Significant Changes to the Wind

Load Design Procedures of

ASCE 7-10
Presented by:
T. Eric Stafford
T. Eric Stafford & Associates, LLC

ASCE 7-10
 Available May 2010
 Most comprehensive update to wind load
provisions since ASCE 7-98
 Referenced in the 2012 IBC and the 2012 IRC
 Referenced in the 2010 Florida Building Codes
(Primary references in the Building and Residential
Codes)

1
ASCE 7-10

ASCE 7-10 Wind Provisions

 Topics Discussed
 Reorganization
 New wind speed maps
 Directional Procedure
 Envelope Procedure
 Components and Cladding
 Minimum Design Wind Loads
 Rooftop Structures

2
ASCE 7-10 Reorganization
 ASCE 7-05: Chapter 6 contains all wind provisions
 ASCE 7-10:
6 new Chapters (Chapters 26-31)
 Step by step design procedure provided at the beginning
of each method
 Intent is to clarify the applicability of the wind provisions

ASCE 7-10 Reorganization

 Chapter 26 – General Requirements
 Scoping
 Definitions
 Wind speed map
 Exposure
 Gust factor
 Topographic factor

3
ASCE 7-10 Reorganization
 Chapter 27 – MWFRS Directional Procedure
 Buildings
of all heights method
 New simplified method for buildings with h ≤ 160 ft

ASCE 7-10 Reorganization

 Chapter 28 – MWFRS Envelope Procedure
 Low-rise buildings method
 Simplified method for simple diaphragm buildings

4
ASCE 7-10 Reorganization
 Chapter29 – MWFRS Other Structures and
Appurtenances
 Signs
 Rooftop structures
 Other structures

ASCE 7-10 Reorganization

 Chapter 30 – Components and Cladding
 Analytical method for h ≤ 60 ft
 Simplified method for h ≤ 60 ft
 Analytical method for h > 60 ft
 Simplified method for h ≤ 160 ft
 Analytical method for free roofs
 Building appurtenances

10

5
ASCE 7-10 Reorganization
 Chapter 31 – Wind Tunnel Procedure

11

ASCE 7-10 Basic Wind Speeds

 Basicwind speeds didn’t changed at all from ASCE 7-98
through ASCE 7-05

 3-secgust wind speeds introduced in ASCE 7-95 to replace

fastest-mile wind speeds

 Minor adjustments between ASCE 7-95 and ASCE 7-98

12

6
ASCE 7-10 Basic Wind Speeds
3 new maps
 Risk Category II (700 year return period)
 Risk category III and IV (1700 year return period)
 Risk Category I (300 year return period)

 Strength design-based or “Ultimate” wind speeds

 Risk
Category replaces the term Occupancy
Category

13

ASCE 7-10 Basic Wind Speeds

 Risk Categories replace Occupancy Categories
 Risk Category I Occupancy Category I
 Risk Category II Occupancy Category II
 Risk Category III Occupancy Category III
 Risk Category IV Occupancy Category IV

 Table 1.5-1
 Table 1604.5 in IBC

14

7
ASCE 7-10
Strength Design Load Combinations
 1.4D

 1.2D + 1.6L + 0.5(Lr or S or R)

 1.2D + 1.6(Lr or S or R) + (L or 0.5W)
 1.2D + 1.0W + L + 0.5(Lr or S or R)
 1.2D + 1.0E + L + 0.2S
 0.9D+ 1.0W
 0.9D + 1.0E

15

ASCE 7-10
Allowable Stress Design Load Combinations
D

D +L
D + (Lr or S or R )
D + 0.75L + 0.75(Lr or S or R)
D + (0.6W or 0.7E)
D + 0.75L + 0.75(0.6W) + 0.75(Lr or S or R)
D + 0.75 L + 0.75 (0.7 E) + 0.75S
 0.6D + 0.6W
 0.6D + 0.7E
16

8
Risk
Category II

Risk
Category II

18

9
Risk Category III
and IV

19

Risk Category
III and IV

10
Risk
Category I

21

Risk
Category I

11
 ASCE 7-10 Basic Wind Speeds
 Implications
 Net wind loads are decreasing

 New data suggests ASCE 7-05 wind speeds are

conservative

23

Additional Data in New Model

2000 Current
Parameter Model Model Increase
Number of full scale wind speed traces (with maximum wind 63 245 390%
recorded) used to validate windfield model
Number of dropsonde profiles used to verify marine 0 650
boundary layer model
Number of hurricanes used to develop Holland B model 17 35 100%
Number of landfall hurricanes 167 189 13%
Number of landfall intense hurricanes (defined by pressure) 70 84 20%
Number of hurricanes used to develop filling model 38 57 68%
Number of years of landfall data used to develop model 96 107 11%

