Tabla de Integrales

17 TABLES of SPECIAL INDEFINITE
INTEGRALS
Here we provide tables of special indefinite integrals. As stated in the remarks on page 67, here a, b, p, q, n
are constants, restricted if indicated; e = 2.71828 . . . is the natural base of logarithms; ln u denotes the natural
logarithm of u, where it is assumed that u > 0 (in general, to extend formulas to cases where u < 0 as well, replace
ln u by ln |u|); all angles are in radians; and all constants of integration are omitted but implied. It is assumed in
all cases that division by zero is excluded.
Our integrals are divided into types which involve the following algebraic expressions and functions:
(1) ax + b (13) ax 2 + bx + c (25) eax
(2) ax + b (14) x3 + a3 (26) ln x
(3) ax + b and px + q (15) x 4 ± a4 (27) sinh ax
(4) ax + b and px + q (16) x n ± an (28) cosh ax
(5) ax + b and px + q (17) sin ax (29) sinh ax and cosh ax
(6) x2 + a2 (18) cos ax (30) tanh ax
(7) x2 – a2, with x2 > a2 (19) sin ax and cos ax (31) coth ax
(8) a2 – x2, with x2 < a2 (20) tan ax (32) sech ax
(9) x 2 + a2 (21) cot ax (33) csch ax
(10) x 2 − a2 (22) sec ax (34) inverse hyperbolic functions
(11) a2 − x 2 (23) csc ax
(12) ax2 + bx + c (24) inverse trigonometric functions
Some integrals contain the Bernouilli numbers Bn and the Euler numbers En defined in Chapter 23.
(1) Integrals Involving ax ⴙ b

dx 1
17.1.1. ∫ ax + b = a ln (ax + b)
x dx x b
17.1.2. ∫ ax + b = a − a 2 ln (ax + b)
x 2dx (ax + b)2 2b(ax + b) b 2

17.1.3. ∫ ax + b =
2a 3
−
a3
+ 3 ln (ax + b)
a
dx 1 ⎛ x ⎞
17.1.4. ∫ x (ax + b) = b ln ⎜⎝ ax + b⎟⎠
dx 1 a ⎛ ax + b⎞
17.1.5. ∫x 2
(ax + b)
=− + ln
bx b 2 ⎜⎝ x ⎟⎠
dx −1
17.1.6. ∫ (ax + b) =
a(ax + b)
2
x dx b 1
17.1.7. ∫ (ax + b)2 = a 2 (ax + b) + a 2 ln (ax + b)
x 2 dx ax + b b2 2b
17.1.8. ∫ (ax + b) 2 =
a 3 − 3 −
a (ax + b) a 3
ln (ax + b)
dx 1 1 ⎛ x ⎞
17.1.9. ∫ x (ax + b) 2 = + ln
b(ax + b) b 2 ⎜⎝ ax + b⎟⎠
71
72 TABLES OF SPECIAL INDEFINITE INTEGRALS
dx −a 1 2a ⎛ ax + b⎞
17.1.10. ∫x 2
(ax + b) 2 = − 2 + 3 ln ⎜
b (ax + b) b x b
2
⎝ x ⎟⎠
dx −1
17.1.11. ∫ (ax + b) 3 =
2(ax + b)2
x dx −1 b
17.1.12. ∫ (ax + b) 3 = +
a 2 (ax + b) 2a 2 (ax + b)2
x 2 dx 2b b2 1
17.1.13. ∫ (ax + b) 3 = − 3 + ln (ax + b)
a (ax + b) 2a (ax + b)2 a 3
3
(ax + b)n+1
17.1.14. ∫ (ax + b) n
dx =
(n + 1)a
. If n = −1, see 17.1.1.
(ax + b)n+ 2 b(ax + b)n+1

17.1.15. ∫ x (ax + b) dx = n
(n + 2)a 2
−
(n + 1))a 2
, n ≠ −1, − 2
If n = –1, –2, see 17.1.2 and 17.1.7.
(ax + b)n+3 2b(ax + b)n+ 2 b 2 (ax + b)n+1

17.1.16. ∫x 2
(ax + b)n dx =
(n + 3)a 3
−
(n + 2)a 3
+
(n + 1)a 3
If n = –1, –2, –3, see 17.1.3, 17.1.8, and 17.1.13.
⎧ x m +1 (ax + b)n nb
⎪ m + n + 1 + m + n + 1 ∫ x (ax + b) dx
m n −1
⎪⎪ x m (ax + b)n+1 mb
17.1.17. ∫ x m
( ax + b ) n
dx = ⎨ (m + n + 1)a − (m + n + 1)a ∫ x (ax + b) dx
m −1 n
⎪ m +1
⎪− x (ax + b) + m + n + 2 x m (ax + b)n+1 dx
n +1
⎪⎩ (n + 1)b (n + 1)b ∫
(2) Integrals Involving ax ⴙ b

dx 2 ax + b
17.2.1. ∫ ax + b
=
a
x dx 2(ax − 2b)
17.2.2. ∫ ax + b
=
3a 2
ax + b
x 2 dx 2(3a 2 x 2 − 4 abx + 8b 2 )
17.2.3. ∫ ax + b
=
15a 3
ax + b
⎧ 1 ⎛ ax + b − b ⎞
⎪ ln ⎜ ⎟
dx ⎪ b ⎝ ax + b + b ⎠
17.2.4. ∫ =⎨
x ax + b ⎪ 2 ax + b
⎪ tan −1
⎩ −b −b
dx ax + b a dx
17.2.5. ∫x 2
ax + b
=−
bx
−
2b ∫x ax + b
(see 17.2.12.)
2 (ax + b)3
17.2.6. ∫ ax + b dx =
3a
2(3ax − 2b)
17.2.7. ∫x ax + b dx =
15a 2
(ax + b)3
TABLES OF SPECIAL INDEFINITE INTEGRALS 73
2(15a 2 x 2 − 12abx + 8b 2 )
17.2.8. ∫x 2
ax + b dx =
105a 3
(ax + b)3
ax + b dx
17.2.9. ∫ x
dx = 2 ax + b + b ∫x ax + b
(See 17.2.12.)
ax + b ax + b a dx
17.2.10. ∫ x 2
dx = −
x
+
2 ∫x ax + b
(See 17.2.12.)
xm 2 x m ax + b 2mb x m −1
17.2.11. ∫ ax + b
dx =
( 2 m + 1) a
−
( 2 m + 1)a ∫ ax + b
dx
dx ax + b (2m − 3)a dx
17.2.12. ∫x m
ax + b
=−
(m − 1)bx m −1 −
( 2m − 2)b ∫x m −1
ax + b
2x m 2mb
17.2.13. ∫x m
ax + b dx =
(2m + 3)a
(ax + b)3/ 2 −
(2m + 3)a ∫x m −1
ax + b dx
ax + b ax + b a dx
17.2.14. ∫ xm
dx = − +
(m − 1) x m −1 2(m − 1) ∫x m −1
ax + b
ax + b −(ax + b)3/ 2 (2m − 5)a ax + b

17.2.15. ∫ x m dx = −
(m − 1)bx m −1 (2m − 2)b ∫ x m −1
dx
2(ax + b)( m + 2)/ 2

17.2.16. ∫ (ax + b)m / 2 dx = a 2 (m + 2)
2(ax + b)( m + 4 )/ 2 2b(ax + b)( m + 2)/ 2

17.2.17. ∫ x (ax + b)m / 2 dx = a 2 (m + 4)
−
a 2 (m + 2)
2(ax + b)( m +6)/ 2 4 b(ax + b)( m + 4 )/ 2 2b 2 (ax + b)( m + 2)/ 2

17.2.18. ∫x 2
(ax + b)m / 2 dx =
a 3 (m + 6)
−
a 3 (m + 4)
+
a 3 (m + 2)
(ax + b)m / 2 2(ax + b)m / 2 (ax + b)( m − 2)/ 2

17.2.19. ∫ x dx =
m
+b ∫ x
dx
(ax + b)m / 2 (ax + b)( m + 2)/ 2 ma (ax + b)m / 2

17.2.20. ∫ x 2 dx = −
bx
+
2b ∫ x dx
dx 2 1 dx
17.2.21. ∫ x (ax + b) m/2 = +
(m − 2)b(ax + b)( m − 2)/ 2 b ∫ x(ax + b) ( m − 2 )/ 2
(3) Integrals Involving ax ⴙ b and px ⴙ q

dx 1 ⎛ px + q⎞
17.3.1. ∫ (ax + b)( px + q) = bp − aq ln ⎜⎝ ax + b ⎟⎠
x dx 1 ⎧b q ⎫
17.3.2. ∫ (ax + b)( px + q) = bp − aq ⎨⎩a ln (ax + b) − p ln ( px + q)⎬⎭
dx 1 ⎧ 1 p ⎛ px + q⎞ ⎫
17.3.3. ∫ (ax + b) ( px + q) = bp − aq ⎨⎩ax + b + bp − aq ln ⎜⎝ ax + b ⎟⎠ ⎬⎭
2
x dx 1 ⎧ q ⎛ ax + b ⎞ b ⎫
17.3.4. ∫ (ax + b) ( px + q) = bp − aq ⎨⎩bp − aq ln ⎜⎝ px + q⎟⎠ − a(ax + b) ⎬⎭
2
x 2 dx b2 1 ⎧q2 b(bp − 2aq) ⎫

17.3.5. ∫ (ax + b) ( px + q) = (bp − aq)a (ax + b) + (bp − aq)
2 2 2 ⎨ ln ( px + q) +
⎩ p a 2
ln (ax + b)⎬
⎭
17.3.6. ∫ (ax + b)
dx
m =
−1
{
1
( px + q)n (n − 1)(bp − aq) (ax + b)m −1 ( px + q)n−1
+ a(m + n − 2) ∫ (ax + b)
dx
( px + q)n−1
m }
ax + b ax bp − aq
17.3.7. ∫ px + q dx = p
+
p2
ln( px + q)
⎧ −1 ⎧(ax + b)m +1 (ax + b)m ⎫

⎪ ⎨ + ( n − m − 2) a ∫ dx⎬
⎪(n − 1)(bp − aq) ⎩ ( px + q) ( px + q)
n −1 n −1
⎭
(ax + b) m ⎪ −1 ⎧ (ax + b) m
(ax + b) m −1
⎫
17.3.8. ∫ ( px + q)n dx = ⎨(n − m − 1) p ⎨⎩( px + q)n−1 + m(bp − aq) ∫ ( px + q)n dx⎬⎭
⎪
⎪ −1 ⎧ (ax + b)m (ax + b)m −1 ⎫
⎪ ⎨ − m a ∫ dx⎬
⎩(n − 1) p ⎩( px + q) ( px + q)n −1 ⎭
n −1
(4) Integrals Involving ax ⴙ b and px ⴙ q

px + q 2(apx + 3aq − 2bp)
17.4.1. ∫ ax + b
dx =
3a 2
ax + b
⎧ 1 ⎛ p(ax + b) − bp − aq ⎞
⎪ ln ⎜ ⎟
dx ⎪ bp − aq p ⎝ p(ax + b) + bp − aq ⎠
17.4.2. ∫ ( px + q) ax + b ⎨
=
p(ax + b)
⎪ 2
⎪ tan −1
aq − bp
⎩ aq − bp p
⎧ 2 ax + b bp − aq ⎛ p(ax + b) − bp − aq ⎞
⎪ + ln ⎜ ⎟
ax + b ⎪ p p p ⎝ p(ax + b) + bp − aq ⎠
17.4.3. ∫ px + q
dx = ⎨
⎪ 2 ax + b 2 aq − bp p(ax + b)
⎪ − tan −1
p p p aq − bp
⎩
2( px + q)n+1 ax + b bp − aq ( px + q)n
17.4.4. ∫ ( px + q)n ax + b dx = (2n + 3) p
+
(2n + 3) p ∫ ax + b
dx ax + b (2n − 3)a dx
17.4.5. ∫ ( px + q) n
ax + b
=
(n − 1)(aq − bp)( px + q) n −1 +
2( n − 1)(aq − bp) ∫ ( px + q) n −1
ax + b
( px + q)n 2( px + q)n ax + b 2n(aq − bp) ( px + q)n−1 dx

17.4.6. ∫ ax + b dx =
(2n + 1)a
+
(2n + 1)a ∫ ax + b
ax + b − ax + b a dx
17.4.7. ∫ ( px + q) n dx = +
(n − 1) p( px + q)n−1 2(n − 1) p ∫ ( px + q) n −1
ax + b
(5) Integrals Involving ax ⴙ b and px + q

⎧
⎪
2
ln ( a( px + q ) + p(ax + b) )
dx ⎪ ap
17.5.1. ∫ =⎨
(ax + b)( px + q) ⎪ 2 − p(ax + b)
tan −1
⎪ − ap a( px + q)
⎩
x dx (ax + b)( px + q) bp + aq dx
17.5.2. ∫ (ax + b)( px + q)
=
ap
−
2ap ∫ (ax + b)( px + q)
2apx + bp + aq (bp − aq)2 dx

17.5.3. ∫ (ax + b)( px + q) dx =
4ap
(ax + b)( px + q) −
8ap ∫ (ax + b)( px + q)
px + q (ax + b)( px + q) aq − bp dx
17.5.4. ∫ ax + b
dx =
a
+
2a ∫ (ax + b)( px + q)
dx 2 ax + b
17.5.5. ∫ ( px + q) =
(ax + b)( px + q) (aq − bp) px + q
(6) Integrals Involving x2 ⴙ a2

dx 1 x
17.6.1. ∫x 2 = tan −1
+ a2 a a
x dx 1
17.6.2. ∫x 2
+a 2
= ln ( x 2 + a 2 )
2
x 2 dx −1 x
17.6.3. ∫x 2
+a 2 = x − a tan
a
x 3 dx x 2 a2
17.6.4. ∫x 2
+a 2 =
2
− ln ( x 2 + a 2 )
2
dx 1 ⎛ x2 ⎞
17.6.5. ∫ x(x 2
= ln ⎜ ⎟
+ a 2 ) 2a 2 ⎝ x 2 + a 2 ⎠
dx 1 1 x
17.6.6. ∫x 2
(x 2 + a2 )
= − 2 − 3 tan −1
a x a a
dx 1 1 ⎛ x2 ⎞
17.6.7. ∫ x (x3 2
+ a2 )
= − − ln ⎜ ⎟
2a 2 x 2 2a 4 ⎝ x 2 + a 2 ⎠
dx x 1 x
17.6.8. ∫ (x 2 = +
+ a 2 ) 2 2a 2 ( x 2 + a 2 ) 2a 3
tan −1
a
x dx −1
17.6.9. ∫ (x 2
+a )2 2 =
2( x + a 2 )
2
x 2 dx −x 1 x
17.6.10. ∫ (x 2 = +
+ a 2 )2 2( x 2 + a 2 ) 2a
tan −1
a
x 3dx a2 1
17.6.11. ∫ ( x 2 + a 2 )2 2( x 2 + a 2 ) + 2 ln ( x 2 + a 2 )
=
dx 1 1 ⎛ x2 ⎞
17.6.12. ∫ = +
x ( x 2 + a 2 )2 2a 2 ( x 2 + a 2 ) 2a 4 ⎜⎝ x 2 + a 2 ⎟⎠
ln
dx 1 x 3 x
17.6.13. ∫x 2
( x 2 + a 2 )2
=− 4 − 4 2 −
a x 2a ( x + a 2 ) 2a 5
tan −1
a
dx 1 1 1 ⎛ x2 ⎞
17.6.14. ∫ 2 2 = −
x (x + a )
3 2 4 2 −
2a x 2 − 6 ln ⎜ 2
2a ( x + a ) a
4 2
⎝ x + a 2 ⎟⎠
dx x 2n − 3 dx
17.6.15. ∫ (x 2 = +
+ a 2 )n 2(n − 1)a 2 ( x 2 + a 2 )n−1 (2n − 2)a 2 ∫ (x 2
+ a 2 )n−1
x dx −1
17.6.16. ∫ (x 2 =
+ a 2 )n 2(n − 1)( x 2 + a 2 )n−1
dx 1 1 dx
17.6.17. ∫ x(x 2 = +
+ a 2 )n 2(n − 1)a 2 ( x 2 + a 2 )n−1 a 2 ∫ x(x 2
+ a 2 )n−1
x m dx x m − 2 dx x m − 2 dx
17.6.18. ∫ (x 2
+ a 2 )n
= ∫ (x 2
+ a 2 )n−1
− a2 ∫ (x 2
+ a 2 )n
dx 1 dx 1 dx
17.6.19. ∫x m =
( x 2 + a 2 )n a 2 ∫x m −
( x 2 + a 2 )n−1 a 2 ∫x m−2
( x 2 + a 2 )n
(7) Integrals Involving x2 ⴚ a2, x2 > a2

