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Web: airsafe.com.au

DANGEROUS GOODS
BY SEA -
ACCEPTED

Dangerous
whe n wet

Last revised June 2017

Based on the IMDG Code 2016 Edition


& Supplement 2014 Edition
AMSA Approval No. 5164

© Copyright 2016. All rights reserved, no part of this AIRSAFE product may be reproduced, recast, reformatted or
transmitted in any form, by any means, without prior written permission from the proprietors of AIRSAFE.

Disclaimer: The information contained in this program is under constant review due to International and National Government regulations
and requirements. No user should act on such information without reference to applicable laws and regulations and without seeking
appropriate professional advice. Every effort has been made to present accurate, current information but AIRSAFE shall not be held
responsible for loss, damage or legal action due to errors or omissions, misprints or misinterpretation of the contents. AIRSAFE and it's
personnel take no responsibility if any of the content offends any user.
CONTENTS
Introduction 1
What information is where in the IMDG Code 2
Other maritime codes 3
IMDG reference marks 3
General Provisions 4-10
Application and implementation of the Code 4
Dangerous goods forbidden from transport 4
Implementation through legislation 5
Responsibilities 5-6
Definitions, units of measurement and abbreviations 6-7

Training 7-8
Security provisions 8-9
Using the IMDG Code (Flow-chart) 10
Classification 11-37
Introduction 11-13
Classes/ divisions of dangerous goods 11
Packing groups 11
Marine pollutants 12
Transport of samples 12
Transport of waste 13

Class 1 - Explosives 14-17


Division 1.1 - Mass Explosion 14
Division 1.2 - Projection hazard, no mass explosion 14
Division 1.3 - Fire, minor blast, minor projection hazard, no mass 14
explosion
Division 1.4 - No significant hazard 15
Division 1.5 - Very insensitive with a mass explosion hazard 15
Division 1.6 - Extremely insensitive with no mass explosion hazard 15
Compatibility groups and classification codes 15-16
Classification procedure 17

Class 2 - Gases 18-20


Definitions and general provisions 18
Division 2.1 - Flammable gases 19
Division 2.2 - Non-flammable, non-toxic gases 19
Division 2.3 - Toxic gases 20
Classification of aerosols, UN 1950 20
Precedence of hazard for gases 20
Mixtures of gases 20
Gases not accepted for transport 20

Class 3 - Flammable Liquids 21-22


Assignment of packing groups 21
Viscous flammable liquids 22
Determination of flashpoint 22
Determination of initial boiling point 22

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CONTENTS

Class 4 - Flammable Solids; Spontaneously Combustible; 23-25


Dangerous When Wet
Division 4.1 - Flammable solids 23-24
Flammable solids 23
Self-reactive substances 23-24
Solid desensitized explosives 24
Polymerizing substances 24
Division 4.2 - Substances liable to spontaneous combustion 24
Pyrophoric substances 24
Self-heating substances 24
Division 4.3 - Substances, which in contact with water, emit 25
flammable gases

Class 5 - Oxidizing Substances & Organic Peroxides 26-27


Division 5.1 - Oxidizers 26
Division 5.2 - Organic peroxides 27
Class 6 - Toxic & Infectious Substances 28-29
Division 6.1 - Toxic substances 28
Packing group assignment 28
Substances not accepted for transport 28
Division 6.2 - Infectious substances 29

Class 7 - Radioactive Material 30-32


Definition 30
Explanatory information on packaging 30
Types of Packaging 30
Excepted Packages 31
Industrial Packaging 31
Type A Packaging 31
Type B(U), Type B(M) Packaging, & Type C Packaging 31
General provisions concerning Class 7 31
Transport Index 32
Categories and Labelling 32
Categories of label 32
Fissile material label 32

Class 8 – Corrosive Materials 33


Packing group assignment 33
Substances not accepted for transport 33
Class 9 - Miscellaneous Dangerous Articles & Substances 34-35
Environmentally hazardous substances 34
Mixtures classification categories and criteria 34
Marine Pollutants 35
Marine pollutants not restricted 35
Classification of Substances with More Than One Hazard 36
Selecting a Proper Shipping Name 37

