J. Env. Bio-Sci., 2016: Vol.

30 (1):59
(59) ISSN 0973-6913 (Print), ISSN 0976-3384 (On Line)

CHROMOSOMAL STUDY OF TENUALOSA ILISHA FISH FROM

SHATT - AL - ARAB RIVER
Majeed Hussein Majeed
Dentistry College, Misan University, Iraq.
[Corresponding author E-mail: khitam_36@yahoo.com]

Received: 08-01-2016 Accepted: 14-03-2016

This study was done to fix some database about genetic and chromosomes number of Tenualosa ilisha and determine the shape
of these chromosomes to give some benefit in classification and breeding enhancement by using genetic engineering in future
studies. Thirty five live samples of Tenualosa ilisha were collected from the Shatt Al-Arab river, Iraq. Standard procedures for
chromosomal preparation from the head kidney tissue were used. The results showed that there are five groups of chromosomes
which are easily distinguished, the diploid chromosomes number of Tenualosa ilisha were found to be 2n=42. Gimsa stained
metaphase spread showed diploid set of 42 chromosomes are presented in 5 pairs of metacentric chromosomes, 8 pairs of
submetacentrie chromosomes, 3 pairs of telo-centric and 4 acrocentric chromosomes. One sexual dimorphism of the Tenualosa
ilisha chromosomes were detected undifferentiated shape in somatic karyotype.

Karyotype is the systematized collection of the chromosomes
of single cell prepared for photograph capture and an ideogram
is a drawn representation of karyotype and may be depend on
the measurements of the chromosomes of several or many
cells. Mostly, fish chromosomes are usually small in sizes
compared with other vertebrates and for chromosomal studies
to done on fish depending on basic morphology and number of
chromosomes that obtained Tenualosa ilisha1, are the sub-
family Alosinae of the family Clupeidae (Clupeiformes, Pisces),
Its marine distribution extends from Iran and Iraq in the Arabian
Gulf to the west coast of India in the Arabian Sea and the Bay
of Bengal2. Tenualosa ilisha is the largest single fishable
species in Bangladesh, and at present contributing to
approximately 12% of the total fish production and 20% of
fishery-capture3.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Thirty five live specimens of Tenualosa ilisha were collected
from the shaat al-arab river, Iraq(Fig.-1). Standard procedures
for chromosomal preparation from the head kidney tissue were
chromosomes number of Tenualosa ilisha were found to be
2n=42. Gimsa stained metaphase spread showing a diploid
set of 42 chromosomes is presented in 5 pairs of metacentric
chromosomes, 8 pairs of submetacentrie chromosomes, 3
pairs of telo-centric and 4 acrocentric chromosomes. One
sexual dimorphism of the Tenualosa ilisha chromosomes were
detected undifferentiated shape in somatic karyotypes (Fig.-
2). At metaphase chromosomes can be most easily recognized
and counted while in their natural state they lie closely packed
and must be separated for identification also a high
concentration of cell in metaphase desirable. This study done
to fix some database about genetic and chromosomes number
of Tenualosa ilisha and determine the shape of these
chromosomes to give some benefit in classification and
breeding enhancement by using genetic engineering in future
studies.
REFERENCES
1. Al-Sabti, K.(1985). Fish Biol.J.26,5.
2. Pillay S.R., Rosa H.,(1963). In: Jr Synopsis of biological data on

used4.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The results shows that there are five groups of chromosomes
which are easily distinguished by number and arrange
according to length, shape and decreasing in size the diploid
hilsa, Hilsa ilisha (Hamilton 1882) n. 25 Rome: FAO Fish Biol
Synops; .
3. DoF.(2006). In: Fishery Statistical Year Book of Bangladesh 2005-
2006. 23rd edition. Government of the People's Republic of
Bangladesh: Department of Fisheries.
4. Sugiyama, T.(1971). Nalt. Cancer inst., 47: 1264. 19.

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Fig.-1 . Shows live sample of Tenualosa ilisha were hunted from the Shaat Al-Arab River, Iraq.

Fig.-2. Metaphase chromosomes of Tenualosa ilisha 2n=42.

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