dx 1 ⎛ x − a⎞ 1 x
17.7.1. ∫x 2 =
− a 2 2a ⎜⎝ x + a⎟⎠
ln or −
a
coth −1
a
x dx 1
17.7.2. ∫x 2 = ln ( x 2 − a 2 )
− a2 2
x 2 dx a ⎛ x − a⎞
17.7.3. ∫ x −a
2 2 = x +
2 ⎜⎝ x + a⎟⎠
ln
x 3dx x 2 a2
17.7.4. ∫x 2
−a 2
=
2
+ ln ( x 2 − a 2 )
2
dx 1 ⎛ x 2 − a2 ⎞
17.7.5. ∫ =
x ( x 2 − a 2 ) 2a 2 ⎜⎝ x 2 ⎟⎠
ln
dx 1 1 ⎛ x − a⎞
17.7.6. ∫ x (x 2 2 = +
− a 2 ) a 2 x 2a 3 ⎜⎝ x + a⎟⎠
ln
dx 1 1 ⎛ x2 ⎞
17.7.7. ∫ = −
x 3( x 2 − a 2 ) 2a 2 x 2 2a 4 ⎜⎝ x 2 − a 2 ⎟⎠
ln
dx −x 1 ⎛ x − a⎞
17.7.8. ∫ (x 2 = −
− a 2 )2 2a 2 ( x 2 − a 2 ) 4 a 3 ⎜⎝ x + a⎟⎠
ln
x dx −1
17.7.9. ∫ (x 2 =
− a 2 )2 2( x 2 − a 2 )
x 2 dx −x 1 ⎛ x − a⎞
17.7.10. ∫ ( x − a 2 )2 = 2( x 2 − a 2 ) + 4a ln ⎜⎝ x + a⎟⎠
2
x 3dx −a2 1
17.7.11. ∫ (x 2
−a )2 2
= + ln ( x 2 − a 2 )
2( x 2 − a 2 ) 2
dx −1 1 ⎛ x2 ⎞
17.7.12. ∫ = +
x ( x 2 − a 2 )2 2a 2 ( x 2 − a 2 ) 2a 4 ⎜⎝ x 2 − a 2 ⎟⎠
ln
dx 1 x 3 ⎛ x − a⎞
17.7.13. ∫ x (x 2 2
− a 2 )2
=− 4 − 4 2 −
a x 2a ( x − a 2 ) 4 a 5 ⎜⎝ x + a⎟⎠
ln
dx 1 1 1 ⎛ x2 ⎞
17.7.14. ∫ 2 2 = −
x (x − a )
3 2 4 2 −
2a x 2 + 6 ln ⎜ 2
2a ( x − a ) a
4 2
⎝ x − a 2 ⎟⎠
dx −x 2n − 3 dx
17.7.15. ∫ (x 2 = −
− a 2 )n 2(n − 1)a 2 ( x 2 − a 2 )n−1 (2n − 2)a 2 ∫ (x 2
− a 2 )n−1
x dx −1
17.7.16. ∫ (x 2 =
− a 2 )n 2(n − 1)( x 2 − a 2 )n−1
dx −1 1 dx
17.7.17. ∫ x(x 2 = −
− a 2 )n 2(n − 1)a 2 ( x 2 − a 2 )n−1 a 2 ∫ x(x 2
− a 2 )n−1
17.7.18. ∫ ( x − a 2 )n =
2 ∫ ( x − a 2 )n−1 + a 2
2 ∫ ( x 2 − a 2 )n
dx 1 dx 1 dx
17.7.19. ∫x m 2 n =
(x − a )2
a2 ∫x m−2 2 2 n − 2
(x − a ) a ∫x m
( x − a 2 )n−1
2
(8) Integrals Involving x2 ⴚ a2, x2 < a2

dx 1 ⎛ a + x⎞ 1 x
17.8.1. ∫a 2
−x 2 =
2 a ⎜⎝ a − x ⎟⎠
ln or
a
tanh −1
a
x dx 1
17.8.2. ∫a 2
− x2
= − ln (a 2 − x 2 )
2
x 2 dx a ⎛ a + x⎞
17.8.3. ∫a 2
− x2
= − x + ln ⎜
2 ⎝ a − x ⎟⎠
x 3dx x 2 a2
17.8.4. ∫a 2
−x 2
= − − ln (a 2 − x 2 )
2 2
dx 1 ⎛ x2 ⎞
17.8.5. ∫ 2 =
x (a − x ) 2a
2 2 ln ⎜ 2
⎝ a − x 2 ⎟⎠
dx 1 1 ⎛ a + x⎞
17.8.6. ∫x 2
(a 2 − x 2 )
= − 2 + 3 ln ⎜
a x 2a ⎝ a − x ⎟⎠
dx 1 1 ⎛ x2 ⎞
17.8.7. ∫ 2 = −
x (a − x )
3 2 2 2 +
2a x 2a 4 ln ⎜ 2
⎝ a − x 2 ⎟⎠
dx x 1 ⎛ a + x⎞
17.8.8. ∫ (a 2 = +
− x 2 )2 2a 2 (a 2 − x 2 ) 4a 3 ⎜⎝ a − x ⎟⎠
ln
x dx 1
17.8.9. ∫ (a 2 =
− x 2 )2 2(a 2 − x 2 )
x 2 dx x 1 ⎛ a + x⎞
17.8.10. ∫ (a 2 − x 2 )2 = 2(a 2 − x 2 ) − 4a ln ⎜⎝ a − x ⎟⎠
x 3dx a2 1
17.8.11. ∫ (a 2 − x 2 )2 2(a 2 − x 2 ) + 2 ln (a 2 − x 2 )
=
dx 1 1 ⎛ x2 ⎞
17.8.12. ∫ = +
x (a 2 − x 2 )2 2a 2 (a 2 − x 2 ) 2a 4 ⎜⎝ a 2 − x 2 ⎟⎠
ln
dx −1 x 3 ⎛ a + x⎞
17.8.13. ∫ x (a
2 2 2 2 =
−x )
+ 4 2 2 +
a x 2a (a − x ) 4 a
4 5 ln ⎜
⎝ a − x ⎟⎠
dx −1 1 1 ⎛ x2 ⎞
17.8.14. ∫ x (a
3 2 2 2 =
−x ) 4 2 +
2a x 2 + 6 ln ⎜ 2
2a (a − x ) a
4 2
⎝ a − x 2 ⎟⎠
dx x 2n − 3 dx
17.8.15. ∫ (a 2 2 n =
−x ) 2 n −1 +
2(n − 1)a (a − x )
2 2
(2n − 2)a 2 ∫ (a 2
− x 2 )n−1
x dx 1
17.8.16. ∫ (a 2 =
− x 2 )n 2(n − 1)(a 2 − x 2 )n−1
dx 1 1 dx
17.8.17. ∫ x (a 2 = +
− x 2 )n 2(n − 1)a 2 (a 2 − x 2 )n−1 a 2 ∫ x (a 2
− x 2 )n−1
17.8.18. ∫ (a 2
− x 2 )n
= a2 ∫ (a2
− x 2 )n
− ∫ (a 2
− x 2 )n−1
dx 1 dx 1 dx
17.8.19. ∫x m =
(a 2 − x 2 ) n a 2 ∫x m +
(a 2 − x 2 )n−1 a 2 ∫x m−2
(a 2 − x 2 ) n
(9) Integrals Involving x 2 + a2

dx x
17.9.1. ∫ x +a
2 2
= ln ( x + x 2 + a 2 ) or sinh −1
a
x dx
17.9.2. ∫ x 2 + a2
= x 2 + a2
x 2 dx x x 2 + a2 a2
17.9.3. ∫ x 2 + a2
=
2
− ln( x + x 2 + a 2 )
2
x 3 dx ( x 2 + a 2 )3 / 2
17.9.4. ∫ x 2 + a2
=
3
− a2 x 2 + a2
dx 1 ⎛ a + x 2 + a2 ⎞
17.9.5. ∫x x 2 + a2
= − ln
a ⎜⎝ x ⎟
⎠
dx x 2 + a2
17.9.6. ∫x 2
x +a
2 2
=−
a2 x
dx x 2 + a2 1 ⎛ a + x 2 + a2 ⎞
17.9.7. ∫x 3
x +a
2 2
=−
2a x2 2 + 3 ln ⎜
2a ⎝ x ⎟
⎠
x x 2
+ a 2
a 2
17.9.8. ∫ x 2 + a 2 dx = 2 + 2 ln ( x + x 2 + a 2 )
( x 2 + a 2 )3 / 2
17.9.9. ∫ x x 2 + a 2 dx = 3
x ( x 2 + a 2 )3 / 2 a 2 x x 2 + a 2 a 4
17.9.10. ∫ x 2 x 2 + a 2 dx = 4
−
8
− ln ( x + x 2 + a 2 )
8
( x 2 + a 2 )5 / 2 a 2 ( x 2 + a 2 )3 / 2
17.9.11. ∫x 3
x 2 + a 2 dx =
5
−
3
x 2 + a2 ⎛ a + x 2 + a2 ⎞
17.9.12. ∫ x
dx = x 2 + a 2 − a ln ⎜
⎝ x ⎟
⎠
x 2 + a2 x 2 + a2
17.9.13. ∫ x2
dx = −
x
+ ln ( x + x 2 + a 2 )
x 2 + a2 x 2 + a2 1 ⎛ a + x 2 + a2 ⎞
17.9.14. ∫ x 3 dx = −
2x 2 − ln
2a ⎜⎝ x ⎟
⎠
dx x
17.9.15. ∫ (x 2 =
+ a 2 )3 / 2 a 2 x 2 + a 2
x dx −1
17.9.16. ∫ (x 2
+ a 2 )3 / 2
=
x 2 + a2
x 2 dx −x
17.9.17. ∫ ( x 2 + a 2 )3 / 2 = x + a2
2
+ ln ( x + x 2 + a 2 )
x 3 dx a2
17.9.18. ∫ (x 2
+ a 2 )3 / 2
= x 2 + a2 +
x + a2
2
dx 1 1 ⎛ a + x 2 + a2 ⎞
17.9.19. ∫ 2 3/ 2 =
x(x + a )2 −
a2 x 2 + a2 a
3 ln ⎜
⎝ x ⎟
⎠
dx x 2 + a2 x
17.9.20. ∫ x (x + a )
2 2 2 3/ 2 = − 4
a x
− 4 2
a x + a2
dx −1 3 3 ⎛ a + x 2 + a2 ⎞
17.9.21. ∫ = − + ln
x 3( x 2 + a 2 )3/ 2 2a 2 x 2 x 2 + a 2 2a 4 x 2 + a 2 2a 5 ⎜⎝ x ⎟
⎠
x ( x 2 + a 2 )3/ 2 3a 2 x x 2 + a 2 3 4
17.9.22. ∫ (x 2
+ a 2 )3/ 2 dx =
4
+
8
+ a ln ( x + x 2 + a 2 )
8
( x 2 + a 2 )5 / 2
17.9.23. ∫ x ( x 2 + a 2 )3/ 2 dx = 5
x ( x 2 + a 2 )5 / 2 a 2 x ( x 2 + a 2 )3 / 2 a 4 x x 2 + a 2 a 6
17.9.24. ∫ x (x 2 2
+ a 2 )3/ 2 dx =
6
−
24
−
16
− ln ( x + x 2 + a 2 )
16
( x 2 + a 2 ) 7 / 2 a 2 ( x 2 + a 2 )5 / 2
17.9.25. ∫ x (x 3 2
+ a 2 )3/ 2 dx =
7
−
5
( x 2 + a 2 )3 / 2 ( x 2 + a 2 )3 / 2 ⎛ a + x 2 + a2 ⎞
17.9.26. ∫ x
dx =
3
+ a 2 x 2 + a 2 − a 3 ln ⎜
⎝ x ⎟
⎠
( x 2 + a 2 )3 / 2 ( x 2 + a 2 )3 / 2 3 x x 2 + a 2 3 2
17.9.27. ∫ x 2
dx = −
x
+
2
+ a ln ( x + x 2 + a 2 )
2
( x 2 + a 2 )3 / 2 ( x 2 + a 2 )3 / 2 3 2 3 ⎛ a + x 2 + a2 ⎞
17.9.28. ∫ x 3 dx = −
2x 2 +
2
x + a 2 − a ln ⎜
2 ⎝ x ⎟
⎠
(10) Integrals Involving x 2 − a2
dx x dx
17.10.1. ∫ x −a2 2
= ln ( x + x 2 − a 2 ), ∫ x −a
2 2
= x 2 − a2
x 2 dx x x 2 − a2 a2
17.10.2. ∫ x −a
2 2
=
2
+ ln ( x + x 2 − a 2 )
2
x 3 dx ( x 2 − a 2 )3 / 2
17.10.3. ∫ x 2 − a2
=
3
+ a2 x 2 − a2
dx 1 x
17.10.4. ∫x x 2 − a2
=
a
sec −1
a
dx x 2 − a2
17.10.5. ∫x 2
x 2 − a2
=
a2 x
dx x 2 − a2 1 x
17.10.6. ∫x 3
x 2 − a2
=
2a 2 x 2
+ 3 sec −1
2a a
x x 2 − a2 a2
17.10.7. ∫ x 2 − a 2 dx =
2
− ln ( x + x 2 − a 2 )
2
( x 2 − a 2 )3 / 2
17.10.8. ∫x x 2 − a 2 dx =
3
x ( x 2 − a 2 )3 / 2 a 2 x x 2 − a 2 a 4
17.10.9. ∫x 2
x 2 − a 2 dx =
4
+
8
−
8
ln ( x + x 2 − a 2 )
( x 2 − a 2 )5 / 2 a 2 ( x 2 − a 2 )3 / 2
17.10.10. ∫x 3
x 2 − a 2 dx =
5
+
3
x 2 − a2 x
17.10.11. ∫ x
dx = x 2 − a 2 − a sec −1
a
x 2 − a2 x 2 − a2
17.10.12. ∫ x 2 dx = −
x
+ ln ( x + x 2 − a 2 )
x 2 − a2 x 2 − a2 1 x
17.10.13. ∫ x 3
dx = −
2x 2
+
2a
sec −1
a
dx x
17.10.14. ∫ (x 2
− a 2 )3 / 2
=− 2 2
a x − a2
x dx −1
17.10.15. ∫ (x 2
− a 2 )3 / 2
=
x 2 − a2
x 2dx x
17.10.16. ∫ ( x 2 − a 2 )3/ 2 = − x 2 − a 2 + ln ( x + x 2 − a 2 )
x 3 dx a2
17.10.17. ∫ (x 2
− a 2 )3 / 2
= x 2 − a2 −
x 2 − a2
dx −1 1 x
17.10.18. ∫ x(x 2
−a )
2 3/ 2
=
a x −a
2 2 2
− 3 sec −1
a a
dx x 2 − a2 x
17.10.19. ∫x 2 2 3/ 2 = −
(x − a )2
a4 x
− 4 2
a x − a2
dx 1 3 3 x
17.10.20. ∫x 3
(x − a )2
2 3/ 2
=
2a x x − a
2 2 2 2
−
2a x − a
4 2 2
− 5 sec −1
2a a
x ( x 2 − a 2 )3/ 2 3a 2 x x 2 − a 2 3 4
17.10.21. ∫ (x 2
− a 2 )3/ 2 dx =
4
−
8
+ a ln ( x + x 2 − a 2 )
8
( x 2 − a 2 )5 / 2
17.10.22. ∫ x ( x 2 − a 2 )3/ 2 dx = 5
x ( x 2 − a 2 )5 / 2 a 2 x ( x 2 − a 2 )3 / 2 a 4 x x 2 − a 2 a 6
17.10.23. ∫ x 2 ( x 2 − a 2 )3/ 2 dx = 6
+
24
−
16
+ ln ( x + x 2 − a 2 )
16
( x 2 − a 2 ) 7 / 2 a 2 ( x 2 − a 2 )5 / 2
17.10.24. ∫x 3
( x 2 − a 2 )3/ 2 dx =
7
+
5
( x 2 − a 2 )3 / 2 ( x 2 − a 2 )3 / 2 x
17.10.25. ∫ x
dx =
3
− a 2 x 2 − a 2 + a 3 sec −1
a
( x 2 − a 2 )3 / 2 ( x 2 − a 2 )3 / 2 3 x x 2 − a 2 3 2
17.10.26. ∫ x 2 dx = −
x
+
2
− a ln ( x + x 2 − a 2 )
2
( x 2 − a 2 )3 / 2 ( x 2 − a 2 )3 / 2 3 x 2 − a 2 3 x
17.10.27. ∫ x3 dx = −
2x 2
+
2
− a sec −1
2 a
(11) Integrals Involving a2 − x 2

