Joy

1
PROJECT ON STRESS MANAGEMENT

USED IN
H.E.C
A PROJECT REPORT
Submitted by
JOY GURIA
In partial fulfillment for the award of the degree
Of
MBA DEGREE COURSE

In
HUMAN RESOURCES
From
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY,JALANDHAR

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APPROVAL SHEET
This is to certify that this project dissertation entitled “Stress
management” has been prepared by Joy Guria in partial
fulfillment of MBA Degree course in Human Resources at Lovely
Professional university,Jalandhar.
This embodies the data collected and analyzed by the candidate
under the guidance of Miss Pryanka Chibber, Human Resources,
LPU, Jalandhar and hereby approved as indicating the proficiency
of the candidate.
Research Guide
Director, LPU(LIM)
External Examiner
HOD
(Dept. of Personnel Management)

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
This project is an outcome of the support, encouragement and precious guidance provided
by our research guide,K.Alam.
On the outset I would like to thank Mr. N. JHA & Mrs. SANGITA (Headquarters), Mr.
H. K. GUPTA (HMBP), Mr. D. DUBEY (FFP), Mr. A.FATHMI (HMTP), for their co-
operation and guidance.
This project is also an outcome of the colossal support and help provided by a number of
people at Heavy Engineering Corporation Limited. I also want to give special thanks to
Mr. VIKAS & Mr. AVILASH (HMBP) and Mr. ASHISH & Mr. VIMALANDU (FFP).
I also want to give special thanks to the canteen incharge of all the three plant for giving
us the knowledge about the canteen.
It is not possible to list all those who gave their time so graciously, but I owe a special
debt of gratitude to a number of people, and I thank them herewith for their kind and
considerable assistance.
JOY GURIA
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PREFACE
HR is the heart of an organization. HR managers are the creators of an organizational

infrastructure that impacts employees, customers, line managers and investors.
Globalization, technology advancement, open market and desire human being to excel in
the field one works has increased competitiveness and resultant work stress. By this
project we will be able to reduce stress level of the employees. By this way the
performance of the employee increases.
In present scenario everybody want to catch up with higher strata of life style social
obligation have increased and so has increased the purchasing power, an appropriate
situation model of managing human stress in varying condition.
Redesigning of work of organizational structure, regrouping, mergers have become the

order of the day. This has led to employee undergoing more stress. This project has
attempted to solve issuing of stress in a systematic manner.
To judge the stress level of the employees there must be a brief survey and necessary
feedback is to be given.
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INDEX
No. Contents Page

No.
1 HEAVY ENGINEERING CORPORATION 7
LTD.
1.1 Introduction to H.E.C ltd 7
1.2 Mission, Vision &objective for H.E.C 10
1.3 Organizational structure 13
1.4 Achievements of HEC 14
1.5 Making of Dreams 15
2 Conceptual Framework 17
2.1 Introduction to HR 17
2.2 Concept of stress 18
2.3 Stress in biological terms 26
2.4 Sources of job stress 28
2.5 Stress management 30
2.6 Workplace stress 33
2.7 Coping with stress at work place 33
2.8 Managing stress in workplace 35
3 Research Methodology(review of the literature) 39
3.1 Research objective 39
3.2 Sampling(Types and methods of sampling) 40
3.3 Data analysis and interpretation 41
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3.4 Over all findings 74

3.5 Limitation of survey 76
3.6 Advantages and disadvantages of written 77
questionnaire
3.7 Findings and conclusion 79
4. Bibliography 81
5. Annexure 81
7
1.INTRODUCTION ON HEC:
Independent India under the leadership of Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru adopted central economic
planning for the industrialisation of the country. Heavy Engineering Corporation (HEC) is one of
the ambitious Industrial Projects for Infrastructure development of the Country that Pandit
Jawaharlal Nehru termed ‘The Temple of Modern India’. Steel plays a vital role in building
country’s infrastructure. Enhancement of steel production capability was given priority and it
was envisaged that HEC will manufacture steel plant equipment and machineries that will add
steel producing capability to the country. The company was incorporated on 31, December 1958
and on 15, November 1963, Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, the first Prime Minister of India, dedicated
HEC to the nation.
HEC was established in the year 1958 as one
of the largest Integrated Engineering Complex in India. It manufactures and supplies capital
equipments & machineries and renders project execution required for core sector industries. It
has complete manufacturing set up starting from casting & forging, fabrication, machining,
assembly and testing - all at one location backed by a strong design - engineering and technology
team. Heavy Engineering Corporation Ltd. (HEC), one of the largest Integrated Engineering
Complex in India, manufactures and supplies capital equipment & machineries and renders
project execution services required for core sector industries. It has complete manufacturing set
up starting from castings & forgings, fabrication, machining, assembly and testing - all located at
one location backed by a strong design, engineering and technology team.
It has contributed in the indigenization and expansion of Steel Plants and modernization of coal
sector. It has saved valuable foreign exchange for the country as most of the products
manufactured by it are import substitute in nature.
HEC has special focus in the following sectors:
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• Steel Plant Equipment

• Mining Equipment
• Machine Tools
• Power
• Railways
• Defence
• Space Application
• Nuclear Energy
It has a largest integrated engineering complex. It consists of three manufacturing units.

• Heavy Machine Building Plant (HMBP)
• Foundry Forge Plant (FFP)
• Heavy Machine Tools Plant (HMTP)
They are all accredited with ISO 9001-2000
Heavy Machine Building Plant (HMBP): It is the second manufacturing unit which was
collaboration of with USSR with a good machine tools like:-
• CNC Gas cutter
• Plant Bending Machine
• Geaarer Hobber
Some of the vital Facilities which HEC have are:-
• CNC Horizon Borer
• CNC Plano Milling
• CNC VTB (vertical and turning boring machine)
• Heavy Duty Central Lathe Machine
• Gear Hobbing Machine &
• CNC Flame Cutting
The Plant has a fenced area of 5, 70,000 sq.m and a floor area of nearly 2,00,000 sq.m. It is well
equipped with sophisticated machine tools and handling equipments to undertake manufacture of
heavy machinery and equipment of top quality. It is engaged in design and manufacture of
equipments and components for Steel Plant, Mining, Mineral Processing, Crushers, Material
Handling, Cranes, Power, Cement, Aluminium, Space Research, Nuclear Power etc.
Foundry Forge Plant (FFP):- It was setup in collaboration with Czechoslovakia for
manufacturing heavy and medium casting and forgings. The steel melting shop is equipped to
electric Arc Furnace of capacity arranging to 5 – 60 T and induction furnace for steel melting
60T Vaccume Arc D (VAD), Ladle Furnace and VD unit used for secondary refinement
of steel mainly for high quantity allowing steel.
It is the largest foundry and forging complex in India and one

of the largest of its kind in the world. The area of the Plant is
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13, 16, 930 sq.m accommodating 76,000 tones of installed machinery to cope up with the various
operations effectively. This Plant is the manufacturer of heavy castings and forgings for various
HEC make equipments and related to Steel plant, Defence, Power, Nuclear energy etc..
Manufacturer of Forged Rolls for Steel Plants, Crank Shafts for Railway Loco etc.
Heavy Machine Tools Plants (HMTP):- It is the third manufacturing unit which was setup in
collaboration with Skoda of Czechoslovakia. It manufactures higher range of conventional and
CNC Machine Tools for various Sector such as:-
• Power sector
• Defence
• Railways & Engineering
• Space Research
Set up in collaboration with M/s Skodaexport Czechoslovakia, HMTP is the most modern and
sophisticated of its kind in the country which produces machine tools in heavier ranges. The
Plant covers an area of over 2, 13,500 sq.m. It designs and manufactures medium & heavy duty
CNC and conventional Machine Tools for Railways, Defense, Ordnance factories, HAL, Space
and other strategic sectors.
Backed by half a century experience, HEC developed requisite skill
and technical know-how to design, manufacture and supply equipment as well as complete plants
for core sectors. The core strength is product quality. A well qualified team ensures the
correctness of the process and methodology of manufacturing conforming to up-keeping high
quality products.
Projects Division:
Concept to commissioning of Turnkey Projects related to Bulk Material handling, Steel Plant
projects, Cement Plant and other sectors.
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 THE HEAD OFFICE OF THREE PLANTS OF THE COMPANY:

Situated in Ranchi, the capital of the newly formed state Jharkhand.
 OFFICES OF THE COMPANY: In New Delhi and Kolkata.
 THE CAPITAL BASE OF THE COMPANY:
The authorized capital of the company is Rs. 500 crores and the paid up capital is
Rs.453.24 crores.
1.2. VISION
To be a major Heavy Engineering Company in India providing quality products and

services to the Steel, Mining, Coal, Railways and other Strategic Sectors.
 MISSION
• To acquire and maintain leading position as suppliers of quality equipment, spares,

systems & services for the Steel, Mining, Coal, Railways and other Strategic Sectors.
• To make the Revival Plan sustainable
• To expand business into allied areas and other priority sectors of the economy.
 OBJECTIVES
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1. GROWTH
To attain substantial jump in production and bring about sustained growth to attain
production level of Rs.3000 crores by 2011-12.
2. PROFITABILITY
To provide reasonable & adequate return on capital employed, primarily through
improvement in operational efficiency, capacity utilization & productivity, in order to
generate adequate internal resources to finance the company’s growth.
3. HUMAN RESOURCE PLANNING & DEVELOPMENT
To enable each employee to achieve his optimum potential, improve his capabilities,
perceive his role and responsibilities and participate in and contribute to the growth
and success of the company. To continuously invest in human resources and be alive
to their needs, hopes and aspirations.
4. CUSTOMER SATISFACTION
To build a high degree of customer confidence by providing increased value for his
money through improved product quality, delivery, performance and customer
service.
5. MODERNISATION
To upgrade and modernize plants and equipment with the aim of increasing
availability of machines/equipment and removing bottlenecks.
6. TECHNOLOGY
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To achieve technological excellence in operation by development of indigenous

technology and efficient absorption and adaptation of imported technologies to suit
business needs and priorities with a view to providing a competitive advantage to the
company.
1.3. ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE OF H.E.C

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SK SHARMA, SP
GM/HMTP SAHAY
JP SINGH ,GM/PROJEC
GM/HMBP T
SK SAXENA,
GM/FFP
RK. SINHA I/C Ak SINGH(COT)

Mkt/HMBP
A JHA I/C HRD
SK SAHAY I/C
Mkt/FFP Ac DEOGHORIA I/C
AK KANTH I/C
P&A
Mkt/HMTP
K. SUTDRAHAR V PRASAD I/C Law
Mkt/Hq
RC.
P HOROI/C Tpt
BANDYOPADHYAY KD SINGH (CIE)
BM/Kol
S.K CHAKARABORTY
Chif(FIN )
1.4.Achievements
 Contribution to Space Research