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CONTENTS

Safety Data Sheets & Emergency Procedure Guides 38-40


Safety Data Sheets 38
Emergency Procedure Guides 38
Components of a safety data sheet 39-40

Dangerous Goods List 41-47


General 41-42
Marine pollutants 42
Mixtures and solutions 42
Segregation groups 42
The Dangerous Goods List – interpretation 43-45
Abbreviations and symbols 46
Special provisions 46
Dangerous Goods List extract 47

Limited Quantities 48-49


Packing 48
Stowage 48
Segregation 48
Marking and labelling 49
Documentation 49
Excepted Quantities 50-51
Permitted quantities 50
Packaging 50
Marking and labelling 50
Documentation 51
Segregation 51
Stowage 51
Quantities not subject to the Code 51

Packing & Tank Provisions 52-65


Use of Packagings 52
Definitions 52
Types of packagings covered by the IMDG Code 52
General provisions for packing 53
Packaging standards 53
Liquids 53
Inner receptacles 53-54
Overpacks 54
Empty Packagings 54
Salvage Packagings 54
Use of Salvage Pressure Receptacles 55
Explosives, self-reactive substances and organic peroxides 55
Restraint 55
Additional general provisions for IBCs 55
General Provisions for Packing Instructions 55-56 & 59
Packing Instruction examples (P001, IBC03, LP01) 57-58

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CONTENTS

Special packing provisions for Class 1 59


Special packing provisions for Class 2 59-60
Special packing provisions for Class 4.1 & 5.2 61
Special packing provisions for Class 6.2, Category A 61
Special packing provisions for Class 7 61
Use of portable tanks, MEGCs and alternative instructions 62-65
Bulk container instructions 65
Construction and Testing of Packages 66-85
Applicability and general provisions 66
Packaging codes 67
Specification mark sizes 67
Format of marks 68-69
Salvage packagings 70
Construction and Testing of Pressure Receptacles, Aerosols, Gas 71-73
Cartridges and Fuel Cells
Applicability and general provisions 71
UN pressure receptacles 71
Non-UN pressure receptacles 72-73
Provision for aerosols, gas cartridges, fuel cell cartridges 73
Construction and Testing of Packages for Class 7 Radioactive 74-76
Materials
Intermediate Bulk Containers (IBCs) 77-81
General 77
IBC types and codes 78
IBC specification marks 79-80
Construction requirements 80
Testing, certification and inspection 81
Large Packages 82-83
Specification marks 82
Portable Tanks and MEGCs 84
Road Tank Vehicles 85
Bulk Containers 85

Consignment Procedures 86-87


General provisions 86
Overpacks & unit loads; empty uncleaned packages; & mixed packaging 86
General provisions for radioactive material 86-87
Marking packages (including IBCs) 87
Marine pollutant mark 87
Orientation marks 88
Lithium battery marks and labels 88
Class 7 special marking provisions 89
Labelling packages (Including IBCs) 89
Label specifications 90
Completed package example 90

Placarding and Marking CTUs 91-93


Placarding 91
Marking 92
Marine pollutants; Elevated temperature substances; CTUs presenting 93
risk of asphyxiation; Under fumigation; and Limited quantities

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CONTENTS

Documentation 94-103
Dangerous goods transport document 94
Form of transport document 94
Completing the DG transport document 95
Dangerous goods description 95
Supplements to the DG description 95
Additional information required 96
Example multi-modal dangerous goods form 97
Special provisions for radioactive materials and for explosives 98
Example radioactive materials dangerous goods form 99
Certification / signature 100
Other required information and documentation 100
Special provisions 100
Special provisions for fumigated transport units 100
Special provisions for CTUs presenting risk of asphyxiation 100
Container/ vehicle packing certificate 101
Documentation required aboard ship 102
Emergency information 102
Special lists, manifests or stowage plans 102
Example of dangerous goods manifest 103
Provisions concerning transport operations 104-107
Stowage categories 104
Stowage near living quarters 105
Special stowage provisions 105
Stowage of empty uncleaned packaging including IBCs and LPs 105
Stowage of marine pollutants 105
Stowage of limited and excepted quantities 105
Stowage of Class 1 - Explosives 105
Stowage of Class 7 - Radioactive 106
Stowage codes 107
Handling codes 107
Segregation 108-112
Segregation Flow Chart 108
General provisions 109
Special provisions for segregation 110
Segregation table 110
Segregation of Class 1 - Explosives 111-112
Segregation codes 112
Consigning operations concerning cargo transport units 113-117
(CTUs)
General provisions 113
Packing CTUs 113-116
CTU visual inspection 114
Before packing 114
Packing and securing 115
Completion of packing 115-116