dx x
17.11.1. ∫ a −x
2 2
= sin −1
a
x dx
17.11.2. ∫ a2 − x 2
= − a2 − x 2
x 2 dx x a2 − x 2 a2 x
17.11.3. ∫ a −x
2 2
= −
2
+ sin −1
2 a
x 3 dx (a 2 − x 2 )3 / 2
17.11.4. ∫ a −x
2 2
=
3
− a2 a2 − x 2
dx 1 ⎛ a + a2 − x 2 ⎞
17.11.5. ∫ x a2 − x 2
= − ln
a ⎜⎝ x ⎟
⎠
dx a2 − x 2
17.11.6. ∫x 2
a2 − x 2
= −
a2 x
dx a2 − x 2 1 ⎛ a + a2 − x 2 ⎞
17.11.7. ∫x 3
a2 − x 2
= − 2
2a x 2 −
2a 3 ln ⎜
⎝ x ⎟
⎠
x a2 − x 2 a2 x
17.11.8. ∫ a 2 − x 2 dx =
2
+ sin −1
2 a
(a 2 − x 2 ) 3 / 2
17.11.9. ∫x a 2 − x 2 dx = −
3
x (a 2 − x 2 ) 3 / 2 a 2 x a 2 − x 2 a 4 x
17.11.10. ∫x 2
a 2 − x 2 dx = −
4
+
8
+ sin −1
8 a
(a 2 − x 2 ) 5 / 2 a 2 (a 2 − x 2 ) 3 / 2
17.11.11. ∫x 3
a 2 − x 2 dx =
5
−
3
a2 − x 2 ⎛ a + a2 − x 2 ⎞
17.11.12. ∫ x
dx = a 2 − x 2 − a ln ⎜
⎝ x ⎟
⎠
a2 − x 2 a2 − x 2 x
17.11.13. ∫ x 2 dx = −
x
− sin −1
a
a2 − x 2 a2 − x 2 1 ⎛ a + a2 − x 2 ⎞
17.11.14. ∫ x 3 dx = −
2x 2 + ln
2a ⎜⎝ x ⎟
⎠
dx x
17.11.15. ∫ (a 2 2 3/ 2 =
−x ) a a2 − x 2
2
x dx 1
17.11.16. ∫ (a 2
− x 2 )3 / 2
=
a − x2
2
x 2 dx x x
17.11.17. ∫ (a 2
− x 2 )3 / 2
=
a −x
2 2
− sin −1
a
x 3 dx a2
17.11.18. ∫ (a − x )
22 3 / 2 = a 2
− x 2
+
a2 − x 2
dx 1 1 ⎛ a + a2 − x 2 ⎞
17.11.19. ∫ x (a 2 2 3/ 2 =
−x ) a a −x
2 2 2
− 3 ln ⎜
a ⎝ x ⎟
⎠
dx a2 − x 2 x
17.11.20. ∫ x (a − x )
2 2 2 3/ 2 = − 4
a x
+ 4 2
a a − x2
dx −1 3 3 ⎛ a + a2 − x 2 ⎞
17.11.21. ∫x 3 2 3/ 2 =
(a − x )2 + −
2a 2 x 2 a 2 − x 2 2a 4 a 2 − x 2 2a
5 ln ⎜
⎝ x ⎟
⎠
x (a 2 − x 2 )3/ 2 3a 2 x a 2 − x 2 3 4 −1 x
17.11.22. ∫ (a 2
− x 2 )3/ 2 dx =
4
+
8
+ a sin
8 a
(a 2 − x 2 )5 / 2
17.11.23. ∫ x (a 2
− x 2 )3/ 2 dx = −
5
x (a 2 − x 2 ) 5 / 2 a 2 x (a 2 − x 2 ) 3 / 2 a 4 x a 2 − x 2 a 6 x
17.11.24. ∫ x 2 (a 2 − x 2 )3/ 2 dx = − 6
+
24
+
16
+ sin −1
16 a
(a 2 − x 2 ) 7 / 2 a 2 (a 2 − x 2 ) 5 / 2
17.11.25. ∫x 3
(a 2 − x 2 )3/ 2 dx =
7
−
5
(a 2 − x 2 )3 / 2 (a 2 − x 2 )3 / 2 ⎛ a + a2 − x 2 ⎞
17.11.26. ∫ x dx =
3
+ a 2
a 2
− x 2
− a 3
ln ⎜
⎝ x ⎟
⎠
(a 2 − x 2 )3 / 2 (a 2 − x 2 )3/ 2 3x a 2 − x 2 3 2 −1 x
17.11.27. ∫ x 2
dx = −
x
−
2
− a sin
2 a
(a 2 − x 2 )3 / 2 (a 2 − x 2 )3 / 2 3 a 2 − x 2 3 ⎛ a + a2 − x 2 ⎞
17.11.28. ∫ x 3 dx = −
2x 2 −
2
+ a ln ⎜
2 ⎝ x ⎟
⎠
(12) Integrals Involving ax2 ⴙ bx ⴙ c

⎧ 2 2ax + b
⎪ tan −1
dx ⎪ 4 ac − b 2
4 ac − b 2
17.12.1. ∫ ax 2 + bx + c ⎨ 1
= ⎛ 2ax + b − b 2 − 4 ac ⎞
⎪
⎪ b 2 − 4 ac ⎝ 2ax + b + b 2 − 4 ac ⎟⎠
ln ⎜
⎩
If b 2 = 4 ac, ax 2 + bx + c = a( x + b / 2a)2 and the results 17.1.6 to 17.1.10 and 17.1.14 to 17.1.17 can be used.
If b = 0 use results on page 75. If a or c = 0 use results on pages 71–72.
x dx 1 b dx
17.12.2. ∫ ax 2 =
+ bx + c 2a
ln (ax 2 + bx + c) −
2a ∫ ax 2
+ bx + c
x 2 dx x b b 2 − 2ac dx
17.12.3. ∫ ax 2 + bx + c a 2a 2
= − ln ( ax 2
+ bx + c ) +
2a 2 ∫ ax 2
+ bx + c
x m dx x m −1 c x m − 2 dx b x m−1dx
17.12.4. ∫ ax + bx + c (m − 1)a − a
2 = ∫ ax + bx + c − a
2 ∫ ax + bx + c
2
dx 1 ⎛ x2 ⎞ b dx
17.12.5. ∫ x (ax 2 = ln ⎜ 2 −
+ bx + c) 2c ⎝ ax + bx + c⎟⎠ 2c ∫ ax 2
+ bx + c
dx b ⎛ ax 2 + bx + c⎞ 1 b 2 − 2ac dx
17.12.6. ∫x 2 2= 2 ln ⎜
(ax + bx + c) 2c ⎝ x2 ⎟⎠ − cx + 2c 2 ∫ ax 2
+ bx + c
dx 1 b dx a dx
17.12.7. ∫x n
(ax + bx + c)
2 =−
(n − 1)cx n −1 −
c ∫x n −1 −
(ax + bx + c) c
2 ∫x n− 2
(ax + bx + c)
2
dx 2ax + b 2a dx
17.12.8. ∫ (ax 2
+ bx + c) 2 = +
(4 ac − b )(ax + bx + c) 4 ac − b 2
2 2 ∫ ax 2
+ bx + c
x dx bx + 2c b dx
17.12.9. ∫ (ax 2
+ bx + c)2
=− −
(4 ac − b 2 )(ax 2 + bx + c) 4 ac − b 2 ∫ ax 2
+ bx + c
x 2 dx (b 2 − 2ac) x + bc 2c dx
17.12.10. ∫ (ax 2
+ bx + c) 2 = +
a(4 ac − b 2 )(ax 2 + bx + c) 4 ac − b 2 ∫ ax 2
+ bx + c
x m dx x m −1 (m − 1)c x m − 2 dx
17.12.11. ∫ (ax 2
+ bx + c) n = − +
(2n − m − 1)a(ax 2 + bx + c)n−1 (2n − m − 1)a ∫ (ax 2
+ bx + c)n
(n − m )b x m −1dx
−
(2n − m − 1)a ∫ (ax + bx + c)n
2
x 2 n−1dx 1 x 2 n−3 dx c x 2 n−3 dx b x 2 n− 2 dx

17.12.12. ∫ (ax 2 + bx + c)n = a ∫ (ax 2 + bx + c)n−1 − a ∫ (ax 2 + bx + c)n − a ∫ (ax 2 + bx + c)n
dx 1 b dx 1 dx
17.12.13. ∫ x (ax 2 = −
+ bx + c)2 2c(ax 2 + bx + c) 2c ∫ (ax 2 +
+ bx + c)2 c ∫ x (ax 2
+ bx + c)
dx 1 3a dx 2b dx
17.12.14. ∫x 2
(ax 2 + bx + c)2
=− −
cx (ax 2 + bx + c) c ∫ (ax 2
+ bx + c)2
−
c ∫ x (ax 2
+ bx + c)2
dx 1 (m + 2n − 3)a dx
17.12.15. ∫x m
(ax + bx + c)
2 n = −
(m − 1)cx (ax + bx + c)
m −1 2 n −1 −
(m − 1)c ∫x m−2
(ax + bx + c)n
2
(m + n − 2)b dx
−
(m − 1)c ∫x m −1
(ax + bx + c)n
2
(13) Integrals Involving ax 2 ⴙ bx ⴙ c

In the following results if b 2 = 4 ac, ax 2 + bx + c = a ( x + b / 2a) and the results 17.1 can be used. If b = 0
use the results 17.9. If a = 0 or c = 0 use the results 17.2 and 17.5.
⎧ 1
⎪⎪ a ln (2 a ax + bx + c + 2ax + b)
2
dx
17.13.1. ∫ =⎨
ax 2 + bx + c ⎪− 1 sin −1 ⎛ 2ax + b ⎞ or 1 sinh −1 ⎛ 2ax + b ⎞
⎪⎩ − a ⎜⎝ b 2 − 4 ac ⎟⎠ a ⎜⎝ 4 ac − b 2 ⎟⎠
x dx ax 2 + bx + c b dx
17.13.2. ∫ ax + bx + c
2
=
a
−
2a ∫ ax + bx + c
2
x 2 dx 2ax − 3b 3b 2 − 4 ac dx
17.13.3. ∫ ax 2 + bx + c
=
4a 2
ax 2
+ bx + c +
8a 2 ∫ ax + bx + c
2
⎧ 1 ⎛ 2 c ax 2 + bx + c + bx + 2c⎞
⎪− ln ⎜
x ⎟
dx ⎪ c ⎝ ⎠
17.13.4. ∫ 2
= ⎨
x ax + bx + c ⎪ 1 ⎛ bx + 2c ⎞ 1 ⎛ bx + 2c ⎞
⎪ −c sin ⎜⎝ | x | b 2 − 4 ac ⎟⎠ or − c sinh ⎜⎝ | x | 4 ac − b 2 ⎟⎠
−1 −1
dx ax 2 + bx + c b dx
17.13.5. ∫x 2
ax + bx + c
2
=−
cx
−
2c ∫x ax 2 + bx + c
(2ax + b) ax 2 + bx + c 4 ac − b 2 dx
17.13.6. ∫ ax 2 + bx + c dx =
4a
+
8a ∫ ax 2 + bx + c
(ax 2 + bx + c)3/ 2 b(2ax + b)

17.13.7. ∫x ax 2 + bx + c dx =
3a
−
8a 2
ax 2 + bx + c
b(4 ac − b 2 ) dx
−
16a 2 ∫ ax 2 + bx + c
6ax − 5b 5b 2 − 4 ac
17.13.8. ∫ x 2 ax 2 + bx + c dx = 24 a 2
( ax 2
+ bx + c ) 3/ 2
+
16a 2 ∫ ax 2 + bx + c dx
ax 2 + bx + c b dx dx
17.13.9. ∫ x
dx = ax 2 + bx + c +
2 ∫ ax + bx + c
2
+c ∫x ax + bx + c
2
ax 2 + bx + c ax 2 + bx + c dx b dx
17.13.10. ∫ x 2
dx = −
x
+a ∫ ax + bx + c
2
+
2 ∫x ax + bx + c
2
dx 2(2ax + b)
17.13.11. ∫ (ax 2 =
+ bx + c)3/ 2 (4 ac − b 2 ) ax 2 + bx + c
x dx 2(bx + 2c)
17.13.12. ∫ (ax 2 =
+ bx + c)3/ 2 (b 2 − 4 ac) ax 2 + bx + c
x 2 dx (2b 2 − 4 ac) x + 2bc 1 dx

17.13.13. ∫ (ax 2
+ bx + c) 3/ 2 = +
a(4 ac − b 2 ) ax 2 + bx + c a ∫ ax 2 + bx + c
dx 1 1 dx b dx
17.13.14. ∫ x (ax 2 = +
+ bx + c)3/ 2 c ax 2 + bx + c c ∫x ax + bx + c
2
−
2c ∫ (ax 2
+ bx + c)3/ 2
dx ax 2 + 2bx + c b 2 − 2ac dx
17.13.15. ∫ x (ax + bx + c)
2 2 3/ 2 = − 2
c x ax 2 + bx + c
+
2c 2 ∫ (ax 2
+ bx + c)3/ 2
3b dx
−
2c 2 ∫x ax 2 + bx + c
(2ax + b)(ax 2 + bx + c)n+1/ 2 (2n + 1)(4 ac − b 2 )

17.13.16. ∫ (ax 2
+ bx + c)n+1/ 2 dx =
4 a(n + 1)
+
8a(n + 1) ∫ (ax 2 + bx + c)n−1/ 2 dx
(ax 2 + bx + c)n+3/ 2 b
17.13.17. ∫ x (ax 2 + bx + c)n+1/ 2 dx = a(2n + 3)
−
2a ∫ (ax 2
+ bx + c)n+1/ 2 dx
dx 2(2ax + b)
17.13.18. ∫ (ax 2 =
+ bx + c)n+1/ 2 (2n − 1)(4 ac − b 2 )(ax 2 + bx + c)n−1/ 2
8a(n − 1) dx
+
(2n − 1)(4 ac − b 2 ) ∫ (ax 2
+ bx + c)n−1/ 2
dx 1
17.13.19. ∫ x (ax 2 =
+ bx + c)n+1/ 2 (2n − 1)c(ax 2 + bx + c)n−1/ 2
1 dx b dx
+
c ∫ x (ax 2 −
+ bx + c)n−1/ 2 2c ∫ (ax 2
+ bx + c)n+1/22
(14) Integrals Involving x3 ⴙ a3

