Chapter 01

Screw Joints

1
Introduction to Joining
processes

2
Introduction to Joining
processes

3
Introduction to Joining
processes

4
Screw joints

5
Screw joints

6
Screw joints

7
 Effective Forces

F (hand force)  F1 (peripheral force)

8
Effective Forces

9
Effective Forces

10
Self-locking effect of the thread

11
Self-locking effect of
the thread

12
Wear and bearing depth (depth
of engagement)

13
Discussion 01
1. Raise some types of joint those are detachable joints and permanent joints?
2. How many types of joint locking?
3. What does it mean by the term “Frictional connection” and “Positive locking”?
4. For screw joints what type of joint locking is it?
5. Raise some tools used for screwing (screw and bolt tightening)?
6. What kind of force that cause the peripheral force F1 happen?
7. What kind of forces that the peripheral force F1 generate?
8. What does it means by the term “self-locking effect of the thread”?
9. What kind of force that create the self-locking of the thread?
10. What type of thread (Fine, normal, triple) that provide better self-locking effect?
11. Why V-thread is not satisfactory used as a transmission thread?
14
Screw joints with
necked-down bolts

15
Screw joints with necked-down bolts

16
Transverse loaded screw joints

17
Screw locking devices (guards)

18
Screw locking devices (guards)

19
Screw locking devices (guards)

20
Screw locking devices (guards)

21
Sealing screw joints

22
Sealing screw joints

23
Sealing screw joints

24
Sealing screw joints

25
Discussion 02
1. If the transverse load is very high what can we do to protect the
bolts?
2. If the screw joints undergo vibration, how many types of screw
locking devices we can use?
3. How many types of sealing screw joints can we do?
4. Take the picture in the plant where you see the screw joints used
locking devices?
5. Take the picture in the plant where you see the screw joints used
sealing with flat gaskets?

26
Torque values
• Metric bolt and cap screw torque values:

27
Torque values

28
Torque values
• Unified inch bolt and cap screw torque values:

29
Torque values

30
Torque values
• Note:
• DO NOT use these values if a different torque value or tightening
procedure is given for specific application.
• Torque values listed are for general use only. Check tightness of
fasteners periodically.
• “Lubricated” means coated with a lubricant such as engine oil, or
fasteners with phosphate and oil coatings.
• “Dry” means plain or zinc plated without any lubrication.
• Tighten plastic insert or crimped steel-type lock nuts to approximately
50 percent of the dry torque shown in the chart, applied to the nut, not
to the bolt head.
• Tighten toothed or serrated-type lock nuts to the full torque value.

31
Washers protection
• Washers protection:
• When tightening or loosening a bolt joint, always turn the nut.

32
Assembling, repair and
maintenance
• Assembling, repair and maintenance:

33
Assembling, repair and
maintenance

34
Assembling, repair and
maintenance

35
Assembling, repair and
maintenance
• Torque wrench:

36
Assembling, repair and
maintenance
• Tighten nuts and screws in a
certain order:
• Steps:
1. tighten all nuts moderate

in one of the ways shown

Above.
2. tighten all nuts till full

torque is achieved.

37
Assembling, repair and
maintenance
• Typical screw defects:

38
Assembling, repair and
maintenance
• Extract broken bolts:

39
Assembling, repair and
maintenance
• Repair internal threads:

40
Assembling, repair and
maintenance

41
Assembling, repair and
maintenance
• Vibration during work:

42
 Discussion 03
1. The nut/screw is normally
tightened at a screw joint. The
washer must be placed under the
screw head/nut to:
a) protect the surface of the
workpiece under the nut
b) protect the surface of the
workpiece under the screw−head
c) protect from loosening
d) protect from friction between
screw−head and hole
2. Relate the types of locking to the
Nuts:

43
Discussion 03
3. Fill in the numbers 1,2, 3, 4, 5, 4. Relate the right tool to the
6 of question no.2 above) in the screws in the table below!
empty lines below!
a) Makes use of the friction
between the nuts
b) Use when heavy vibration
occurs
c) Makes use of the friction of
deformed plastic
d) Permanent joint will be
destroyed when loosened

44
 Discussion 03
5. When tightening 2 screws with the
same torque, the friction in an oily
screw is higher/lower than in a
rusty one.
6. We are using the torque wrench to:
a) tighten nuts when only limited
space is available
b) reach a higher torque
c) reach the desired torque
d) tighten faster than with a usual
wrench
7. Write the correct tightening
sequence in the circles!

45
Discussion 03
8. Mark the correct answers with! 9. Mark the correct answers with!
When tightening in the wrong To prevent the thread of a
sequence! screw from damage, you should
1. the flange might leak a) center the holes before
2. the clamping pressure is inserting screw
higher b) use a bigger wrench
3. the clamping force is c) pay attention to the maximum
unsymmetrical tensile strength
4. the screws are overloaded d) choose the right type of screw
(e.g. Hexagonal screw)
e) pay attention to the kind of
thread

46
Q&A
47