How to Read & Analysis Fare Sheets for New Recruits

Step 1:
Define the airline operating carrier (example: GA, CX, CI, SQ, KE, etc)
Airline operating carrier is the owner of an airline industry.

Airline home base is the head office country.

Airline hub is a city in which an airline has major operations and many gates.
For example, GA has Home Base (Head Office) in Indonesia and Hub is JKT.

Airlines Home Base Country Hub City

CX (Cathay Pacific) Hong Kong Hong Kong (HKG)
CI (China Airlines) Taiwan Taipei (TPE)
BA (British Airways) United Kingdom London (LON)
SQ (Singapore Airlines) Singapore Singapore (SIN)
GA (Garuda Indonesia) Indonesia Jakarta (JKT)
TG (Thai Airways) Thailand Bangkok (BKK)

Sample 1:

Sample 2:
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Step 2:
- Sales/ticketing date.
Sales date: to define period of selling date
Ticketing date: to define period of issue ticket.

- Outbound travel period.

Validity of departures date from..(period departure date)

Sample 1:

Sample 2:

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Step 3:
Origin/Destination

Origin: starting place of the journey

Destination: stopping place of the journey

Example: Origin SYD, Destination CAN/CGQ/CKG/CTU etc

City codes: three-letter codes used to uniquely identify cities (example: JKT, SIN, HKG, etc)
Airport: any facility specially designed to accommodate the landing and taking off of aircraft.
Airport codes: three-letter codes used to uniquely identify all airports (example: ICN, PVG, EWR,
JFK, etc)

Note: always using city code instead of airport code.

Sample 1:

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Sample 2:

Step 4:
- Cabin: to place each passenger in different classes.
 First Class
 Business Class
 Economy Class

- Booking class/booking code: to differentiate the class from lower fare to higher fare in
the ticket.

- Fare Basis: the fare basis is the code that appears on the ticket in the Fare Basis box. It
can include letters and numbers. Fare basis defines the fare in short. For example
BHWRT6M – B class, High season, Weekend, Round Trip, Fare valid for 6 Months max
stay.
 L: Low Season - The time of year when travel to a destination is at its lowest and
prices decline. (example: KLEE3M)
 K: Shoulder Season - Season that falls between the high season and low season and
offers fares and rates between those of the other seasons. (example: KKEE3M)
 H: High Season - The season of the year when travel to an area peaks and rates are at
their highest. (example: KHEE3M)
- Roundtrip/One way (RT/OW)
RT: return journey (JKT-SIN-JKT)
OW: one way journey (JKT-SIN)
- Tour code: to differentiate a fare with other fares or promotional fare (depend on airline
code)
- Nett Fare: the charge for a passenger to fly from origin to destination.
- Currency: currency of the country that issuing the ticket.

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Step 5:
Routing: restrictions on travel routes and defined by routing maps.

Non-stop flight: a service of transportation on the same flight number without any intermediate
stops.

Direct flight: any flight between two places that carries a single flight number. Unlike a nonstop,
a direct flight will make one or more stops between the two places. The passenger may have to
change planes or even change airlines. This is a change in meaning.
Example: OZ carriers
Routings: SYD-SEL-SYD
BNE-QF-SYD-OZ-SEL-OZ-SYD-QF-BNE

Note: always using city code instead of airport code.

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Step 6:

Rule Conditions:

IATA (International Air Transport Association) is the ultimate governing authority for the air
travel. IATA publishes PAT (Passenger Air Tariff) book every 3 months. All rules regulations;
statistical data pertaining to air fare calculation is mentioned in this book. As per this book when
loading the air fares in the system, the fare loader needs to consider the following categories.

Category 1 (Eligibility): who is eligible to use the fare mentioned in the fare sheet? Is this a
corporate fare? Is there any corporate code for this? Is this a youth fare? If yes, is there any age
restriction on this fare? The fare loader needs to check these things along with the below
mentioned categories.

Category 2 (Day/Time): to define times and/or days when travel is permitted. For example, you
can designate that a fare is only valid Monday through Thursday or Friday through Sunday. The
day/time information applies to origins of trips scheduled to depart during that time period.

Category 3 (Seasonality): to determine period of seasonality

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Category 4 (Flight Application): specify information regarding the use of a fare on specific flight
numbers, types of service (such as non-stop and multi-stop), and geographic locations. You can
specify positive, negative, or conditional application of the information.

Sample 1:

Sample 2:

Category 5 (Advance Reservation/Ticketing): to define reservations and/or ticketing

requirements applicable to a fare for the original ticket issue. You can also indicate which
sectors of travel, if any, must be confirmed prior to ticketing.

Category 6 (Minimum Stay): to specify the minimum length of time passengers must stay at
their destination before travel can commence. For example, you can specify that a passenger
must stay for at least three days before returning from their destination. This rule also indicates
the points to be used in calculating the minimum stay.

Category 7 (Maximum Stay): to indicate the maximum length of time passengers can stay at the
destination before returning. For example, you can specify that passengers must start their
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return travel 30 days after they arrived. When you include this rule in a fare, the rule will always
specify whether the maximum stay applies to travel commencement from point of return or
travel completion.

Category 8 (Stopover): this rule defines the conditions under which stopovers are permitted
and the applicable charges.

Category 9 (Transfer): this rule defines the conditions or restrictions under which transfers can
occur, and the applicable carriers and locations associated with these transfers.

Category 10 (Combinations): to determine how your round open jaw, round trips, circle trip,
and end on end components will be applied and priced.

Open jaw: an open-jaw ticket is an airline ticket in which a traveler depart from a city other
than the one in which they arrived, or in which the final destination is not the same as the
original departure city. The trip between these two cities is then made over land, sea or with a
separately booked flight.

Circle trips: Travel from point A to point B and return to point A using two fare components only.
At least one fare component must be priced using half of a round-trip fare.

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Category 11 (Blackout): to define single dates or date ranges where travel is not permitted.
Blackout rules determine time frames when fares are not valid, such as during holidays or peak
periods.

Sample1:

Sample 2:

Category 12 (Surcharges): this rule defines the conditions under which surcharges are
applicable and the corresponding charge.

Sample 1:

Sample 2:
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Category 13 (Accompanied Travel): to define restrictions for passengers that are traveling with
another passenger. For example, you can specify that a passenger traveling with this fare must
be an adult or that the maximum number of accompanying passengers is two.

Category 14 (Travel Restrictions): to define departure date

Category 15 (Sales Restrictions): to define sales restrictions.

Category 16 (Penalties): to specify if penalties are applicable for a fare and the charges that will
be assessed also to specify under what conditions re-routings can occur or tickets can be
reissued.

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Category 18 (Endorsement Box): this rule indicates ticket endorsement text and the location on
the ticket for the endorsement.

Category 19 (Discounts): to specify the discounts that are available for specific circumstances.
For example, infants traveling with an adult can receive a discount or children under 12 can
receive a discount. You use this type or rule most often to calculate discount fares for children.

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