sol. Answer (2)
+
148. The genes controlling the seven pea characters studied by Mendel are now known to be located on how many
different chromosomes?
(1) Seven (2) Six
(3) Five (4) Four
Sol. Answer (4)
1, 4, 5, 7
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82 Principles of Inheritance and Variation Solutions of Assignment
149. Which one of the following traits of garden pea studied by Mendel was a recessive feature ?
(1) Axial flower position (2) Green seed colour
(3) Green pod colour (4) Round seed shape
Sol. Answer (2)
150. Moustaches, beard and horseness in voice in human males are examples of
(1) Sex-linked traits (2) Sex limited traits
(3) Sex differentiating traits (4) Sex determining traits
Sol. Answer (2)
152. One of the parents of a cross has a mutation in its mitochondria. In that cross, that parent is taken as a male.
During segregation of F2 progenies that mutation is found in
(1) One-third of the progenies (2) None of the progenies
(3) All the progenies (4) Fifty percent of the progenies
Sol. Answer (2)
Mitochondrial inheritance is cytoplasmic inheritance
153. Lack of independent assortment of two genes A and B in fruit fly Drosophila is due to
(1) Repulsion (2) Recombination
(3) Linkage (4) Crossing over
Sol. Answer (3)
Two genes are present on same chromosome.
154. What kind of evidence suggested that man is more closely related with chimpanzee than with other hominoid
apes?
(1) Evidence from DNA from sex chromosomes only
(2) Comparison of chromosomes morphology only
(3) Evidence from fossil remains, and the fossil mitochondrial DNA alone
(4) Evidence from DNA extracted from sex chromosomes, autosomes
Sol. Answer (4)
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Solutions of Assignment Principles of Inheritance and Variation 83
Sol. Answer (3)
156. A male human is heterozygous for autosomal genes A and B and is also hemizygous for haemophilic gene
h. What proportion of his sperms will be abh?
(1) 1/8 (2) 1/32 (3) 1/16 (4) 1/4
Sol. Answer (1)
Aa Bb XhY
1 1 1 1
⇒
2 2 2 8
157. A self-fertilizing trihybrid plant forms
(1) 8 different gametes and 64 different zygotes (2) 4 different gametes and 16 different zygotes
(3) 8 different gametes and 16 different zygotes (4) 8 different gametes and 32 different zygotes
Sol. Answer (1)
158. There are three genes a, b, c. Percentage of crossing over between a and b is 20%, b and c is 28% and a
and c is 8%. What is the sequence of genes on chromosome?
(1) b, a, c (2) a, b, c (3) a, c, b (4) None of these
Sol. Answer (1)
20 a 8 c
b
28%
bac
159. The linkage map of X-chromosome of fruit fly has 66 units, with yellow body gene (y) at one end and bobbed
hair (b) gene at the other end. The recombination frequency between these two genes (y and b) should be
(1) 66% (2) > 50% (3) 50% (4) 100%
Sol. Answer (3)
y b
RT Rt rt
+ RT Rt
rt RrTt Rrtt
50 50
161. A normal woman, whose father was colour blind is married to a normal man. The sons would be
(1) 75% colour blind (2) 50% colour blind
(3) All normal (4) All colour blind
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84 Principles of Inheritance and Variation Solutions of Assignment
XCY, XY
Colour blind
162. De Vries gave his mutation theory on organic evolution while working on
(1) Pisum sativum (2) Drosophila melanogaster
(3) Oenothera lamarckiana (4) Althea rosea
Sol. Answer (3)
163. Triticale, the first man-made cereal crop, has been obtained by crossing wheat with
(1) Barley (2) Rye
(3) Pearl millet (4) Sugarcane
Sol. Answer (2)
Rye Scalea cereals
164. Normally DNA molecule has A-T, G-C pairing. However, these bases can exist in alternative valency status owing
to rearrangements called
(1) Frame-shift mutation (2) Tautomerisational mutation
(3) Analog substitution (4) Point mutation
Sol. Answer (2)
A T Tautomerisational mutation
G C Tautomerisational mutation
A T Amino Imino group
165. The most striking example of point mutation is found in a disease called
(1) Down’s syndrome (2) Sickle cell anaemia
(3) Edward syndrome (4) Night blindness
Sol. Answer (2)
A
Replaced by
G Transition
Pu
Purine
173. The most likely reason for the development of resistance against pesticides in insects damaging a crop is
(1) Random mutations (2) Genetic recombination
(3) Directed mutations (4) Acquired heritable changes
Sol. Answer (1)
174. When two genetic loci produce identical phenotypes in cis and trans position, they are considered to be
(1) Multiple alleles (2) The parts of same gene
(3) Pseudoalleles (4) Different genes
Sol. Answer (3)
When two adjacent genes occupy different gene locus but performer regulate same function.
