NPTEL ONLINE CERTIFICATION

ENGINEERING THERMODYNAMICS
January – April 2019

Assignment W-2
Conservation of mass, 1st Law

(v1)

S. R. Kale
School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Ahmedabad University
Department of Mechanical Engineering, I.I.T. Delhi

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NOC(Nov2018) Engg. Thermo. /Assgn W-2/(v1)

2A-1 A reservoir is being filled with air at the rate of 0.5 kg/s at the same time air is
being drawn from the reservoir at the rate of 0.4 kg/s. Initially, the mass of the
air inside the reservoir is 10 kg.
(i) What is the rate of change of mass in the reservoir?
(ii) What is the time required for the mass inside the reservoir to be 10.5 kg?

2A-2 A 1000 mAh battery is supplying power at a rate of 0.5 W. What is the rate of
change of internal energy of the battery?

2A-3 Flour, salt and water are placed in a rigid vessel that is adiabatic. A paddle
wheel then turns and mixes the ingredients. The internal energy of the contents
are the start of the process is 1100 kJ. After a certain time the paddle wheel
stops by which time it has delivered 300 kJ of work. Determine the final internal
energy of the contents.

2A-4 A cup of tea cools from temperature T1 to temperature T2. During this process
the internal energy change of the tea is 5 kJ. Calculate the heat and work for
this cooling process.

2A-5 Water (flow rate 10 kg/s) and steam (flow rate 2 kg/s) are fed into a tank to
produce hot water which is pumped out. Some steam leaks out at the rate of
0.2 kg/s. If the level in the tank is to be maintained constant, what should be the
pumping rate? Make a clear sketch, show system boundary and then solve the
governing equation.

2A-6 A rigid vessel has an electric heater inside it. It contains a fluid whose internal
energy is 50 kJ. The heater is operated at 500 W power for 2 minutes. During
this time 5 kJ of heat is transferred from the vessel to the surroundings. What
is the final internal energy of the fluid?

2A-7 A balloon is inflated from an initial volume of 5 liters to a volume of 5.1 liters.
The initial pressure was 50 mm of water column and during the process, it
essentially remains constant. Ambient pressure is 750 mm Hg. How much is
the work done by the air inside the balloon on the balloon material. What will be
the work done by the balloon external surface on the surrounding air?

2A-8 A plastic sachet contains M kg of a phase change material (PCM). At some

instant it is in state 1, and in this state it the entire PCM is in a solid phase and
its mass is 𝑚1𝑆 . The sachet is heated and it attains state 2 where the mass of
the solid phase decreases to 𝑚2𝑆 and the balance has melted to liquid phase.
In state 2 the specific internal energy of the solid phase is 𝑢2𝑆 and that of liquid
phase is 𝑢2𝐿 . The sachet volume does not change during this process. Express
the heat transfer to the sachet in terms of the above quantities.

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NOC(Nov2018) Engg. Thermo. /Assgn W-2/(v1)

2A-9 A cylinder-piston arrangement shown below encloses a fluid. The cylinder and
piston have a leak-proof mating and there is no friction between them.
Surrounding air pressure is 50 kPa. The inside diameter of the cylinder is D mm
and piston mass is M kg. In the initial state, state 1, the length 𝐿 = 𝐿1 𝑚. The
substance is heated and the piston rises to just touch the stops; this is state 2,
and the length 𝐿 = 𝐿2 𝑚. The substance is further heated such that it attains
state 3 where the internal energy is double that of the internal energy at state
2. Write expressions for heat and work for each of the processes (a) 1  2, and
(b) 2  3.

STOP

SURROUNDING
AIR
PISTON

Figure for problem 2A-9. Cylinder-piston arrangement.

2A-10 In an excavator, hydraulic cylinder oil is pumped into a cylinder at a constant

400 bar pressure to excavate the soil. The piston diameter is 40 mm, and it
moves a distance of 500 mm. The frictional force between the piston and
cylinder walls is 2 kN.
(a) Calculate the force exerted by the oil on the piston.
(b) Calculate the work done by oil on the piston.
(c) What is the work done by the piston for excavating the soil?

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