Note that for formulas involving x3 – a3 replace a with –a.
dx 1 ⎛ ( x + a) 2 ⎞ 1 2x − a
17.14.1. ∫ x +a
3 3
=
6a 2
ln ⎜⎝ 2
x − ax + a 2⎟
⎠
+
2
a 3
tan −1
a 3
x dx 1 ⎛ x 2 − ax + a 2 ⎞ 1 2x − a
17.14.2. ∫ x +a
3 3
=
6a
ln ⎜
⎝ ( x + a) 2 ⎟
⎠
+
a 3
tan −1
a 3
x 2 dx 1
17.14.3. ∫ = ln ( x 3 + a 3 )
x 3 + a3 3
dx 1 ⎛ x3 ⎞
17.14.4. ∫ x(x 3 3 =
+ a ) 3a 3 ln ⎜ 3
⎝ x + a 3 ⎟⎠
dx 1 1 ⎛ x 2 − ax + a 2 ⎞ 1 2x − a
17.14.5. ∫ x (x + a )
2 3 3
= − 3
−
a x 6a 4
ln ⎜
⎝ ( x + a) ⎠ a 3
2 ⎟ −
4
tan −1
a 3
dx x 1 ⎛ ( x + a) 2 ⎞ 2 2x − a
17.14.6. ∫ (x 3
+a )
3 2
= 3 3 + 5 ln ⎜ 2
3a ( x + a ) 9a
3
+
⎝ x − ax + a 2 ⎟⎠ 3a 5 3
tan −1
a 3
x dx x2 1 ⎛ x 2 − ax + a 2 ⎞ 1 2x − a
17.14.7. ∫ (x 3
+a )3 2
= 3 3 +
3a ( x + a ) 18a
3 4
ln ⎜ +
⎝ ( x + a)2 ⎟⎠ 3a 4 3
tan −1
a 3
x 2 dx 1
17.14.8. ∫ ( x 3 + a3 )2 = − 3( x 3 + a3 )
dx 1 1 ⎛ x3 ⎞
17.14.9. ∫ x(x 3 3 2 =
+a ) 3 +
3a ( x + a ) 3a
3 3 6 ln ⎜ 3
⎝ x + a 3 ⎟⎠
dx 1 x2 4 x dx
17.14.10. ∫ x (x + a )
2 3 3 2
= − − − 6
a x 3a ( x + a ) 3a
6 6 3 3 ∫x 3
+ a3
(See 17.14.2.)
x m dx x m−2 x m −3dx
17.14.11. ∫ =
x 3 + a3 m − 2
− a 3
∫ x 3 + a3
dx −1 1 dx
17.14.12. ∫x n = −
( x 3 + a 3 ) a 3 (n − 1) x n−1 a 3 ∫x n−3
( x 3 + a3 )
(15) Integrals Involving x4 ⴞ a4
dx 1 ⎛ x 2 + ax 2 + a 2 ⎞ 1 ⎡ −1 ⎛ x 2 ⎞ ⎛ x 2⎞⎤
17.15.1. ∫x 4
+a 4 = 3
ln ⎜ 2 2 ⎟ − 3
4 a 2 ⎝ x − ax 2 + a ⎠ 2a 2 ⎣⎢
⎢tan ⎜1 −
⎝ ⎟
a ⎠
− tan −1 ⎜1 +
⎝ a ⎟⎠ ⎥⎥
⎦
2
x dx 1 −1 x
17.15.2. ∫x 4
+a 4 =
2a 2 tan
a 2
x 2 dx 1 ⎛ x 2 − ax 2 + a 2 ⎞ 1 ⎡ −1 ⎛ x 2 ⎞ ⎛ x 2⎞⎤
17.15.3. ∫ x +a
4 4 = ln ⎜ 2 2⎟
−
4 a 2 ⎝ x + ax 2 + a ⎠ 2a 2 ⎢⎣
⎢tan ⎜1 − a ⎟ − tan −1 ⎜1 + a ⎟ ⎥
⎝ ⎠ ⎝ ⎠ ⎥⎦
x 3 dx 1
17.15.4. ∫x 4 = ln ( x 4 + a 4 )
+ a4 4
dx 1 ⎛ x4 ⎞
17.15.5. ∫ x(x 4 4 =
+ a ) 4a 4 ln ⎜ 4
⎝ x + a 4 ⎟⎠
dx 1 1 ⎛ x 2 − ax 2 + a 2 ⎞
17.15.6. ∫ 4 = − 4
x (x + a )
2
4 − 5 ln ⎜ 2
a x 4 a 2 ⎝ x + ax 2 + a 2 ⎟⎠
1 ⎡ −1 ⎛ x 2 ⎞ ⎛ x 2⎞⎤
+ ⎢tan ⎜1 − a ⎟ − tan −1 ⎜1 + a ⎟ ⎥
2a 5
2 ⎢⎣ ⎝ ⎠ ⎝ ⎠ ⎥⎦
2
dx 1 1 −1 x
17.15.7. ∫x 3 4 4 = −
(x + a ) 4 2 −
2a x 2a 6 tan
a 2
dx 1 ⎛ x − a⎞ 1 x
17.15.8. ∫x 4 = −
− a 4 4 a 3 ⎜⎝ x + a⎟⎠ 2a 3
ln tan −1
a
x dx 1 ⎛ x 2 − a2 ⎞
17.15.9. ∫x 4
−a 4 =
4a 2 ln ⎜ 2
⎝ x + a 2 ⎟⎠
x 2 dx 1 ⎛ x − a⎞ 1 x
17.15.10. ∫ = +
x 4 − a 4 4 a ⎜⎝ x + a⎟⎠ 2a
ln tan −1
a
x 3dx 1
17.15.11. ∫x 4
= ln ( x 4 − a 4 )
− a4 4
dx 1 ⎛ x 4 − a4 ⎞
17.15.12. ∫ 4 =
x ( x − a ) 4a
4 4 ln ⎜
⎝ x 4 ⎟⎠
dx 1 1 ⎛ x − a⎞ 1 x
17.15.13. ∫x 3 = + +
( x 4 − a 4 ) a 4 x 4 a 5 ⎜⎝ x + a⎟⎠ 2a 5
ln tan −1
a
dx 1 1 ⎛ x 2 − a2 ⎞
17.15.14. ∫ 4 = 4 2 +
x ( x − a ) 2a x
34
4a 6 ln ⎜ 2
⎝ x + a 2 ⎟⎠
(16) Integrals Involving xn ⴞ an

dx 1 ⎛ xn ⎞
17.16.1. ∫ = ln ⎜ ⎟
x ( x n + a n ) na n ⎝ x n + a n ⎠
x n−1dx 1
17.16.2. ∫ = ln ( x n + a n )
x n + an n
x m dx x m − n dx x m − n dx
17.16.3. ∫ ( x + a n )r =
n ∫ ( x + a n )r −1 − a n
n ∫ ( x n + a n )r
dx 1 dx 1 dx
17.16.4. ∫x m =
( x n + a n )r a n ∫x m −
( x n + a n )r −1 a n ∫x m−n
( x n + a n )r
dx 1 ⎛ x n + an − an ⎞
17.16.5. ∫x = ln
x n + a n n a n ⎜⎝ x n + a n + a n ⎟⎠
dx 1 ⎛ x n − an ⎞
17.16.6. ∫ n =
x ( x − a ) na
n n ln ⎜
⎝ x n ⎟⎠
x n −1dx 1
17.16.7. ∫x n
= ln ( x n − a n )
− an n
x m dx x m − n dx x m − n dx
17.16.8. ∫ (x − a )
n n r = a n
∫ ( x − a ) ∫ ( x − a n )r −1
n n r + n
dx 1 dx 1 dx
17.16.9. ∫x m
(x − a )
n n r
= n
a ∫x m−n
(x − a )
n n r
− n
a ∫x m
( x − a n )r −
n
dx 2 an
17.16.10. ∫x x n − an
=
n an
cos −1
xn
x p−1dx 1 m
(2k − 1) pπ ⎛ x + a cos[(2k − 1)π /2m]⎞
∫x 2m− p ∑
17.16.11. = sin tan −1 ⎜
2m
+a 2m
ma k =1 2 m ⎝ a sin[(2k − 1)π /2m] ⎟⎠
1 m
(2k − 1) pπ ⎛ 2 (2k − 1)π ⎞
− ∑
2ma 2 m − p k =1
cos
2m
ln ⎜ x + 2ax cos
⎝ 2 m
+ a 2⎟
⎠
where 0 < p 2m.
x p−1dx 1 m −1
kpπ ⎛ 2 kπ ⎞
∫x 2m− p ∑
17.16.12. = cos ln ⎜ x − 2ax cos + a 2⎟
2m
−a 2m
2ma k =1 m ⎝ m ⎠
1 m −1 kpπ ⎛ x − a cos (kπ /m)⎞

ma 2 m − p ∑
− sin tan −1 ⎜
k =1 m ⎝ a sin (kπ /m) ⎟⎠
1
+ {ln ( x − a) + (−1) p ln ( x + a)}
2ma 2 m − p
where 0 < p 2m.
x p−1dx 2(−1) p−1 m

2kpπ ⎛ x + a cos[2kπ /(2m + 1)]⎞
∫ 2 m − p+1 ∑
17.16.13. = sin tan −1 ⎜
x 2 m +1
+a 2 m +1
(2m + 1)a k =1 2m + 1 ⎝ a sin[2kπ /(2m + 1)] ⎟⎠
(−1) p−1 m
pπ ⎛ 2
2kp 2kπ ⎞
2 m − p+1 ∑
− cos ln ⎜ x + 2ax cos + a 2⎟
(2m + 1)a k =1 2m + 1 ⎝ 2m + 1 ⎠
(−1) p−1 ln( x + a)

+
(2m + 1)a 2 m − p+1
where 0 < p 2m + 1.
x p−1dx −2 m
2kpπ ⎛ x − a cos[2kπ /(2m + 1)]⎞
17.16.14. ∫ x 2 m +1
−a 2 m +1
=
(2m + 1)a 2 m − p+1 ∑
k =1
sin
2m + 1
tan −1 ⎜
⎝ a sin[2kπ /(2m + 1)] ⎟⎠
1 m
2kpπ ⎛ 2 2kπ ⎞
+
(2m + 1)a 2 m − p+1 ∑
k =1
cos ln ⎜ x − 2ax cos
2m + 1 ⎝ 2m + 1
+ a 2⎟
⎠
ln ( x − a)
+
(2m + 1)a 2 m − p+1
where 0 < p 2m + 1.
(17) Integrals Involving sin ax

cos ax
17.17.1. ∫ sin ax dx = − a
sin ax x cos ax
17.17.2. ∫ x sin ax dx = a2
−
a
2x ⎛ 2 x2 ⎞
17.17.3. ∫x 2
sin ax dx =
a 2 sin ax + ⎜ 3 −
⎝a a ⎟⎠
cos ax
⎛ 3x 2 6 ⎞ ⎛ 6x x 3 ⎞
17.17.4. ∫x 3
sin ax dx = ⎜ 2 − 4 ⎟ sin ax + ⎜ 3 − ⎟ cos ax
⎝a a ⎠ ⎝a a⎠
sin ax (ax )3 (ax )5

17.17.5. ∫ x dx = ax − +
3 ⋅ 3! 5 ⋅ 5!
− ⋅⋅⋅
sin ax sin ax cos ax

17.17.6. ∫ x2
dx = −
x
+ a∫
x
dx (See 17.18.5.)
dx 1 1 ax
17.17.7. ∫ sin ax = α ln(csc ax − cot ax ) = α ln tan 2
x dx 1 ⎧⎪ (ax )3 7(ax )5 2(22 n −1 − 1) Bn (ax )2 n+1 ⎫⎪

17.17.8. ∫ sin ax = a 2 ⎨
ax + + ++
(2n + 1)!
+ ⎬
⎩⎪ 18 1800 ⎪⎭
x sin 2ax
17.17.9. ∫ sin 2 ax dx = 2 − 4a
x 2 x sin 2ax cos 2ax
17.17.10. ∫ x sin 2
ax dx =
4
−
4a
−
8a 2
cos ax cos3 ax
17.17.11. ∫ sin 3
ax dx = −
a
+
3a
3x sin 2ax sin 4 ax

17.17.12. ∫ sin ax dx =
4
8
−
4a
+
32a
dx 1
17.17.13. ∫ sin 2
ax
= − cot ax
a
dx cos ax 1 ax
17.17.14. ∫ sin 3
ax
=− +
2a sin 2 ax 2a
ln tan
2
sin ( p − q) x sin ( p + q) x
17.17.15. ∫ sin px sin qx dx = 2( p − q)
−
2( p + q)
(If p = ± q, see 17.17.9.)
dx 1 ⎛π ax ⎞
17.17.16. ∫ 1 − sin ax = a tan ⎜⎝ 4 + 2 ⎟⎠
x dx x ⎛π ax ⎞ 2 ⎛ π ax ⎞
17.17.17. ∫ 1 − sin ax = a tan ⎜⎝ 4 + + ln sin ⎜ − ⎟
2 ⎟⎠ a 2 ⎝4 2 ⎠
dx 1 ⎛π ax ⎞
17.17.18. ∫ 1 + sin ax = − α tan ⎜⎝ 4 − 2 ⎟⎠
x dx x ⎛π ax ⎞ 2 ⎛ π ax ⎞
17.17.19. ∫ 1 + sin ax = − a tan ⎜⎝ 4 − + ln sin ⎜ + ⎟
2 ⎟⎠ a 2 ⎝4 2 ⎠
dx 1 ⎛ π ax ⎞ 1 ⎛ π ax ⎞
17.17.20. ∫ (1 − sin ax) 2 =
2a
tan ⎜ + ⎟ +
⎝ 4 2 ⎠ 6 a
tan 3 ⎜ + ⎟
⎝4 2 ⎠
dx 1 ⎛ π ax ⎞ 1 ⎛ π ax ⎞
17.17.21. ∫ (1 + sin ax ) 2
=−
2a
tan ⎜ − ⎟ −
⎝ 4 2 ⎠ 6a
tan 3 ⎜ − ⎟
⎝4 2 ⎠
⎧ −1 p tan 2 ax + q
1
2
⎪a p2 − q 2 tan
p2 − q 2
dx ⎪
17.17.22. ∫ =
p + q sin ax ⎨ ⎛ p tan 12 ax + q − q 2 − p2 ⎞
⎪ 1
⎪ ln ⎜ ⎟
⎩a q − p ⎝ p tan 12 ax + q + q 2 − p2 ⎠
2 2
(If p = ± q, see 17.17.16 and 17.17.18.)
dx q cos ax p dx
17.17.23. ∫ ( p + q sin ax) 2 = +
a( p2 − q 2 )( p + q sin ax ) p2 − q 2 ∫ p + q sin ax
(If p = ± q, see 17.17.20 and 17.17.21.)
dx 1 p2 + q 2 tan ax
17.17.24. ∫p 2 =
+ q 2 sin 2 ax ap p2 + q 2
tan −1
p
⎧ 1 −1
p2 − q 2 tan ax
⎪ tan
p
⎪ ap p − q
2 2
dx
17.17.25. ∫ p − q sin ax
2 2 2 =⎨
⎛ q 2 − p2 tan ax + p⎞
⎪ 1
ln
⎪ ⎜ 2 ⎟
⎩2ap q − p ⎝ q − p2 tan ax − p⎠
2 2
x m cos ax mx m −1 sin ax m(m − 1)

17.17.26. ∫x m
sin ax dx = −
a
+
a2
−
a2 ∫x m−2
sin ax dx
sin ax sin ax a cos ax

17.17.27. ∫ xn
dx = − +
(n − 1) x n −1 n − 1 ∫ x n −1
dx (See 17.18.30.)
sin n−1 ax cos ax n − 1

17.17.28. ∫ sin n
ax dx = −
an
+
n ∫ sin n− 2
ax dx
dx − cos ax n−2 dx
17.17.29. ∫ sin n = +
ax a(n − 1) sin ax n − 1
n −1 ∫ sin n− 2
ax
x dx − x cos ax 1 n−2 x dx
17.17.30. ∫ sin n = − +
ax a(n − 1) sin n−1 ax a 2 (n − 1)(n − 2) sin n− 2 ax n − 1 ∫ sin n− 2
ax
(18) Integrals Involving cos ax

sin ax
17.18.1. ∫ cos ax dx = a
cos ax x sin ax
17.18.2. ∫ x cos ax dx = a2
+
a
2x ⎛ x2 2 ⎞
17.18.3. ∫ x 2 cos ax dx = a2
cos ax + ⎜⎝ a − a 3 ⎟⎠ sin ax
⎛ 3x 2 6 ⎞ ⎛ x 3 6x⎞
17.18.4. ∫ x 3
cos ax dx = ⎜
⎝a 2 −
a ⎠
4 ⎟ cos ax + ⎜⎝ a − a 3 ⎟⎠ sin ax
cos ax (ax )2 (ax )4 (ax )6

17.18.5.
∫ x dx = ln x − + −
2 ⋅ 2! 4 ⋅ 4 ! 6 ⋅ 6!
+
cos ax cos ax sin ax

17.18.6. ∫ x2
dx = −
x
−a ∫ x
dx (See 17.17.5.)
dx 1 1 ⎛π ax ⎞
17.18.7. ∫ cos ax = a ln (sec ax + tan ax ) = a ln tan ⎜⎝ 4 + 2 ⎟⎠
x dx 1 ⎧(ax )2 (ax )4 5(ax )6 En (ax )2 n+ 2 ⎫

17.18.8. ∫ cos ax a 2 ⎩ 2
= ⎨ +
8
+
144
+ +
(2n + 2)(2n)!
+ ⎬
⎭
x sin 2ax
17.18.9. ∫ cos 2
ax dx =
2
+
4a
x 2 x sin 2ax cos 2ax
17.18.10. ∫ x cos2 ax dx = 4
+
4a
+
8a 2
sin ax sin 3 ax
17.18.11. ∫ cos3 ax dx = a
−
3a
3x sin 2ax sin 4 ax
17.18.12. ∫ cos 4
ax dx =
8
+
4a
+
32a
dx tan ax
17.18.13. ∫ cos 2
ax
=
a
dx sin ax 1 ⎛ π ax ⎞
17.18.14. ∫ cos 3 = +
ax 2a cos 2 ax 2a
ln tan ⎜ + ⎟
⎝4 2 ⎠
sin(a − p) x sin(a + p) x
17.18.15. ∫ cos ax cos px dx = 2(a − p)
+
2(a + p)
(If a = ± p, see 17.18.9.)
dx 1 ax
17.18.16. ∫ 1 − cos ax = − a cot 2
x dx x ax 2 ax
17.18.17. ∫ 1 − cos ax = − a cot + ln sin
2 a2 2
dx 1 ax
17.18.18. ∫ 1 + cos ax = a tan 2
x dx x ax 2 ax
17.18.19. ∫ 1 + cos ax = a tan + ln cos
2 a2 2
dx 1 ax 1 ax
17.18.20. ∫ (1 − cos ax) 2 =−
2a
cot −
2 6a
cot 3
2
dx 1 ax 1 ax
17.18.21. ∫ (1 + cos ax) 2 =
2a
tan +
2 6a
tan 3
2
⎧ 2 1
⎪ tan −1 ( p − q) / ( p + q) tan ax
⎪ a p −q
dx
2 2 2
17.18.22. ∫ =⎨
p + q cos ax ⎪ 1 ⎛ tan 1 ax + (q + p) / (q − p) ⎞
2 (If p = ± q, see 17.18.16
⎪ a q 2 − p2 ⎝ tan 1 ax − (q + p) / (q − p) ⎟⎠
ln ⎜
⎩ 2 and 17.18.18.)
dx q sin ax p dx (If p = ± q see 17.18.19

