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SWIMMING POOLS
TECHNICAL SERVICES STANDARD
International Edition
Edition V1.0 August 2011
This document has been published by Accor exclusively for use in executing its own projects.
Its distribution or reproduction for other uses (in full or in part) is forbidden.
TECHNICAL INSTALLATIONS
► Building Services DB3000
DHW Installations using thermal solar panels DB3120
Lifts DB3400
Criteria for Telephone Cabling DB3513
Fire Detection and Alarm DB3610
1. - PREAMBLE .............................................................................................................................................................. 6
1.1. - PURPOSE AND SCOPE ................................................................................................................................................. 6
1.2. - BASIC ASSUMPTIONS................................................................................................................................................... 6
2. - GENERAL CONCEPT FOR POOL WATER ......................................................................................................... 6
2.1. - INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................................................................. 6
2.2. - POOL LEGISLATION ...................................................................................................................................................... 7
2.3. - HEALTH AND SAFETY – RISK ANALYSIS ...................................................................................................................... 7
2.4. - « ACCOR » GROUP POOL PERFORMANCE CRITERIA ................................................................................................. 7
2.5. - POOL AND SPA SYSTEMS – BASIC PRINCIPLES .......................................................................................................... 8
2.6. - SYSTEM SCHEMATICS 1 - CONCEPTUAL SCHEMATIC FOR STANDARD ACCOR SPEC' INTERNAL POOL 1................. 9
2.7. - SYSTEM SCHEMATICS 2 - CONCEPTUAL SCHEMATIC FOR ACCOR SPEC' EXTERNAL POOL ................................... 10
A........................................................................................................................................................................................... 11
2.8. - SYSTEM SCHEMATICS 3 - OPTIMAL SYSTEM SCHEMATIC FOR ULTIMATE ACCOR SPEC' INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL
POOLS ................................................................................................................................................................................. 11
2.9. - APPLICABLE TECHNOLOGY........................................................................................................................................ 12
B. ................................................................................................................................................................................... 12
2.10. - W ATER TREATMENT PLANT ROOM SPACE REQUIREMENTS .................................................................................. 12
3. - POOL WATER SYSTEM CONCEPT ................................................................................................................... 13
3.1. - MAKE-UP WATER TREATMENT ................................................................................................................................... 13
3.2. - POOL W ATER FILTRATION ......................................................................................................................................... 16
3.3. - COAGULANTS ............................................................................................................................................................. 16
3.4. - FLOCCULANTS ........................................................................................................................................................... 16
3.5. - OXIDATION CATALYST ............................................................................................................................................... 16
3.6. - DISINFECTION ............................................................................................................................................................ 16
3.7. - BACKWASH ................................................................................................................................................................ 17
3.8. - FILTER MEDIUM ......................................................................................................................................................... 17
3.9. - EQUIPMENT SIZING CRITERIA..................................................................................................................................... 17
3.9.1. - PUMPS: ................................................................................................................................................................... 17
3.9.2. - FILTERS: ................................................................................................................................................................. 18
3.9.3. - ZPM UNITS: ............................................................................................................................................................ 19
3.9.4. - DOSING PUMPS: ..................................................................................................................................................... 19
3.10. - POOL HYDRAULICS.................................................................................................................................................. 19
3.10.1. - INLETS: ................................................................................................................................................................. 19
3.10.2. - OVERFLOWS:........................................................................................................................................................ 19
3.10.3. - OUTLET GRILLES: ................................................................................................................................................. 19
3.10.4. - W ATER BALANCING TANKS:.................................................................................................................................. 20
3.11. - TEMPERATURE REGULATION ................................................................................................................................... 20
3.12. - BACKWASH RECYCLING – MEMBRANE FILTRATION ................................................................................................ 20
3.13. - BUILDING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM - SURVEILLANCE AND MONITORING .................................................................. 21
3.14. - MANUAL ANALYSES, SURVEILLANCE AND MONITORING ........................................................................................ 21
3.15. - CHEMICAL STORAGE CONDITIONS.......................................................................................................................... 22
4. - PLUMBING SYSTEMS CONCEPT ...................................................................................................................... 23
4.1. - PRIMARY HOT W ATER HEATING ............................................................................................................................... 23
4.2. - HEAT RECLAIM........................................................................................................................................................... 23
4.3. - PLUMBING SERVICES FOR POOL W ATER NEEDS ..................................................................................................... 23
5. - HVAC SYSTEMS CONCEPTS ............................................................................................................................. 24
5.1. - GENERAL ................................................................................................................................................................... 24
5.2. - OUTDOOR W EATHER CONDITIONS ........................................................................................................................... 24
5.3. - INTERNAL CLIMATIC CONDITIONS ............................................................................................................................... 24
5.4. - EXTERNAL HEAT LOADS ............................................................................................................................................. 25
5.5. - INTERNAL HEAT LOADS .............................................................................................................................................. 25
The CONSTRUCTORS shall assume full responsibility for the design, the execution and the technical supervision of the works.
