DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS

1. The sum of two numbers is 40. Express their product A. -1.5 B. -1 C. -2.5 D. -2
as a function of one of the numbers.
A. P = xy C. x + y = 40 19. Two cars begin a trip from the same point P. If car
B. P(x) = x(40 - y) D. P(x) = 40x – x^2 A travels north at the rate of 30 mi/h and car B
travels west at the rate of 40 mi/h, how fast is the
2. The product of two numbers is 32. Find a function distance between them changing 2 hours later?
that represents the sum of their squares. A. 30 B. 40 C. 50 D. 60
A. S(x) = x^2 + (32y)^2 C. xy =32
B. S(x) = x^2 + (32/x)^2 D. S = x^2 + y^2 20. Ship A is 70 km west of ship B and is sailing south
at the rate of 25 km/h. Ship B is sailing north at
3. A closed box has a base twice as long as it is wide. the rate of 45 km/h. How fast is the distance
If its volume is 100 in^3, express its surface area between the two ships changing 2 hours later?
as a function of the width x of its base. A. 66.21 B. 62.61 C. 61.26 D. 66.12
A. S(x) = 4x^2 + 300/x C. S(x) = 4x^2 + 6xy
B. 2yx^2 = 100 D. S(x) = x^2 + 300/x 21. A baseball diamond is a square whose sides are 90 ft
long. If a batter hits a ball and runs to first base
4. Find the slope of the curve y = 2(1+3x)^2 at point at the rate of 20 ft/sec, how fast is his distance
(0,3). from second base changing when he has run 50 ft?
A. 9 B. 12 C. 0.16 D. 0.21 A. -8.08 B. 8.08 C. -8.38 D. 8.38