17.18.23. ∫ ( p + q cos ax ) 2 = −
a(q 2 − p2 )( p + q cos ax ) q 2 − p2 ∫ p + q cos ax and 17.18.20.)
dx 1 p tan ax
17.18.24. ∫p 2 =
+ q 2 cos 2 ax ap p2 + q 2
tan −1
p2 + q 2
⎧ 1 −1 p tan ax
⎪ap p2 − q 2 tan p2 − q 2
dx ⎪
17.18.25. ∫ =
p2 − q 2 cos 2 ax ⎨ 1 ⎛ p tan ax − q 2 − p2 ⎞
⎪ ln
⎪2ap q 2 − p2 ⎜⎝ p tan ax + q 2 − p2 ⎟⎠
⎩
x m sin ax mx m −1 m(m − 1)
17.18.26. ∫ x m cos ax dx = a
+
a2
cos ax −
a2 ∫x m−2
cos ax dx
cos ax cos ax a sin ax

17.18.27. ∫ x n
dx = −
(n − 1) x n −1
−
n −1 ∫ x n −1
dx (Seee 17.17.27.)
sin ax cos n−1 ax n − 1

17.18.28. ∫ cosn ax dx = an
+
n ∫ cos n− 2
ax dx
dx sin ax n−2 dx
17.18.29. ∫ cos n
ax
= +
a(n − 1) cos n−1 ax b − 1 ∫ cos n− 2
ax
x dx x sin ax 1 n−2 x dx
17.18.30. ∫ cos n = − +
ax a(n − 1) cos n−1 ax a 2 (n − 1)(n − 2) cos n− 2 ax n − 1 ∫ cos n− 2
ax
(19) Integrals Involving sin ax and cos ax

sin 2 ax
17.19.1. ∫ sin ax cos ax dx = 2a
cos( p − q) x cos( p + q) x
17.19.2. sin px cos qx dx = − −
2( p − q) 2( p + q)
sin n+1 ax
17.19.3. ∫ sin n ax cos ax dx = (n + 1)a
(If n = −1, see 17.21.1.)
cos n+1 ax
17.19.4. ∫ cos ax sin ax dx = −
n
(n + 1)a
(If n = −1, see 17.20.1.)
x sin 4 ax
17.19.5. ∫ sin 2
ax cos 2 ax dx =
8
−
32a
dx 1
17.19.6. ∫ sin ax cos ax = a ln tan ax
dx 1 ⎛ π ax ⎞ 1
17.19.7. ∫ sin 2 = ln tan ⎜ + ⎟ −
ax cos ax a ⎝ 4 2 ⎠ a sin ax
dx 1 ax 1
17.19.8. ∫ sin ax cos 2
ax
=
a
ln tan +
2 a cos ax
dx 2 cot 2ax
17.19.9. ∫ sin 2
ax cos 2 ax
=−
a
sin 2 ax sin ax 1 ⎛ ax π ⎞
17.19.10. ∫ cos ax dx = − a + a ln tan ⎜⎝ 2 + 4 ⎟⎠
cos 2 ax cos ax 1 ax
17.19.11. ∫ sin ax
dx =
a
+ ln tan
a 2
dx 1 1 ⎛ ax π⎞
17.19.12. ∫ cos ax (1 ± sin ax ) = ∓ 2a(1 ± sin ax ) + 2a ln tan ⎜⎝ 2 + ⎟
4⎠
dx 1 1 ax
17.19.13. ∫ sin ax (1 ± cos ax ) = ± 2a(1 ± cos ax ) + 2a ln tan 2
dx 1 ⎛ ax π ⎞
17.19.14. ∫ sin ax ± cos ax = a 2
ln tan ⎜ ± ⎟
⎝ 2 8⎠
sin ax dx x 1
17.19.15. ∫ sin ax ± cos ax = 2 ∓ 2a ln (sin ax ± cos ax )
cos ax dx x 1
17.19.16. ∫ sin ax ± cos ax = ± 2 + 2a ln (sin ax ± cos ax )
sin ax dx 1
17.19.17. ∫ p + q cos ax = − aq ln ( p + q cos ax)
cos ax dx 1
17.19.18. ∫ p + q sin ax = aq ln ( p + q sin ax)
sin ax dx 1
17.19.19. ∫ ( p + q cos ax ) n =
aq(n − 1)( p + q cos ax )n−1
cos ax dx −1
17.19.20. ∫ ( p + q sin ax) n =
aq(n − 1)( p + q sin ax )n−1
dx 1 ⎛ ax + tan −1 (q / p) ⎞
17.19.21. ∫ =
p sin ax + q cos ax a p2 + q 2
ln tan ⎜
⎝ 2 ⎟⎠
⎧ 2 ⎛ p + (r − q) tan(ax / 2 ) ⎞
⎪ tan −1 ⎜ ⎟
dx ⎪ a r 2 − p2 − q 2 ⎝ r 2 − p2 − q 2 ⎠
17.19.22. ∫ =⎨
p sin ax + q cos ax + r ⎪ 1 ⎛ p − p2 + q 2 − r 2 + (r − q) tan (ax / 2 ) ⎞
⎪ ln ⎜ ⎟
⎩a p + q − r
2 2 2
⎝ p + p2 + q 2 − r 2 + (r − q) tan (ax / 2 ) ⎠
(If r = q see 17.19.23. If r2 = p2 + q2 see 17.19.24.)
dx 1 ⎛ ax ⎞
17.19.23. ∫ p sin ax + q(1 + cos ax ) = ap ln ⎜⎝q + p tan 2 ⎟⎠
dx −1 ⎛ π ax + tan −1 (q / p)⎞
17.19.24. ∫ =
p sin ax + q cos ax ± p2 + q 2 a p2 + q 2
tan ⎜⎝ 4 ∓ 2 ⎟⎠
dx 1 ⎛ p tan ax ⎞
17.19.25. ∫p 2 =
sin 2 ax + q 2 cos 2 ax apq
tan −1 ⎜
⎝ q ⎟⎠
dx 1 ⎛ p tan ax − q⎞
17.19.26. ∫p 2
sin ax − q cos ax
2 2 2 =
2 apq
ln ⎜
⎝ p tan ax + q⎟⎠
⎧ sin m −1 ax cos n+1 ax m − 1

⎪− m+n ∫
+ sin m − 2 ax cos n ax dx
a(m + n)
17.19.27. ∫ sin m
ax cos n
ax dx = ⎨
⎪ sin ax cos ax + n − 1 sin m ax cos n− 2 ax dx
m +1 n −1
⎩ a (m + n ) m+n ∫
⎧ sin m −1 ax m − 1 sin m − 2 ax
⎪ a(n − 1) cos ax n − 1 ∫ cos n− 2 ax dx
n − 1 −
⎪ m−n+2
m
sin ax ⎪ sin m +1 ax sin m ax
17.19.28. ∫ cosn ax dx = ⎨ a(n − 1) cos n−1 ax
−
n −1 ∫ cosn−2 ax dx
⎪
⎪ − sin m −1 ax m − 1 sin m − 2 ax
os ax m − n ∫ cos n ax
+ dx
⎪⎩ a(m − n) co n −1
⎧ − cos m −1 ax m − 1 cos m − 2 ax
⎪ a(n − 1) sin n−1 ax − n − 1 ∫ sin n− 2 ax dx
⎪ − cos m +1 ax m−n+2
cos m ax ⎪ cos m ax
17.19.29. ∫ sin ax
n dx = ⎨ a(n − 1) sin ax
n −1 −
n −1 ∫ sin n−2 ax dx
⎪
⎪ cos m −1 ax m − 1 cos m − 2 ax
⎩⎪ a(m − n) sin ax m − n
n −1 + ∫ sin n ax dx
⎧ 1 m+n−2 dx
dx ⎪ a(n − 1) sin m −1 ax cos n−1 ax + n − 1 ∫ sin ax cos n− 2 ax
m
17.19.30. ∫ sin m ax cosn ax = ⎨ −1 m+n−2 dx
⎪
⎪⎩a(m − 1) sin m −1 ax cos n−1 ax
+
m −1 ∫ sin m−2 ax cosn ax
(20) Integrals Involving tan ax

1 1
17.20.1. ∫ tan ax dx = − a ln cos ax = a ln sec ax
tan ax
17.20.2. ∫ tan 2
ax dx =
a
−x
tan 2 ax 1
17.20.3. ∫ tan3 ax dx = 2a
+ ln cos ax
a
tan n+1 ax
17.20.4. ∫ tan n
ax sec 2 ax dx =
(n + 1)a
sec 2 ax 1
17.20.5. ∫ tan ax
dx = ln tan ax
a
dx 1
17.20.6. ∫ tan ax = a ln sin ax
1 ⎧(ax )3 (ax )5 2(ax )7 22 n (22 n − 1) Bn (ax )2 n+1 ⎫
17.20.7. ∫ x tan ax dx = 2
a ⎩⎨ 3
+
15
+
105
+ +
( 2 n + 1)!
+ ⎬
⎭
tan ax (ax )3 2(ax )5 22 n (22 n − 1) Bn (ax )2 n−1

17.20.8. ∫ x
dx = ax +
9
+
75
++
(2n − 1)(2n)!
+
x tan ax 1 x2
17.20.9. ∫ x tan 2
ax dx =
a
+ 2 ln cos ax −
a 2
dx px q
17.20.10. ∫ p + q tan ax = +
p 2 + q 2 a( p 2 + q 2 )
ln (q sin ax + p cos ax )
tan n −1 ax
17.20.11. ∫ tan n
ax dx =
(n − 1)a ∫
− tan n − 2 ax dx
(21) Integrals Involving cot ax

1
17.21.1. ∫ cot ax dx = a ln sin ax
cot ax
17.21.2. ∫ cot 2
ax dx = −
a
−x
cot 2 ax 1
17.21.3. ∫ cot ax dx = −
3
2a
− ln sin ax
a
cot n+1 ax
17.21.4. ∫ cot n ax csc2 ax dx = − (n + 1)a
csc 2 ax 1
17.21.5. ∫ cot ax
dx = − ln cot ax
a
dx 1
17.21.6. ∫ cot ax = − a ln cos ax
1 ⎪⎧ (ax )3 (ax )5 22 n Bn (ax )2 n+1 ⎪⎫
17.21.7. ∫ x cot ax dx = a2
⎨ax −
⎪⎩ 9
−
225
− −
(2n + 1)!
− ⎬
⎪⎭
cot ax 1 ax (ax )3 22 n Bn (ax )2 n −1

17.21.8. ∫ x
dx = − −
ax 3
−
135
− −
(2n − 1)(2n)!
−
x cot ax 1 x2
17.21.9. ∫ x cot 2
ax dx = −
a
+ 2 ln sin ax −
a 2
dx px q
17.21.10. ∫ p + q cot ax = −
p 2 + q 2 a( p 2 + q 2 )
ln (q sin ax + q cos ax )
cot n −1 ax
17.21.11. ∫ cot n ax dx = − (n − 1)a ∫
− cot n − 2 ax dx
(22) Integrals Involving sec ax

1 1 ⎛ ax π⎞
17.22.1. ∫ sec ax dx = a ln (sec ax + tan ax) = a ln tan ⎜⎝ 2 + ⎟
4⎠
tan ax
17.22.2. ∫ sec ax dx =
2
a
sec ax tan ax 1
17.22.3. ∫ sec ax dx =
3
2a
+
2a
ln (sec ax + tan ax )
sec n ax
17.22.4. ∫ secn ax tan ax dx = na
dx sin ax
17.22.5. ∫ sec ax = a
1 ⎪⎧(ax )2 (ax )4 5(ax )6 E (ax )2 n+ 2 ⎪⎫

17.22.6. ∫ x sec ax dx = a2
⎨
⎪⎩ 2
+
8
+
144
++ n
(2n + 2)(2n)!
+ ⎬
⎪⎭
sec ax (ax )2 5(ax )4 61(ax )6 En (ax )2 n

17.22.7. ∫ x dx = ln x +
4
+
96
+
4320
+ +
2n(2n)!
+
x 1
17.22.8. ∫ x sec ax dx = a tan ax + a
2
2
ln cos ax
dx x p dx
17.22.9. ∫ q + p sec ax = q − q ∫ p + q cos ax
sec n − 2 ax tan ax n − 2
17.22.10. ∫ sec n
ax dx =
a(n − 1)
+
n −1 ∫ sec n−2
ax dx
(23) Integrals Involving csc ax

1 1 ax
17.23.1. ∫ csc ax dx = a ln (csc ax − cot ax) = a ln tan 2
cot ax
17.23.2. ∫ csc ax dx = −
2
a
csc ax cot ax 1 ax
17.23.3. ∫ csc ax dx = −
3
2a
+
2a
ln tan
2
csc n ax
17.23.4. ∫ cscn ax cot ax dx = − na
dx cos ax
17.23.5. ∫ csc ax = − a
1 ⎪⎧ (ax )3 7(ax )5 2(22 n −1 − 1) Bn (ax )2 n+1 ⎪⎫

17.23.6. ∫ x csc ax dx = a2
⎨ax +
⎪⎩ 18
+
1800
++
(2n + 1)!
+ ⎬
⎪⎭
csc ax 1 ax 7(ax )3 2(22 n −1 − 1) Bn (ax )2 n −1

17.23.7. ∫ x
dx = − +
ax 6
+
1080
++
(2n − 1)(2n)!
+
x cot ax 1
17.23.8. ∫ x csc ax dx = −
2
a
+ 2 ln sin ax
a
dx x p dx
17.23.9. ∫ q + p csc ax = q − q ∫ p + q sin ax (See 17.17.22.)
csc n − 2 ax cot ax n − 2
17.23.10. ∫ cscn ax dx = − a(n − 1)
+
n −1 ∫ csc n−2
ax dx
(24) Integrals Involving Inverse Trigonometric Functions

x x
17.24.1. ∫ sin −1
a
dx = x sin −1 + a 2 − x 2
a
x ⎛ x 2 a2 ⎞ x x a2 − x 2
17.24.2. ∫ x sin −1 a
dx = ⎜ − ⎟ sin −1 +
⎝2 4⎠ a 4
x x3 x ( x 2 + 2a 2 ) a 2 − x 2
17.24.3. ∫ x 2 sin −1 a
dx =
3
sin −1 +
a 9
sin −1 ( x /a) x ( x/a)3 1 i 3( x/a)5 1 i 3 i 5( x /a)7

17.24.4. ∫ x
dx = + + +
a 2i 3i 3 2i 4 i 5i 5 2i 4 i 6i 7i 7
+
sin −1 ( x /a) sin −1 ( x/a) 1 ⎛ a + a 2 − x 2 ⎞

17.24.5. ∫ x 2 dx = −
x
− ln ⎜
a ⎝ x ⎟
⎠
2 2
⎛ x⎞ ⎛ x⎞ x
17.24.6. ∫ ⎜⎝sin −1 a⎟⎠
dx = x ⎜sin −1 ⎟ − 2 x + 2 a 2 − x 2 sin −1
⎝ a ⎠ a
x x
17.24.7. ∫ cos −1
a
dx = x cos −1 − a 2 − x 2
a
x ⎛ x 2 a2 ⎞ x x a2 − x 2
17.24.8. ∫ x cos−1 a
dx = ⎜ − ⎟ cos −1 −
⎝2 4⎠ a 4
x x3 x ( x 2 + 2a 2 ) a 2 − x 2
17.24.9. ∫x 2
cos −1
a
dx =
3
cos −1 −
a 9
cos −1 ( x/a) π sin −1 ( x/a)

17.24.10. ∫ x dx =
2
ln x − ∫ x dx (See 17.224.4.)
cos −1 ( x /a) cos −1 ( x/a) 1 ⎛ a + a 2 − x 2 ⎞