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CONTENTS

Segregation in relation to foodstuffs 116


Tracking and monitoring equipment 116
Before loading CTUs containing DGs onboard ships 116
Opening and unloading CTUs 117
Temperature control provisions 117

Stowage and Segregation on Container Ships 118-119


Introduction 118
Stowage (hatchless containerships) 118
Segregation requirements 118-119

Stowage and Segregation on Ro-Ro Ships 120


Introduction 120
Stowage 120
Segregation requirements 120

Stowage and Segregation on General Cargo Ships 121-126


Introduction 121
Stowage 121-122
General stowage provisions for Class 1 122
Segregation requirements for Class 1 122
General stowage provisions for: Class 2 122
- Class 3 123
- Class 4.1, 4.2 & 4.3 123
- Class 5.1 124
- self-reactive substances Class 4.1 & 5.2 124
- Class 6.1 & 8 124
- Class 9 125
Segregation requirements from foodstuffs 125
Definition of segregation from packages terms 125-126

Shipborne Barges on Barge Carrying Ships 127-128


Introduction 127
Barge loading 127
Stowage and segregation of shipborne barges 128

Special Requirements in the Event of an Incident and Fire 129-131


Precautions Involving Dangerous Goods
EmS (Emergency Schedules) 129
EmS example 129-130
MFAG (Medical First Aid Guide) 130
General provisions in the event of incidents 130
General fire precautions 131
Exemptions, Approvals and Certificates 131
References 132

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INTRODUCTION
The carriage of dangerous goods by sea is regulated in order to prevent injury to
persons, or damage to ships and their cargoes, whilst the transport of marine
pollutants is primarily regulated to prevent harm to the marine environment.

Welcome to your AIRSAFE Dangerous Goods by Sea course.

This course has been developed using the following publications:

∗ The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code (IMDG Code),


Volumes 1 & 2, 2016 Edition;
∗ The IMDG Code Supplement, 2014 Edition;
∗ Australian Marine Orders, Part 41, Issued July 2013; and
∗ Australian Navigation Act 2012, plus Amendments.

COURSE OBJECTIVES
♦ To demonstrate how to apply the IMDG Code to a given shipment of
dangerous goods.

♦ To highlight the requirements in relation to:


Identification
Classification
Packing
Marking and labelling
Documentation
Handling.

♦ To provide a greater awareness of the need for strict control over the
transportation of dangerous goods by sea.

LEARNING OUTCOME
You must have access to a current set of the IMDG Code to reference the
information in this course and to apply the knowledge.

At the completion of this short course you will have


sufficient knowledge to apply the regulations and
restrictions set down in the IMDG Code and associated
documents, when shipping dangerous goods by sea.

DG by Sea 2016: V4 1
What information is where in the
IMDG Code
The IMDG Code comprises two volumes, plus a supplement. It
is the maritime industry’s main reference source when Notes
transporting dangerous goods by sea, and contains the following
sections:

Volume 1 General Provisions, Definitions, Training,


Security & General provisions for class 7 Part 1
Classification of DGs Part 2
Packing & Tank Provisions Part 4
Consignment Procedures (documentation, etc) Part 5
Construction & Testing of Packages, IBCs, Part 6
Large Packagings, Portable Tanks, MEGCs
and Road Tank Vehicles
Provisions concerning Transport Operations Part 7

Volume 2 DG List, Special provisions, Limited and


Excepted Quantities, Exceptions Part 3

The Supplement is for use primarily on-board the vessel, but is also
referenced by shore-based and emergency response personnel. It contains the
following information, much of which has been summarized and incorporated
into this workbook:

