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TRANSMISSION
Introduction
In 1915, the total installed capacity in India was 105 M.W and by 1947, the
independence year, it was 2300 MW. Now it has grown over 125,000 MW. As far as
transmission voltage is concerned the first 100 KV line was commissioned in Maharasthra
in 1911. The first 132 KV line in1932 and first-220KV line in 1962. The first 400 KV line
was commissioner in 1978. All 400 KV lines use bundle conductors of 2,3 or 4 sub
conductors. The next higher Voltage chosen was 765/800 KV. Some of the lines
constructed with this voltage are Anapara- Unnao and Tehri-Meerut in U.P,
Mohakishenpura in Punjab and Vidyachal - Bina- Nagda in M.P. High voltage D.C.
transmission line also has been introduced in India. Voltage selected is  500 KV.
Richand- Dadri and Vidyachal back to back systems are already commissioned. The
Richand - Dadri line transmits more than 1000 mw of power.
Need for EHV Transmisssion
Voltages above 300 KV is termed as EHV and above 750 KV are termed as
ultra high voltage (uttv). Necessity for EHV transmission are the following:-
(1) For a given amount of power to be transmitted for a given distance, the
transmission efficiency increases as the transmission voltage increases.

(2) In EHV/ UHV lines, the per unit resistance drop reduces and volume of conductor
material decreases.
(3) Power transmission capacity of a line is proportional to the square of voltage. Hence
the transmission capacity increases tremendously as the voltage is increased to the
EHV/UHV range. But cost of towers terminal equipments also increases, but this increase
in proportional to the voltage only. As a result over all capital cost on transmission
decreases as the voltage is increased.
(4) Large power stations are economically more viable. EHV/UHV lines were required
to transmit this large block of power from these large stations.
(5) The load carrying capacity of lines are expressed in terms of surge impedance load
or natural loading. At this loading reactive VA consumed by the inductive part of the line is
equal to copacitive VA in the line.
V2 L
PSIL = Where Z s = Surge impedance =
Zs C

(SIL - Surge impedance loading)

Hence Surge impedance loading increases as the square of voltage.
6 It is not possible to interconnect power systems without EHV Transmission lines