• Folding cum Vertically Repositionable Platforms for space vehicle
integratio for ISRO
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• Special purpose 400 t & 200 t Capacity EOT Crane and Tower Crane
• Forged Ring of Maraging steel of 2.8 m diameter for ISRO
• Development of Special grade of steel for VSSC and ISRO
• Mobile Launch pad
• Horizontal Sliding Doors
• 6-Axis CNC Double Column and 3-Axis CNC Single Column Vertical
Turning
& Milling Machine
 Contribution to Nuclear Energy
• Magnet Poles for Super Conducting Cyclotron magnet
for VECC (Department of Atomic Energy)
• Development of ultra clean steel developed with close process
Control to achieve required chemical composition
• Successfully manufactured special forging with desired mechanical
properties
 HEC wins “SCOPE Award for Excellence and Outstanding Contribution of

the Public Sector Management - Special Institutional (Turnaround) Category
2007 - 08”.
HEC bagged another prestigious award

 When Indian Nuclear Society (INS), Mumbai, a premier institution for
encouraging the growt Of science and technology in nuclear field
recommended HEC for “Industrial Excellence” award
in the year 2009 recognizing its efforts and brilliant contribution.
Earlier this award was given to L&T in the year 2002, BHEL in 2004
and Godrez & Boyce in 2005.
HEC is one of the early establishments

 HEC is one of the early establishment to manufacture steel plant in India.
It assimilated technology from various international sources. Excellent
manufacturing set up helped manufacture of quality equipment and reliable
products.HEC deals with almost all aspects of steel plant and has supplied
equipment to all the integrated steel plants in India.
1.5 . MAKING OF DREAMS:-

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“I believe in the rapid industrialisation of the country,

and only thus, will the standards of the people rise
Substantially and poverty be combated.”
—
Jawaharlal Nehru
In 1955, during a state visit to USSR, Jawaharlal Nehru, the first Prime Minister of
India, toured the Ural Engineering Works in Sverdlovsk. The Prime Minister was
very impressed and called it a “Plant of Plants”. He said that his newly free country
badly needed such plants, thereby stressing the special role of heavy engineering
works which can provide equipments for all the basic industries and add to the
country’s economic development.
Then Soviet Union, the world leader in this field at that time and had the most
advanced processes for the production of lead, zinc and copper, was ready to assist
India. They readily delivered the equipments India needed and also sent specialists to
train Indian Personnel.
Thus the construction of the plant at Ranchi started in 1961 and completed in 1968.
The design was produced by GIPROTYAZHMASH, the leading state design institute
of the USSR. Soviet engineering and other industries supplied 27000 tons of the latest
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engineering equipments and 18000 tons of steel structural elements and other
necessary materials for the plant at Ranchi. As preplanned, Soviet products accounted
for 97 per cent of the industrial installed at the Heavy Machine Building Plant, one of
the manufacturing units of Heavy Engineering Corporation Limited at Ranchi.
EXECUTIVE SUMMERY
This project gives us a detailed idea of what is stress and also the
definition of stress is been defined. For more detailed study the types of the Stress is also
defined. By looking at the starting of the project you will find:
• Introduction to Human resource

• Introduction and Definition of stress
• Stress in biological terms
• Sources of job stress
• Stress management
• Workplace stress
• Coping with stress at work place
• Managing stress at work place.
After the theoretical part I have included the research part. My research work includes two
questionnaires.
My research includes the research methodology which contains the information as

follows:
• Research objectives
• Sampling (types and methods of sampling)
• Data analysis and interpretation
• Employee’s opinion to reduce stress.
• Limitation of survey
• Advantages and disadvantages of written Questionnaire
• Findings
2.1. INTRODUCTION TO HR
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Human Resource Management is an art of managing people at work in such a

manner that they give their best to the organization. In simple words human
resource management refers to the quantitative aspects of employees working in an
organization.
Human Resource Management is also a management function concerned with hiring,

motivating, and maintaining people in an organization. It focuses on people in the
organization.
Organizations are not mere bricks, mortar, machineries or inventories. They are people. It
is the who, staff and manage organizations.
HRM involves the application of management functions and principles. The functions and
principles are applied to acquisitioning, developing, maintain, and remunerating
employees in organizations.
Decisions relating to employees must be integrated. Decision on different aspect of

employees must be consistent with other human resource decisions.
Decision made must influence the effectiveness of organization. Effectiveness of an

organization must result in betterment of services to customers in the form of high-quality
product supplied at reasonable costs.
2.2 CONCEPT OF STRESS

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INTRODUCTION TO STRESS:-
People experience stress in private life and at work place. People have to work effectively
against time and within the parameter of various rules and regulations. It is not always
possible to create an organizational climate conducive to work .Various departments,
group sand external environment factors affect individual behavior. Minimal of stress is
required for organizations to operate effectively. Excessive stress is harmful for the
individual as it causes mental and physical disequilibrium and subsequently leads to
physical and mental disturbance. People suffer from high blood pressure, heart attack
when stress is beyond control of the human beings. It is therefore necessary to identify
causes of stress and modify behavior so that the individual energy is directed towards
organizational productivity and healthy organization climate is created.
Definition:
Hans Selye was one of the founding fathers of stress research. His view in 1956 was that
“stress is not necessarily something bad – it all depends on how you take it. The stress of
exhilarating, creative successful work is beneficial, while that of failure, humiliation or
infection is detrimental.” Selye believed that the biochemical effects of stress would be
experienced irrespective of whether the situation was positive or negative. He views that
"stress is the spice of life, the absence of stress is death".
Since then, a great deal of further research has been conducted, and ideas have moved on.
Stress is now viewed as a "bad thing", with a range of harmful biochemical and long-term
effects. These effects have rarely been observed in positive situations.
According to Bheer and Newman, "stress is a condition arising from the interaction of
people and their jobs and characterized by changes within people that force them to
deviate from their normal functioning in the organization".
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The most commonly accepted definition of stress (mainly attributed to Richard S Lazarus)
is that stress is a condition or feeling experienced when a person perceives that
“demands exceed the personal and social resources the individual is able to
mobilize.” In short, it's what we feel when we think we've lost control of events.
This is the main definition used by this section of Mind Tools, although we also recognize
that there is an intertwined instinctive stress response to unexpected events. The stress
response inside us is therefore part instinct and part to do with the way we think.
What is Stress?
Stress refers to the strain from the conflict between our external environment and us,
leading to emotional and physical pressure. Stress is an individual's response to a
disturbing factor in the environment and the consequence of such reaction.Stress
obviously involves interaction of the person and the environment. It means "stress is an
adaptive response to an external situation that results in physical, psychological and/or
behavioral deviations for organizational participants”. The physical or psychological
demands for the environment that cause stress are called stressor. Stressor is the source of
stress.
In our fast paced world, it is impossible to live without stress, whether you are a
student or a working adult. There is both positive and negative stress, depending on each
individual’s unique perception of the tension between the two forces. Not all stress is bad.
For example, positive stress, also known as eustress, can help an individual to function at
optimal effectiveness and efficiency.
Hence, it is evident that some form of positive stress can add more color and vibrancy to
our lives. The presence of a deadline, for example, can push us to make the most of our
time and produce greater efficiency. It is important to keep this in mind, as stress
management refers to using stress to our advantage, and not on eradicating the presence of
stress in our lives.
On the other hand, negative stress can result in mental and physical strain. The individual
will experience symptoms such as tensions, headaches, irritability and in extreme cases,
heart palpitations. Hence, whilst some stress may be seen as a motivating force, it is
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important to manage stress levels so that it does not have an adverse impact on your health
and relationships.
Modern day stresses can take the form of monetary needs, or emotional
frictions. Competition at work and an increased workload can also cause greater levels of
stress. How do you identify if you are suffering from excessive stress? Psychological
symptoms commonly experienced include insomnia, headaches and an inability to focus.
Physical symptoms take the form of heart palpitations, breathlessness, excessive sweating
and stomachaches.
Common lifestyle stressors include performance, threat, and

bereavement stressors, to name a few. Performance stressors are triggered when an
individual is placed in a situation where he feels a need to excel. This could be during
performance appraisals, lunch with the boss, or giving a speech. Threat stressors are
usually when the current situation poses a dangerous threat, such as an economic
downturn, or from an accident. Lastly, bereavement stressors occur when there is a sense
of loss such as the death of a loved one, or a prized possession.
Thus, there are various stressors, and even more varied methods and techniques of dealing
with stress and turning it to our advantages. In order to do so, we must learn to tell when
we have crossed the line from positive to negative stress.
Good stress v/s Bad stress:

Stress has often been misunderstood to be negative, with few people acknowledging the
importance and usefulness of positive stress. In our everyday lives, stress is everywhere
and definitely unavoidable; hence our emphasis should be on differentiating between what
is good stress, and what is bad. This will help us to learn to cope with negative stress, and
harness the power of positive stress to help us achieve more. There are 4 main categories
of stress, namely eustress, distress, hyper stress and hypo stress. These are as follow:-
Eustress:
This is a positive form of stress, which prepares mind and body for the imminent
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challenges that it has perceived. Eustress is a natural physical reaction which increases
blood flow to muscles, resulting in a higher heart rate.
Example-
Athletes before a competition or perhaps a manager before a major presentation would do

well with eustress, allowing them to derive the inspiration and strength that is needed.
Distress
We are familiar with this word, and know that it is a negative form of stress. This occurs
when the mind and body is unable to cope with changes, and usually occurs when there
are deviations from the norm. They can be categorized into acute stress and chronic stress.
Acute stress is intense, but does not last for long. On the other hand, chronic stress persists
over a long period of time. Trigger events for distress can be a change in job scope or
routine that the person is unable to handle or cope with.
Hyperstress
This is another form of negative stress that occurs when the individual is unable to cope
with the workload. Examples include highly stressful jobs, which require longer working
hours than the individual can handle. Suffering from hyper stress suddenly breakdown
emotionally over insignificant issues. So it is important to recognize the need of body
break or may end up with severe and chronic physical and psychological reaction.
Hypo stress
Lastly, hypo stress occurs when a person has nothing to do with his time and feels
constantly bored and unmotivated. This is due to an insufficient amount of stress; hence
some stress is inevitable and helpful to us. If the job scope is boring and repetitive, it
would be a good idea to implement some form of job rotation so that there is always
something new to learn.
Symptoms of stress:
Burnout: - Burnout is a troublesome outcome of stress .It is a state of mind resulting

from prolonged exposure to intense emotional stress. It manifests through emotional
exhaustion and a combination of negative attitude. Following table draws distinction
between stress and burnout:
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Stress vs. Burnout
 Stress Burnout
The person feel fatigued The individual encounters
chronic exhaustion.
 The person is anxious The individual is hypertensive.
 The person is dissatisfied with The person is bored and

cynical about the
his or her job work.
 The person’s job commitment The individual’s job

commitment is virtually
Has dropped off. Nil.
 The person feels moody The individual feels impatient,

irritable and
Unwilling to talk to others.
 The person feels guilty . The individual encounters

mental depression.
 The person is having difficult The individual forgetfulness is

becoming
In concentrating . more frequent.
 The person undergoes physiological The individual beings to

voice
Changes such as increased blood psychosomatic complains.
Pressure and heartbeat.