Emergency Schedules (EMS) Guide


Medical First Aid Guide
Reporting Procedures
Safe Use of Pesticides
Irradiated Nuclear Fuel (INF) Code
Appendix: Resolution and Circulars
relating to the IMDG

DG by Sea 2016: V4 2
What information is where in the IMDG Code

Other codes used by the IMO, AMSA and Australian Ports Notes
for the Transport of Dangerous Goods, which may aid
function-specific training:
IMO Codes
International Maritime Solid Bulk Cargoes Code
(IMSBC Code);

IMO/ILO/UNECE Code of Practice for Packing of Cargo


Transport Units (CTU Code)

Recommendations on the Safe Transport of Dangerous


Cargoes and Related Activities in Port Area

International Convention for Safe Containers 1972 (CSC),


which deal with safety approval plates, maintenanace and
examination of containers (Regulation 1 & 2, reproduced in
1.1.2.3, Annex I of the IMDG Code Vol I).

Code of Safe Practice for Cargo Stowage and Securing


(CSS Code)

International Ship and Port Facility Security Code (ISPS)

Australian Standard Codes


AS 3846-2005 The handling and transport of dangerous
cargoes in port areas

Australian Explosives Code

IMDG Code Reference Marks


The following symbols placed against an item indicate changes from the
previous edition of the IMDG Code.

 Insertion of a new item


⊗ Deletion of an item
Change to an item
Detailed information about changes can be accessed from:
www.//gisis.imo.org

DG by Sea 2016: V4 3
GENERAL PROVISIONS
Notes
General Provisions
Chapter 1.1
Application and implementation of the Code
The IMDG Code is directed at the mariner, associated industries and shore-based
organizations shipping, transporting and/or packing dangerous goods.

Every single one of those mentioned has a responsibility


to ensure
SAFETY AT SEA
and to prevent
MARINE POLLUTION.
The IMDG Code is based on the recommendations set down from the
International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1974 (SOLAS). Chapter
VII Part A, which prohibits the carriage of dangerous goods in packaged form
except in accordance with the principles laid down in Part A.

Lamps containing Dangerous Goods


Lamps meeting the requirements of 1.1.1.9 are not considered restricted under this
Code. They must be no more than 1g per lamp and no more than 30 g per package.
Chapter 1.1.1.9
Principles of Part A
Regulation 1 – Definitions
Regulation 2 – Application
Regulation 3 – Requirements for the carriage of DGs
Regulation 4 – Documents
Regulation 5 – Cargo Securing Manual
Regulation 6 – Reporting of Incidents involving DGs
These principles are repoduced in full in the IMDG Code.
Chapter 1.1.1-1.1.2

Prevention of Pollution from Ships, 1973/78


Annex III of the MARPOL 73/78 convention, deals with the prevention of
pollution by harmful substances carried by sea in packaged form.

The IMDG Code amplifies these principles. They are reproduced in full in
chapter 1.1.2.2 of the IMDG Code.
Chapter 1.1.2

In addition the IMDG Code adopts recommendations set down by the United
Nations Committee of Experts on the Transport of Dangerous Goods, and the
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) for radioactives, which cover
shipping of dangerous goods by all modes of transport.

Dangerous Goods forbidden from Transport


Chapter 1.1.3 specifies dangerous goods that are forbidden from transport.

DG by Sea 2016: V4 4
General Provisions

Implementation through legislation Notes


The recommendations set down by the IMO are applied through local
legislation and regulations by States (countries) who choose to adopt them.

In Australia, the maritime industry is regulated by the Australian Maritime


Safety Authority (AMSA) and is bound by the Navigation Act 2012 and
Marine Orders (MO) which mandate the IMDG Code requirements for the
carriage of dangerous goods by sea.
MO41, Issued 2013

Marine Order 41, which adopts the requirements of the IMDG Code, and the
Navigation Act 2012 apply to:
• Australian Registered Ships and Internationally Registered Ships
operating in Australian waters; and
• Persons engaged in packing, loading, stowing or unloading dangerous
goods intended for such ships.

