Parameter planning

Chapter 5

This chapter is designed to provide the student with the

knowledge to plan the Scrambling Codes in a WCDMA
network.

OBJECTIVES:
Upon completion of this chapter the student will be able to:

• Know the overview of the codes used in WCDMA.

• Plan Scrambling Codes in a WCDMA network.
WCDMA TEMS CellPlanner User

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EN/LZT 123 6947 R1A

 5 Parameter planning

PARAMETER PLANNING

PARAMETER PLANNING IN 3G
Parameter planning is the task of optimizing the parameters that control the
behavior of the network without a need for modifying the physical equipment.
Examples of GSM parameter planning include frequency planning and hopping
sequence number planning.

Available in Version 3.3, the 3G-code planner is the first of a series of parameter
planning and optimization utilities that will be added in future versions of the tool.

PLANNING CODES IN 3G
In WCDMA, user information bits (channels) are combined into one data stream.
This data stream is then spread over a wide bandwidth and each transmitter uses all
of the available bandwidth all of the time. Therefore, on the receiver side, you need
to be able to distinguish a wanted channel from the many other channels that share
the same bandwidth. To do this, you need channelisation codes to multiply the user
information. Coding and then decoding the original information through subsequent
processing does this.

You also need an additional layer of coding on top of channelisation codes, to

differentiate between transmitters (base stations and user equipment). These codes
are called scrambling codes. Each transmitter has a different scrambling code,
enabling you to differentiate one transmitter from another transmitter. Spreading
and then recovering the original information through subsequent processing does
this.

This picture below shows the relationship between channelisation codes and
scrambling codes:

Data bits
Channelisation Channelisation Recovered
Code Applied Code Reapplied Data bits
Data Data
(in chips) (in chips)
Scrambling Scrambling Channelisation Recovered
Channelisation
Code Applied Code Applied Code Reapplied Code Reapplied Data bits
Data Data
(in chips) (in chips)
Channelisation Channelisation Recovered
Code Applied Data bits
Data Data Code Reapplied
(in chips) (in chips)

Transmitter Receiver

The scrambling code for the downlink is a Gold code of periodicity 218- 1 chips
(262.144), out of which only 38400 chips are used. The uplink uses a scrambling
code of length 224-1 chips (16.777.216) and is again a Gold code.

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WCDMA TEMS CellPlanner User

Code planning is required for the downlink scrambling codes and downlink
secondary synchronization code to ensure that:

• Code re-use is as efficient as possible

• The re-use distance between sites sharing the same scrambling code is maximised
The 3G-code planner, available in Version 3.3, is the first of a series of parameter
planning and optimization utilities that will be added in future versions of the tool.

USING THE SCRAMBLING CODE PLANNER

To use the 3G Code Planner:

1. Ensure you have:

• Set up sites and cells in the Site Database

• Set up 3G carriers and associated them with cell layers

• Created Predictions

2. Open a Map View window and view the area over which you wish to plan codes.

3. From the Tools menu, click Scrambling Code Planning.

4. In the wizard that appears, select the area over which you wish to plan codes. To do
this, click the Select View button or enter co-ordinates manually to select a different
area from that shown.

5. Select the filters of cells that you wish to plan for and click Next.

6. Define the number of codes available and the resolution required, then click Next.

7. You are presented with a list of planned codes, which you can accept and add to the
database or cancel. For example:

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