5
Different Fluidized Bed Systems
Bubbling Fludized Bed
Velocity
Gas
Stationary Fluidized Bed
characterised by:
¾ Low gas velocities
(Pyrite : 0,4 – 1,5 m/s)
¾ Grain Size: 70 µm – 6 mm
¾ Bubbling bed with defined
bed surface
¾ Limited solids carry over
¾ Low slip velocity
¾ Number of plants: 264
Circulating Fluidized Bed Flash Reactor
Increasing
Solids solids density
Increasing Expansion
Circulating Fluidized Bed is Transport Reactor
characterised by: characterised by:
¾ Higher gas velocity ¾ Very high gas velocities
(Pyrite: 3 – 6 m/s) ¾ Minimum slip velocity
¾ Grain Size: 55% minus 38 µm (gold)
¾ Increased solids entrainment
¾ Intensive internal and external
recycle of solids
¾ Maximum slip velocity
¾ Very intensive mixing
¾ Excellent heat and mass transfer rates
¾ Number of plants: 172
6
Example of Pyrite roasting plants

Gidji ETI Tongling

(Gold) (Pyrite) (Pyrite/Pyrrhotite)
Location Kalgoorlie/Australia Bandirma/TurkeyTongling/China
Roaster Type CFB SFB SFB
Roaster Grate Area m² 8.5 100 138
flot.
Raw Material flot. Pyrite flot. Pyrite
Pyrite/Pyrrothite
Feed slurry dry (9% H2O) dry (6% H2O)
S content in feed wt% 33 48 37
Capacity t/d 575 650 1130
Roast Temperature °C 640 850 900
Steam Production t/h no steam 43 82
Steam Parameters MPa/C no steam 4.2/400 3.82/450
Cinder t/h 20 20 41
Offgas Roaster Nm³/h 58,000 60,000 100,000
Acid Production t/d no acid 750 1200
Power Consumption RoastingkW 1000 1250 1400