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Causes of Burnout
• Work Estimation: Overwork is generally considered to be a major cause

for burnout. But it is not so. Burnout take place in a chaotic, unstable environment.
It often happens when there is confusion about duties and future managerial directions.
Burnout takes place when there is management by crisis. Low work estimation may also
cause burnout. When executives feel that there is no challenge and innovativeness in the
work, burnout take place.
• Job Mismatch: It has been observed that executives choose and accept jobs
which have higher extrinsic reward like high salaries and power.
These hygiene factors generally fail to motivate executives for a longer time. Decision to
choose extrinsic reward over intrinsic rewards results in unhappiness. Job mismatch may
be observed in personal value and organizational value System and autonomy provided by
organization in work environment .Lack of gratification from the work generally leads to
burnout.
• Personal Problems: Personal problems like unhappy married
life ,financial instability ,children education ,job security may cause Stress leading to
burnout.
Persons with a predisposition to burnout may be badly affected by problems unrelated to

work.
• Organizational Productivity : When executive are not able to meet

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organizational objective due external environmental factors like shortage of raw material,
government rules, market demand etc., they experience a burnout. They feel a Sense of
helplesness.Burnout may also be noticed where there is a strict bureaucratic way of doing
things and very little Scope for exploitation of personal skills, innovation and creativity.
Prevention of Burnout
Burnout emanate from organizational policy, structure, practices, nature of the work
and personal characteristics of the individual. Probability of burnout increases if there is a
mismatch between individual and job fit.
A preventive measure includes diagnosis, prevention and treatment.
Diagnosis
This includes the following:
• Feeling of lethargy.
• Lack of productivity.
• Lack of interest in the present job and feeling that change of job and place
may change present situation without even consideration Upward mobility.
• Feeling of loneliness, forced isolation and acute discomfort.
• Feeling of direction less.
• Traumatic personal problems like death in family or major accident.
Prevention
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Morley and Katherine have suggested the following prevention and treatment
strategies:
• Seeking fit between characteristics of the individual, complexity of the job and
type of organizational structure.
• Developing programmes which help individuals cope with the causes of stress
that lead to burnout.
• Teaching and supporting self-diagnosis and individual adaptation strategies for

addressing burnout symptoms.
Treatment
It includes the following:
• Evaluate and understand the cause of burnout.
• Determine change both personal and organizational to return to normal work-

related functioning.
• Develop sensitivity to the signs of burnout to cope with likelihood of the

same in future.
• Develop skills to deal with feelings and emotions to avoid burnout to fellow
employees.
2.3.Stress in Biological terms:

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Stress is a biological term which refers to the consequences of the failure of a human or
animal body to respond appropriately to emotional or physical threats to the organism,
whether actual or imagined. It includes a state of alarm and adrenaline production, short-
term resistance as a coping mechanism, and exhaustion. It refers to the inability of a
human or animal body to respond. Common stress symptoms include irritability, muscular
tension, inability to concentrate and a variety of physical reactions, such as headaches and
accelerated heart rate.
The term "stress" was first used by the endocrinologist Hans

Selye in the 1930s to identify physiological responses in laboratory animals. He later
broadened and popularized the concept to include the perceptions and responses of
humans trying to adapt to the challenges of everyday life. In Selye's terminology,
"stress" refers to the reaction of the organism, and "stressor" to the perceived
threat.
Levels of stress
According to Selye, the General Adaptation Syndrome
Consists of three phases:-
· Alarm Reaction: This is the warning stage and occurs as first sign of stress. Many
physiological and chemical reactions occur. During this stage muscle becomes tense,
pupils dilate and there is an increased hormone flow. Increased pituitary adrenaline
secretion, increased respiration, heart trouble and high blood pressure are major symptoms
of alarm stage. Regular physically exercises and expert psychiatric treatment can prevent
this phenomenon.
· Resistance: If the alarm stage is not controlled in time, body organs develop
resistance but leave its ill effects. During the resistance stage individual is unable to rest
and develops irritating nature. There is increased nervousness, tension frustration and
uneasiness in the day to day environment. Individual develops ulcer , loss of appetite and
illness. It is therefore necessary to identify roots of stress and remove them for a
permanent solution.
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· Exhaustion: When the body, psyche is affected it is believed the stress has reached
the stage of exhaustion. During this stage individual experiences physical and mental
pressures individual develops ulcers and high blood pressure. Exhaustion develops
moodiness, negative attitude, individual appears fatigued and displays helplessness in his
behavior. Poor health of employees, negative emotions and depression reduces the
organizational effectiveness to a large extent. Large number Of organizations have started
physical and psychological treatment of employees on a regular basis.
2.4. SOURCES OF STRESS:
There are three categories of potential stressors:

♣ Environmental factor
♣ Organization factor
♣ Individual factors
♣ Environmental factors:
Just as environmental uncertainty influences the design of an Organization. Changes in
business cycle create economic uncertainties.
a) Political uncertainties:
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If the political system in a country is implemented in an orderly manner, there would not
be any type of stress.
b) Technological uncertainties:
New innovations can make an employee’s skills and experiences Obsolete in a very short
period of time. Technological uncertainty therefore is a third type of environmental factor
that can cause stress. Computers, robotics, automation and other forms of technological
innovations are threat to many people and cause them stress.
♣ Organization factors:
There are no storages of factors within the organization that can cause Stress; pressures to
avoid error or complete tasks in a limited time period, work overload are few examples.
Task demands are factors related to a person’s job. They include the design of the
individual’s job working conditions, and the physical work layout.
Role demands relate to pressures placed on a person as a function of the particular
role he or she plays in the organization. Role overhead is experienced when the employees
is expected to do more than time permits. Role ambiguity is created when role
expectations are not clearly understood and employee is not sure what he / she is to do.
Interpersonal demands are pressures created by other employees. Lack of social
support from colleagues and poor. Interpersonal relationships can cause considerable
stress, especially among employed with a high social need.
Organizational structure defines the level of differentiation in the organization, the
degree of rules and regulations, and where decisions are made. Excessive rules and lack of
participation in decision that affect an employee are examples of structural variables that
might be potential sources of stress.
Potential sources Consequences

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Organizational leadership represents the managerial style of the Organizations senior

executive. Some executive officers create a culture Characterized by tension, fear, and
anxiety. They establish unrealistic pressures to perform in the short-run impose
excessively tight controls and routinely fire employees who don’t measure up. This creates
a fear in their hearts, which lead to stress. Organizations go through a cycle. They are
established; they grow, become mature, and eventually decline. An organization’s life
stage - i.e.
Where it is in four stage cycle-creates different problems and pressures for employees.
The establishment and decline stage are particularly stressful.
♣ Individual factors:
30
The typical individual only works about 40 hrs a week. The

experience and problems that people encounter in those other 128 non-work hrs each week
can spell over to the job.
a) Family problems:
National surveys consistently show that people hold family and discipline, troubles with
children are examples of relationship problems that create stress for employee and that
aren’t at the front door when they arrive at work.
b) Economic problems:
Economic problems created by individuals overextending their financial resources are
another set of personal troubles that can create stress for employees and distract their
attention from their work.
2. 5.Stress Management
Stress management is the need of the hour. However hard we try to go
beyond a stress situation, life seems to find new ways of stressing us out and plaguing us
with anxiety attacks. Moreover, be it our anxiety, mind-body exhaustion or our erring
attitudes, we tend to overlook causes of stress and the conditions triggered by those. In
such unsettling moments we often forget that stressors, if not escapable, are fairly
manageable and treatable.
Stress, either quick or constant, can induce risky body-mind disorders. Immediate
disorders such as dizzy spells, anxiety attacks, tension, sleeplessness, nervousness and
muscle cramps can all result in chronic health problems. They may also affect our
immune, cardiovascular and nervous systems and lead individuals to habitual addictions,
which are inter-linked with stress.
Like "stress reactions", "relaxation responses" and stress management

techniques are some of the body's important built-in response systems. As a relaxation
response the body tries to get back balance in its homeostasis. Some hormones released
during the 'fight or flight' situation prompt the body to replace the lost carbohydrates and
fats, and restore the energy level. The knotted nerves, tightened muscles and an exhausted
mind crave for looseness. Unfortunately, today, we don't get relaxing and soothing
situations without asking. To be relaxed we have to strive to create such situations.
31
Recognizing a stressor:
It is important to recognize whether we are under stress or out of it. Many times, even if
we are under the influence of a stressful condition and our body reacts to it internally as
well as externally, we fail to realize that we are reacting under stress. This also happens
when the causes of stress are there long enough for us to get habituated to them. The body
constantly tries to tell us through symptoms such as rapid palpitation, dizzy spells, tight
muscles or various body aches that something is wrong. It is important to remain attentive
to such symptoms and to learn to cope with the situations.
We cope better with stressful situation, when we encounter them voluntarily. In cases of
relocation, promotion or layoff, adventurous sports or having a baby, we tend to respond
positively under stress. But, when we are compelled into such situations against our will
or knowledge, more often than not, we wilt at the face of unknown and imagined threats.
For instance, stress may mount when one is coerced into undertaking some work against
one'swill.
Laughter:
Adopting a humorous view towards life's situations can take the edge off everyday
stressors. Not being too serious or in a constant alert mode helps maintain the equanimity
of mind and promote clear thinking. Being able to laugh stress away is the smartest way
toward off its effects.
A sense of humor also allows us to perceive and appreciate the incongruities of life and
provides moments of delight. The emotions we experience directly affect our immune
system. The positive emotions can create neurochemical changes that buffer the
immunesuppressive effects of stress.
During stress, the adrenal gland releases corticosteroids, which are converted to cortical in
the blood stream. These have an immunosuppressive effect. Dr. Lee Berk and fellow
32
researcher Dr. Stanley Tan at Loma Linda University School of Medicine have produced
carefully controlled studies showing that the experience of laughter lowers serum cortical
levels, increases the amount and activity of T lymphocytes—the natural killer cells.
Laughter also increases the number of T cells that have suppresser receptors.
Laughter helps to reduce stress
• Laughter lowers blood pressure and reduces hypertension.
• It provides good cardiac conditioning especially for those who are unable to perform
physical exercise.
• Reduces stress hormones (studies shows, laughter induces reduction of at least four of
neuroendocrine hormones—epinephrine, cortical, dopac, and growth hormone, associated
with stress response).
• Laughter cleanses the lungs and body tissues of accumulated stale air as it empties more
air than it takes in. It is beneficial for patients suffering from emphysema and other
respiratory ailments.
• It increases muscle flexion, relaxation and fluent blood circulation in body.
• Boosts immune function by raising levels of infection-fighting T-cells, disease-fighting

proteins called Gamma-interferon and disease-destroying antibodies called B-cells.
• Laughter triggers the release of endorphins—body's natural painkillers.
• Produces a general sense of well-being.