The ACCOR documents shall not be a substitute for the project drawings, specifications, technical notices and working
drawings which shall be prepared by the CONSTRUCTORS.
The documents produced by ACCOR, and the work for which they are appointed in order to integrate Brand criteria, shall in no
way relieve the CONSTRUCTORS of their responsibilities or of the guarantees resulting from these responsibilities.
Note: Accor has referenced specific equipment and/or suppliers. Please enquire from Accor’s country construction
department for information applicable to your project.
The document is intended to be used as a Client’s The pool filters most of its water via water treatment
guide for design professionals around the world recycling systems, with make-up water used only to
knowledgeable in the various technical subjects compensate for the effects of evaporation,
required for pool construction. backwash and other minor losses. The present
document does not address open through flow
As such the scope of this document is limited to that pools, whether fresh or sea water based.
of a Client Brief, with all ultimate design
responsibilities remaining with the design Heating of pool water is applicable to most pools,
professionals. including those under tropical climates. Omission of
heating will be reviewed on a case-by-case basis.
The document addresses each technical trade
separately, and any interaction as needed. For the purposes of the HVAC section, the pool is
assumed to be indoors.
Due to the international nature of this document,
local regulations must be adhered to by design All systems described herein assume that regular,
professionals, in all cases where these regulations professional-grade or near professional-grade
might exceed or differ markedly from the maintenance is provided to keep the systems in
recommendations herein. optimal operation.
2.6. - SYSTEM SCHEMATICS 1 - CONCEPTUAL SCHEMATIC FOR STANDARD ACCOR SPEC' INTERNAL
POOL 1
2.8. - SYSTEM SCHEMATICS 3 - OPTIMAL SYSTEM SCHEMATIC FOR ULTIMATE ACCOR SPEC' INTERNAL
OR EXTERNAL POOLS
Use of sand, mixed bed media or non-certified The surface area of the plant room will depend on
crushed glass media in filters, or use of the character of the various pools and on the
diatomaceous earth filters will result in either turnover rate that is applicable.
increased running costs and reduced stability and Example:
security and is therefore not recommended in Accor - for a hotel pool 20m x 5m x 1.35m deep =>
group pools. Ozone and/or UV filtered systems Turnover = 100 x 0.4 = 40m3/h: Turnover
require more highly trained operatives and are also every 3.4 hours
simply not necessary in a properly specified and - for a spa of 2m³ => turnover = 5 x volume =
dimensioned system. They will only complicate pool 10m3/h.
management and increase operating costs.
The schematic plant room layout below is indicative
Most countries specifically prohibit the use of any of the plant room space requirement for the above
other disinfection method than chlorination in public typical sample pool.
pools. Chlorine, with appropriate flocculants, will N.B. balance tanks and chemical storage area are
therefore be the preferred disinfection method for not included.
use in all Accor group pools. Care must
nevertheless be exercised to ensure that liquid
chlorine used for pool disinfection is strictly chlorate
free. If this is not available then use of a chlorine
generator is the preferred option.
B.
A flow meter will be installed prior to the filter in all In the case of single filters this requirement may be
circuits in order to monitor flow rates both during satisfied by use of either variable rate inverters to
filtration and during backwash. regulate the speed of the pumps or with the
assistance of either secondary, standby pumps or
An electrically-driven air compressor will be specific backwash circuits.
provided as an integral part of the backwash
installation. The use of standby pumps is not recommended for
saltwater pools where salt crystallisation in any
3.8. - FILTER MEDIUM equipment at rest will cause accelerated wear of
seals. In these cases, the use of variable rate
Sand will not reliably satisfy the performance inverters to allow shared duty pumps to run at 50%
requirements of this brief and will not therefore be duty and to run at higher speed in case of any
acceptable as filter medium. pump failure is recommended.
