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MODULE- 50C
Earth pressure theories, effect of water table, layered soils.
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1. An unsupported excavation is made to the
maximum possible depth in a clay soil 3. A 3 m high retaining wall is supporting a
having 𝛾𝑡 = 18 kN/m3, c = 100 kN/m3, saturated sand (saturated due to capillary
∅ =30 ° . The active earth pressure, action) of bulk density 18 kN/m3 and
according to Rankine's theory, at the base angle of shearing resistance 30 ° . The
level of the excavation is change in magnitude of active earth
(a) 115.47 kN/m2 (b) 54.36 kN/m2 pressure at the base due to rise in ground
(c) 27.18 kN/m2 (d) 13.kN/m2 water table from the base of the footing to
Ans: the ground surface shall ( 𝛾𝑤 =10 kN/m3)
Maximum possible depth of unsupported
4𝐶 (a) increase by 20 kN/m2
excavation = 𝑟
√𝑘𝑎 (b) decrease by 20 kN/m2
1−sin 300 1
Ka =
1+sin 300
=
3
(c) increase by 30 kN/m2
P = 18 𝑘𝑁⁄𝑚3 (d) decrease by 30 kN/m2
Ans :
C = 100 𝑘𝑁⁄𝑚3
4𝐶 4×100
Initial 𝑘𝑎 = 1⁄3
Z= 𝑟 = = 38.49
√𝑘𝑎 18 ×√1⁄3 𝑃𝑎 𝑎𝑡 𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒 = 𝐾𝑎 . 𝑟𝑠𝑎𝑡 × 𝐻 = 1⁄3 × 18 ×
𝑃𝑎 = karH- 2C√𝑘𝑎 3=18kN/m2
1
= × 18 38.49 × −2 × 100 × √1⁄3 Final :
3
𝑃𝑎 𝑎𝑡 𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒 = 𝑘𝑎 𝑟𝐻 + 𝑢 = 1⁄3 × 8 × 3 +
= 115.47 𝑘𝑁⁄𝑚2
10 × 3=38 kN/m2
2. A retaining wall of height 8 m retains dry
sand. In the initial state, the soil is loose ∴ 𝐻 𝑖𝑠 𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑑 𝑏𝑦 20𝐾𝑃𝑎
and has a void ratio of 0.5, 𝛾𝑑 = 17.8 4. Figure given below shows a smooth
kN/m3 and ∅ = 30 ° . Subsequently, the vertical gravity retaining wall with
backfill is compacted to a state where void cohesionless soil backfill having an angle
ratio is 0.4, 𝛾𝑑 =18.8 kN/m3 and ∅ = 35°. of internal friction ∅ In the graphical
The ratio of initial passive thrust to the representation of Rankine's active earth
final passive thrust, according to pressure for the retaining wall shown in
Rankine's earth pressure theory, is figure, length OP represents
(a) 0.38 (b) 0.64
(c) 0.77 (d) 1.55
Ans:
1+sin 300
Initial: 𝑘𝑝 = =3
1−sin 300
1
Passive thrust = × 𝐾𝑝 . 𝑟𝐻 × 𝐻
2
1
== × 3 × 17.8 × 82 = 1708.8 (a) vertical stress at the base
2
1+sin 350 (b) vertical stress at a height H/3 from the
Final 𝑘𝑝 = = 3.69
1−sin 350 base
Passive thrust = 12 × 3.69 × 18.8 × 82 = 2219.9 (c) lateral earth pressure at the
base (d) lateral earth pressure at a
1708.8
Ratio = = 0.77 height H/3 from the base
2219.9
JH ACADEMY 1
Sub: Geotechnical Engineering Topic: Earth Pressure
Ans: ( A )
JH ACADEMY 2
Sub: Geotechnical Engineering Topic: Earth Pressure
JH ACADEMY 3
Sub: Geotechnical Engineering Topic: Earth Pressure
18. The correct sequence of the given coefficient of passive and active earth
parameters in descending order of earth pressure of the backfill is (a)1/3 (b)3
pressure intensity is (c)1/9 (d)9
(a)active, passive, at rest (b)passive, Ans :
active, at rest (c)passive, at 1-sin ∅ = 0.5
rest, active (d)at rest, passive, active sin ∅ = 0.5
Ans : ( C )
Kp
∅ = 3𝑖 =a
19. Depth of foundation depends upon (a) Ka
scour depth, minimum grip length and 24. Codes:
Rankine depth (b)scour depth, minimum (a) Both A and R are true and R is the