33
2.6.Workplace Stress
Workplace stress is the harmful physical and emotional response that occurs when there
is a poor match between job demands and the capabilities, resources, or needs of the
worker. Stress-related disorders encompass a broad array of conditions, including
psychological disorders (e.g., depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder) and other
types of emotional strain (e.g., dissatisfaction, fatigue, tension, etc.), maladaptive
behaviors (e.g., aggression, substance abuse), and cognitive impairment (e.g.,
concentration and memory problems). In turn, these conditions may lead to poor work
performance or even injury.
2. 7. Coping with stress at work place
With the rapid advancement of technology, the stresses faced at work have also increased. Many
people dread going to work, hence the term “Monday Blues”. Undoubtedly, occupational stress
is one of the most commonly cited stressors faced by people all over the world.
Stress refers to the pressure and reactions to our environment which results in psychological and
physical reactions. Whilst some stress is good for motivation and increasing efficiency, too much
stress can result in negative impacts such as reduced effectiveness and efficiency. More and
more people are feeling isolated and disrespected at work, and this has led to greater
occupational stress. Many companies have taken to consulting experts and professionals on ways
to increase connectedness and motivation of their employees.
Some companies organize parties and make their employees feel valued at work. These are
measures to motivate employees and help them to feel secure at their jobs, translating into
greater productivity. However, not all companies have such measures in place, and some have
not gotten it quite right. Hence, it is up to organization to cope with stress at workplace, and use
it for better work. Here are 3 simple steps that helps coping with stress in the workplace.
34
Step1:Raising Awareness
Identify the rising level of stress, tipping the scales from positive to negative. This is important,
as being able to identify signs of being stressed can help to take steps to ensure that overall
quality of life does not drop. If left unacknowledged, the problem will only snowball, leading to
disastrous consequences to your health and overall wellbeing
Stress can identify by checking physical or psychological reactions, such as excessive sweating
or heart palpitations, or the onset of headaches, irritability or the need to escape.
Step 2: Identify the Cause
Analyze the situation and identify what is the cause of stress. These stressors can be external and
internal. External stressors refer to things beyond the control, such as the environment or
colleagues at work. Internal stressors refer to own thinking and attitude. Often, we only start
reacting to stress when a combination of stressors working together exceeds our ability to cope.
Keep a diary or a list of events that have caused to feel strong negative emotions, or that are
likely stressors. This will help to identify the causes of stress. Whilst it is not always possible to
eradicate them, we can change the way that we cope with it.
Step 3: Coping with Stress
In order to deal with the situation that is causing stress, keep the body and mind calm so as to
stave off the reactions and cope with it in a positive way. This can be through different methods,
such as taking time off. If a situation is triggering the stress and unable to calm down, and then
remove from it. Go outside and take a walk to calm down. Alternatively, try implementing
35
relaxation techniques such as deep breathing. If it is an internal stressor, stop thought process
until able to deal with it logically.
The key to making these 3 steps work is to practice them. These are not instantaneous solutions,
and there is need to practice them so that it can be implementing when feeling stressed.
2.8. Managing stress in work place
Every responds to stress in a different way, it is only by understanding the nature of

individual responses that you can start fighting stress yourself and others. Reduction or
elimination of stress is necessary for psychological and physical well being of an
individual. Efficiency in stress management enables the individual to deal or cope with the
stressful situations instead of avoidance. Strategies like tie management, body-mind and
mind-body relaxation exercise, seeking social support help individual improve their
physical and mental resources to deal with stress successfully. Apart from helping
employees adopt certain coping strategies to deal with stress providing them with the
service of counselor is also useful. Many strategies have been developed to help manage
stress in the work place. Some are strategies for individuals, and other is geared toward
organizations.
Individual coping strategies:
Many strategies for helping individuals manage stress have been Proposed.
36
Individual coping strategies are used when an employee under stress exhibits undesirable
behavior on the jobs such as performance, strained relationship with co-workers,
absenteeism alcoholism and the like.
Employees under stress require help in overcoming its negative effects. The strategies
used are:
a) Exercise:-
One method by which individual can manage their stress is through exercise. People
who exercise regularly are known to less likely to have heart attacks than inactive
people are. Research also has suggested that people who exercise regularly feel less
tension and stress are more conflict and slow greater optimism.
b) Relaxation:-
A related method individual can manage stress is relaxation. Copying with stress
require adaptation. Proper relaxation is an effective way to adopt. Relaxation can take
many forms. One way to relax is to take regular vacations; people can also relax while on
the job (i.e. take regular breaks during their normal workday). A popular way of resting is
to sit quietly with closed eyes for ten minutes every afternoon.
c) Time management:-
Time management is an often recommended method for managing
Stress, the idea is that many daily pressures can be eased or eliminated if a person does a
better job of managing time. One popular approach to time management is to make a list,
every morning or the things to be done that day. Then you group the items on the list into
three categories: critical activities that must be performed, important activities that should
be performed, and optimal or trivial things that can be delegated or postponed, then of
more of the important things done every day.
37
d) Role Management:-
Some what related to time management in which the individual actively works to avoid
overload, ambiguity and conflict.
e) Support Groups:-
This method of managing stress is to develop and maintain support group. A support
group is simply a group of family member or friends with whom a person can spend time.
Supportive family and friends can help people deal with normal stress on an ongoing
basis. Support groups can be particularly useful during times of crisis.
f) Behavioural Self-control:-
In ultimate analysis, effective management if stress presupposes exercise of self-control on
the part of an employee. By consciously analyzing the cause and consequences of their
own behavior, the employees can achieve self-control. They can further develop
awareness of their own limits of tolerance and learn to anticipate their own responses to
various stressful situations. The strategy involves increasing an individuals control sover
the situations rather than being solely controlled by them.
g) Cognitive Therapy:-
The cognitive therapy techniques such as Elli’s rational emotive model and
Meichenbaum’s cognitive strategy fir modification have been used as an individual
strategy for reducing job stress.
g) Counseling:-
Personal counseling help employees understand and appreciate a diverse workforce, the
holistic approach adopted by the counselor gives him a comprehensive view of the
employee as client and enable him to deal the issues of work related problems in a larger
context with his awareness of the inter-relationship among problems in adjustment with
self, other and environment and that a work concern will effect personal life and vice-
versa, the employee would receive help regarding the problem in all life. One of the
advantage of the individual interventions is the individual can use these skills to improve
the quality of life in offer domains like family, social support and self, thus reducing the
negative carry of experiences in these domains into the work life which might effect his
occupation mental health.
Organizational Strategies:-
The most effective way of managing stress calls for adopting stressors and prevent
occurrence of potential stressors.’
Two basic organizational strategies for helping employees manage Stress is institutional
programs and collateral programs.
38
Work Design Stress Management progrsams

Work schedules Health promotions programs
Culture Other programs
Supervision
a) Institutional programs:-
Institutional programs for managing stress are undertaken to established organizational

mechanism for example, a properly designed job and word schedules can help ease stress.
Shift work in particular can constantly have to adjust their sleep and relaxation patterns.
Thus, the design of work schedules should be a focused of organizational efforts to reduce
stress.
The organization’s culture can also used to help to manage stress. The Organization
should strive to foster a culture that reinforces a healthy mix of work and nonworking
activities. Finally, supervision can play an important institutional role in Overload. In
managing stress. A supervisor is a potential manager source of overload. If made aware of
their potential for assigning stressful amounts of work, supervisors can do a better job
keeping workloads reasonable.
b) Collateral Programs:-
In addition to their institutional efforts aimed at reducing stress, many Organizations are
turning to collateral programs. A collateral stress program in an organizational program
specifically created to help employees deal with stress. The organizations have adopted
stress management programs, health promotion programs and other kinds of programs for
this purpose.
39
3. Research Methodology
Review of the literature:
3.1.Research Objective: -
Stress is a dynamic condition in which an individual is confronted with an

opportunity, demand or resource related to what the individual desires and for which the
outcome is perceived to be both uncertain and important. This is a complicated definition.
Stress is not necessarily bad in and of itself. Although stress is typically discussed in a
negative context, it also has a positive value. It’s an opportunity when it offers potential gain.
Consider for example, the superior performance that an athlete or stage performer gives in
“clutch” situations. Such individuals often use stress positively to rise to the occasion and
perform at or near their maximum. Similarly, many professionals see the pressures of heavy
workloads and deadlines as positive challenges that enhance the quality of their work and the
satisfaction the get from their job.
But it is different in the case of HEC employees. Before few years the condition of
HEC was worse. There was surplus of employees, it was tough to manage the pool of employers.
So for reducing employers HEC announced VRS in 1992.In this many skilled and experienced
employers had take VRS .Today when HEC is in rising stage, it is facing the
problem of employee cut-offs and so the work load of the existing employees increases and the
feel stressed.
Objective of the project on stress management
• To find out the level of stress that executives of HEC face when confronted with
a particular situation.
• How the employee deal with stressfull situation in life and work.
40
• Whether the employee takes stress in their job positively or negatively.
• Whether stress helps in bringing out the best out of the employee.
• Whether the employee takes their office related stress to their homes.
This research is to carry out the study that how much stressed the employees of HEC are and
how do their stress affect their work life, social life, output etc. so a sample of 60 employees are
selected from all the four units of HEC for the research of stress among them.
3.2 Sampling
Sample: I have taken the sample of 60 employees from three different units of HEC. All the
employees were of the different designations.
The population is defined in keeping with the objectives of the study. The
population is too large for the research to attempt of all its members. A small but carefully
chosen sample can be used to represent the population. The sample reflects the characteristics of
the population from which it is drawn.
Sampling methods are classified either probability or non probability. For collecting sample
probability method is used. This includes :
 Random sampling is the purest form of probability sampling. Each member of the
population has an equal and known chance of being selected. When there are very large
populations, it is often difficult or impossible to identify every member of the population,
so the pool of available subjects becomes biased.
 Systematic sampling is often used instead of random sampling. It is also called an Nth
name selection technique. After the required sample size has been calculated, every Nth
record is selected from a list of population members. As long as the list does not
contain any hidden order, this sampling method is as good as the random sampling
41
method. Its only advantage over the random sampling technique is simplicity.
Systematic sampling is frequently used to select a specified number of records from a
computer file.
 Stratified sampling is commonly used probability method

that is superior to random sampling because it reduces sampling error. A stratum is
a subset of the population that shares at least one common characteristic. The
researcher first identifies the relevant stratums and their actual representation in the
population. Random sampling is then used to select subjects from each stratum until
the number of subjects in that stratum is proportional to its frequency in the
population. Stratified sampling.
3.3.DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

