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Cheat sheet
From Kerbal Space Program Wiki
(Redirected from Cheat Sheet)
Kerbal Space Program rocket scientist's cheat sheet: Deltav maps, equations and more for your reference so
you can get from here to there and back again.
Contents
1 Mathematics
1.1 Thrusttoweight ratio (TWR)
1.2 Combined specific impulse (Isp)
1.3 Deltav (Δv)
1.3.1 Basic calculation
1.3.2 True Δv of a stage that crosses from atmosphere to vacuum
1.3.3 Maps
1.3.4 Maximum Δv chart
2 Math examples
2.1 TWR
2.2 Isp
2.3 Δv
2.4 Maximum Δv
2.5 True Δv
3 See also
Mathematics
Thrusttoweight ratio (TWR)
→ See also: Thrusttoweight ratio
This is Newton's Second Law. If the ratio is less than 1 the craft will not lift off the ground. Note that the local
gravitational acceleration, which is usually the surface gravity of the body the rocket is starting from, is
required.
Where:
is the thrust of the engines
the total mass of the craft
the local gravitational acceleration (usually surface gravity)
Combined specific impulse (Isp)
→ See also: Specific impulse
If the Isp is the same for all engines in a stage, then the Isp is equal to a single engine. If the Isp is different for
engines in a single stage, then use the following equation:
http://wiki.kerbalspaceprogram.com/wiki/Cheat_sheet 1/7
27/02/2017 Cheat sheet Kerbal Space Program Wiki
Deltav (Δv)
Basic calculation
→ See also: Tutorial:Advanced Rocket Design
Basic calculation of a rocket's Δv. Use the atmospheric and vacuum thrust values for atmospheric and vacuum
Δv, respectively.
Where:
is the velocity change possible in m/s
is the starting mass in the same unit as
is the end mass in the same unit as
is the specific impulse of the engine in seconds
True Δv of a stage that crosses from atmosphere to vacuum
Calculation of a rocket stage's Δv, taking into account transitioning from
Body Δvout
atmosphere to vacuum. Δvout is the amount of Δv required to leave a body's
Kerbin 1000 m/s atmosphere, not reach orbit. This equation is useful to figure out the actual Δv of
other bodies' data missing a stage that transitions from atmosphere to vacuum.
Maps
Various fanmade maps showing the Δv required to travel to a certain body.
Subway style Δv map (KSP 1.2.1):
http://wiki.kerbalspaceprogram.com/wiki/Cheat_sheet 2/7
27/02/2017 Cheat sheet Kerbal Space Program Wiki
Total Δv values
http://www.skyrender.net/lp/ksp/system_map.png
Δv change values
http://i.imgur.com/duY2S.png
Δv with Phase Angles
http://wiki.kerbalspaceprogram.com/wiki/Cheat_sheet 3/7
27/02/2017 Cheat sheet Kerbal Space Program Wiki
http://i.imgur.com/dXT6r7s.png
Precise Total Δv values
http://i.imgur.com/UUU8yCk.png
WAC's Δv Map for KSP 1.0.4
http://i.imgur.com/q0gC9H7.png
Maximum Δv chart
This chart is a quick guide to what engine to use for a single stage interplanetary ship. No matter how
much fuel you add you will never reach these ΔV without staging to shed mass or using the slingshot
maneuver.
(Version: 1.04)
Math examples
TWR
Copy template:
TWR = F / (m * g) > 1
Isp
http://wiki.kerbalspaceprogram.com/wiki/Cheat_sheet 4/7
27/02/2017 Cheat sheet Kerbal Space Program Wiki
1. When Isp is the same for all engines in a stage, then the Isp is equal to a single engine. So six 200 Isp
engines still yields only 200 Isp.
