UM18MB502 QM-1

Introduction to Descriptive Statistics – Practice Problems

Measures of Central Tendency: Mean Median and Mode.

1. Calculate arithmetic mean of the weight of 10 students in a class
Sl. No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Weight (in kg) 42 56 49 50 49 53 52 48 47 54
{Ans. x̅ = 50 Kgs}
2. Find the i) Lower quartile ii) Upper quartile iii) 7th decile iv) 60th percentile for the
following distribution.
Wages (Rs.) 30-40 40-50 50-60 60-70 70-80 80-90 90-100
No. of persons 1 3 11 21 43 32 9
{Ans. Q1 = Rs. 67.14 Q3 = Rs. 83.43 D7 = Rs. 81.56 P60 = Rs. 78.37}

3. For a certain frequency table which has only been partly reproduced here, mean
was found to be 1.46.
No. of accidents 0 1 2 3 4 5 Total
Frequency (no, of days) 46 ? ? 25 10 5 200
Calculate the missing frequencies. {Ans. Missing frequencies are x = 76, y = 38}
4. Calculate the average profits from the following data of 120 firms.
Profits No. of firms Loss No. of Firms
15 0-1000 5
5000-6000
20 1000-2000 6
4000-5000
35 2000-3000 8
3000-4000
15 3000-4000 3
2000-3000
5 4000-5000 2
1000-2000
6
0-1000
{Ans. Average Profits of companies is Rs.2433.33}
5. Compute the median and 63rd percentile from the following details
Weight (kgs.) 0-4 5-9 10-14 15- 19 20-24 25-29
No. of bags 5 7 10 8 6 4
{Ans. Median = 13.5Kgs; P63 = 16.5Kgs}

6. Find the mean, median and mode for the following data.
x: 30-39 40-49 50-59 60-69 70-79 80-89 90-99
f: 2 3 11 20 32 25 7
{Ans. x̅ = 72.5 ; Median = 73.875; Mode = 75.816}

Compiled by: Prof. M R Sai Prawin, MBA Dept., PES University

 7. From the data given below find the average income per head of the group and the
average expenditure per family. Which families spend more/less than the average
expenditure & by how much?
Family : A B C D E F
Total Income : 402.50 300.50 480.60 161.25 252.80 310.7
Exp. per head : 62.00 36.50 51.25 36.00 42.50 89.25
No. of members in family : 5 7 6 3 2 2
{Ans. Average Income per head = Rs.76.34;
Average expenditure Per family = Rs.207.417;
Family A spends Rs. 102.58 More than Average family Expenditure;
Family B spends Rs. 48.08 More than Average family Expenditure;
Family C spends Rs. 100.08 More than Average family Expenditure;
Family D spends Rs. 99.42 Less than Average family Expenditure;
Family E spends Rs. 122.42 Less than Average family Expenditure;
Family F spends Rs. 28.92 Less than Average family Expenditure}

Measures of Dispersion: Standard Deviation, Variance, Skewness,

kurtosis, Box and whisker plot, Outliers
1. Find i) Interquartile Range ii) Quartile deviation for the following distribution.
CI 0-15 15-30 30-45 45-60 60-75 75-90 90-105
F 8 26 30 45 20 17 4
{Ans. IQR = 30.875; QD = 15.4375}
2. From the prices X and Y of shares A and B respectively given below, state which is more
stable in value:
Price of Share A 55 54 52 56 58 52 50 51 49

Price of Share B 108 107 105 106 107 104 103 104 101

{Ans. CoVA = 5.262%; CoVB = 2.008%; Hence Prices of share B are more stable}
3. The following is the information about the settlement of an industrial dispute in a
factory. Comment on the gains and losses from the point of view of workers and that of
management.

Before After
Number of workers 3000 2900
Mean wages (Rs.) 2200 2300
Median wages (Rs.) 2500 2400
Standard deviation 300 260
{Ans. Workers:
 Average wages per worker increased - Increase in Mean.
 More Workers drawing higher wages were been fired. – Decrease in median.
 Variations in Wages among workers have decreased – decrease in CoV.
 100 Workers lost Jobs.
Management:
Compiled by: Prof. M R Sai Prawin, MBA Dept., PES University
  Dependency on workers reduced – reduction in no of workers.
 Total wages have increased by Rs.70,000. }
4. Following is the distribution of daily wages of workers of Two factories.
Wages (in Rs) 50-60 60-70 70-80 80-90 90-100
No. of workers Factory A 2 7 10 6 5
No. of workers Factory B 3 8 13 4 2
i) In which factory is total daily wages more?
ii) In which factory is daily wages variation more?
{Ans. i) Total daily wages in factory A = Rs.2300; Total daily wages in factory B =
Rs.2190; Hence in Factory A, Daily wages are more. (ii) CoVA = 15.093%; CoVB =
13.88%; Hence daily wages variation is more in Factory A}

5. The following data relates to the number of accidents in 30 cities. Find Karl Pearson's co-
efficient of skewness:
No. of accidents 10 11 12 13 14 15
No. of cities 2 4 10 8 5 1
{Ans. x̅ = 12.4333 accidents; Z = 12 accidents ; σ = 1.202313 accidents;
x̅−Z
Coef of SK P = σ = 0.360416}
6. Find the Skewness from the following data

Marks 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60 60-70

No of Students 8 12 20 30 15 10 15
{Ans. x̅ = 36.091 Marks; Z = 34 Marks; SK P = x̅ − Z = 2.091 Marks}

Compiled by: Prof. M R Sai Prawin, MBA Dept., PES University