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By
Samita Sap-Aramdee 6061132
Panyakron Bandidthai 6061176
Praewa Thongwon 6061025
Paerwa Asavarangsi 6061028
Chemistry 11
Ms. Sorasaree Tonsiengsom
Mahidol University International Demonstration School
Semester 1 Academic Year 2018-2019
Summary:
The content of this report is to understand about the stoichiometry, which we did about
the synthesis of copper hydroxide. The Copper hydroxide consisted of copper sulphate attached
to Pentahydrate and Sodium hydroxide. In the experiment, we use 1.25 grams of CuSO4
solution mix with 0.2 grams of NaOH (Solution A+B) and the other 1.25 grams of CuSO4 to mix
with 0.6 grams of NaOH (Solution A+C), and wait for both solution to be filtered. After the
experiment, we weighted both solution and calculated the percent yield. The percent yield of
solution A+B is 158.33% and the solution A+C is 73.68% , which the percent yield of solution
A+B is greater than 100%. We then concluded that this happened because the product might
contained impurities that cause the mass to be greater than it should be if the products were
pure.
Introduction:
This experiment is about synthesis of copper hydroxide which will help us learn about
stoichiometry. Stoichiometry is the study of quantitative relationship between the amount of
reactant used and product formed by a chemical reaction (McGraw-Hill Education, 2017).
Before we do the experiment in the lab we need to find mole, gram, limiting/Excess
reagent and theoretical yield. Theoretical yield is a maximum amount of product that can be
produced from a given amount of reactant (McGraw-Hill Education, 2017). When we go into the
lab we need to record all of the result so we can use it to calculate the actual yield. Actual yield
is the amount of product produced when a chemical reaction is carried out (McGraw-Hill
Education, 2017).
The purpose of this lab report is to be able to determine about the mass relationship in chemical
reaction using stoichiometry. As we are studying about the relationship of mass this experiment
was for us be able to understand the mass relationship between before and after the
experiment. To take the amount of product to form the reaction and calculate the mass of the
theoretical yield to be able to classify the limiting reagent and excess reagent.
Experimental (Day 1)
Preparation of CuSO4 solution (Solution A)
1. Weight 2.5 g of CuSO4 dissolve in 50 mL of water in 100 mL beaker
2. Stir well by using stirring rod for 2-3 minutes
Preparation of NaOH solution (Solution B)
1. Weight 0.2 g of NaOH dissolve in 25 mL of water in 100 mL beaker
2. Stir well by using stirring rod for 2-3 mins.
Preparation of NaOH solution (Solution C)
1. Weight 0.6 g of NaOH dissolve in 25 mL of water in 100 mL beaker
2. Stir well by using stirring rod for 2-3 mins.
Synthesis of Cu(OH)2
1. Mix 25 mL of CuSO4 solution (Solution A) with 25 mL of NaOH solution (Solution B)
2. Stir for 2-3 minutes
3. Weight the filter paper, and then record it on data table
4. Separate the solid product by paper filtration technique
5. Rinse the solid product (the rest of product left on beaker) with 10 mL of distill water
6. Clean the filtered solid residue (during filtration) with 10 mL of distill water for 2 times in order
to remove Na2SO4 salt
7. Clean the filtered solid residue again with 10 mL of ethanol to remove water
8. Carefully remove filter paper with filtered solid residue to watch glass
9. Dry it overnight in the oven.
10. Repeat step 1-9 by using 25 mL of NaOH solution by using Solution C instead of Solution B.
Experimental (Day 2)
11. Weight mass of filter paper and solid product
12. Calculate the % yield of the reaction
Results:
Calculations:
Molecular weight:
● CuSO4 . 5H2O :
63.546 + 32.066 + 4(15.999) + 5(2.016 + 15.999)
= 249.683 grams
● 2NaOH :
22.990 +15.999 + 1.008
= 39.997 grams
● Cu(OH)2 :
63.546 + 2(15.999 + 1.008)
= 97.56 grams
● Na2SO4 :
2(22.990) + 32.066 + 4(15.999)
= 142.042 grams
● 5H2O :
5 x (2.016 + 15.999)
= 90.075 grams
Number of mole:
1 mole of CuSO4 . 5H2O, 2 mole of 2NaOH, 1 mole of Cu(OH)2 , 1
mole of Na2SO4,
5 mole of 5H2O
Theoretical yield:
A+B:
● 2NaOH → Cu(OH)2
0.38
x 100 = 158.33%
0.24
A+C:
● 2NaOH → Cu(OH)2
0.56
x 100 = 76.71%
0.73
Conclusion:
In conclusion, the result of solution AB has the mass of 0.38 grams, 4.79 moles, and
158.33% as the percent yield. For solution AC, the mass is 0.56 grams, 1.86 moles, and its
percent yield is 76.71%. Both solutions have a color of green but in different shades and form of
shapes that appeared on the paper surface. The limiting reagent for solution A+B is 2NaOH and
for solution A+C is CuSO4 .
References:
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