Filtration medium will be AFM®, or approved equal, N.B. Whereas variable rate inverters can be an
electrically activated amorphous aluminosilicate expensive add-on, they will offer the opportunity for
glass with the following specific characteristics: slower filtration rate during the night or during
periods of sustained low usage and can offer
positive charge organic adsorption (OAD) resultant substantial operational cost savings. For
number greater than 10 this reason use of variable rate inverters is strongly
High surface electrical charge density Zeta recommended in all cases.
potential > -70mv
compliant with European Water Directive
(98/83/EC) & (80/778/EEC)
manufactured under ISO9001-2008 quality
procedures
Uniformity coefficient better than 1.5
Sphericity factor better than 0.8
All filters will be nozzle plate bed filters equipped If fitted, automated valves will either be
with lateral access hatch and window for inspection pneumatically operated on 5 valve manifolds for
of the medium at the bed/water interface. Filters will larger filters or equivalent motorised 'Besco' type, or
further have a generously dimensioned volute approved equal, valves for filters of 1.25mØ or less.
(chamber above the bed) in order to allow room for In all cases the sequencing should be automated
minimum 20% expansion of the bed during but the backwashing sequence should be manually
backwash and to serve as a reaction chamber for triggered in order to ensure proper supervision at all
efficient flocculation. times. Backwash valves must be ‘normally closed’
in order to negate the risk of drainage of the pool or
Only vertical filters should be used, either in GRP or of flooding of the plant room in the event of power
in steel with cathode protection. On no account failure.
should bobbin wound GRP filters or horizontal filters
be used. Manometers will be installed to measure the
pressure drop across the filter bed. Remote
monitoring and recording of differential pressure is
also recommended.
The primary heat source will normally be boiler Both tanks should be dimensioned to accommodate
fed but alternative heat sources such as solar the maximum volume of water discharged by any
panels, heat pumps etc. can also be considered single backwash cycle. The membrane filter is
and are strongly recommended where they can normally dimensioned in order to re-treat backwash
offer a long term economic advantage. water overnight so that backwash sequences on
other filters can be programmed for the next day. A
single backwash recovery system can cater for a
series of filters on the same or on different circuits.
4.1. - PRIMARY HOT WATER HEATING Flow. Care shall be taken to coordinate Primary
side controls with secondary side sensors,
Primary Hot water is water generated by the HVAC
particularly when involving separate contractors on
equipment (HW boiler, HW booster, etc.) to supply
either side of Heat Exchangers.
heat to the primary side of Pool Water or Jacuzzi
Water heat exchangers.
Every motorized system will be fitted with an
Sizing of heating devices for pool heating will take
emergency stop button nearby, and always
into account the following parameters:
according to local regulations.
• Water Volume
• Water Surface exposed to air 4.2. - HEAT RECLAIM
• Exposure to wind (outdoor pool)
• Exposure to sun (outdoor pool) Whenever possible, heating for pools and Jacuzzis
• Air temperature and humidity shall be derived from reclaimed heat from cooling
• Presence of edge overflow features systems or any other source of reclaimed heat.
• Ability to slow the pool filtration turnover Care shall be taken to size heat exchanges based
rate at night on actual entering and leaving temperatures of
primary hot water.
Heating devices will be generously sized to ensure The use of solar based hot water heating shall be
reasonably rapid rises in temperature (not less than explored whenever possible.
1°C every four hours).
4.3. - PLUMBING SERVICES FOR POOL WATER
Heating devices will be sized to be able to maintain NEEDS
30°C water at all times – special cases will be Plumbing service for Pool Water needs shall be
reviewed on a case-by-case basis. coordinated with the Pool specialist. These
services will consist as a minimum of:
Heat exchangers will be made from chlorine and Water make-up for pool and Jacuzzi
salt resistant materials both on the inside and the systems
outside of the device. Generally, the heat Water outlets with non-return valve, manual
exchangers will be made of titanium and all small
elements such as screws, bolts, etc. will be made of valve and hose bib for cleaning of chemicals
stainless steel 316L. and technical rooms in each pool equipment
room
Controls for Primary Pool Water heating will be Floor drain in each pool equipment room
based either on Fixed Flow / Variable Temperature Evacuation system for backwash water
on the Primary side of Heat exchangers or Variable
6 – Fire dampers
Operation of auxiliary contacts for signalling, fire
control, alarm, etc.
6.1. - GENERAL
6.6. - CONTROLS
All systems shall be designed in order to protect
users and maintenance crews from any danger in Controls for the pool equipment will be located in
use or during maintenance procedures. the pool room, ideally within the electrical board
dedicated to the pool equipment. Pool equipment
6.2. - EQUIPMENT controls will be driven from a dedicated PLC with
BMS connection as described in the Pool System
All equipment requiring maintenance (lights, music
section above.
speakers, etc.) will be located away from locations
Other controls will be located in the vicinity of the
difficult to access due to water bodies
equipment they serve (HVAC, Plumbing, Lighting,
etc.).