17.24.11. ∫ x 2 dx = −
x
+ ln ⎜
a ⎝ x ⎟
⎠
2 2
⎛ x⎞ ⎛ x⎞ x
17.24.12. ∫ ⎜⎝cos−1 a⎟⎠
dx = x ⎜ cos −1 ⎟ − 2 x − 2 a 2 − x 2 cos −1
⎝ a ⎠ a
x x a
17.24.13. ∫ tan −1
a
dx = x tan −1 − ln ( x 2 + a 2 )
a 2
x 1 x ax
17.24.14. ∫ x tan −1
a
dx = ( x 2 + a 2 ) tan −1 −
2 a 2
x x3 x ax 2 a 3
17.24.15. ∫x 2
tan −1
a
dx =
3
tan −1 −
a 6
+ ln ( x 2 + a 2 )
6
tan −1 ( x/a) x ( x/a)3 ( x/a)5 ( x/a)7

17.24.16. ∫ x
dx = −
a 32
+
52
−
72
+
tan −1 ( x/a) 1 x 1 ⎛ x 2 + a2 ⎞
17.24.17. ∫ x 2
dx = − tan −1 −
x
ln
a 2a ⎜⎝ x 2 ⎠⎟
x x a
17.24.18. ∫ cot −1
a
dx = x cot −1 + ln (x 2 + a 2 )
a 2
x 1 x ax
17.24.19. ∫ x cot −1
a
dx = ( x 2 + a 2 ) cot −1
2 a
+
2
x x3 x ax 2 a3
17.24.20. ∫ x 2 cot −1 a
dx =
3
cot −1
a
+
6
−
6
ln ( x 2 + a 2 )
cot −1 ( x/a) π tan −1 ( x /a)

17.24.21. ∫ x dx =
2
ln x − ∫ x dx (See 17.24.16.)
cot −1 ( x/a) cot −1 ( x /a) 1 ⎛ x 2 + a 2 ⎞

17.24.22. ∫ x2 dx =
x
+ ln
2a ⎜⎝ x 2 ⎟⎠
⎧ x x π
x ⎪x sec
−1
− a ln ( x + x 2 − a 2 ) 0 < sec −1 <
17.24.23. ∫ sec −1
a
=
dx ⎨ a
x π
a 2
x
⎪x sec −1 + a ln (x + x 2 − a 2 ) < sec −1 < π
⎩ a 2 a
⎧ x2 a x 2 − a2 x π
−1 x
x ⎪
⎪ sec − 0 < sec −1 <
17.24.24. ∫ x sec −1 a dx = ⎨ x22 a 2
2
− a2 π
a 2
⎪ sec −1 + x a x x
< sec −1 < π
⎪⎩ 2 a 2 2 a
⎧ x3 ax x 2 − a 2 a 3 x π
−1 x
⎪
⎪3 sec − − ln(x + x 2 − a 2 ) 0 < sec −1 <
−1 x
17.24.25. ∫ x sec a dx = ⎨ x 3
2 a 6
2
− 2
6
3
π
a 2
⎪ sec −1 + x ax x a a
+ ln(x + x 2 − a 2 )
x
< sec −1 < π
⎪⎩ 3 a 6 6 2 a
sec −1 ( x/a) π a (a/x )3 1i3(a/x )5 1 i 3 i 5(a/x )7
17.24.26. ∫ x dx =
2
ln x + + + +
x 2 i 3 i 3 2 i 4 i 5i 5 2 i 4 i 6 i 7i 7
+ ⋅⋅⋅
⎧ sec −1 ( x /a) x 2 − a2 x π
⎪− + 0 < sec −1 <
⎪ x ax a 2
−1
sec ( x/a) ⎪
17.24.27. ∫ x 2 dx = ⎨ sec −1 ( x/a) x 2 − a2 π x
⎪− − < sec −1 < π
⎪ x ax 2 a
⎩⎪
⎧ x x π
x ⎪ x csc −1 + a ln ( x + x 2 − a 2 ) 0 < csc −1 <
17.24.28. ∫ csc −1 a dx = ⎨ −1 xa π
a 2
x
⎪x csc − a ln ( x + x 2 − a 2 ) − < csc −1 < 0
⎩ a 2 a
⎧ x2 x a x 2 − a2 x π
⎪⎪ csc −1 + 0 < csc −1 <
−1 x
17.24.29. ∫ x csc a dx = ⎨ x22 a 2
x a x 2 − a2 π
a 2
⎪ csc −1 − − < csc −1
x
<0
⎪⎩ 2 a 2 2 a
⎧x3 x ax x 2 − a 2 a 3 x π
⎪ csc −1 + + ln ( x + x 2 − a 2 ) 0 < csc −1 <
x ⎪ 3 a 6 6 a 2
17.24.30. ∫ x 2 csc −1 a dx = ⎨ 3
⎪x −1 x ax x 2 − a 2 a 3 π x
⎪ csc − − ln ( x + x 2 − a 2 ) − < csc −1 < 0
⎩3 a 6 6 2 a
csc −1 ( x /a) ⎛ a (a /x )3 1 i 3(a /x )5 1 i 3 i 5(a /x )7 ⎞

17.24.31. ∫ x
dx = − ⎜ + +
⎝ x 2i 3 i 3 2i 4 i 5 i 5
+
2i 4 i 6 i 7i 7
+ ⋅⋅⋅ ⎟
⎠
⎧ csc −1 ( x /a) x 2 − a2 x π
⎪− − 0 < csc −1 <
csc −1 ( x /a) ⎪ x ax a 2
17.24.32. ∫ x2 dx = ⎨
⎪ csc −1 ( x /a) x 2 − a2 π x
⎪− + − < csc −1 < 0
⎩ x ax 2 a
x x m +1 x 1 x m +1
17.24.33. ∫ x m sin −1 a
dx =
m +1
sin −1 −
a m +1 ∫ a2 − x 2
dx
x x m +1 x 1 x m +1
17.24.34. ∫x m
cos −1
a
dx =
m +1
cos −1 +
a m +1 ∫ a2 − x 2
dx
x x m +1 x a x m +1
17.24.35. ∫x m
tan −1
a
dx =
m +1
tan −1 −
a m +1 ∫ x + a2
2
dx
x x m +1 x a x m +1
17.24.36. ∫x m
cot −1
a
dx =
m +1
cot −1 +
a m +1 ∫ x + a2
2
dx
⎧ x m +1 sec −1 ( x/a) a x m dx x π
⎪ m +1
−
m +1 ∫ x −a
2 2
0 < sec −1 <
a 2
x ⎪
17.24.37. ∫ x m sec −1 a dx = ⎨ x m+1 sec −1 ( x/a) a π
⎪ x m dx x
⎪
⎩ m +1
+
m +1 ∫ x −a
2 2 2
< sec −1 < π
a
⎧ x m +1 sec −1 ( x /a) a x m dx x π
⎪ m +1
+
m +1 ∫ x −a
2 2
0 < csc −1
a
<
2
x ⎪
17.24.38. ∫ x m csc −1 a dx = ⎨ x m+1 csc −1 ( x /a) a π
⎪ x m dx x
⎪
⎩ m +1
−
m +1 ∫ x −a
2 2
−
2
< csc −1 < 0
a
(25) Integrals Involving eax

e ax
17.25.1. ∫e ax
dx =
a
e ax ⎛ 1⎞
17.25.2. ∫ xeax dx = a ⎜⎝ x − a ⎟⎠
e ax ⎛ 2 2 x 2 ⎞
17.25.3. ∫x e 2 ax
dx =
a ⎜⎝
x − +
a a 2 ⎟⎠
x n e ax n
17.25.4. ∫ x neax dx = a
−
a ∫x n −1 ax
e dx
e ax ⎛ n nx n−1 n(n − 1) x n− 2 (−1)n n !⎞

= ⎜⎝ − + − ⋅⋅⋅ if n = positivee integer
a n ⎟⎠
x
a a a2
e ax ax (ax )2 (ax )3
17.25.5. ∫ x dx = ln x + + +
1 i 1! 2 i 2! 3 i3!
+ ⋅⋅⋅
e ax −e ax a e ax
17.25.6. ∫x n dx =
(n − 1) x n−1
+
n −1 ∫x n −1 dx
dx x 1
17.25.7. ∫ p + qe ax
= −
p ap
ln (p + qe ax )
dx x 1 1
17.25.8. ∫ ( p + qe ax )2
= 2 +
p
−
ap( p + qe ax ) ap2
ln (p + qe ax )
⎧ 1 ⎛ p ax ⎞
⎪ tan −1 ⎜ e
dx ⎪⎪a pq ⎝ q ⎟⎠
17.25.9. ∫ pe ax
+ qe − ax
=⎨
⎪ 1 ⎛ e ax − − q /p ⎞
⎪ ln ⎜ ax ⎟
⎪⎩2a − pq ⎝ e + − q /p ⎠
e ax (a sin bx − b cos bx )
17.25.10. ∫e ax
sin bx dx =
a2 + b2
e ax (a cos bx + b sin bx )
17.25.11. ∫e ax
cos bx dx =
a2 + b2
xe ax (a sin bx − b cos bx ) e ax {(a 2 − b 2 ) sin bx − 2ab cos bx}
17.25.12. ∫ xe ax
sin bx dx =
a2 + b2
−
(a 2 + b 2 ) 2
xe ax (a cos bx + b sin bx ) e ax {(a 2 − b 2 ) cos bx + 2ab sin bx}
17.25.13. ∫ xe ax
cos bx dx =
a2 + b2
−
(a 2 + b 2 ) 2
e ax ln x 1 e ax
17.25.14. ∫ eax ln x dx = a
−
a ∫ x dx
e ax sin n−1 bx n(n − 1)b 2 ax n− 2
17.25.15. ∫ eax sin n bx dx = a2 + n2b2
( a sin bx − nb cos bx ) +
a2 + n2b2 ∫
e sin bx dx
e ax cos n−1 bx n(n − 1)b 2 ax

17.25.16. ∫ eax cosn bx dx = a +n b
2 2 2
a + n2b2 ∫
(a cos bx + nb sin bx ) + 2 e cos n− 2 bx dx
(26) Integrals Involving ln x

17.26.1. ∫ ln x dx = x ln x − x
x2 ⎛ 1⎞
17.26.2. ∫ x ln x dx = 2
⎜⎝ ln x − ⎟⎠
2
x m +1 ⎛ 1 ⎞
17.26.3. ∫x m
ln x dx =
m + 1 ⎜⎝
ln x −
m + 1⎟⎠
( If m = −1, see 17.26.4.)
ln x 1
17.26.4.
∫ x
dx = ln 2 x
2
ln x ln x 1
17.26.5. ∫ x 2 dx = −
x
−
x
17.26.6. ∫ ln 2
x dx = x ln 2 x − 2 x ln x + 2 x
ln n x dx ln n+1 x
17.26.7. ∫ x = n +1 (If n = −1, see 17.26.8.)
dx
17.26.8. ∫ x ln x
= ln (ln x )
dx ln 2 x ln 3 x
17.26.9. ∫ ln x
= ln (ln x ) + ln x + +
2 i 2 ! 3 i 3!
+ ⋅⋅⋅
x m dx (m + 1)2 ln 2 x (m + 1)3 ln 3 x
17.26.10. ∫ ln x
= ln (ln x ) + (m + 1) ln x +
2 i 2!
+
3 i 3!
+ ⋅⋅⋅
17.26.11.
∫ ln x dx = x ln
n n
x−n ∫ ln n −1
x dx
x m +1 ln n x n
17.26.12. ∫x m
ln n x dx =
m +1
−
m +1 ∫x m
ln n −1 xdx
If m = –1, see 17.26.7.
x
17.26.13. ∫ ln (x 2
+ a 2 ) dx = x ln (x 2 + a 2 ) − 2 x + 2a tan −1
a
⎛ x + a⎞
17.26.14. ∫ ln ( x 2
− a 2 ) dx = x ln ( x 2 − a 2 ) − 2 x + a ln ⎜
⎝ x − a ⎟⎠
x m +1 ln ( x 2 ± a 2 ) 2 x m+2
17.26.15. ∫ x m ln (x 2 ± a 2 ) dx =
m +1
−
m +1 ∫ x ± a2
2 dx
(27) Integrals Involving sinh ax

cosh ax
17.27.1. ∫ sinh ax dx = a
x cosh ax sinh ax
17.27.2. ∫ x sinh ax dx = a
−
a2
⎛ x2 2⎞ 2x
17.27.3. ∫ x 2
sinh ax dx = ⎜⎝ a + a 3 ⎟⎠ cosh ax − a 2 sinh ax
sinh ax (ax )3 (ax )5

17.27.4. ∫ x
dx = ax +
3 i3!
+
5 i5!
+ ⋅⋅⋅
sinh ax sinh ax cosh ax

17.27.5. ∫ x2
dx = −
x
+a ∫ x
dx (See 17.28.4.)
dx 1 ax
17.27.6. ∫ sinh ax =
a
ln tanh
2
x dx 1 ⎧ (ax )3 7(ax )5 2(−1)n (22 n − 1) Bn (ax )2 n+1 ⎫

17.27.7. ∫ sinh ax a 2 ⎩
= ⎨ax −
18
+
1800
− ⋅⋅⋅ +
(2n + 1)!
+ ⋅⋅⋅⎬
⎭
sinh ax cosh ax x
17.27.8. ∫ sinh 2
ax dx =
2a
−
2
x sinh 2ax cosh 2ax x 2

17.27.9. ∫ x sinh 2
ax dx =
4a
−
8a 2
−
4
dx coth ax
17.27.10. ∫ sinh 2
ax
=−
a
sinh (a + p) x sinh (a − p) x
17.27.11. ∫ sinh ax sinh px dx = 2(a + p)
−
2(a − p)
For a = ± p see 17.27.8.
x m cosh ax m m −1
17.27.12. ∫x m
sinh ax dx =
a
−
a ∫
x cosh ax dx (See 17.28.12.)
sinh n−1 ax cosh ax n −1

17.27.13. ∫ sinh n ax dx = an
−
n ∫ sinh n− 2
ax dx
sinh ax − sinh ax a cosh ax

17.27.14.
∫ xn
dx =
(n − 1) x n −1
+
n −1 ∫ x n −1
dx (See 17.28.14.)
dx − cosh ax n−2 dx
17.27.15. ∫ n
sinh ax
=
a(n − 1) sinh ax
n −1
−
n −1 ∫ sinh n−2
ax
x dx − x cosh ax 1 n−2 x dx
17.27.16. ∫ sinh n
= − 2 −
ax a(n − 1)sinh ax a (n − 1)(n − 2)sinh ax n − 1
n −1 n−2 ∫ sinh n−2
ax
(28) Integrals Involving cosh ax

sinh ax
17.28.1. ∫ cosh ax dx = a
x sinh ax cosh ax
17.28.2. ∫ x cosh ax dx = a
−
a2
2 x cosh ax ⎛ x 2 2⎞
17.28.3. ∫ x 2 cosh ax dx = − a 2
+⎜
⎝a a ⎠
+ 3 ⎟ sinh ax
cosh ax (ax )2 (ax )4 (ax )6

17.28.4. ∫ x dx = ln x + + +
2 i 2! 4 i 4 ! 6 i 6!
+ ⋅⋅⋅
cosh ax cosh ax sinh ax

17.28.5. ∫ x2
dx = −
x
+a ∫ x
dx (See 17.27.4.)
dx 2
17.28.6. ∫ cosh ax =
a
tan −1 e ax
x dx 1 ⎧(ax )2 (ax )4 5(ax )6 (−1)n En (ax )2 n+ 2 ⎫

17.28.7. ∫ = 2 ⎨
cosh ax a ⎩ 2
−
8
+
144
+ ⋅⋅⋅ +
(2n + 2)(2n)!
+ ⋅⋅⋅⎬
⎭
x sinh ax cosh ax
17.28.8. ∫ cosh 2
ax dx =
2
+
2a
x 2 x sinh 2ax cosh 2ax

17.28.9. ∫ x cosh 2 ax dx = 4
+
4a
−
8a 2
dx tanh ax
17.28.10. ∫ cosh 2
ax
=
a
sinh (a − p) x sinh (a + p) x
17.28.11. ∫ cosh ax cosh px dx = 2(a − p)
+
2(a + p)
x m sinh ax m m −1
17.28.12. ∫x m
cosh ax dx =
a
−
a ∫
x sinh ax dx (See 17.27.12.)
cosh n −1 ax sinh ax n −1
17.28.13. ∫ cosh n
ax dx =
an
+
n ∫ cosh n−2
ax dx
cosh ax − cosh ax a sinh ax