This research is based on few questionnaire distributed to employees of H.E.C. This is according
to the individual view of the employee from the office and shop plant. This data is taken out
among the all employees working in H.E.C. these employees include executives officers in
office, executives in shop floor and labor class (regular and contract both).
Questionnaires given to employees and their personal view are as follows:
BURNOUT QUESTIONAIRE:-
1. Are you satisfied with the performance you give at your work?
Total no. of samples=60

No. of employees agreed=54
No. of employees disagree=6
42
Statement: 90% employees of H.E.C are very much satisfied with their work and they are
ready to give their 100%. This show that till now the work given to them has been
completed successfully. It also shows their dedication against their work. Our findings is
that eustress has been acting within them which is the positive sign. This Eustress acts in
those placeses where there is continuous work. H.E.C is a process layout plant and this
plant has different works which bring lot of challenges to employees. Employees love to
accept new challenges and they also learn new things. H.E.C is known for their quality
and they cannot compensate with their quality. Whereas 10% of the employees are not
satisfied with their work. They are those who always want to give their best to the
company and their best is still to come.
2. Do you think that you are suffering from depression?
No. of sample=60
No. of employees agree=17
43
Statement: 72% of employees in H.E.C are not going through the depression and only
28% of employee are going through the depression. This is good sign for the H.E.C but
the remaining 28% of the employees should not be neglected. It is said that one ditry fish
makes the pond dirty so there might be chanceses of those 72% employees turning to be
like the rest 28% employees. According to our survey the employees go into dipression
when they have no work to do. Sitting ideal keeps the mind workless which brings
different thoughts and lead it to the stressed condition. This is the form of negative stress
which leads to a depression stage.
3. Do you worry about your colleague’s opinion about you?
No. of sample=60
44
Statement: In H.E.C 52% of employees worry about their colleague’s opinion and 48%
do not bother about others opinion. If the opinion is negative then the employee will get
stressed out because it is the human being nature that negative opinion allways bring
jelleousy and inco-operation and the result is work slow down. But the work culture of
H.E.C is so good that the opinion given by others is keept within them. This show after
all this opinion employees don’t let this to affect in there work.
4. Do you discuss your problem with your spouse or friend or any other close to you?
No. of sample=60
45
Statemnet: 80% of the employees say that they discuss their problem with others and
20% of them say that they don’t. discussing the problem with others reducess stress and
many a times while discussing the problem with others brings the solution to it.discussing
problem with others show a good co-operation with others. The profit to an organization
comes with the team work. Remaining 20% are those who have the solution of their
problem so they do not like to discuss with others. They think problem a ment to be
solved for which they are kept there. They say that they are paied to solve the problem so
they put their 100% effort in solving them. Most of them in H.E.C are the experienced
employees so there is no such diffecult problem which can not be sort out by own.
5. Do you work more than 8 hours?
No. of sample=60
46
Statement:93% of employees say that they work more than 8 hours. They have no
problem in working more than 8 hours. they have been doing this since past 15-20 years.
So they got habituated. Even shop floor employees are ready to do their work more than
8 hours if required but the thing is that humans get tired after a certain limit of time. Their
efficiency will not remain the same as it is in the bigining of the day,so he should be
given equal amount of rest.7% of employees say that they can not work more that 8 hours
because they aslo prefer giving attention towards family life. This is also good because to
keep the balance between social life and work place.
6. You have important function at home and your boss asks you to give 4 hours over time,
what will be your response?
No. of sample=60
No. of employees can not say=10
47
Statement:63% of the employees say that they work for the company and if boss tell them
to stay and do extra time they are ready to do it because they understand that the work is
important. They understand that if they give the extra time the company will benefit and
if company benefits they will also benefit. H.E.C has gone through the decline stage
when it was in loss and all the employees had suffered. They can very well understand
the situation of the decline stage.20% of the employees say that they will not stay. These
are the employees who work in the shop floor and they know that the work can be done
by the next shift works.yes if necessary or shortage of the workers they will be
staying.17% of employees say that it depends on the situation and importance of the
work. These employees think that they should maintain the balance between work and
social life. So after working for 8 hours they feel that rest of the time they should give to
their family and themselves. This also true that to maintain the balance between social
and work life the break should be given.
7. Do you regularly spend time for entertainment?
No. of sample=60
48
Statement:75% of employees say that they spend their time for the entertainment which is
also a good sign. Continous of work make the man in the stage of harassment and
stressful so even at work place employees take out the time for entertainment like
cracking the jokes with their colleagues or friends. These employees also see that the
work do not get affected.25% of the employees say that they do get time for
entertainment. These type of employees are much dedicated to their works. They belive
that during the break time they get the time to relax which is enough for them. In both the
caseses the H.E.C employees are finding them comfortable. Among those 75% of
employees the maximum are from the shop floor where the production work is done so
continuous work may lead to a dissaster.
8. Is your social life balanced?
No. of sample=60
49
Statement: 87% of employees agree that their social life is balanced and they have no
problem. The good thing about the H.E.C employees was that even at the time of decline
stage they maintained a balance in their social life. At that stage the employee lernt a lot
so they are still maintaining the same life style. 13% of the employees say that their socil
life is not balanced but even though they don’t show this in the work place. This unbalace
is because as the cost of things are rising high and their pay revision is not yet be done, so
their social life is not balanced. These employees say that if they keep the same thinking
in the work place then the work will get hampered and if work gets hampered they will
suffer at the end so they don’t bring the social life problem into the company. They got
habituated enough to tackel the problem at home and at work place too. Here the eudtress
act as success of piller in them.
9. Do you plan your work before doing?
No. of sample=60
50
Statement: 95% of employees belive that they plan before they proceed which is the good
sign because the before doing the work planing is very much essential. To make the work
success planing is need to be done. Work which is not planed might go wrong and lead to
dissaster. In H.E.C the shop floor employees plan the work which is to be done the next
day. Work done according to the plan leaves no error of mistake. This is why the H.E.C
is growth stage after past decline stage. 5% of employees think they don’t plan their
work. These are those employees who wait for the order from the boss. They are
basically the lower grade employees or the supply workers who are know as majdor. I
will be good that the seniour employees make the plan understand to these employees so
that they don’t make any mistake during the work.
10. Do you fear about the quality of your performance?
No. of sample=60
51
Statement: 37% of employees say that yes they fear about the quality of their
performance because as H.E.C can not negociate with the quality of its product with
others so they have to maintain such quality till the end. This fear put them to cocentrate
in their work which is benefit for the company. This fear is with the freshers mostly. If
the performance level decreases then the company will suffer and they might scolding
from the boss. The chanceses of apperaisal will be very less. The employees like supply
workers (majdoor) fear because they might be throwen out of the job. Rest 63% of the
employees say that they don’t have any fear because they had achived those skill of
perfection. They belive that they don’t leave any error of mistake by which their
performance level will decrease. In both the caseses the stress is taken as the positive
way.
11. Do you get tensed at your non-achivement of your target?
No. of sample=60
52
Statement: 65% of the employees say that they some time get tensed at the non-
achivement target. They also say that getting tensed is not the solution to such problem so
they try to make some way out with help of other expertes form other country. They
belive there is no such think that H.E.C can not make. While 35% of employees think
that they don’t get tensed by the non-achivement target. Here eustress plays its major role
within the employees which helps them to put their effort like a new bigning. They forget
the past and come prepared with the better plan. The employees should learn for their
mistake and see that the same mistake is not repeted next time.
12. Do you feel stressed some times?
No. of sample=60
53
Statement: 83% of employees say that yes they feel stressed sometimes but it goes away
imediately. Employees in H.E.C say that they feel much stressed when they don’t have
any thing to do. This shows when the employees are busy stress don’t stay for a long
time. It is said that empty mind brings all the useless thoughts therefore to avoid this
situation employees like to work and keep them busy.17% of employees say that they
don’t feel stressed. These employees may not be open to us because if a person says that
he or she is not in stress through out the life is not possible. There are two types of stress
mention above positive and negetive stress. Both the stress run parallel in the life. The
only thing is that a person lean toward that stress which has enough weightage.
13. Is the reason of your stress your work load?
No. of sample=60
54
Statement: 43% of the employees say that yes the reason for the stress is the work load. It
is because one work is not finished and the other is on the table. In the shop floor the
work load is too much because after all a company’s profit is based on the production of
the shop. If the machine get defective then the work gets stopped and the work which was
to be completed on that day gets delayed. The load comes here on the employees when
they are asked to deliver the material on the limited time. Where as 55% of the
employees say that they are not stress with the work load because they belive that it is
there duty and they have to complete it with no complains. In H.E.C employees have
been in the company since 15-20 years so by this time they have adapted this type of
work load very easily. 2% of employees say that they don’t know work load, they don’t
feel like that.
14. Are you stressed because of your family problem?
No. of sample=60
55
Statement:18% of the employees say that yes they are stressed because of the family
problem. Today cost of every thing has gone up and the employee’s pay revision is not
updated. Demands has gone up and the source of income is the same so there rise the
family problems. These are those employees who’s salary is less but they say that they
don’t let such problem to hampare there work. It is a good sign but if the company want’s
the best productivity then the pay revision should be done according to the present
situation. 78% of the employees say that they are not stressed with the family problem
because they have handeled the worst situation and today they don’t feel stressed with
the family problem. These employees don’t want to stressed during work because they
leave the family problems at home.
15. Do you get tensed when your boss scolds you?
No. of sample=60
56
Statement:70% of employees say that yes they feel stressed when they get scolding form
their boss. They also say that they don’t take it in the negative way. They also agree that
after getting scolding many solution come out. Employees agree that they can tolarate
scolding only for their work and not for any other thing. In the shop floor this is handled
very carefully because if employee is scolded by his boss then there might raise a
problem of strike. So in H.E.C special care is taken that bosses don’t react with
employees verry harsh. Executives in H.E.C say that scolding is done sometimes just not
to repeat the mistake. They don’t take personally,they scold only to help them.28% of
employees say that they feel stressed when boss scolds. We can say that it is the human
nature. After getting scolding no person will feel good. The good thing about the
employees here is that they don’t carry the stress for a long time. They belive that there is
no use of getting stressed for a long time. The work will get pending and there will be
more stress later than they are facing now.2% of employees say that it doesn’t matter.
They don’t know how to react in this situation. It is better to keep mum and simply
perform the work.
16. Do you try to find any solution for the problem for your stress?
No. of sample=60
57
Statement: 85% of the employees say that yes they are able to find out the problem to
their stress. Some say that they do meditation for few seconds and then start performing
their work, some say that they say there prayer and release the stress and some say that
they ask for help with their co-workers or the boss.13% of employees say that they can
not find the solution by there own. These employees must be taken into consideration and
