Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
DOI 10.1007/s10409-013-0075-5
RESEARCH PAPER
⎧
al. [16] improved that method, which give a convenient and ⎪
⎪ ω, ω ∈ [0, 1],
⎪
⎪
⎪
simple method for both goal-oriented error evaluation and ⎨
φ02,0 (ω) = ⎪
⎪ 2 − ω, ω ∈ [1, 2], (2)
adaptivity in analysis for FEM. Han et al. [17] proposed a ⎪
⎪
⎪
⎩
new wavelet-based FEM in structural mechanics by using 0, else.
the spline wavelets and developed the formulation in a sim-
j
ilar method of traditional displacement-based FEM. Xue et Then, scaling functions φm,k (ω) and the corresponding
al. [18] presented the method combining wavelet FEM with j
wavelets ψm,k (ω) of j scale m-th order BSWI can be given by
fracture mechanics in order to solve the problem of the sin-
gularity near the cracked tip and obtained the element stiff- j
φm,k (ω) =
ness matrixes of the wavelet beam element and the crack el-
ement. Fu et al. [19] presented a new mutil-axial fatigue ⎧ 1
damage parameter through analyzing the varying behaviour ⎪
⎪
⎪ φm,k (2 j−1 ω),
⎪
⎪
⎪
of the energy on the critical plan. In this method, the non- ⎪
⎪
⎪ k = −m + 1, −m, · · · , −1,
⎪
⎪
⎪
proportional scale describing the grade of additional hard- ⎪
⎪
⎪
⎪
⎪
⎪ 0 boundary scaling functions,
ening is used as a friction coefficient. Chen et al. [20] ⎪
⎪
⎪
⎪
⎪
constructed the two-dimensional wavelet FEM and used the ⎪
⎪
⎪ φ1m,2 j −m−k (1 − 2 j−1 ω),
⎪
⎪
⎪
scaling functions based on Daubechies wavelets, which is ⎨
for trial functions. Basu et al. [21] studied the higher- ⎪
⎪ k = 2 j − m + 1, 2 j − m, · · · , 2 j − 1, (3)
⎪
⎪
⎪
order modeling schemes for the continua based on wavelet ⎪
⎪
⎪
⎪
⎪ 1 boundary scaling functions,
method. Dahmen [22] analyzed recent changes of wavelet ⎪
⎪
⎪
⎪
⎪
schemes for the calculation of operator equations focusing ⎪
⎪
⎪ φm,0 (2 j−1 ω − 2−1 k),
1
⎪
⎪
⎪
on these problems, which can be described as adaptive solu- ⎪
⎪
⎪ k = 0, 1, · · · , 2 j − m,
⎪
⎪
⎪
tion concepts and nontrivial domain geometries. Canuto et ⎪
⎪
⎩ inner scaling functions,
al. [23, 24] studied adapted biorthogonal wavelet systems on
the interval in order to construct wavelet bases using tensor
products of these functions. In practical engineering, the tra- j
ψm,k (ω) =
ditional elements with 4 nodes are usually used in structure.
It needs a method to improve accuracy in the region that we ⎧ 1
⎪
⎪
⎪ ψm,k (2 j−1 ω),
are interested in, but not to change mesh of other region. And ⎪
⎪
⎪
⎪
⎪
FEM of BSWI has not yet been applied to connect the differ- ⎪
⎪
⎪ k = −m + 1, −m, · · · , −1,
⎪
⎪
⎪
ent scale elements to make multi-scale and dynamic analysis ⎪
⎪
⎪
⎪ 0 boundary scaling functions,
for structure. Thus, we try to do some work in this field. ⎪
⎪
⎪
⎪
⎪
⎪
⎪
⎪ ψm,2 j −2m−k+1 (1 − 2 j−1 ω),
1
In the paper, a new FEM of BSWI is proposed. The ⎪
⎪
⎪
⎨
proposed elements (7 nodes and 10 nodes finite element) can ⎪
⎪ k = 2 j − 2m + 2, 2 j − 2m, · · · , 2 j − m, (4)
be used to replace the traditional elements with 4 nodes in ⎪
⎪
⎪
⎪
⎪
⎪
the same number of elements. The proposed elements can ⎪
⎪ 1 boundary scaling functions,
⎪
⎪
⎪
improve accuracy in the region that we are interested in, but ⎪
⎪
⎪
⎪
⎪ ψ1m,0 (2 j−1 ω − 2−1 k),
not to change mesh of other region. And some numerical ⎪
⎪
⎪
⎪
⎪
⎪ k = 0, 1, · · · , 2 j − 2m + 1,
experiments are taken to study the precision of the proposed ⎪
⎪
⎪
⎪
⎪
⎩ inner scaling functions.
elements.
2 The construction of 2D finite element models of BSWI The scaling and wavelet functions can be calculated
through Eqs. (3) and (4). Generally, there are m−1 boundary
2.1 The scaling functions of BSWI scaling functions and wavelets at 0 and 1. Otherwise, there
are 2 j − m + 1 inner scaling functions. Moreover, there are
B-spline functions (BSF), which have some knots, can be 2 j − 2m + 2 inner wavelets. Thus, 2 scale 2nd order BSF can
proposed by the steps in order to get a certain order of overall be given by
smoothness, which are using piecewise polynomials between ⎧
the knots and joining them together at the knots. 0 scale m-th ⎪
⎨ 1 − 4ω,
⎪ ω ∈ [0, 0.25],
φ22,−1 (ω) =⎪
⎪ (5)
order BSF and the corresponding wavelets are proposed by ⎩ 0, else,
Goswami et al. [25]. And 0 scale 2nd order BSF ( j = 0,
m = 2) are expressed as ⎧
⎪
⎪ 4ω, ω ∈ [0, 0.25],
⎪
⎪
⎪
⎧ ⎨
⎪
⎨ 1 − ω, ω ∈ [0, 1],
⎪ φ22,0 (ω) = ⎪ 2 − 4ω, ω ∈ [0.25, 0.5], (6)
0 ⎪
⎪
⎪
φ2,−1 (ω) = ⎪
⎪ (1) ⎪
⎩ 0,
⎩ 0, else, else,