17.28.14. ∫ xn
dx =
(n − 1) x n −1
+
n −1 ∫ x n −1
dx (See 17.27.14.)
dx sinh ax n−2 dx
17.28.15. ∫ n
cosh ax
=
a(n − 1) cosh ax
n −1
+
n −1 ∫ cosh n−2
ax
x dx x sinh ax 1 n−2 x dx
17.28.16. ∫ n
cosh ax
= n −1
+ 2 n−2
+
a(n − 1) cosh ax (n − 1) (n − 2)a cosh ax n − 1 ∫ cosh n−2
ax
(29) Integrals Involving sinh ax and cosh ax

sinh 2 ax
17.29.1. ∫ sinh ax cosh ax dx = 2a
cosh ( p + q) x cosh ( p − q) x
17.29.2. ∫ sinh px cosh qx dx = 2( p + q)
+
2( p − q)
sinh 4 ax x
17.29.3. ∫ sinh 2
ax cosh 2 ax dx =
32a
−
8
dx 1
17.29.4. ∫ sinh ax cosh ax =
a
ln tanh ax
dx 2 coth 2ax
17.29.5. ∫ sinh 2
ax cosh 2 ax
=−
a
sinh 2 ax sinh ax 1 −1
17.29.6. ∫ cosh ax dx = a a
tan sinh ax
cosh 2 ax cosh ax 1 ax
17.29.7. ∫ sinh ax
dx =
a
+ ln tanh
a 2
(30) Integrals Involving tanh ax

1
17.30.1. ∫ tanh ax dx =
a
ln cosh ax
tanh ax
17.30.2. ∫ tanh 2
ax dx = x −
a
1 tanh 2 ax
17.30.3. ∫ tanh3 ax dx = a
ln cosh ax −
2a
1 ⎧⎪ (ax )3 (ax )5 2(ax )7 (−1)n −1 22 n (22 n − 1) Bn (ax )2 n+1 ⎫⎪

17.30.4. ∫ x tanh ax dx = a 2 ⎨
− + − ⋅⋅⋅
(2n + 1)!
+ ⋅⋅⋅⎬
⎩⎪ 3 15 105 ⎪⎭
2
x x tanh ax 1
17.30.5. ∫ x tanh 2 ax dx = 2 − a + a 2 ln cosh ax
tanh ax (ax )3 2(ax )5 (−1)n −1 22 n (22 n − 1) Bn (ax )2 n −1
17.30.6. ∫ x
dx = ax −
9
+
75
− ⋅⋅⋅
(2n − 1)(2n)!
+ ⋅⋅⋅
dx px q
17.30.7. ∫ p + q tanh ax = −
p 2 − q 2 a( p 2 − q 2 )
ln (q sinh ax + p cosh ax )
− tanh n−1 ax
17.30.8. ∫ tanh n ax dx = a(a − 1)
+ ∫ tanh n− 2 ax dx
(31) Integrals Involving coth ax

1
17.31.1. ∫ coth ax dx = a
ln sinh ax
coth ax
17.31.2. ∫ coth 2
ax dx = x −
a
1 coth 2 ax
17.31.3. ∫ coth3 ax dx = a
ln sinh ax −
2a
1 ⎧ (ax )3 (ax )5 (−1)n−1 22 n Bn (ax )2 n+1 ⎫

17.31.4. ∫ x coth ax dx = 2 ⎨ax +
a ⎩ 9
−
225
+ ⋅⋅⋅
(2n + 1)!
+ ⋅⋅⋅⎬
⎭
x 2 x coth ax 1
17.31.5. ∫ x coth 2
ax dx =
2
−
a
+ 2 ln sinh ax
a
coth ax 1 ax (ax )3 (−1)n 22 n Bn (ax )2 n−1

17.31.6. ∫ x
dx = − +
ax 3
−
135
+ ⋅⋅⋅
(2n − 1)(2n)!
+ ⋅⋅⋅
dx px q
17.31.7. ∫ p + q coth ax = −
p 2 − q 2 a( p 2 − q 2 )
ln ( p sinh ax + q cosh ax )
coth n−1 ax
17.31.8. ∫ coth n ax dx = − a(n − 1)
+ ∫ coth n− 2
ax dx
(32) Integrals Involving sech ax

2
17.32.1. ∫ sech ax dx = a tan −1
e ax
tanh ax
17.32.2. ∫ sech 2
ax dx =
a
sech ax tanh ax 1
17.32.3. ∫ sech 3
ax dx =
2a
+
2a
tan −1 sinh ax
1 ⎧ (ax )2 (ax )4 5(ax )6 (−1)n En (ax )2 n+ 2 ⎫

17.32.4. ∫ x sech ax dx = 2 ⎨
a ⎩ 2
−
8
+
144
+ ⋅⋅⋅
(2n + 2)(2n)!
+ ⋅⋅⋅⎬
⎭
x tanh ax 1
17.32.5. ∫ x sech 2
ax dx =
a
− 2 ln cosh ax
a
sech ax (ax )2 5(ax )4 61(ax )6 (−1)n En (ax )2 n

17.32.6. ∫ x
dx = ln x −
4
+
96
−
4320
+ ⋅⋅⋅
2n(2n)!
+ ⋅⋅⋅
sech n− 2 ax tanh ax n − 2
17.32.7. ∫ sech n ax dx = a(n − 1)
+
n −1 ∫ sech n− 2
ax dx
(33) Integrals Involving csch ax

1 ax
17.33.1. ∫ csch ax dx = a ln tanh 2
coth ax
17.33.2. ∫ csch 2
ax dx = −
a
csch ax coth ax 1 ax
17.33.3. ∫ csch 3
ax dx = −
2a
−
2a
ln tanh
2
1 ⎧ (ax )3 7(ax )5 2(−1)n (22 n−1 − 1) Bn (ax )2 n+1 ⎫

17.33.4. ∫ x csch ax dx = a 2 ⎨ ax −
⎩ 18
+
1800
+ ⋅⋅⋅ +
( 2 n + 1)!
+ ⋅⋅⋅⎬
⎭
x coth ax 1
17.33.5. ∫ x csch 2
ax dx = −
a
+ 2 ln sinh ax
a
csch ax 1 ax 7(ax )3 (−1)n 2(22 n−1 − 1) Bn (ax )2 n−1

17.33.6. ∫ x
dx = −
ax
−
6
+
1080
+ ⋅⋅⋅
(2n − 1) (2n)!
+ ⋅⋅⋅
− csch n− 2 ax coth ax n − 2
17.33.7. ∫ csch n
ax dx =
a(n − 1)
−
n −1 ∫ csch n− 2
ax dx
(34) Integrals Involving Inverse Hyperbolic Functions

x x
17.34.1. ∫ sinh −1
a
dx = x sinh −1 − x 2 + a 2
a
x ⎛ x 2 a2 ⎞ x x 2 + a2
17.34.2. ∫ x sinh −1
a
dx = ⎜ + ⎟ sinh −1 − x
⎝2 4⎠ a 4
⎧ x ( x /a)3 1 i 3( x /a)5 1 i 3 i 5( x /a)7

⎪ a − 2 i3 i3 + 2 i 4 i 5 i 5 − 2 i 4 i 6 i 7i7 + ⋅⋅⋅ |x| < a
⎪
sinh −1 ( x /a) ⎪⎪ ln 2 (2 x /a) (a /x )2 1 i 3(a /x )4 1 i3 i5(a /x )6
17.34.3. ∫ x
dx = ⎨
2
− + −
2i2i2 2 i 4 i 4 i 4 2i 4 i 6 i 6 i 6
+ ⋅⋅⋅ x>a
⎪
⎪
⎪− ln (−2 x /a) + (a /x ) − 1 i 3(a /x ) + 1 i3 i5(a /x ) − ⋅⋅⋅
2 2 4 6
x < −a
⎪⎩ 2 2i2i2 2 i 4 i 4 i 4 2i 4 i 6 i 6 i 6
⎧x cosh −1 ( x /a) − x 2 − a 2 , cosh −1 ( x /a) > 0

x ⎪
17.34.4. ∫ cosh a dx = ⎨
−1
⎩⎪x cosh ( x /a) + x − a , cosh ( x /a) < 0

−1 2 2 −1
⎧1 1
⎪ (2 x 2 − a 2 ) cosh −1 ( x /a) − x x 2 − a 2 , cosh −1 ( x /a) > 0
x ⎪ 4 4
17.34.5. ∫ x cosh −1 a dx = ⎨1
⎪ (2 x 2 − a 2 ) cosh −1 ( x /a) + 1 x x 2 − a 2 , cosh −1 ( x /a) < 0
⎪⎩4 4
cosh −1 ( x /a) ⎡1 2 (a /x )2 1 i 3(a /x )4 1 i 3 i 5(a /x )6 ⎤
∫ x
dx = ± ⎢⎣ 2 ln ( 2 x /a ) + + +
2i2i2 2i4i4i4 2i4i6i6i6
+ ⋅⋅⋅⎥
⎦
17.34.6.
+ if cosh −1 ( x /a) > 0, − if cosh −1 ( x /a) < 0
x x a
17.34.7. ∫ tanh −1
a
dx = x tanh −1 + ln (a 2 − x 2 )
a 2
x ax 1 2 x
17.34.8. ∫ x tanh −1
a
dx = + ( x − a 2 ) tanh −1
2 2 a
tanh −1 ( x /a) x ( x /a)3 ( x /a)5
17.34.9. ∫ x
dx = +
a 32
+
52
+ ⋅⋅⋅
x a
17.34.10. ∫ coth −1
a
dx = x coth −1 x + ln ( x 2 − a 2 )
2
x ax 1 2 x
17.34.11. ∫ x coth −1
a
dx = + ( x − a 2 ) coth −1
2 2 a
coth −1 ( x /a) ⎛ a (a /x )3 (a /x )5 ⎞
17.34.12. ∫ x
dx = − ⎜⎝ x + 32 + 52 + ⋅⋅⋅⎟⎠
⎪⎧x sech ( x /a) + a sin ( x /a), sech ( x /a) > 0

−1 −1 −1
x
17.34.13. ∫ sech a dx = ⎨⎪x sech −1 ( x /a) − a sin −1 ( x /a), sech −1 ( x /a) < 0
−1
x x x
17.34.14. ∫ csch −1
a
dx = x csch −1 ± a sinh −1
a a
(+ if x > 0, − if x < 0)
x x m +1 x 1 x m +1
17.34.15. ∫ x m sinh −1 a
dx =
m +1
sinh −1 −
a m +1 ∫ x 2 + a2
dx
⎧ x m +1 x 1 x m +1
⎪ m + 1 cosh
−1
−
a m +1 ∫ x 2 − a2
dx cosh −1 ( x /a) > 0
x ⎪
17.34.16. ∫ x m cosh −1 a dx = ⎨ x m+1 x m +1
⎪ x 1
⎪ m + 1 cosh
⎩
−1
+
a m +1 ∫ x −a
2 2
dx cosh −1 ( x /a) < 0
x x m +1 x a x m +1
17.34.17. ∫ x m tanh −1 a
dx =
m +1
tanh −1 −
a m +1 ∫ a 2 − x 2 dx
x x m +1 x 1 x m +1
17.34.18. ∫x m
coth −1
a
dx =
m +1
coth −1 −
a m +1 ∫a 2
− x2
dx
⎧ x m +1 x a x m dx
⎪ m + 1 sech
−1
+
a m +1 ∫ a −x
2 2
sech −1 ( x /a) > 0
x ⎪
17.34.19. ∫ x m sech −1 a dx = ⎨ x m+1
⎪ x 1 x m dx
⎪ m + 1 sech
⎩
−1
−
a m +1 ∫ a2 − x 2
sech −1 ( x /a) < 0
x x m +1 x a x m dx
17.34.20. ∫ x m csch −1 a
dx =
m +1
csch −1 ±
a m +1 ∫ x 2 + a2
(+ if x > 0, − if x < 0)
18 DEFINITE INTEGRALS
Definition of a Definite Integral

Let f(x) be defined in an interval a x b. Divide the interval into n equal parts of length x = (b − a)/n. Then
the definite integral of f(x) between x = a and x = b is defined as
b
18.1. ∫ a
f ( x ) dx = lim{ f (a) Δx + f (a + Δx ) Δx + f (a + 2Δx ) Δx + + f (a + (n − 1) Δx ) Δx}
n→∞
The limit will certainly exist if f(x) is piecewise continuous.

d
If f ( x ) = g( x ), then by the fundamental theorem of the integral calculus the above definite integral can
dx
be evaluated by using the result
b b d b
18.2. ∫ a
f ( x ) dx = ∫
a dx
g( x ) dx = g( x ) = g(b) − g(a)
a
If the interval is infinite or if f(x) has a singularity at some point in the interval, the definite integral is called
an improper integral and can be defined by using appropriate limiting procedures. For example,
∞ b
18.3. ∫ a
f ( x ) dx = lim ∫ f ( x ) dx
b→∞ a
∞ b
18.4. ∫ −∞
f ( x ) dx = lim ∫ f ( x ) dx
a→−∞ a
b→∞
b b −∈
18.5. ∫ a
f ( x ) dx = lim ∫
∈→ 0 α
f ( x ) dx if b is a singular point..
b b
18.6. ∫ a
f ( x ) dx = lim ∫
∈→ 0 a +∈
f ( x ) dx if a is a singulaar point.
General Formulas Involving Definite Integrals

b b b b
18.7. ∫ a
{ f ( x ) ± g( x ) ± h( x ) ± } dx = ∫ a
f ( x ) dx ± ∫ a
g( x ) dx ± ∫ h( x ) dx ±
a
b b
18.8. ∫ a
cf ( x ) dx = c ∫ f ( x ) dx where c is any constant.
a
a
18.9. ∫ a
f ( x ) dx = 0
b a
18.10. ∫ a
f ( x ) dx = − ∫ f ( x ) dx
b
b c b
18.11. ∫ a
f ( x ) dx = ∫ f ( x ) dx + ∫ f ( x ) dx
a c
108
DEFINITE INTEGRALS 109
b
18.12. ∫ a
f ( x ) dx = (b − a) f (c) where c is between a and b.
This is called the mean value theorem for definite integrals and is valid if f(x) is continuous in
a x b.
b b
18.13. ∫ a
f ( x ) g( x ) dx = f (c) ∫ g( x ) dx
a
where c is between a and b
This is a generalization of 18.12 and is valid if f(x) and g(x) are continuous in a x b and g(x) 0.
Leibnitz’s Rules for Differentiation of Integrals

d φ 2 (α ) φ 2 (α ) ∂F dφ dφ
18.14.
dα ∫φ 1 (α )
F ( x , α ) dx = ∫
φ 1(α ) dα
dx + F (φ2 , α ) 2 − F (φ1 , α ) 1
dα dα
Approximate Formulas for Definite Integrals

In the following the interval from x = a to x = b is subdivided into n equal parts by the points
a = x0, x1, x2, …, xn–1, xn = b and we let y0 = f(x0), y1 = f(x1), y2 = f(x2), …, yn = f(xn), h = (b – a)/n.
Rectangular formula:
b
18.15. ∫ a
f ( x ) dx ≈ h( y0 + y1 + y2 + + yn−1 )
Trapezoidal formula:
b h
18.16. ∫ a
f ( x ) dx ≈ ( y + 2 y1 + 2 y2 + + 2 yn−1 + yn )
2 0
Simpson’s formula (or parabolic formula) for n even:

b h
18.17. ∫ a
f ( x ) dx ≈ ( y + 4 y1 + 2 y2 + 4 y3 + + 2 yn− 2 + 4 yn−1 + yn )
3 0
Definite Integrals Involving Rational or Irrational Expressions

∞ dx π
18.18. ∫ 0
=
x 2 + a 2 2a
∞ x p−1dx π
18.19. ∫ 0 1+ x
=
sin pπ
, 0 < p<1
∞ x m dx π a m+1− n
18.20. ∫ 0
=
x n + a n n sin[(m + 1)π /n]
, 0 < m +1< n
∞ x m dx π sin mβ
18.21. ∫ 0 1 + 2 x cos β + x 2
=
sin mπ sin β
a dx π
18.22. ∫ 0 a −x22
=
2
a π a2
18.23. ∫ 0
a 2 − x 2 dx =
4
a a m +1+ np Γ [(m + 1)/n] Γ ( p + 1)

18.24. ∫ 0
x m (a n − x n ) p dx =
nΓ [(m + 1)/n + p + 1]
∞ x m dx (−1)r −1 π a m +1− nr Γ [(m + 1)/n]
18.25. ∫ 0
=
( x n + a n )r n sin[(m + 1)π /n](r − 1)! Γ[(m + 1) /n − r + 1]
, 0 < m + 1 < nr
Definite Integrals Involving Trigonometric Functions

All letters are considered positive unless otherwise indicated.
π ⎪⎧ 0 m, n integers and m ≠ n
18.26. ∫ 0
sin mx sin nx dx = ⎨
⎪⎩π /2 m, n integers and m = n
π ⎧⎪ 0 m, n integers and m ≠ n
18.27. ∫ cos mx cos nx dx = ⎨
⎩⎪π /2 m, n in
ntegers and m = n
0
π ⎧⎪ 0 m, n integers and m + n even