175. What base is responsible for hot spots for spontaneous point mutations?
(1) 5-bromouracil (2) 5-methylcytosine
(3) Guanine (4) Adenine
Sol. Answer (2)
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86 Principles of Inheritance and Variation Solutions of Assignment
176. Nucleus of a donor embryonal cell/somatic cell is transferred to an enucleated egg cell. Then after the formation
of organism, what shall be true?
(1) Organism will have extranuclear genes of the donor cell
(2) Organism will have extranuclear genes of recipient cell
(3) Organism will have extranuclear genes of both donor and recipient cell
(4) Organism will have nuclear genes of recipient cell
Sol. Answer (2)
Organism contain Extra chromosome DNA of recepient cell
177. Genes for cytoplasmic male sterility in plants are generally located in
(1) Chloroplast genome (2) Mitochondrial genome
(3) Nuclear genome (4) Cytosol
Sol. Answer (2)
178. Extranuclear inheritance is the consequence of presence of genes in
(1) Mitochondria and chloroplasts
(2) Endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria
(3) Ribosomes and chloroplast
(4) Lysosomes and ribosomes
Sol. Answer (1)
SECTION - D
Assertion-Reason Type Questions
1. A : Turner's syndrome generally does not occur in males.
R : Foetus with 44 + YO complement generally dies.
Sol. Answer (1)
Because absence of X chromosome
2. A : Sickel cell anaemia occurs due to the point mutation.
R : mRNA produced from Hb(s) gene has GAG instead of GUG.
Sol. Answer (3)
GUG Valine
GAG Glutamine
3. A : Holandric traits are passed from one generation to the next generation.
R : These traits appear more frequently in one sex than in other.
Sol. Answer (3)
Hoalandric genes are Y linked.
4. A : Dominance is not an autonomous feature of a gene.
R : It depends as much on the gene product and the production of a particular phenotype from this product.
Sol. Answer (1)
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Solutions of Assignment Principles of Inheritance and Variation 87
5. A : The posssibility of a female becoming a haemophilic is extremely rare.
It is X linked recessive
R : These can be identified easily as both affect different characters, providing separate phenotypes.
These genes occupy different location on a chromosome but they regulate same feature.
8. A : The heterozygotic female for haemophilia may transmit the disease to sons.
11. A : Mendel gave postulates like "principles of segregation and principles of independent assortment" after
studying seven pairs of contrasting traits in garden pea.
R : He was lucky in selecting seven characters in pea that were located on seven different chromosomes.
12. A : Test cross is the tool for knowing linkage between genes.
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88 Principles of Inheritance and Variation Solutions of Assignment
R : It is intermediate inheritance with neither of the two alleles of a gene being dominant over each other.
Because of incomplete dominance they allele cannot give its expression completely in figuration.
15. A : en block inheritance of all genes located on the same chromosome may occur in some organisms.
16. A : Morgan's cross III was conducted in Drosophila to locate genes on chromosome for white eye colour.
R : The cross was done between red eyed hybrid female and white eyed male.
R : These are controlled by autosomal genes which are influenced by the sex of bearer.
18. A : One drum stick per nucleus is present in the neutrophil of normal female.
19. A : Blood group phenotype is controlled by presence or absence of antigens present on surface coating of
RBC.
R : These antigens are of three types and found in the oligosaccharides rich head regions of a glycophorin.
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