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MPPT
Abstract – This paper presents a three-phase grid-connected voltaic array with a peak power of 100kW connected
inverter designed for a 100kW photovoltaic power plant that through a DC bus to a three-phase inverter that is connec
features a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) scheme ted to an ideal 400V grid through a simple filter, as
based on fuzzy logic. The whole system presented is simulated shown in Fig. 2.
in Matlab. This fuzzy MPPT shows accurate and fast response,
and is integrated in the inverter, so that a DC-DC converter is The MPP tracker is integrated in the inverter control (Fig.
not needed. The inverter allows full control of reactive power. 3), as there is no DC-DC converter in the chosen config
Keywords – Photovoltaic, Inverter, MPPT, Fuzzy logic, uration.
Power electronics.
The whole system was simulated in Matlab-Simulink.
Photovoltaic systems are increasing in size as they be The PV array is simulated using a model of moderated
come more affordable and supporting schemes start to in complexity based on [1]. In this model, a PV cell is rep
clude larger installations. In a near future, photovoltaic resented by a current source in parallel with a diode, and
systems of 100kW peak power or more are going to be a series resistance as shown in Fig. 1. There is no need
very common, and it is expected that they will contribute for a more complex model with a second diode and / or a
with a significant share to power generation. shunt resistance. The photo current Iph depends on the ir
radiance G and the cell temperature Tc. The current Ic
In such a scenario, the contribution to the grid stability of provided by the cell can be calculated as:
PV systems is likely to become relevant[2], as it has
already happened with other renewable energies like
wind power in some countries. In Spain, for instance,
wind farm operators are encouraged to contribute to sys
I c = I ph− I D = I ph− I 0 exp
e V IRs
nkT c
−1
(1)
I x* I x* Ia
Udc* Udc
Iq * Iq * Ib *
MPPT
I y* I y*
Ea Ea Ib
Udc Ipv
Eb Eb Ө Ө* I c*
Udc Ipv Ec Ec
Ic
Ipv Udc
Ia Ea
Ib Eb
Ic Ec
m m m m shown in Fig. 4. The voltage that corresponds to the mod
e V −V oc I R s
I m= I msc 1−exp (2) ule maximum power varies with temperature and irradi
N s⋅nkT c ance variations, so a MPP tracking system is needed to
ensure that we stay as close as possible to the optimum.
The model parameters were adjusted to simulate the stat Usual MPPT methods include Perturb and Observe
(P&O) [3], incremental conductance [4], fuzzy logic [5]
150 P and other [6,7] methods.
max
Current(Ix10)
M ux 1
-K- -K- 1
s
Udc*
Power (W)
Integrator
50
Saturation DP Ppv Gain 1/Nm od
E a (V)
100
around 700-800V most of the time, with some peaks that
could reach a minimum of 600V and a maximum of 0
900V in very extreme situations. The only drawback of
Ia (A)
-100
such a voltage is a slight increase of the inverter price as
higher rated voltage of DC link capacitors and switches -200
800 U
The simulation of the whole system has been done in
dc
dc
0 300
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5
time (s)
200
Fig. 8: System response to an irradiance step in t=0.2s
E a (V)
100
The maximum power point is tracked with excellent ac
0
curacy as can be seen in Fig. 9, where the generated
Ia (A)
1 -300
0.25 0.26 0.27 0.28 0.29 0.3 0.31 0.32 0.33
0.9 time (s)
0.7
References
0.6
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0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5
time (s) Model of PV Generation Suitable for Stability Analysis”
Fig. 9: System response to an irradiance step in t=0.2s in IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, vol. 19, no.
4, December 2004
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