2.

Lecture 1 (Wind Design): For the structure shown below, and with the following
characteristics, determine the wind loads on the NS and EW main structural systems:
* 4 stories, story height of 15 ft. for first floor and 14 ft. for other floors.
* Building height (to roof) = 57 ft; additional 3 ft. parapet (total height = 60 ft)
* Plan Dimension: 150 ft. x 240 ft.
* Occupancy: Office building
* Location: Charlottesville, Virginia (38.029, -78.477)
* Soils: Very dense soils & soft rock
* Risk Category II
* Lateral force resisting system: Perimeter steel braced frames (NS);
Steel interior braced frames (EW)

Wind Speed:
Building is Risk Category 2, so use 26.5-1B
Charlottesville is very close to the 110 mph contour, so V = 110 mph

Exposure Category, Topographic factor, and Enclosure Classification:

The surrounding buildings and vegetation meet criteria for Exposure B per 26.7.3
(City surroundings up to 1200 ft away)
No significant terrain features per section 26.8.2, so Kzt = 1.0
Building is enclosed per Section 26.12

Use Table 27.5-1 for wind pressures on walls:

h = 57ft (must determine load on parapet separately) (will need to interpolate)
Aspect ratio = 0.625 or 1.6 (will need to interpolate)

L/B = 1.6 ph16 := 22.4 psf po16 := 17.9 psf

L/B = 0.625 ph0625 := 24.3 psf po0625 := 19.8 psf

Parapet pressure: 27.5.2

Use h = 60, L/B = 1.0, multiply by factor of 2.25
pp := 2.25 24.8 = 55.8 psf
Table 27.6-2 for wind pressures on the roof: (Load case 1)
Assume a flat roof (θ = 0)
h = 57 ft (need to interpolate)

Zone 3: p3 := -31.3 psf Zone 4: p4 := -28 psf Zone 5: p5 := -22.9 psf

Apply Exposure factor of 0.748 for Exposure B with height 57 ft: (table 27.5-2)
(found using interpolation)

Zone 3: p3 := 0.748 p3 Zone 4: p4 := 0.748 p4 Zone 5: p5 := 0.748 p5

(Load case 2 wind pressures on roof are all 0, so load case 2 can be ignored)

We have wind pressures. Now we need to apply the loads to the building:
Need to define a frame for the EW and NS directions
Want to use steel
Want to use strong column weak beam

Use minimum spacing - 30 ft in NS, 40 ft in EW

Beam - W18x55
Column - W24x104
(we will use these frames in problem 3 as well)
Start with the NS direction:
Perimeter frame, so only the 2 external frames will apply.
Resolve all wind pressures and split in half.

______________
pp = 55.8 psf

3 ft
10 ft
__________________________
ph0625 = 24.3 psf 24.3 psf
_____________
14 ft 23.7 psf
______________
14 ft
______________
14 ft 22.6 psf
______________
14 ft
______________
14 ft 21.5 psf
______________
14.5 ft
______________
15 ft 20.4 psf
po0625 = 19.8 psf
7.5 ft

 ( Load1 + Load2)  ( Height)  Width

 
Story :=
 2 2 
=
1000

 ( 20.4 + 21.5)  ( 14.5)  75  ( 21.5 + 22.6)  ( 14)  75

   
Story1 :=
 2  = 22.783kip Story2 :=
 2  = 23.152 kip
1000 1000

 ( 22.6 + 23.7)  ( 14)  75  ( 23.7 + 24.3)  ( 7)  75

   
Story3 :=
 2  = 24.307 kip Story4 :=
 2  = 12.6 kip
1000 1000

( 55.8 3  75)
Story4 := Story4 + = 25.155 kip
1000

( p3 75)
Zone 3: 28.5 ft of Z3 := = -1.756 klf
1000
( p4 75)
Zone 4: 28.5 ft of Z4 := = -1.571 klf
1000
( p5 75)
Zone 5: 183 ft of Z5 := = -1.285 klf
1000
NEXT with the EW direction:
Perimeter frame, so only the 2 external frames will apply.
Resolve all wind pressures and split in half.

______________
pp = 55.8 psf

3 ft

__________________________
ph16 = 22.4 psf 10 ft 22.4 psf
_____________
14 ft 21.8 psf
______________
14 ft
______________
14 ft 20.7 psf
______________
14 ft
______________
14 ft 19.6 psf
______________
14.5 ft
______________
15 ft 18.5 psf
po16 = 17.9 psf
7.5 ft

 ( Load1 + Load2)  ( Height)  Width

 
Story :=
 2  =
1000

 ( 18.5 + 19.6)  ( 14.5)  40  ( 19.6 + 20.7)  ( 14)  40

   
Story1 :=
 2  = 11.049kip Story2 :=
 2  = 11.284 kip
1000 1000

 ( 20.7 + 21.8)  ( 14)  40  ( 21.8 + 22.4)  ( 7)  40

   
Story3 :=
 2  = 11.9kip Story4 :=
 2  = 6.188 kip
1000 1000

( 55.8 3  40)
Story4 := Story4 + = 12.884 kip
1000

( p3 40)
Zone 3: 28.5 ft of Z3 := = -0.936 klf
1000
( p4 40)
Zone 4: 28.5 ft of Z4 := = -0.838 klf
1000
( p5 40)
Zone 5: 183 ft of Z5 := = -0.685 klf
1000
3. Determine gravity loads for a typical interior, exterior, and corner bay. Assume a minimum column
spacing of 30 ft. in the short direction and 40 ft. in the long direction.