The Marine Orders on dangerous goods do not relate to:


Ships’ stores and equipment required for navigation, safety
or maintenance of a ship or required for the operations of a
ship.
Explosives, to the extent that their handling is covered by the
Australian Explosives Act 1961.
MO41, Section 4
The Navigation Act 2012 and amendments identify the requirements in relation to the carriage
of dangerous goods, and the penalties for breach of this legislation, examples are:
NAVIGATION ACT 2012
115 Carrying improperly labelled dangerous goods on a vessel
(1) A person contravenes this subsection if:
(a) the person carries dangerous goods on board, or causes or permits dangerous goods to be placed for carriage
on board, a regulated Australian vessel or a foreign vessel; and
(b) the outside of the package containing the goods is not distinctly marked with a correct description of the goods;
Fault‑based offence (2) A person commits an offence if the person contravenes subsection (1).
Penalty: Imprisonment for 12 months or 60 penalty units, or both.

119 Notice of intention to ship


(1) Before dangerous goods are shipped in a regulated Australian vessel or a foreign vessel, the shipper must give
notice of his or her intention, in the manner and to the person prescribed by the regulations, to ship the goods.
Fault‑‑based offence (2) A person commits an offence if the person contravenes subsection (1).
Penalty: Imprisonment for 12 months or 60 penalty units, or both.
Civil penalty
(3) A person is liable to a civil penalty if the person contravenes subsection (1).
Civil penalty: 600 penalty units.

Responsibilities
The AMSA Marine Orders specify the following notification/documentation
requirements, which reflect the IMDG Code requirements and therefore ensures
compliance. These will be discussed in more detail later in the workbook.

DG by Sea 2016: V4 5
General Provisions
Notes
The Shipper is responsible for:
 Classifying their dangerous goods (IMDG Code Chapter 2.0.0);
 Packaging the dangerous goods in compliance with the IMDG Code; and
 Forwarding the Multi-Modal Dangerous Goods Form, plus any
competent authority approval or certificate, to the:
 Consolidator; or (if not to be loaded in a CTU)
 Master of the ship or their representative; and
 Only when requested, AMSA Surveyor.

The Consolidator/Container Packer is responsible for:


 Segregating Dangerous Goods from incompatible Dangerous Goods and
non-Dangerous Goods;
 Packing and placarding containers; and
 Providing a Container/Vehicle Packing Certificate covering the CTU
plus any competent authority approval or certificate, as early as
possible and before the goods are loaded to the:
 Master of the Ship or their representative.

The Master of the Ship or their representative is responsible for:


 Providing a Special List/Manifest as early as possible and before the
goods are loaded to the:
 AMSA Surveyor.

If all of the information required is not available prior to 24 hours before the
goods are loaded, the Master must provide the AMSA Surveyor with at least the
following information:
 Ship name,
 Ships IMO number,
 Port of loading,
 Date of loading and departure,
 Classes of goods being loaded.
The master must also notify the AMSA Surveyor, in writing, of any subsequent
changes prior to the goods being loaded.
MO41, Section 9.1
Definitions, units of measurement and
abbreviations — Chapter 1.2
Definitions
Terms of a technical nature, or those specific to dangerous goods or sea
transport, are defined in chapter 1.2.1.
Vol. 1, Chapter 1.2.1

Units of Measurement
Acceptable units of measurement are detailed. Both SI (metric) units and
acceptable equivalents and the relationship between the measurements are
specified. The following is a list of Conversion Tables.
Vol. 1, Chapter 1.2.2.1

DG by Sea 2016: V4 6
General Provisions
Notes
The following Tables of Equivalence are in the IMDG Code
Mass Conversion Tables: Conversion Factors, and Pounds to kilograms
and vice versa
Liquid Measure Conversion tables: Conversion Factors, and Imperial
pints and gallons to litres and vice versa
Temperature conversion tables: Conversion Factors, and Centigrade to
Fahrenheit and vice versa
Vol. 1, Chapter 1.2.2.6
List of abbreviations
Abbreviations that are used throughout the Code are explained.
Vol. 1, Chapter 1.2.3