grip length and depth of bearing stratum correct explanation of A
(c)scour depth, Rankine depth and depth (b) Both A and R are true but R in not a
of bearing stratum (d)minimum grip correct explanation of A
length, Rankine depth and depth of (c) A is true nut r is false
bearing stratum (d) A is false but R is true
Ans : ( C ) Assertion (A): Passive earth pressure is
always greater than the earth pressure at
rest and active earth pressure
20. The nature of earth pressure above dredge Reason (R): In passive state the structure
line behind a cantilever sheet pile wall is becomes the actuating element and soil
(a)active (b)passive becomes the resisting element to maintain
the stability.
(c)at rest (d)active and passive
Ans : ( A )
Ans : ( A )
25. The wall friction of the retaining wall
(a)decreases active earth pressure but
21. An earth-retaining structure may be increases passive earth pressure
subjected to the following lateral earth (b)decreases passive earth pressure but
pressures: increases active earth pressure
1. Earth pressure at rest (c)decreases both active and passive earth
2. Passive earth pressure pressure
3. Active earth pressure (d)increases both active and passive earth
The correct sequence of the increasing pressure
order of the magnitudes of these pressures
is 26. Codes:
(a)3, 2, 1 (b)1, 3, 2 (a) Both A and R are true and R is the
correct explanation of A
(c)1, 2, 3 (d)3, 1, 2
(b) Both A and R are true but R in not a
Ans : ( D ) correct explanation of A
(c) A is true nut r is false
(d) A is false but R is true
22. For a sand having an interval friction of Assertion (A): Basement walls and bridge
30°, the ratio of passive to active lateral abutments are usually designed for earth
earth pressure will be pressure at rest. Reason (R): These are
(a)1 (b)3 c)6 (d)9 usually not restrained by the floor slab and
Ans : ( D ) by the deck structure at their bases.
Ans : ( C )
JH ACADEMY 4
Sub: Geotechnical Engineering Topic: Earth Pressure
Assertion (A): The state of earth pressure 33. Consider the following statements: 1. The
at rest is the state of equilibrium with zero yield of a retaining required to reach
strain condition. plastic equilibrium in active case is more
Reason (R): In rest condition neither the than that in positive case. 2. Culman’s
wall nor the soil moves. Of these graphical method is simplified version of
statements the more general trial wedge method.
(a)both A and R are true and R is the 3. For a masonry gravity retaining wall
correct explanation of A coulomb’s theory of earth pressure is
(b)both A and R are true but R is not a preferred for designing.
correct explanation of A Which of these statements is/are correct?
(c)A is true but R is false (a)1, 2 and 3 (b)1 and 2 only
(d)A is false but R is true (c)2 and 3 only (d)3 only
Ans : ( A )
34. The lateral earth pressure coefficient of a
29. If the coefficient of active earth pressure is soil, ka for active state, kp for passive state
1/3, then what is the value of the and k0 for at-rest condition, compare as
coefficient of passive earth pressure? (a)k0<ka<kp(b)ka<k0<kp
(a)1/9 (b)1/3 (c)ka<kp<k0(d)kp<k0<ka
(c)3(d)1 Ans : ( B )
Ans : ( A )
JH ACADEMY 5
Sub: Geotechnical Engineering Topic: Earth Pressure
JH ACADEMY 6