should be lead to the proper solution. If the employee is in stress then it is the duty of the
co-worker to lead him or her out from the situation. If the employee is stressed then his
stress should be held out with the discussion. Talking to the other person can lead to the
reduction of stress.2% employees say that they don’t know exacetlly what to do when
they are in stress. The same solution can be applied to these employees.
17. Do you use any therapy for reducing stress like yoga or morning walk?
No. of sample=60
58
Statement: 72% of employees say that yes they use therapy to reduce the stress. They do
yoga or morning walk which keeps them fit. By doing this they don’t allow the stress to
come within them. Some likes to listen slow music and some likes to listen the old song.
Few of them like to watch movies and cartoon channels.27% of the employees say that
they don’t follow any therapy because they don’t get time for any other thing. The best
thing they do is sleeping. This bring their mind into peace and in relaxed form. Physically
they feel fresh after the good sleep.1% of the employees say that they don’t follow any of
the therapy. The suggestion for them is that they should follow any one of the therapy as
mentioned above. There is non other thing which can reduce the stress.
18. When you are interrupted at any activity do you respond with anger?
No. of sample=60
59
Statement: 25% of the employees say that they feel angry when they are interrupted at
any activity. They say that at that time their concentration at work will be too much and if
someone disturbs naturally they will feel angry. The important thought get vanished by
the disturbence. Anger makes the man disturbe and the work go wrong so as possible he
or she should tell the person that he is busy and will meet after the work gets over. This is
the simplest thing which can be done. 75% of the employees say that they don’t feel
angery when they are interrupted at any activity,infact they feel relaxed by that
interruption. They say that they like such situation to happen because stress at work is
reduced. They get fresh after the a shot break and they can put more concentration after
the break.
19. When you are given an unexpectedly large project, do you get tensed?
No. of sample=60
60
Statement: 30% of employees say that yes they will get tensed when they are given
unexpectedly large project because at the starting there will be a problem but later with
the help of discussion with colleagues and boss the tension will be gone. H.E.C
employees say that the work culture of here is so good that people want feel that the work
given to them is diffecult.70% of the employee say that they don’t feel tensed by any sort
of work given to them. They say that today they are kept in such post only to work. They
also think if their work is not by them then who will do it, they are payed for that work
only. Some of them say that there is no use of bring tension during work it spoils the
work and till today they have done so much work that there is no new type of work left.
General questionaires
1. When forced to work overtime, how do you deal with it?
No. of sample=60
No. of employees say they do the work without thinking=36
No. of employees say they think first and then start=24
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Statement: 60% of the employees say that they will work without thinking because they
know that today H.E.C is facing the man power so they are ready to do so. But in this
case it is the loss of the company because according to the rules if the employee work
over time then the other day that employee should be given leave because there is no
extra wages given for the overtime. employees needed the other day will be in leave and
the work will get hampered.40% of the employees say that they will think first and then
start working because they also understand that H.E.C is running short of manpower.
Actually no one will like to work after 8 hours they are humans and not machines.even
machines get stop after a long run due to heat but the employees are human. If the
employees become restless then it will hamper the work. They can produce the material
be asked but the quality might differ. So rest is necessary. H.E.C employees will give
their extra effort just because they don’t want to suffer once again. This is why the
company is again at the growth stage.
2. When you encounter a problem you…….
No. of samples=60
No. of employees take it as a challenge=26
No.of employees think and then proceed=34
62
Statement: 43% of employees say that they accept as a challenge when they
encounter with a new problem. As H.E.C is the process layout plant there is different
types of work to perform. The employees belive that in the beginning they find a bit
diffecult to start but they also belive that there is no such problem which has no
solution so they take it as a challenge.57% of the employees say that they think first
and then proceed. Here thinking is related to the discussion or getting help from
others. Here employees don’t feel annoyed to ask for the help from others.
Production is not a individual work it is a team work,so to move forward in this work
co-operation is verry important. Then only there will be the profit to the company as a
whole.
3. When you’re given more work than you can deal with,you?
No. of samples=60
No. of employees say they will redouble their work=40
No. of employees say they will slowly adapt the pressure=20
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Statement:67% the employees say that when they are given more work they
automatically redouble their effort. This is the automatically done because here the
positive pressure acts within them which leads them to achive their target in the given
limited time. In this case employees without giving extra time to their work their effort
automatically gets redouble.33% of the employees say that they slowly adapt the
pressure. In the office employees say that there are already too much of work on their
table and one doesn’t gets over the other work reappear. Employees sometimes take work
for granted and be in the rest situation and suddenly the other work are kept before them
so in this case the employee will start building up the pressure within him or her self. So
the suggestion to them is that as soon as they get the work try to finish it as soon as
possible in time so that the pressure situation do not get built up. But in the shop floor
things are different suppose there is a breakdown in any shop and if it is not repaired on
time then the work load rises.
4. You find work?
No. of samples=60
No. of employees feel engaging=36
No. of employees feel amusing=24
No. of employees feel difficult=0
64
Statement:60% of the employees say that they find their work engaging which is
good. Employees getting them engaged in their work leave no sign of burden or
overload. These employees like to get into the work rather feeling stressed. This
shows that employees put their effort which leaves no work pending on their table.
Where as 40% of employees say that they find work amusing. This is the best way to
work. An employees should always work by taking a intrest. If there is less intrest in
doing the work then the output will come 99% and to make the same work 100%
intrest should be taken. None of them find diffecult because they feel that work is
made to be done and there is nothing like impossible. Person having negative stress
will find say that work is diffecult which will also lead them to dipression. Engaging
and amusing is very close to each other but the output of these two comes different.
So the employees should always find the work amusing.
5. When something force you to change your lifestyle,you?
No. of samples=60
No. of employees accept the changes=25
No. of employees adapt the change=35
No. of employees complain about it=0
65
Statement:42% of the employees say that they will accept the change when they are
forced to change their life style. The decision varry from employees from office floor
to shop floor. The office employees say that they will react according to the
situation,if change is really needed they will have to change. By this they will not be
in loss infact they will learn something from it which will increase their effeciency.
Where as shop floor employees say that they will do what is ordered to them because
they are so experienced that they are ready to handel any type of work at any
condition. After all they are work for the company which provide them every thing so
they won’t let the work to affect.58% of the employees say that they will learn how to
deal with the changes. They say if work can be dynamic then why can’t they. They
like to change themselves and adapt what every condition is applied. By this they will
be able to guide the new comers eaisly. None of them will complain and feel diffecult
to work.
6. How do you handle an excessive workload?
No. of samples=60
No.of employees say they prioritize the work=50
No.of employees move slowly to tackel=10
No.of employees gets frustrated=0
66
Statement: 83% of the employees say that they give their first priority to their work so
what every work given to them is done with no complain. This is good about the
employees that at the time of work their concentration is at work and not in any other
thing. They feel satisfied if the work is completed on time. They don’t feel like
excessive workload, they feel that they should and complete their work and pass the
work to the other section. It is good to see that the employees don’t want to keep the
work on pending. Pending work creates the workload. 17% of employees say that
they slowly tackel the work. They first tackel those work which is very important
because they understand that if the work remains pending then it will affect the
production and as it affects the producion work then he is indirectly affecting himslef.
So none of them again want to be in the same situation which brought them to suffer
in the past.
7. How do you handle problems?
No. of samples=60
No. of employees try their best to sort out=44
No. of employees enjoy the challenge=16
No. of employees gets angery=0
67
Statement: 73% of the emoloyees say that they try their best to sort them out.
Employees say that they first they try to tackel by their own and if needed they ask
for the help. Overall it means that there is no such work which is left pending. There
is no sign of work getting blocked.problem level for ever catogory of employees will
be different like a employee new to the company might face the problem in working
but the experienced employees who had spent 15-20 years will not face same
problem. 27% of the employees say that they enjoy the problem when they work.
This is the learning attitude which allow them to accept that problem as a challenge.
In both the caseses the mind is in the working condition.73% of the employees take
the help of others and 27% of the employees have the solution of their problem,so
they enjoy the problem.
8. When you are stressed you feel?
No. of samples=60
No. of employees say pain=12
No. of employees say anger=3
No. of employees say embarrasment=12
No.of employees say exhausted=25
No. of employees say headaches=5
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Statement: 21% of the employees say that they feel pain in their body part when they
feel stressed. The only thing which should be done is take a break for a while or
discuss the problem with others. By doing this a person will distribut his or her
problem and the stress will be reduced at once. There are some times that if the
solution is not with the one ,the other might be having the solution for that
problem.5%of the employees say that they feel angery while not getting the solution
for their problem, but being angry is not the solution. Anger is such thing which
brings the whole work into dissaster. Angry person brings the whole environment into
tensed. So anger should be avoided as long as they could.21% of the employees say
that they feel embaressment when they are stressed. This situation should be avoided
because it is the sign of failure. It was good to know from the employees that their
embaressment stays only for few minutes and get disappeared. Employees say that
there are so much expert employees that after discussing with them the stress goes
away.44% of the employees say that they feel exausted when they feel stressed. It is
quite natural that after a continuous work the mind needs rest and if the rest is not
taken this exausted situation rise. This exausted situation of the employees will lead
to the production of low quality. So the employees say that they follow few things to
come over through this situation, like some say they say their prayer in this
situation,some take a break for a while and some drink tea to avoid this situation. This
was good to see employees having solution for their problem.9% of the employees
say that they feel headache so in this situation they like to take a break from the work
and like to discuss their stress to their colleagues.
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9. If there is disagreement about work,I defer to other people’s judgement and abilities.
No. of samples=60
No. of employees say rarely=19
No. of employees say sometimes=39
No. of employees say most of the times=2
Statement:19% of the employees say that they rarely avoid the other employee’s
judgement because they belive that there might be the better plan with other person.
This is only in the case of where the other person is on the same profession.65% of
the employees say that they sometimes avoid the other employee’s judgement. In
H.E.C there is a shortage of man power and the employees are given work according
to their skills so those employees think that they are capable enough to perform their
duty well that’s why they will be avoiding others judgement.3% of the employees say
that they will always avoid others judgement because as they don’t interfear in others
work in the same way they wont allow any other employee to enterfear in their work.
The executive should also understand that there are sometimes when the solution
comes out from the employee who is in the lower post. So their word should also be
taken into consideration. After all the decission should be should be in favour of the
company.
10. If a project I am working on fails?

