MGA IBONG MANDARAGIT

 Written by activist Amando V. Hernandez in 1969

 Sequel to Rizal’s El Fili and Noli because t
o The protagonist Tata Matyas challenged of his knowledge of Rizal and his works
o He is also in search for Symoun (from El fili) treasure acting as if it was the continuation of Rizal’s
masterprice
 Symbolisms of discrimination against race
 He based the story on his experience of being a guerilla intelligence officer during the colonization of the
japanes

FLORANTE AT LAURA

 Written by Francisco Balagtas

 It was actually a song but at the time was considered as a poem because of it’s format
o Four line stanza
o Rhyming
o Twelve syllables per line
 Francisco was aware of the oppression that time when he was in sentenced to jail by a powerful man his rich
rival. – written while in prison
 The song unraveled many infidelities during the time of what men from foreign countries are doing because he
renamed foreign countries and stated the illegalities they are doing and even our own government
 This was about the determination of the love of Duke Florante to the princess of Albanie Laura while being
pursued by Useper (a person who takes a position of power or importance illegally or by force; bully)
Count (middle hierarchy in certain Europe countries) Adolfo
o Florante – Filipinos who are willing to fight for Laura aka freedom even though they have Count Adolfo
aka government on their way
 He dedicated this song to the love of his life MAR Maria ASUNCION REVERA and is referenced as selya in the
dedication

NOLI ME TANGERE

 Touched me not
 Jose Rizal in 19887
 Published at Germany
 About the inhumane treatment of Spanish priests and the ruling of government this time
 About Crisostomo Ibarra, how he dealt with Spanish authorities and how he prepared for his revenge that
continued to el fli
 Social Awakening

THE WOMAN WHO HAD TWO NAVELS

 Navel – belly button

 Nick Jouquin
 Influence of post war events in the Philippines
 Connie claimed that she had two navels through her former lover Paco whom she shared with his mother (which
rose into a toxic relationsjip)
 The story basically symbolizes the volatility (changing for the worse) and anguish (pain or suffering) as it crawls
itself from the ancient past upto the modern world

PO-ON ISANG NOBELA

 English Translated Dusk; a novel

 Francisco Sionil Jose – Filipino –english writer
 History
 Revolves around a barrio named Po-on and the family of estaqio Salvador aka istak a former sexton
(sacristan) who wanted to be a priest (also knowledgeable in medicine and arts) but was hindered by his
racial origins (this was the time when the Spaniards overruled us). He was accused of rape and then was
forced to run to the woods.
 This is only 1 of the 5 books (a sequel)
