1. Find the area of the region R under y = x4 – 2x3 + 2 between x = -1 and x = 2.

Solution: The graph of R is shown in the figure.

2. Find the area of the region R bounded by y = x/3 – 4, the x-axis, = -2, and x = 3.

Solution: The region R is shown in the figure.

3. Find the area of the region R bounded by y = x3 – 3x2 – x + 3. The segment of the x-axis between x = -1
and x = 2, and the line x = 2.

Solution: The region R is shaded in the figure. Note that part of it is above the x-axis and part is below.
The areas of these two parts must be calculated separately. You can check that the curve crosses the x-
axis at -1, 1, and 3. Thus,

Notice that we could have written this area as one integral using the absolute value symbol.
4. Find the area of the region between the curves y = x4 and y = 2x – x2.

Solution: We start by finding the two curves intersect and sketching the required region. This means
that we need to solve 2x – x2 = x4, a fourth-degree equation, which would usually be difficult to solve.
However, in this case, x = 0 and x = 1 are rather obvious solutions. Our sketch of the region, together
with the appropriate approximation and the corresponding integral, is shown in the figure.

One job remains – to evaluate the integral.

5. Find the area of the region between the parabola y2 = 4x and the line 4x – 3y = 4.

Solution: We will need the points of intersection of these two curves. The y-coordinates of these points
can be found by writing the second equation as 4x = 3y + 4 and then equating the two expressions for
4x.

From this, we conclude that the points of intersection are (4, 4) and (1/4, -1). The required region is
sketched in figure 1.

Now imagine slicing this region vertically. We face a problem, because the lower boundary
consists of two different curves. Slices at the extreme left extend from the lower branch of the parabola
to its upper branch. For the rest of the region, slices extend from the line to the parabola. To do the
problem with vertical slices requires that we first split our region into two parts, set up an integral for
each [part, and then evaluate both integrals.

A far better approach is it slice the region horizontally as shown in the figure 2, thus using y
rather than x as the integration variable. Note that horizontal slices always go from the parabola (at the
left) to the line (at the right).
There are two items to note: (1) The integrand resulting from a horizontal slicing involves y, not x; and
(2) to get the integrand, solve both equations for x and subtract the smaller x-value from the larger.
1. Find the volume of the solid of revolution obtained by revolving the plain region R bounded by y = √𝑥,
the x-axis, and the line x = 4 about the x-axis.

Solution: The region R is shown in the left part of the figure with a typical slice. When revolved about
the x-axis, this region generates a solid of revolution and the slice generates a disk, a thin coin-shaped
object.

Recalling that the volume of a circular is πr2h, we approximate the volume ΔV of this disk and then
integrate.
2. Find the volume of the solid generated by revolving the region bounded by the curve y = x3, the y-axis,
and the line y = 3 about the y-axis (in the figure below).

Solution: Here y is the appropriate choice for the integration variable. Note that y = x3 is equivalent to
x = 3√𝑦.
3. Find the volume of the solid generated by revolving the region bounded by the parabolas y = x2 and y2
= 8x about the x-axis.

Solution: The key words are still slice, approximate, integrate (see the figure above)
4. The semicircular region bounded by x = √4 − 𝑦 2 and the y-axis is revolved about the line x = -1. Set
up the integral that represents its volume.

Solution: Here the outer radius of the washer is √4 − 𝑦 2 + 1 and the inner radius is 1. The figure
exhibits the solution. The integral can be simplified. The part above the x-axis has the same volume as
the part below it (which manifests itself in an even integrand). Thus, we may integrate from 0 to 2 and
double the result. Also, the integrand simplifies.
5. Let the base of a solid be the first quadrant plane region bounded by y = 1 – x2/4, the x-axis, and the y-
axis. Suppose that the cross sections perpendicular to the x-axis is squares. Find the volume of the solid.

Solution: When we slice this solid perpendicularly to the x-axis, we get thin square boxes (in the figure).