5. The difference of two numbers is 15. Express their 22. Two legs of a right triangle are each 70 cm. If one
product as a function of the smaller number, x. leg grows at the rate of 5 cm/min and the other
A. P(x) = x^2 – 15x C. P(x) = x^2 + 15x shrinks at the rate of 5 cm/min, how fast is the
B. P(x) = 15x – x^2 D. P(x) = 15x^2 - x hypotenuse of the triangle changing 2 minutes later?
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
6. A rectangle has an area of 200 square meters.
Express its perimeter as a function of its width. 23. Two legs of a right triangle are each 70 cm. If one
A. P(x) = 2x + 400/x C. P(x) = 400x + 2/x leg grows at the rate of 5 cm/min and the other
B. P(x) = 2x^2 + 400/x D. P(x) = 400x^2 + 2/x shrinks at the rate of 5 cm/min, how fast is the
area of the triangle changing 2 minutes later?
7. Find the average rate of change of the area of a A. 50 B. -50 C. 70 D. -70
square with respect to its side x as x changes from
4 to 7. 24. A fisherman has a fish at the end of his line, which
A. 6 B. 9 C. 11 D. 13 is being reeled in at the rate of 2 ft/sec from a
bridge 30 ft above the water. At what speed is the
8. Find the rate of change of the volume of a sphere fish moving through the water toward the bridge when
with respect to its radius when its radius is 5. the amount of line out is 50 ft? (Assume the fish is
A. 100π B. 10π C. 50π D. 5π at the surface of the water and there is no sag in
the line.)
9. The number of bacteria in a Petri dish after t hours A. -3.5 B. -3.0 C. -2.5 D. -2.0
is n(t) = 2t3 + 5t2 + t + 2. How fast is the
population growing after 3 hours? 25. A radar station is 2000 ft from the launch site of a
A. 382 B. 385 C. 85 D. 82 rocket. If the rocket is launched vertically at the
rate of 500 ft/sec, how fast is the distance between
10. Suppose the total cost of producing x items is given the radar station and the rocket changing 10 seconds
by the function C(x) = 0.001x3 + 0.025x2 + 3x + 5 later?
Compute the marginal cost of producing the 51st A. 446.2 B. 462.4 C. 424.6 D. 464.2
item.
A. 11 B. 12 C. 13 D. 14 26. Jodi wishes to use 100 feet of fencing to enclose a
rectangular garden. Determine the maximum possible
11. A closed box with a square base has a volume of 100 area of her garden.
in3. Compute the rate of change of its surface area A. 700 B. 625 C. 400 D. 600
with respect to its base dimension x when x = 5.
A. 4 B. 5 C. 6 D. 7 27. An open box is formed by cutting squares of equal
size from the corners of a 24 by 15-inch piece of
12. A ladder 20 feet long is placed against a wall. The sheet metal and folding up the sides. Determine the
foot of the ladder begins to slide away from the size of the cutout that maximizes the volume of the
wall at the rate of 1 ft/sec. How fast is the top of box.
the ladder sliding down the wall when the foot of A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 5
the ladder is 12 feet from the wall?
A. 3/4 B. -3/4 C. 4/3 D. -4/3 28. At 12:00 noon ship B is 100 miles east of ship A. If
ship B sails west at 10 mi/h and ship A sails south
13. At a certain instant, car A is 60 miles north of car at 20 mi/h, when will the ships be closest to each
B. A is traveling south at a rate of 20 mi/h while B other?
is traveling east at 30 mi/h. How fast is the A. 1:00 B. 2:00 C. 3:00 D. 4:00
distance between them changing 1 hour later?
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 29. An open field is bounded by a lake with a straight
shoreline. A rectangular enclosure is to be
14. A plane, P, flies horizontally at an altitude of 2 constructed using 500 ft of fencing along three
miles with a speed of 480 mi/h. At a certain moment sides and the lake as a natural boundary on the
it passes directly over a radar station, R. How fast fourth side. What dimensions will maximize the
is the distance between the plane and the radar enclosed area?
station increasing 1 minute later? A. 250x250 B. 100x200 C. 150x350 D. 125x250
A. 465.67 B. 481.42 C. 443.36 D. 480.24
30. An open field is bounded by a lake with a straight
15. The dimensions of a rectangle are continuously shoreline. A rectangular enclosure is to be
changing. The width increases at the rate of 3 constructed using 500 ft of fencing along three
in/sec while the length decreases at the rate of 2 sides and the lake as a natural boundary on the
in/sec. At one instant the rectangle is a 20-inch fourth side. What is the maximum area?
square. How fast is its area changing 3 seconds A. 62,500 B. 20,000 C. 52,500 D. 32,250
later?
A. 16 B. -16 C. 18 D. -18 31. Ryan has 800 ft of fencing. He wishes to form a
rectangular enclosure and then divide it into three
16. A spherical snowball is melting in such a way that sections by running two lengths of fence parallel to
its surface area decreases at the rate of 1 one side. What is the maximum area?
in^2/min. How fast is its radius shrinking when it A. 40,000 B. 30,000 C. 20,000 D. 10,000
is 3 in?
A. -0.013 B. 0.013 C. -0.13 D. 0.13 32. An open box is to be constructed from a 12- × 12-
inch piece of cardboard by cutting away squares of
17. Determine the area of the region bounded by the equal size from the four corners and folding up the
curve y = x^3 − 4x^2 + 3x and the x axis, 0 ≤ x ≤ 3. sides. Determine the maximum volume of the box.
A. 9/4 B. 37/12 C. 5/12 D. 8/3 A. 144 B. 128 C. 192 D. 64

18. A spherical snowball is melting in such a way that 33. A ladder 10 ft long is resting against the side of a
its surface area decreases at the rate of 1 building. If the foot of the ladder slips away from
in^2/min. How fast is its volume shrinking when its the wall at the rate of 2 ft/min, how fast is the
radius is 3 in? angle between the ladder and the building changing
 when the foot of the ladder is 6 ft away from the
building?
A. 1/2 B. 1/3 C. 1/4 D. 1/5

34. Two sides of a triangle are 3 in and 4 in long. If

the angle between them is increasing at the rate of
2o per second, how fast is the area of the triangle
increasing when the angle is 45o?
A. 0.148 B. 0.184 C. 0.418 D. 0.814

35. A painting of height 3 ft hangs on a wall with the

bottom of the painting 6 ft above the floor. How far
from the wall should Lindsay, whose eyes are 5 ft
from the floor, stand in order to get the best view
of the painting? (The best view occurs when the
angle of vision from the bottom to the top of the
painting is maximized.)
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4