18.28. ∫ 0
sin mx cos nx dx = ⎨
⎪⎩2m/ (m 2 − n 2 ) m, n integers and m + n odd
π /2 π /2 π
18.29. ∫ 0
sin 2 x dx = ∫ 0
cos 2 x dx =
4
π /2 π /2 1 i 3 i 5 2 m − 1 π
18.30. ∫ 0
sin 2 m x dx = ∫ 0
cos 2 m x dx =
2 i 4 i 6 2m 2
, m = 1, 2,…
π /2 π /2 2 i 4 i 6 2m
18.31. ∫ 0
sin 2 m +1 x dx = ∫ 0
cos 2 m +1 x dx =
1 i 3 i 5 2 m + 1
, m = 1, 2,…
π /2 Γ ( p) Γ (q)
18.32. ∫ 0
sin 2p−1 x cos 2 q−1 x dx =
2Γ ( p + q)
⎧ π /2 p > 0
∞ sin px ⎪⎪
18.33. ∫ 0 x
dx = ⎨ 0 p = 0
⎪
⎪⎩−π /2 p < 0
⎧ 0 p>q>0
∞ sin px cos qx ⎪⎪
18.34. ∫ 0 x
dx = ⎨π /2 0< p<q
⎪
⎩⎪π /4 p=q>0
∞ sin px sin qx ⎧⎪π p/2 0 < pq

18.35. ∫ 0 x 2 dx = ⎨
⎪⎩π q/2 pq > 0
∞ sin 2 px πp
18.36. ∫ 0 x2
dx =
2
∞ 1 − cos px πp
18.37. ∫ 0 x2
dx =
2
∞ cos px − cos qx q
18.38. ∫ 0 x
dx = ln
p
∞ cos px − cos qx π (q − p)
18.39. ∫ 0 x 2 dx =
2
∞ cos mx π − ma
18.40. ∫ 0 x +a
2 2 dx =
2 a
e
∞ x sin mx π − ma
18.41. ∫ 0 x +a
2 2 dx =
2
e
∞ sin mx π
18.42. ∫ 0 x(x 2 + a2 )
dx = 2 (1 − e − ma )
2a
2π dx 2π
18.43. ∫ 0 a + b sin x
=
a2 − b2
2π dx 2π
18.44. ∫ 0 a + b cos x
=
a2 − b2
π /2 dx cos −1 (b / a)
18.45. ∫ 0 a + b cos x
=
a2 − b2
2π dx 2π dx 2π a
18.46. ∫ 0 (a + b sin x )2
= ∫ 0
=
(a + b cos x )2 (a 2 − b 2 )3/2
2π dx 2π
18.47. ∫ 0
=
1 − 2a cos x + a 2 1 − a 2
, 0 < a <1
π x sin x dx ⎧⎪(π /a) ln (1 + a), a <1

18.48. ∫ 0
=
1 − 2a cos x + a 2 ⎨π ln (1 + 1/a),
⎪⎩ a >1
π cos mx dx π am
18.49. ∫ 0 1 − 2a cos x + a 2 =
1 − a2
, a 2 < 1, m = 0, 1, 2,…
∞ ∞ 1 π
18.50. ∫ 0
sin ax 2 dx = ∫ 0
cos ax 2 dx =
2 2a
∞ 1 π
18.51. ∫ 0
sin ax n dx =
na1/n
Γ (1/n) sin ,
2n
n >1
∞ 1 π
18.52. ∫ 0
cos ax n dx =
na1/n
Γ (1/n) cos ,
2n
n >1
∞ sin x ∞ cos x π
18.53. ∫ 0 x
dx = ∫ 0 x
dx =
2
∞ sin x π
18.54. ∫ 0 xp
dx =
2Γ ( p) sin ( pπ /2)
, 0 < p<1
∞ cos x π
18.55. ∫ 0 xp
dx =
2Γ ( p) cos ( pπ /2)
, 0 < p<1
∞ 1 π ⎛ b2 b2 ⎞
18.56. ∫ 0
sin ax 2 cos 2bx dx =
2 2a ⎜⎝ cos
a
− sin
a ⎟⎠
∞ 1 π ⎛ b2 b2 ⎞
18.57. ∫ 0
cos ax 2 cos 2bx dx =
2 2a ⎜⎝ cos
a
+ sin
a ⎟⎠
∞ sin 3 x 3π
18.58. ∫ 0 x3
dx =
8
∞ sin 4 x π
18.59. ∫ 0 x4
dx =
3
∞ tan x π
18.60. ∫ 0 x
dx =
2
π /2 dx π
18.61. ∫ 0
=
1 + tan m x 4
18.62. ∫
π /2
0
x
sin x
1 1
{ 1 1
dx = 2 2 − 2 + 2 − 2 +
1 3 5 7 }
1 tan −1 x 1 1 1 1
18.63. ∫ 0 x
dx = 2 − 2 + 2 − 2 +
1 3 5 7
1 sin −1 x π
18.64. ∫ 0 x
dx = ln 2
2
1 1 − cos x ∞ cos x
18.65. ∫ 0 x
dx − ∫
1 x
dx = γ
∞ ⎛ 1 ⎞ dx
18.66. ∫ 0 ⎜⎝ 1 + x 2 − cos x⎟⎠ x = γ
∞ tan −1 px − tan −1 qx π p
18.67. ∫ 0 x
dx = ln
2 q
Definite Integrals Involving Exponential Functions

Some integrals contain Euler’s constant g = 0.5772156 . . . (see 1.3, page 3).
∞ a
18.68. ∫ e − ax cos bx dx = 2
0 a + b2
∞ b
18.69. ∫ 0
e − ax sin bx dx =
a2 + b2
∞ − ax
e sin bx b
18.70. ∫ 0 x
dx = tan −1
a
∞ − ax
e − e − bx b
18.71. ∫ 0 x
dx = ln
a
∞ 1 π
∫ e − ax dx =
2
18.72.
0 2 a
∞ 1 π − b /4 a
∫ e − ax cos bx dx =
2 2
18.73. e
0 2 a
∞ 1 π ( b − 4 ac )/4 a b
∫ e − ( ax + bx +c ) dx =
2 2
18.74. e erfc
0 2 a 2 a
2 ∞
where erfc (p) = ∫ e − x dx
2
π p
∞ π ( b − 4 ac )/4 a
∫ e − ( ax + bx +c ) dx =
2 2
18.75. e
−∞ a
∞ Γ(n + 1)
18.76. ∫ 0
x n e − ax dx =
a n+1
∞ Γ[(m + 1)/2]
∫ x m e − ax dx =
2
18.77. 0 2a ( m +1)/2
∞ 1 π −2
∫ e − ( ax + b/x ) dx =
2 2
ab
18.78. e
0 2 a
∞ x dx 1 1 1 1 π2
18.79. ∫ 0
= + + +
e x − 1 12 22 32 4 2
+ =
6
∞ x n−1 ⎛1 1 1 ⎞
18.80. ∫ 0 ex − 1
dx = Γ(n) ⎜ n + n + n + ⎟
⎝1 2 3 ⎠
For even n this can be summed in terms of Bernoulli numbers (see pages 142–143).
∞ x dx 1 1 1 1 π2
18.81. ∫ 0 e +1 1
x = 2 − 2 + 2 − 2 + =
2 3 4 12
∞ x n−1 ⎛1 1 1 ⎞
18.82. ∫ 0 e +1
x dx = Γ(n) ⎜ n − n + n − ⎟
⎝1 2 3 ⎠
For some positive integer values of n the series can be summed (see 23.10).
∞ sin mx 1 m 1
18.83. ∫ 0 e 2π x − 1
dx = coth −
4 2 2m
∞ ⎛ 1 − x ⎞ dx
18.84. ∫ 0
⎜⎝ 1 + x − e ⎟⎠ x = γ
∞ −x − e− x
2
e
18.85. ∫ 0 x
dx = 12 γ
⎛ 1
∞ e− x ⎞
18.86. ∫0 ⎜⎝ e x − 1 x ⎟⎠ dx = γ
−
∞ − ax
e − e − bx 1 ⎛ b 2 + p2 ⎞
18.87. ∫ 0 x sec px
dx = ln ⎜ 2
2 ⎝ a + p2 ⎟⎠
∞ − ax
e − e − bx b a
18.88. ∫ 0 x csc px
dx = tan −1 − tan −1
p p
∞ − ax
e (1 − cos x ) a
18.89. ∫ 0 x2
dx = cot −1 a − ln (a 2 + 1)
2
Definite Integrals Involving Logarithmic Functions

1 (−1)n n !
18.90. ∫ 0
x m (ln x )n dx =
(m + 1)n+1
m > −1, n = 0, 1, 2,…
If n ≠ 0, 1, 2, … replace n! by Γ(n + 1).
ln x
1 π2
18.91. ∫0 1 + x dx = −
12
ln x
1 π2
18.92. ∫0 1 − x dx = −
6
1 ln (1 + x ) π2
18.93. ∫ 0 x
dx =
12
1 ln (1 − x ) π2
18.94. ∫ 0 x
dx = −
6
1 π2
18.95. ∫ 0
ln x ln (1 + x ) dx = 2 − 2 ln 2 −
12
1 π2
18.96. ∫ 0
ln x ln (1 − x ) dx = 2 −
6
∞ x p−1 ln x
18.97. ∫ 0 1+ x
dx = −π 2 csc pπ cot pπ 0 < p<1
1 xm − xn m +1
18.98. ∫ 0 ln x
dx = ln
n +1
∞
18.99. ∫ 0
e − x ln x dx = −γ
∞ π
∫ e − x ln x dx = − (γ + 2 ln 2)
2
18.100.
0 4
∞⎛ e x + 1⎞ π2
18.101. ∫0 ⎜⎝ e x − 1⎟⎠
ln dx =
4
π /2 π /2 π
18.102. ∫ 0
ln sin x dx = ∫ 0
ln cos x dx = −
2
ln 2
π /2 π /2 π π3
18.103. ∫ 0
(ln sin x )2 dx = ∫ 0
(ln cos x )2 dx =
2
(ln 2)2 +
24
π π2
18.104. ∫ 0
x ln sin x dx = −
2
ln 2
π /2
18.105. ∫ 0
sin x ln sin x dx = ln 2 − 1
2π 2π
18.106. ∫ 0
ln (a + b sin x ) dx = ∫ 0
ln (a + b cos x ) dx = 2π ln (a + a 2 − b 2 )
π ⎛ a + a2 − b2 ⎞
18.107. ∫ 0
ln(a + b cos x ) dx = π ln ⎜
⎝ 2 ⎟
⎠
π ⎧⎪2π ln a, a b > 0
18.108. ∫ 0
ln (a 2 − 2ab cos x + b 2 ) dx = ⎨
⎪⎩2π ln b, b a > 0
π /4 π
18.109. ∫ 0
ln (1 + tan x ) dx =
8
ln 2
π /2 ⎛ 1 + b cos x ⎞ 1
18.110. ∫ 0
sec x ln ⎜ ⎟
⎝ 1 + a cos x ⎠
dx = {(cos −1 a)2 − (cos −1 b)2}
2
a ⎛ x⎞ ⎛ sin a sin 2a sin 3a ⎞
18.111. ∫ 0
ln ⎜ 2 sin ⎟ dx = − ⎜ 2 +
⎝ 2⎠ ⎝ 1 22
+ 2 + ⎟
3 ⎠
See also 18.102.
Definite Integrals Involving Hyperbolic Functions

∞ sin ax π aπ
18.112. ∫ 0 sinh bx
dx =
2b
tanh
2b
∞ cos ax π aπ
18.113. ∫ 0 cosh bx
dx =
2b
sech
2b
∞ x dx π2
18.114. ∫ 0
= 2
sinh ax 4 a
18.115. ∫
∞
0
x n dx 2n+1 − 1 1 1
{ 1
= n n+1 Γ (n + 1) n+1 + n+1 + n+1 +
sinh ax 2 a 1 2 3 }
If n is an odd positive integer, the series can be summed.
∞ sinh ax π aπ 1
18.116. ∫ 0 e bx + 1
dx =
2b
csc −
b 2a
∞ sinh ax 1 π aπ
18.117. ∫ 0 e bx − 1
dx = −
2a 2b
cot
b
Miscellaneous Definite Integrals
∞ f (ax ) − f (bx ) b
18.118. ∫ 0 x
dx = { f (0) − f (∞)}ln
a
∞ f ( x ) − f (∞)
This is called Frullani’s integral. It holds if f ′(x) is continuous and ∫ 0 x
dx converges.
1 dx 1 1 1
18.119. ∫ 0 x x = 1 + 2 + 3 +
1 2 3
a Γ (m ) Γ (n)
18.120. ∫ −a
(a + x )m −1 (a − x )n−1 dx = (2a)m + n−1
Γ (m + n)

Tabla de Integrales

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Tabla de Integrales

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17 TABLES of SPECIAL INDEFINITE

(1) Integrals Involving ax ⴙ b

x 2dx (ax + b)2 2b(ax + b) b 2

(ax + b)n+ 2 b(ax + b)n+1

If n = –1, –2, see 17.1.2 and 17.1.7.

(ax + b)n+3 2b(ax + b)n+ 2 b 2 (ax + b)n+1

(2) Integrals Involving ax ⴙ b

ax + b −(ax + b)3/ 2 (2m − 5)a ax + b

2(ax + b)( m + 2)/ 2

2(ax + b)( m + 4 )/ 2 2b(ax + b)( m + 2)/ 2

2(ax + b)( m +6)/ 2 4 b(ax + b)( m + 4 )/ 2 2b 2 (ax + b)( m + 2)/ 2

(ax + b)m / 2 2(ax + b)m / 2 (ax + b)( m − 2)/ 2

(ax + b)m / 2 (ax + b)( m + 2)/ 2 ma (ax + b)m / 2

(3) Integrals Involving ax ⴙ b and px ⴙ q

x 2 dx b2 1 ⎧q2 b(bp − 2aq) ⎫

⎧ −1 ⎧(ax + b)m +1 (ax + b)m ⎫

(4) Integrals Involving ax ⴙ b and px ⴙ q

( px + q)n 2( px + q)n ax + b 2n(aq − bp) ( px + q)n−1 dx

(5) Integrals Involving ax ⴙ b and px + q

2apx + bp + aq (bp − aq)2 dx

(6) Integrals Involving x2 ⴙ a2

(7) Integrals Involving x2 ⴚ a2, x2 > a2

(8) Integrals Involving x2 ⴚ a2, x2 < a2

(9) Integrals Involving x 2 + a2

(10) Integrals Involving x 2 − a2

(11) Integrals Involving a2 − x 2

(12) Integrals Involving ax2 ⴙ bx ⴙ c

x 2 n−1dx 1 x 2 n−3 dx c x 2 n−3 dx b x 2 n− 2 dx

(13) Integrals Involving ax 2 ⴙ bx ⴙ c

(ax 2 + bx + c)3/ 2 b(2ax + b)

x 2 dx (2b 2 − 4 ac) x + 2bc 1 dx

(2ax + b)(ax 2 + bx + c)n+1/ 2 (2n + 1)(4 ac − b 2 )

(14) Integrals Involving x3 ⴙ a3

(15) Integrals Involving x4 ⴞ a4

(16) Integrals Involving xn ⴞ an

where 0 < p  2m.

1 m −1 kpπ ⎛ x − a cos (kπ /m)⎞

x p−1dx 2(−1) p−1 m

(−1) p−1 ln( x + a)

(17) Integrals Involving sin ax

sin ax (ax )3 (ax )5

sin ax sin ax cos ax

x dx 1 ⎧⎪ (ax )3 7(ax )5 2(22 n −1 − 1) Bn (ax )2 n+1 ⎫⎪

3x sin 2ax sin 4 ax

(If p = ± q, see 17.17.16 and 17.17.18.)

x m cos ax mx m −1 sin ax m(m − 1)

sin ax sin ax a cos ax

sin n−1 ax cos ax n − 1

(18) Integrals Involving cos ax

cos ax (ax )2 (ax )4 (ax )6

cos ax cos ax sin ax

x dx 1 ⎧(ax )2 (ax )4 5(ax )6 En (ax )2 n+ 2 ⎫

dx q sin ax p dx (If p = ± q see 17.18.19

cos ax cos ax a sin ax

sin ax cos n−1 ax n − 1

(19) Integrals Involving sin ax and cos ax

(If r = q see 17.19.23. If r2 = p2 + q2 see 17.19.24.)

⎧ sin m −1 ax cos n+1 ax m − 1

(20) Integrals Involving tan ax

tan ax (ax )3 2(ax )5 22 n (22 n − 1) Bn (ax )2 n−1

(21) Integrals Involving cot ax

cot ax 1 ax (ax )3 22 n Bn (ax )2 n −1

where 0 < p 2m.

∞ sin px sin qx ⎧⎪π p/2 0 < pq