SPM Biology/Transport/B1/KongSK

Composition of Human Blood

___(1)___ is composed of water (about 90%), proteins (about 7%), salts, and a variety of
materials being transported, such as dissolved gases, nutrients, wastes and hormones. It
contains several kinds of plasma proteins, for example, ___(2)___ which involves in clotting
process. Erythrocytes, also called red blood cells (RBC), are highly specialised for
transporting oxygen. In mammals, ___(3)___ is ejected from erythrocyte as the cell develops
into a shape known as ___(4)___ disc to provide a large ___(5)___, allowing efficient
diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide into and out of the cell. In an adult human, about 30
trillion RBCs circulate in the blood, approximately 5 million per µL. ___(6)___ is a
deficiency in haemoglobin which is often accompanied by a decrease in the number of RBCs.

One of the leucocytes, ___(7)___ have large granules that stain bright red with
Leishman’s stain. They increase in number during allergic reactions and during parasitic
(e.g., tapeworm) infestations. ___(8)___ lack large, distinctive granules and their nuclei are
rounded or kidney-shaped. ___(9)___ are the larges leucocytes, which are able to enlarge
greatly and becomes a macrophage to engulf bacteria, dead cells or debris. ___(10)___ is a
form of cancer in which any one of the various kinds of leucocytes multiplies rapidly within
bone marrow.

Answer:

1 plasma 6 anaemia

2 fibrinogen 7 Eosinophils

3 nucleus 8 agranulocytes/ agranular leucocytes

4 biconcave 9 monocytes

5 total surface area to volume ratio 10 Leukemia

 SPM Biology/Transport/B1/KongSK

Composition of Human Blood

___(1)___ is composed of water (about 90%), proteins (about 7%), salts, and a variety of
materials being transported, such as dissolved gases, nutrients, wastes and hormones. It
contains several kinds of plasma proteins, for example, ___(2)___ which involves in clotting
process. Erythrocytes, also called red blood cells (RBC), are highly specialised for
transporting oxygen. In mammals, ___(3)___ is ejected from erythrocyte as the cell develops
into a shape known as ___(4)___ disc to provide a large ___(5)___, allowing efficient
diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide into and out of the cell. In an adult human, about 30
trillion RBCs circulate in the blood, approximately 5 million per µL. ___(6)___ is a
deficiency in haemoglobin which is often accompanied by a decrease in the number of RBCs.

One of the leucocytes, ___(7)___ have large granules that stain bright red with
Leishman’s stain. They increase in number during allergic reactions and during parasitic
(e.g., tapeworm) infestations. ___(8)___ lack large, distinctive granules and their nuclei are
rounded or kidney-shaped. ___(9)___ are the larges leucocytes, which are able to enlarge
greatly and becomes a macrophage to engulf bacteria, dead cells or debris. ___(10)___ is a
form of cancer in which any one of the various kinds of leucocytes multiplies rapidly within
bone marrow.

Answer:

1 6

2 7

3 8

4 9

5 10