70
No. of samples=60
No. of employees say learn from the mistake=51
No. of employees say brood over long time=5
No. of employees say blame myself=4
Statement: 85% of the employees say that if they fail in there work they will learn
from their mistake. This is the good sign for a learning employees. Learning from the
mistake will bring benefit to the employees as well as to the organisation. No one is
perfect in this world so mistake will be comitted with humans only. So being a human
learning attitude should be continued. Learning from the mistake is not to follow the
same mistake in the future. Where as 8% of the employees say that they will repent
for their failure but not for long time. they will brood because they feel because of
them the work has gone wrong. It is good thing to accept the own mistake but mean
time it should not be carried for a long time or else this may sometimes lead to the
depression stage.7% of the employees say that they will blame them self for the
failure. This should not be done for the long time the present works gets affected.
Doing this the present work will get affectied. Many employees belive that they
should live in present rathere living in past or future.
11. I spend so long at work that my outside relationships are suffering.

71
No. of samples=60
No. of employees say not at all=19
No. of employees say allways=5
Statement:32% of the employees say that they don’t feel that their family suffers
while they are in work for a long time. They say that they have such understanding
with their family which bring no problem. Employee’s family now has understood
that the work is done for the money and money is earned for the family.60% of the
employees say that sometimes their family have to suffer for working for a long time.
If the family wants to go out and the person don’t be there then in this cases family
will suffer. If there is any important function at home and the person don’t reach there
on time then in that case the family will suffer.8% of the employees say that their
family suffer most of the time but there is nothing which can be done. They belive
that duty is duty and they can not compensate with the work the only thing that can be
done by them is try to complate their work quickly. This is the with those employees
who work in office.
12. I’am so busy I find it increasingly difficult to concentrate on the job in front of me.
No. of sample=60
72
No. of employees say its rarely=35

No. of employees say its sometimes=22
No. of employees say its allways=3
Statement:58% of the employees say that they don’t keep them so busy that they are
unable to concentrate in there work. They say they have to keep them flexible so that
they give attention to all side. This don’t affect their concentration.37%of employees
say that they sometimes keep them busy that they are unable to concentration in their
work. By this they mean that they can not concentrate in other work unless they
fininsh their present work. This is also good for the employee because they belive that
complecation of work leads them to unconcentration. Where as 5% of the employees
say that most of the time they can not concentrate on their work at the time they are
busy. This is the case with the new contract employees. The theoritical is different
and practical is different. It is said that only 30% of theoritical knowledge is used and
rest is done by their own. They learn lot in their duty place.
13. I always get good night sleep without worrying about work…
No. of samples=60
No. of employees say always=41
73

No. of employees say rarely=5
Statement:9% of the employees say that they rarely get good goodnite sleep at night.
These are the employees form the office floor. This is not the case with the shop floor
employees because they get so much tired that they sleep after having their dinner.
These employees should also take care about their health because not having a good
goodnite sleep can disturbe their health in the future.23% of employees say that they
sometimes don’t get good goodnite sleep because if the workload becomes so much
that they can not stop themselves from thinking about the workplace.63% of the
employees say that they take good goodnite sleep every day. These employees follow
the routine like early to bed and early to rise. They think that following this routine
will keep their mental and physical condition fit.
14. I feel tired during the day:
No. of samples=60
No. of employees say very rarely=29
No.of employees say sometimes=28
74
No of employees say most of the time=3
Statement: 48% of the employees say that they rarely feel tired during the day time
because they take out few minute to relax during the worktime.47% of the employees say
that sometimes they feel tired during the day time because they get no time for rest
because of busy shedule.5% of the employees say that they most of the time get tired
during the day time because they the do the hardwork in the plant. These are those
employees who work at the shop floor.
3.4.OVER ALL FINDINGS:
It is analysed from the 1st question of burnout filled by the employees that the employees
who have scoured more option [A] means…. That they are very active and relived
person. They address problem by dealing with them directily them self. Its most lightly
that their stress coping machanism is turning stress into positive(eustress) which allows
benefiting form it while dealing with it at the same time. They usuallly achive this by
distracting themselves with their hobby or resorting to some form of exercise. The
combination of their sound mind and healthy body will enable them to withstand good
degree of stress.
Where as option [B] means……that they are mostly very realistic laidback and logical
individual. They take their time with things, minimizing the chanceses of error on their
path. It is also that this verry methodological approach to things that allow them to
rootout most of their problems before they be into the problem. Chanceses are they rarely
deal with problems and when they do it doesn’t affect them as much as it normally should
and they perform as through nothing has happened. The only drawback to all these traits
is they are prome to become too passive. They run the risk of over looking problems or
75
giving themselves too long time to deal with things and thus they may find themselves
facing a problem that they should have neeped at the bud.
Where as option[C] means…….that they reflect their relatively poor coping machanism.
They are probably irritable and always want things to go there way, which is never the
case in life. They become frastrated because of this and they endup putting unneccessary
tentionn on them. Their nature could also be attributed to life changing envent that may
have happened recently. It might be advisable to seek professional help and start
changing the way they see the problems which come to them. It would also be a good
idea to start getting into shap as a physically healthy person will resive stress much more
favourable than one in poor health.
In our overall survey of H.E.C we found that (429) employees has choosen the option [A]
where as employees who selected option[B] is (291) and about (12) employees have
selected option[C]. This shows that H.E.C employees take stress in the positive way
which inhance their performance level. There is neglegible negative stress among the
employees. The stress condition comes only due to lackness of mantainence of
infrastructure of shop floor.
In the comparitive study of H.E.C among three units(HMBP,HMTP&FFP) shows that- in

office floor of HMBP employees follow [A] type of attitude which is more than HMTP
and FFP, that is a good sign for the unit.[B] type of attitude is modarate in HMTP &
HMBP. In shop floor of HMTP & FFP [A] type of attitude is more in FFP comparatively
to HMTP.[C] type attitude is negligible in all 3 units.
While interacting with employees of H.E.C I found that there is more enthusiasim for
their work. They all belive in team work that is why H.E.C is now in the boosting stage.
I found 2 drawbacks
1.old machinary equipments.
2.lackness of skilled manpower.
But H.E.C is planing to recover from this very soon. In spite of these problems they are handling
the work very well. Even thought there are old equipment they are getting the best out of that.
Co-operative environment is mantiained in H.E.C which is realy appraising. Drawbacks are
found every where in all the organization but even though there is silverlive behind that. In the
second questionnaire one of the question was “You have an important function at your home and
your boss asks to give a 4 hour over time what will be your response ‘Yes or No’?” the
employees have given their opinion as per their mood.
While considering the point of view of entertainment it depends upon
the mood of the employees. The entertainment is considered one of the most ultimate solutions to
reduce stress. Most of the employees do not spend regular time in entertainment. This may be
because they may not be getting time for entertainment or they may not be interested in the same.
Out of 60 employees 50 accepted that they feel stress and 10 don’t feel any stress. This 10
employees are at the age of retirement and are fully satisfied with their performance and their
social life is also in the balanced form.39 out of the remaining 50 are stressed due to work load
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while 11 feel stressed due to family problems. 36 out of 50 employees say they feel stress when
they get scolding from their boss. 34 out of 50 employees accept that they feel stress and they
themselves find the solution for it to come out of it. While they are at home they practice yoga
and morning walk to reduce their stress and other 16 employees say that they listen to the music
at home in this situation. In the work place they reduce stress by discussion and having cup of
tea.
All the above analysis is done by the data recived from the questionnaire. So the accuracy of
data depends upon the response of the employees.
There is a significance relationship between stress and demographic factor that is :-
1. Age
2. Experience
3. Designation.
3.5.Limitation of the survey
 The questionnaires
were filled be 60 employees working in the three units of HEC i.e.HMBP, HMTP, FFP. So the scope of
sample findings was very vast.
 The questionnaire was

filled by employees of different designations. So the point of view of employees differs as per their
designations.
 The responses of the

employees cannot be accurate as the problem of language and understanding arises. (These problems
are not in all cases.)
 One of the other

problems of questionnaire is the cost. Sometimes it may be possible that even by spending so much the
result may not be reasonable.
77
 Many a times the

employees may not be really conscious or may not be bothered about the questionnaire. This may create
a problem in the research.
 Shops of 3 units are

so vast that facing difficulty while filling questionnaire.
 On shop floor due to

language problem I can’t distribute questionnaire at every level of employees.
 Time was very

limited and I had cover whole plant of HEC including shop and office floor.
 On office floor due to

work load questionnaire were not filled accurately.
3.6. Advantages of Written Questionnaires
 Questionnaires are very cost effective when compared to face-to-face interviews.

This is especially true for studies involving large sample sizes and large geographic
areas. Written questionnaires become even more cost effective as the number of
research questions increases.
 Questionnaires are easy to analyze. Data entry and tabulation for nearly all
surveys can be easily done with many computer software packages.
 Questionnaires are familiar to most people. Nearly everyone has had some
experience completing questionnaires and they generally do not make people
apprehensive.
 Questionnaires reduce bias. There is uniform question presentation and no

middle-man bias. The researcher's own opinions will not influence the respondent
78
to answer questions in a certain manner. There are no verbal or visual clues to

influence the respondent.
 Questionnaires are less intrusive than telephone or face-to-face surveys. When a

respondent receives a questionnaire on the, he is free to complete the questionnaire
on his own time-table. Unlike other research methods, the respondent is not
interrupted by the research instrument.
3.6. Disadvantages of Written Questionnaires
 One major disadvantage of written questionnaires is the possibility of low

response rates. Low response is the curse of statistical analysis. It can
dramatically lower our confidence in the results. Response rates vary widely from
one questionnaire to another , however, well-designed studies consistently
produce high response rates.
 Another disadvantage of questionnaires is the inability to probe responses.