6.3. - ELECTRICAL SUPPLY
Lighting controls for the pool area will be located
Electrical supply will be provided in the main pool away from the public, outside the pool room proper,
plant room for each MCC or Controls board. If ideally in a location with a view on the pool room.
power quality is an issue, consideration should be
given to surge arrestors and voltage stabilisers. 6.7. - LIGHTING
Pool water lighting will be carried out via LED
6.4. - ELECTRICAL CABLES AND
sources. Lighting sources for the pool room will be
CONNECTIONS
chosen to minimise energy spending and provide
Electrical cables shall be rated for their environment harmonious even lighting in all areas.
(aggressive chemical or exterior) as needed. Light sources shall not be directly visible from any
Connections shall be watertight in all areas where point of the pool area.
water is present.
6.8. - EMERGENCY LIGHTING
6.5. - MAIN ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION
Emergency lighting shall be provided in all areas to
BOARD
ensure orderly egress in the event of a power cut.
The main electrical board shall be located in the Emergency lighting shall be battery-backed with
main pool plant room to allow direct visual contact remote testing facility.
with pumps, electric valves, aerators, etc. The
board shall be installed off the ground to ensure no 6.9. - TELEPHONE LINE
damage in the event of a major leak in the pool
A telephone line will be provided in each technical
plant room. All constitutive elements of the board
room to allow calls to emergency services.
shall be rated for humid and aggressive chemical
environments. Boards for HVAC or plumbing
equipment will be located in close proximity to said
equipment and rated according to the room where
they are located.
Many of the above can also supply other equipment such as Public Pool references
filters etc.
DIN standard Filters - European manufacturers: Edinburgh Leisure manage all public pools in Edinburgh and
http://www.behncke.com/ Lothian Region Scotland,
http://en.technol.si/ 3.3 million clients per annum 80% of pools equipped with AFM
http://www.tecnofil-industries.com/ South Lanarkshire District Council - 11 pools
http://www.erkoc.net Leisuredrome, Bishopbriggs, Glasgow. Scotland
http://www.calplas.com/ Kirkintolloch Leisure Centre, Kirkintilloch, Scotland
Inverurie Swimming Pool & Leisure Centre, Aberdeen, Scotland,
Besco Valves Littlehampton Swimming Pool and Sports Centre, Southampton.
http://www.besgo.ch/ England.
Dosage Control Systems Swimming Club Sabadell, Spain
http://www.sensys.ltd.uk/ Club Natació Terrassa (Swimming Club) Spain
http://www.prominent.co.uk/ Club Esportiu Mediterrani (Sport Club), Spain
http://www.water.siemens.com/en/aquatics_and_leisure/commer Club Natacio Joan Pelegrí (Swimming Club), Spain
cial_pools/Pages/default.aspx Escuela Sagrado Corazón (School), Spain
Piscina Municipal El Sagnier Aj. El Prat Llobregat (Municipal
Chlorine Generators pool) Spain
http://severntrentservices.com/en_us/LiteratureDownloads/Docu Complex Esportiu Baldiri Aleu (Sport complex) Spain
ments/500_0405EU.pdf Centre d’Alt rendiment Car Sant Cugat (High performance
center) Spain
Analysis equipment Poliesportiu Municipal La Bordeta (Municipal pool) Spain
http://www.palintest.com/ Centre Atletic Laietania (Athletic Center) Spain
http://www.lovibond.com/ Club Natacio Atletic Barceloneta (Swimming Club) Spain
Las Arenas Complex San Juan (Alicante) Spain
Bahia Complex Madrid, Spain
Piscine de Chevreuse, France
8.2. - HOTEL GROUPS CURRENTLY USING AFM Piscine de Carpiquet, France
Piscine de Saint Amand Les Eaux, France
Luxury Prestige Hotels Other references in Germany and Switzerland pending
Al Jumeira Beach group hotels in Dubai, Abu Dhabi and London
Gleneagles Hotel, Perthshire, Scotland
Crieff Hydro, Perthshire, Scotland Private pool references
Celtic Manor Hotel, Bridgend, Wales - AFM installation planned
St David's Hotel & Spa, Cardiff Bay, Wales - - AFM installation
80% of private pools in Switzerland equipped with AFM
planned
Significant percentage of private pools also in Germany, Holland
and Spain