Total floorplan = 150 ft. x 240 ft.

5 bays x 6 bays
30 ft. x 40 ft. span lengths
Use 3 30' beams - 10' slab spacing

By aci 318-14, slab thickness = L/24

10'/24 = 5"
Concrete load = 150 pcf = 62.5 psf
Ponding allowance = 6.25 psf
MEP loading = 5 psf
Ceiling loading = 3 psf
misc/fireproofing = 4 psf

Total = 80.75 psf dead load

____\ N
/
Live Load is a typical office - 50 psf, uniformly distributed along the floor
Live Load reduction on secondary beams: (all interior)
KLL = 2.0 by table 4.7-1
AT = 10' x 30' = 300 ft^2
KLL x AT = 600 ft^2 > 400 ft^2, so can do live load reduction

Lsec := 50 0.25 +  = 43.119 psf

15

 600 

Load on secondary members:

self weight of 30 plf
Use load combo of 1.2D + 1.6L

[ ( 80.75 10 + 30)  1.2 + Lsec 10 1.6]

wsec := = 1.695 klf
1000

Live Load reduction on primary interior beams:

KLL = 2.0 by table 4.7-1
AT = 40' x 30' = 1200 ft^2
KLL x AT = 2400 ft^2 > 400 ft^2, so can do live load reduction

Lsec := 50 0.25 +  = 27.809 psf

15

 2400 

Load on primary members:

self weight of 55 plf -> 66 plf
Use load combo of 1.2D + 1.6L

[ ( 80.75 10 + 30)  1.2 + Lsec 10 1.6]  30

pointprimary := 2    = 43.498 kip
 1000  2

Live Load reduction on primary exterior beams in NS direction:

KLL = 2.0 by table 4.7-1
AT = 40' x 15' = 600 ft^2
KLL x AT = 1200 ft^2 > 400 ft^2, so can do live load reduction

Lsec := 50 0.25 +  = 34.151 psf

15

 1200 

Load on primary members:

self weight of 55 plf -> 66 plf
Use load combo of 1.2D + 1.6L

 [ ( 80.75 10 + 30)  1.2 + Lsec 10 1.6]   30 = 23.271 kip

pointprimary :=  
 1000  2
Live Load reduction on interior columns:
KLL = 4.0 by table 4.7-1
AT = 40' x 30' = 1200 ft^2
KLL x AT = 4800 ft^2 > 400 ft^2, so can do live load reduction

Lsec := 50 0.25 +  = 23.325 psf

15

 4800 

Load on primary members:

self weight of 55 plf -> 66 plf
Use load combo of 1.2D + 1.6L

[ ( 80.75 10 + 30)  1.2 + Lsec 10 1.6]  30

pointprimary := 2    = 41.346 kip
 1000  2

( 66 40)
column := 5  pointprimary + = 209.371kip
1000

Live Load reduction on edge columns: (NS edge)

KLL = 4.0 by table 4.7-1
AT = 40' x 15' = 600 ft^2
KLL x AT = 2400 ft^2 > 400 ft^2, so can do live load reduction

Lsec := 50 0.25 +  = 27.809 psf

15

 2400 

Load on primary members:

self weight of 55 plf -> 66 plf
Use load combo of 1.2D + 1.6L

pointprimary :=  [ ( 80.75 10 + 30)  1.2 + Lsec 10 1.6]   30 = 21.749 kip

 
 1000  2

( 66 40)
column := 5  pointprimary + = 111.386kip
1000
Live Load reduction on edge columns: (EW edge)
KLL = 4.0 by table 4.7-1
AT = 20' x 30' = 600 ft^2
KLL x AT = 2400 ft^2 > 400 ft^2, so can do live load reduction

Lsec := 50 0.25 +  = 27.809 psf

15

 2400 

Load on primary members:

self weight of 55 plf -> 66 plf
Use load combo of 1.2D + 1.6L

[ ( 80.75 10 + 30)  1.2 + Lsec 10 1.6]  30

pointprimary := 2    = 43.498 kip
 1000  2

( 66 20)
column := 2.5 pointprimary + = 110.066 kip
1000

Live Load reduction on corner columns:

KLL = 2.0 by table 4.7-1
AT = 20' x 15' = 300 ft^2
KLL x AT = 600 ft^2 > 400 ft^2, so can do live load reduction

Lsec := 50 0.25 +  = 43.119 psf

15

 600 

Load on primary members:

self weight of 55 plf -> 66 plf
Use load combo of 1.2D + 1.6L

 [ ( 80.75 10 + 30)  1.2 + Lsec 10 1.6]   30 = 25.423 kip

pointprimary :=  
 1000  2

( 66 20)
column := 2.5 pointprimary + = 64.879 kip
1000
Interior Beam:

Interior Girder:

Exterior Girder:
*NOTE* you were not expected to determine the loads on the columns for this assignment