24

12
 Comparison of (V700/√1.6) to ASCE 7-05 Wind
Speeds

25

110
130

140

110

110

140
120
150 130 130
150

140

13
 120
150 130
140

90 90
100 110
110

Design Pressure Comparisons

Percent Difference in
V V Comparable Design
City ASCE 7- ASCE 7-10 Pressures
05/2007 FBC (est.) Exp B Exp D2,3
Inland Coastal
Pensacola 140 155 -27% -12%
Tampa 123 145 -17% 0%
Orlando 110 135 -10% NA
Miami-Dade1 146 175 -14%1 +3%
Broward1 140 170 -12%1 +6%
Tallahassee 110 118 -31% NA
Gainesville 100 125 -7% NA
Jacksonville 120 125 -35% -22%

28

14
ASCE 7-10
Chapter 27 – MWFRS Directional Procedure
 New simplified method
 Applies to
 Enclosed building
 Simple diaphragm building
 h ≤ 160 ft
 Class 1 or Class 2 building

29

ASCE 7-10
Chapter 27 –
MWFRS Directional
Procedure

30 30

15
31 31

32

16
33

34

17
ASCE 7-10
Chapter 27 – MWFRS Directional Procedure

35 35

36

18
37

38

19
ASCE 7-10
Chapter 27 – MWFRS Directional Procedure
 Roofloads are tabulated for all wind speeds at
various mean roof heights for Exposure Category C
 Note
1 provides conversion factors for Exposure
Categories B or D

39

ASCE 7-10
Chapter 27 – MWFRS Directional Procedure
 Simplified
method also addresses parapets and
roof overhangs
 Torsional
Load Cases have to be considered
unless requirements of Appendix D are met

40

20
ASCE 7-10
Chapter 28 MWFRS Envelope Procedure

41

ASCE 7-10
Chapter 28 MWFRS Envelope Procedure
 Key Changes to GCp
 Eliminated phrase “Direction of MWFRS Being Designed”
 Corrected the application of the End Zones (Zone 2a) on
the roof
 Reintroduced Load Case B

42

21
43

44

22
45

46

23
ASCE 7-10
Chapter 28 MWFRS Envelope Procedure

47

ASCE 7-10
Chapter 28 MWFRS Envelope Procedure - Simplified

48

24
49

50

25
 51

ASCE 7-10
Chapter 28 MWFRS Envelope Procedure

52

26
ASCE 7-10
Chapter 30 – Simplified h ≤ 160 ft

53

ASCE 7-10
Chapter 30 – Simplified h ≤ 160 ft

54

27
 55

Partial table
56

28
 EAF
57

Reduction
Factors

58 58

29
ASCE 7-10
Minimum Design Wind Loads
 ASCE 7-05 requires minimum wind load to not be
less than 10 psf multiplied by the vertical projection
of building
 Particular impact on low-rise buildings

59

ASCE 7-10
Minimum Design Wind Loads
 Oftenover-rides lateral design provisions from the
analytical procedures
 Canrequire same lateral resistance in low wind
areas as in the highest hurricane-prone regions for
many buildings

60

30
ASCE 7-10
Minimum Design Wind Loads
 Minimum wind load on vertical projection of roof
reduced to half the minimum lateral load on wall

61

ASCE 7-10
Minimum Design Wind Loads
 Higher numbers due to ultimate wind speeds
 16 psf x 0.6 = 9.6 psf = 10 psf
 8 psf x 0.6 = 4.8 psf = 5 psf

62

31
ASCE 7-10
Minimum Design Wind Loads

63

ASCE 7-10
Chapter 29 – Rooftop Equipment

64

32
ASCE 7-10
Chapter 29 – Rooftop Equipment

65

ASCE 7-10
Chapter 29 – Rooftop Equipment

66

33
ASCE 7-10
Chapter 29 – Rooftop Equipment

67

ASCE 7-10
Chapter 29 – Rooftop Equipment

68

34
 The End
T. Eric Stafford, P.E.

testafford@charter.net

205/987-9034

69

35