2. When Isp is different for engines in a single stage, then use the following equation:
Equation:
Simplified:
Isp = ( F1 + F2 + ... ) / ( ( F1 / Isp1 ) + ( F2 / Isp2 ) + ... )
Explained:
Isp = ( Force of thrust of 1st engine + Force of thrust of 2nd engine...and so on... ) / ( ( Force of
thrust of 1st engine / Isp of 1st engine ) + ( Force of thrust of 2nd engine / Isp of 2nd engine ) +
...and so on... )
Example:
Two engines, one rated 200 newtons and 120 seconds Isp ; another engine rated 50 newtons and 200
seconds Isp.
Isp = (200 newtons + 50 newtons) / ( ( 200 newtons / 120 ) + ( 50 newtons / 200 ) = 130.4347826
seconds Isp
Δv
1. For atmospheric Δv value, use atmospheric values.
2. For vacuum Δv value, use vacuum values.
3. Use this equation to figure out the Δv per stage:
Equation:
Simplified:
Δv = ln ( Mstart / Mdry ) * Isp * g
Explained:
Δv = ln ( starting mass / dry mass ) X Isp X 9.81
Example:
Single stage rocket that weighs 23 tons when full, 15 tons when fuel is emptied, and engine that outputs
120 seconds Isp.
Δv = ln ( 23 Tons / 15 Tons ) × 120 seconds Isp × 9.81m/s² = Total Δv of 503.0152618 m/s
Maximum Δv
http://wiki.kerbalspaceprogram.com/wiki/Cheat_sheet 5/7
27/02/2017 Cheat sheet Kerbal Space Program Wiki
Simplified version of the Δv calculation to find the maximum Δv a craft with the given ISP could hope to
achieve. This is done by using a magic 0 mass engine and not having a payload.
Equation:
Simplified:
Δv =21.576745349086 * Isp
Explained / Examples:
This calculation only uses the mass of the fuel tanks and so the ln ( Mstart / Mdry ) part of the Δv
equation has been replaced by a constant as Mstart / Mdry is always 9 (or worse with some fuel tanks)
regardless of how many fuel tanks you use.
The following example will use a single stage and fuel tanks in the T100 to Jumbo 64 range with an
engine that outputs 380 seconds Isp.
Δv = ln ( 18 Tons / 2 Tons ) × 380 seconds Isp × 9.81m/s² = Maximum Δv of 8199.1632327878 m/s
Δv = 2.1972245773 × 380 seconds Isp × 9.82m/s² = Maximum Δv of 8199.1632327878 m/s (Replaced
the log of mass with a constant as the ratio of total mass to dry mass is constant regardless of the number
of tanks used as there is no other mass involved)
Δv = 21.576745349086 × 380 seconds Isp = Maximum Δv of 8199.1632327878 m/s (Reduced to its most
simple form by combining all the constants)
True Δv
1. How to calculate the Δv of a rocket stage that transitions from Kerbin atmosphere to vacuum.
2. Assumption: It takes approximately 1000 m/s of Δv to escape Kerbin's atmosphere before vacuum Δv
values take over for the stage powering the transition.
3. Note: This equation is an guess, approximation, and is not 100% accurate. Per forum user stupid_chris
who came up with the equation: "The results will vary a bit depending on your TWR and such, but it
should usually be pretty darn accurate."
Equation for Kerbin atmospheric escape:
Simplified:
True Δv = ( ( Δv atm 1000 ) / Δv atm ) * Δv vac + 1000
Explained:
True Δv = ( ( Total Δv in atmosphere 1000 m/s) / Total Δv in atmosphere ) X Total Δv in vacuum
+ 1000
Example:
Single stage with total atmospheric Δv of 5000 m/s, and rated 6000 Δv in vacuum.
Transitional Δv = ( ( 5000 Δv atm 1000 Δv required to escape Kerbin atmosphere ) / 5000 Δv atm ) X
6000 Δv vac + 1000 Δv required to escape Kerbin atmosphere = Total Δv of 5800 m/s
See also
http://wiki.kerbalspaceprogram.com/wiki/Cheat_sheet 6/7
27/02/2017 Cheat sheet Kerbal Space Program Wiki
Tutorials
Terminology
The Drawing Board: A library of tutorials and other useful information
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