Sanskrit by Cassette Lesson 7 Visarga Sandhi Masculine and Feminine Nouns in § and 3 Verbs of the 4" 6" and 10" Houses (Gana)Visarga Sandhi - rer tater In Sanskrit, when 2 letters are juxtaposed-e-g. the final letter of one word meeting the beginning letter of the following word, there often occurs a natural change. Such changes serve to resolve disharmonies between letters, and therefore allow for an uninterrupted continuity of euphonic resonance. This is called Sandhi- "the harmonizing of sounds”, Already in lesson 2, the laws of Vowel Sandhi have beenleamed. This lesson will cover Visarga sandhi, orthe changes which occur when he first wordends with visarga (+ as in 7) and the following word begins with various letters ofthe Sanskrit alphabet. For example: In the 2 well known mantras, 3% AW: RAPT and 3% AAT ATTTOTA the word FA: has undergone a change in the latter. This is because: Visarga (2) is a hard sound (unvoiced or non-resonant) Inthe former case, visargais followed by a hard sound ®. The two hard sounds are compatible in this case (although we will see some changes occuring between hard sounds) and therefore there is no change. If you repeat the mantra, you hear that they are compatible In the latter case, visarga is followed by a soft sound #1. The two sounds are incompat- ible. If you repeat the mantra, you can hear that they are incompatible, The first does not reso- nate - the second does. Therefore 7: becomes AT. Repeat, and notice the harmony. Visarga Sandhi Rules can be divided into nwo categories: L. Visarga followed by a Hard letter. IL. Visarga followed by a Soft letter. Vowels Hams € TE ut om ot x OF @ | Consonants | Enclosed 7 a | The rest, letters are including Hard Suelo Vowels, oe | =z z wT are Soft. | a [eae eet ay Tt a aq*Option - I. Visarga followed by a Hard letter 1) Visarga () followed by 2G a NO CHANGE ee aa: ares ae: afer ares: ret 3a: aa ae: aerate a: are a aa Ge: fom, Wt we: srr: Brahe ot: at a: warts: at: avs: ares: oa Prem: wat ark: water Fa: OFT af rata aye: urea aah: got 28: afte: aan: aft ome: 2: fro: cof are: sata * anion: areata ara: anata * aa fears qa aR aa: aa a ata * at: oad + ag: RTH at: aa Ga Visarga (:) followed by 1 A can optionally become HG A respectively. arent oo ameimaft ase ee fee 2) Visarga () followed by A/D becomes A (A) \ Z/B becomes = T | A/A — vecomes ) ares: Tele = areata apr a ent: a = amg tg ar: faeaafa = aefaeaata av: fara = ara ait: ania = atta Tay Fes = ae eT ter: create - Farecrenta wa: fom - water aaa: dary = Tents * wor begining ih oH nor ely to scr aa Asam dar qair- area afte caf = afte 2