Questionnaires are structured instruments. They allow little flexibility to the
respondent with respect to response format. In essence, they often lose the "flavor
of the response" (i.e., respondents often want to qualify their answers). By
allowing frequent space for comments, the researcher can partially overcome this
disadvantage. Comments are among the most helpful of all the information on the
questionnaire, and they usually provide insightful information that would have
otherwise been lost.
 Nearly ninety percent of all communication is visual. Gestures and other visual
cues are not available with written questionnaires. The lack of personal contact
will have different effects depending on the type of information being requested.
A questionnaire requesting factual information will probably not be affected by
79
the lack of personal contact. A questionnaire probing sensitive issues or attitudes

may be severely affected.
 When returned questionnaires arrive on the table, it's natural to assume that the
respondent is the same person you sent the questionnaire to. This may not actually
be the case. Questionnaires get handed to other employees for completion.
Housewives sometimes respond for their husbands. Kids respond as a prank. For
a variety of reasons, the respondent may not be who i think it is. It is a
confounding error inherent in questionnaires.
 Finally, questionnaires are simply not suited for some people. For example, a
written survey to a group of poorly educated people might not work because of
reading skill problems. More frequently, people are turned off by written
questionnaires because of misuse.
3.7Findings
It is analyzed from the first questionnaire filled by the employees that the
Employees who have scored more in option (a) means:
They're a very active and reliable person. They address problems by either dealing with them
directly instead of letting things resolve themselves. It's most likely that their stress coping
mechanism is turning stress into positive stress (eustress) which allows benefiting from it while
dealing with it at the same time. They usually achieve this by distracting himself with a hobby or
resorting to some form of exercise. The combination of their sound mind and healthy body will
enable them to withstand a good degree of stress.
Who have scored option (b) means:
“They’re most likely a very relaxed, laid-back and logical individual. They take their time with
things, minimizing the chances of error on their part. It is also this very methodological approach
to things that allow them to root out most problems before they even become problems. Chances
are they rarely deal with problems, and when they do, it doesn't affect them as much as it
normally should, and they perform as though nothing happened. The only drawback to all these
traits is they are prone to becoming too passive. They run the risk of overlooking problems or
80
giving him too long a time to deal with things and thus they may find himself facing a problem
that they could have nipped at the bud.
Who have scored option(c) means.
That they reflect their relatively poor coping machanism. They are probably irritable and
always want things to go there way, which is never the case in life. They become
frastrated because of this and they endup putting unneccessary tentionn on them. Their
nature could also be attributed to life changing envent that may have happened recently.
It might be advisable to seek professional help and start changing the way they see the
problems which come to them. It would also be a good idea to start getting into shap as a
physically healthy person will resive stress much more favourable than one in poor
health.
In our overall survey of H.E.C we found that (429) employees has choosen the option [A]
where as employees who selected option[B] is (291) and about (12) employees have
selected option[C]. This shows that H.E.C employees take stress in the positive way
which inhance their performance level. There is neglegible negative stress among the
employees. The stress condition comes only due to lackness of mantainence of
infrastructure of shop floor.
In the comparitive study of H.E.C among three units(HMBP,HMTP&FFP) shows that- in

office floor of HMBP employees follow [A] type of attitude which is more than HMTP
and FFP, that is a good sign for the unit.[B] type of attitude is modarate in HMTP &
HMBP. In shop floor of HMTP & FFP [A] type of attitude is more in FFP comparatively
to HMTP.[C] type attitude is negligible in all 3 units.
While interacting with employees of H.E.C I found that there is more enthusiasim for
their work. They all belive in team work that is why H.E.C is now in the boosting stage.
I found 2 drawbacks
1.old machinary equipments.
2.lackness of skilled manpower.
But H.E.C is planing to recover from this very soon. In spite of these problems they are handling
the work very well. Even thought there are old equipment they are getting the best out of that.
Co-operative environment is mantiained in H.E.C which is realy appraising. Drawbacks are
found every where in all the organization but even though there is silverlive behind that. In the
second questionnaire one of the question was “You have an important function at your home and
your boss asks to give a 4 hour over time what will be your response ‘Yes or No’?” the
employees have given their opinion as per their mood.
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CONCLUSION:
The present study was conducted at HEC in Ranchi.

The aim was to find the stress levels and personality of the employees. This was done using a
detailed questionnaire. The study reveled that fall under low stress category only a small
percentage is highly stressed & needed prevailing in the organization to some extent.
At the end of the study, we can conclude that through there are signs of stress among the
employees & such stress is affecting their behaviors, it can be controlled & reduced effectively.
This can be done by giving counseling & incorporating the suggestions given here in at
individual & organization level. During our interview some may not give the correct answer but
looking to the output and the turnover I can say that it is once again in the stage of growth and
no one can deny this fact. In the HR point of view this plant need man-power and update of
equipment. Going through the canteen provision it is good and all the three canteen should be
give equal notation. Work in an organization is a team work and it is only possible by having
same mentality. This type of mentality is only possible by working with same age group and
moving according to boss.
4.BIBILIOGRAPHY
o Organizational Behavior “V.G. Kondalkar”
www.mindtool.com
o Organizational Behavior “ Stephen P. Robin”
o K Aswathappa Human Resources Management-Tata McGraw-Hill.2007
o Self analysis of questionnaire
o www.hecltd.com
o Factories Act 1948
o Bihar Factories Rules
o www.citihr.com
82
o Different Magazine and Journals
5.ANNEXTURE
OUESTIONNAIRE
83
BURNOUT QUESTIONAIRE:-
84
No Questions Yes No
1 Are you satisfied with the performance you give at your work?
2 Do you think that you are suffering from depression?
3 Do you worry about your colleague's opinion about you?
4 Do you discuss your problem with your spouse or friend or any other close to
you?
5 Do you work more than 8 hours?
6 You have an important function at your home and your boss asks to give a 4
hour over time, what will be your response?
7
Do you regularly spend time for entertainment?
8 Is your social life balanced?
9 Do you plan your work before doing?
10 Do you fear about the quality of your performance?
11 Do you get tensed at your non achievement of your target?
12 Do you feeling stress some times?
If the answer of the above question is Yes then answer the following:
a) Is the reason of your stress your work load?
b) Are you stressed because of your family problems?
c) Do you get stressed when your boss scolds You?
Do you try to find any solution for the problem of your stress?
d)
85
(IF YES) Do you practice yoga or any other ayurvedic therapy for reducing
e)
stress or you do morning walk daily?
When you are interrupted at an activity, do you response with anger?

13
14 When you are given an unexpectedly large project, do you get tense?
GENERAL QUESTIONAIRE:-
1. When forced to work overtime, how do you deal with it?
A: I start working on the things that need to be done. ( )
B: I think first, and then I take my time doing what I need to do.( )
C: Get annoyed and bored with work.( )
2. When you encounter a problem, you...
A: Take it as a challenge.( )
B: Think about what necessary steps to take to deal with it.( )
C: Blame others for the problem.( )
3. When you're given more work than you can deal with, you?
A: Redouble your efforts in order to make ends meet.( )
B: Trace a course of action and slowly but surely adapt to the pressure.( )
C: Complain about it.( )
4. You find work?
A: Engaging.( )
B: Amusing.( )
C: Difficult.( )
86
5. When something forces you to change your lifestyle, you?
A: Accept the changes.( )
B: Learn how to deal with the changes.( )
C: Complain about it.( )
6. How do you handle an excessive workload?
A: I prioritize my work and go ahead to meet my goals ( )
B: I slowly begin to tackle my work( )
C:I become frustrated and irritable( )
7. How do you handle problems?
A: I try my best to sort them out ( )
B: I enjoy the challenge that problems present ( )
C: I get angry and find someone to blame ( )
8. When you are stressed you feel?
A. Pain ( )
B. Anger ( )
C. Embarrassment ( )
D. Exhausted ( )
E. Headaches ( )
9. If there's a disagreement about work, I defer to other people's judgment and abilities.
A. Rarely ( )
B. Sometimes ( )
87
C. Most of the time ( )
10. If a project I am working on fails
A. I learn from the experience and move on to the next job ( )
B. I tend to brood over the failure for a long time ( )
C. I blame myself whether it was my fault or not ( )
11. I spend so long at work that my outside relationships are suffering.
A. Not at all ( )
B. Sometimes ( )
12. I'm so busy I find it increasingly difficult to concentrate on the job in front of me.
A. Rarely ( )
B. Sometimes ( )
13. I always get a good night's sleep without worrying about work
A. Most of the time ( )
B. Sometimes ( )
C. Rarely ( )
14. I feel tired during the day:
A. Very rarely ( )
B. Sometimes ( )

88

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1

PROJECT ON STRESS MANAGEMENT

In partial fulfillment for the award of the degree

MBA DEGREE COURSE

LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY,JALANDHAR

This is to certify that this project dissertation entitled “Stress

management” has been prepared by Joy Guria in partial

fulfillment of MBA Degree course in Human Resources at Lovely

This embodies the data collected and analyzed by the candidate

under the guidance of Miss Pryanka Chibber, Human Resources,

LPU, Jalandhar and hereby approved as indicating the proficiency

(Dept. of Personnel Management)

HR is the heart of an organization. HR managers are the creators of an organizational

Redesigning of work of organizational structure, regrouping, mergers have become the

No. Contents Page

3.4 Over all findings 74

• Steel Plant Equipment

It has a largest integrated engineering complex. It consists of three manufacturing units.

It is the largest foundry and forging complex in India and one

 THE HEAD OFFICE OF THREE PLANTS OF THE COMPANY:

 OFFICES OF THE COMPANY: In New Delhi and Kolkata.

 THE CAPITAL BASE OF THE COMPANY:

To be a major Heavy Engineering Company in India providing quality products and

• To acquire and maintain leading position as suppliers of quality equipment, spares,

To achieve technological excellence in operation by development of indigenous

1.3. ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE OF H.E.C

RK. SINHA I/C Ak SINGH(COT)

 Contribution to Space Research

 HEC wins “SCOPE Award for Excellence and Outstanding Contribution of

HEC bagged another prestigious award

HEC is one of the early establishments

1.5 . MAKING OF DREAMS:-

“I believe in the rapid industrialisation of the country,

• Introduction to Human resource

My research includes the research methodology which contains the information as

Human Resource Management is an art of managing people at work in such a

Human Resource Management is also a management function concerned with hiring,

Decisions relating to employees must be integrated. Decision on different aspect of

Decision made must influence the effectiveness of organization. Effectiveness of an

2.2 CONCEPT OF STRESS

Common lifestyle stressors include performance, threat, and

Good stress v/s Bad stress:

Athletes before a competition or perhaps a manager before a major presentation would do

Burnout: - Burnout is a troublesome outcome of stress .It is a state of mind resulting

Stress vs. Burnout

 The person is anxious The individual is hypertensive.

 The person is dissatisfied with The person is bored and

his or her job work.

 The person’s job commitment The individual’s job

Has dropped off. Nil.

 The person feels moody The individual feels impatient,

Unwilling to talk to others.

 The person feels guilty . The individual encounters

 The person is having difficult The individual forgetfulness is

In concentrating . more frequent.

 The person undergoes physiological The individual beings to

Changes such as increased blood psychosomatic complains.

Pressure and heartbeat.

• Work Estimation: Overwork is generally considered to be a major cause

• Personal Problems: Personal problems like unhappy married

Persons with a predisposition to burnout may be badly affected by problems unrelated to

• Organizational Productivity : When executive are not able to meet

A preventive measure includes diagnosis, prevention and treatment.