Image processing to reduce the appearance of lateral

chromatic aberration[edit]
In some circumstances, it is possible to correct some of the effects of chromatic aberration in digital
post-processing. However, in real-world circumstances, chromatic aberration results in permanent
loss of some image detail. Detailed knowledge of the optical system used to produce the image can
allow for some useful correction.[13] In an ideal situation, post-processing to remove or correct lateral
chromatic aberration would involve scaling the fringed color channels, or subtracting some of a
scaled versions of the fringed channels, so that all channels spatially overlap each other correctly in
the final image.[14]
As chromatic aberration is complex (due to its relationship to focal length, etc.) some camera
manufacturers employ lens-specific chromatic aberration appearance minimization techniques.
Almost every major camera manufacturer enables some form of chromatic aberration correction,
both in-camera and via their proprietary software. Third party software tools such as PTLens are
also capable of performing complex chromatic aberration appearance minimization with their large
database of cameras and lens.
In reality, even a theoretically perfect post-processing based chromatic aberration reduction-
removal-correction systems do not increase image detail as a lens that is optically well corrected for
chromatic aberration would for the following reasons:

 Rescaling is only applicable to lateral chromatic aberration but there is also longitudinal
chromatic aberration
 Rescaling individual color channels result in a loss of resolution from the original image
 Most camera sensors only capture a few and discrete (e.g., RGB) color channels but chromatic
aberration is not discrete and occurs across the light spectrum
 The dyes used in the digital camera sensors for capturing color are not very efficient so cross-
channel color contamination is unavoidable and causes, for example, the chromatic aberration in
the red channel to also be blended into the green channel along with any green chromatic
aberration.
The above are closely related to the specific scene that is captured so no amount of programming
and knowledge of the capturing equipment (e.g., camera and lens data) can overcome these
limitations.

Photography[edit]
The term "purple fringing" is commonly used in photography, although not all purple fringing can be
attributed to chromatic aberration. Similar colored fringing around highlights may also be caused
by lens flare. Colored fringing around highlights or dark regions may be due to the receptors for
different colors having differing dynamic range or sensitivity – therefore preserving detail in one or
two color channels, while "blowing out" or failing to register, in the other channel or channels. On
digital cameras, the particular demosaicingalgorithm is likely to affect the apparent degree of this
problem. Another cause of this fringing is chromatic aberration in the very small microlenses used to
collect more light for each CCD pixel; since these lenses are tuned to correctly focus green light, the
incorrect focusing of red and blue results in purple fringing around highlights. This is a uniform
problem across the frame, and is more of a problem in CCDs with a very small pixel pitch such as
those used in compact cameras. Some cameras, such as the Panasonic Lumix series and
newer Nikon and Sony DSLRs, feature a processing step specifically designed to remove it.
 On photographs taken using a digital camera, very small highlights may frequently appear to have
chromatic aberration where in fact the effect is because the highlight image is too small to stimulate
all three color pixels, and so is recorded with an incorrect color. This may not occur with all types of
digital camera sensor. Again, the de-mosaicing algorithm may affect the apparent degree of the
problem.
 Color shifting through corner of eyeglasses.

Severe purple fringing can be seen at the edges of the horse's forelock, mane, and ear.

This photo taken with the lens aperture wide open resulting in a narrow depth-of-field and strong axial
CA. The pendant has purple fringing in the near out-of-focus area and green fringing in the distance.
Taken with a Nikon D7000 camera and an AF-S Nikkor 50mm f/1.8G lens.

Severe chromatic aberration

Black-and-white photography[edit]
Chromatic aberration also affects black-and-white photography. Although there are no colors in the
photograph, chromatic aberration will blur the image. It can be reduced by using a narrow-band color
filter, or by converting a single color channel to black and white. This will, however, require longer
exposure (and change the resulting image). (This is only true with panchromatic black-and-white
film, since orthochromatic film is already sensitive to only a limited spectrum.)

Electron microscopy[edit]
Chromatic aberration also affects electron microscopy, although instead of different colors having
different focal points, different electron energies may have different focal points.[15]

See also[edit]
 Aberration in optical systems
 Achromatic lens – A fix for chromatic aberration
 Achromatic telescope
 Apochromatic lens
 Cooke triplet
 Superachromat
 Chromostereopsis – Stereo visual effects due to chromatic aberration
 Theory of Colours

References[edit]
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