Training — Chapter 1.3


Introductory note
The successful application of Regulations concerning the transport of dangerous
goods and the achievement of their objectives greatly depend on all persons
concerned having a detailed understanding of the regulations and the risks
involved . A table recommending appropriate training for shore based personnel
is displayed in 1.3.1.5 of the IMDG Code.
Shore-based personnel such as those listed in 1.3.1.2 shall receive training
appropriate to their job responsibilities which includes:
 General familiarization training of the contents and application of
the IMDG Code;
 Function specific training covering information specific to the tasks
performed; and
 Safety training appropriate to the risk of exposure. This includes
correct use of equipment, available emergency response information,
general dangers of the various classes and, where appropriate, the use
of personal protective clothing/equipment, and procedures to be
followed in the event of accidental spillage.
Vol. 1, Chapter 1.3.1

Shore-based personnel engaged in the transport of dangerous goods intended to


be transported by sea shall receive training which will be periodically
supplemented with refresher training taking into account changes in regulations
and practices.
Vol. 1, Chapter 1.3.1.1

Records of training received must be kept by the employer and made available
to the employee or competent authorities, upon request.
Vol. 1, Chapter 1.3.1.3
Who does what training?
Shore-based personnel involved with documenting, marking and labelling,
packing and/or loading DGs and/or CTUs must have training approved
(‘accepted’) by AMSA.

Any other personnel involved with handing, transporting, booking or arranging


DG’s for sea transport should be awareness trained.

DG by Sea 2016: V4 7
General Provisions

Validity of Training Notes


The training that shore-based personnel undertake is valid for the period of the
IMDG Code’s currency.
The table below attempts to show this arrangement.

How the Code/training requirement works


The IMDG Code when published and distributed has a one year transition from
the old Code to the new Code, until the new Code becomes mandatory. Dur-
ing this time the old Code is valid but the new Code can be adopted and chang-
es implemented.

For example:

2014 version released at the end of 2014 and applicable from 01/01/14.
Has applicability until 31/12/17, and is the mandatory Code until then.

2016 version released at the end of 2016 and may be used from 01/01/17.
Becomes the mandatory Code on 01 Jan 18, when the 2014 version expires.
Has applicability until 31/12/19.

AMSA advise that re-training is required in Australia for Accept


personnel who pack (including loading or unloading CTU’s),
package, mark, load, placard and/or document dangerous goods.
Whenever the Code is updated refresher training shall be taken
before the Code becomes mandatory to cover the changes made
to the IMDG Code. Personnel changing job functions in regards to
dangerous goods may also require additional training to suit their
role.
MO41, Section 8

Security Provisions — Chapter 1.4


Although only recommendatory, except 1.4.1.1, this section should be under-
stood by personnel as it introduces the requirements of the ISPS Code and the
need for training in security commensurate with a persons responsibilities. It
also gives guidelines on cargoes that are deemed to be of high consequence and
therefore require greater control. Vol. 1, Chapters 1.4.0-1.4.1

The training specified in subsection 1.3 should include elements of security


awareness, and should address the nature and recognition of risks, methods to
address and reduce such risks and actions to be taken in the event of a security
breach. Records of such training should be maintained.
Vol. 1, Chapter 1.4.2.3

DG by Sea 2016: V4 8
General Provisions

High consequence dangerous goods are those which have the potential for mis- Notes
use in a terrorist incident, producing serious consequences such as mass casual-
ties or mass destruction. Following is an indicative list of high consequence
dangerous goods:
Class 1 Division 1.1 explosives
Class 1 Division 1.2 explosives
Class 1 Division 1.3 compatibility group C explosives
Class 1 Division 1.4. UN Nos. 0104, 0237, 0255, 0267, 0289, 0361, 0365, 0366, 0440, 0441,
0455, 0456 and 0500
Class 1 Division 1.5 explosives
Class 2.1 Flammable gases in quantities greater than 3000 L in a road tank vehicle, a rail
way tank wagon or a portable tank
Class 2.3 Toxic gases
Class 3 Flammable liquids of packing groups I and II in quantities greater than 3000 L in a
road tank vehicle, a railway tank wagon or a portable tank
Class 3 Desensitized liquid explosives
Class 4.1 Desensitized solid explosives
Class 4.2 Goods of packing group I in quantities greater than 3000 kg or 3000 L in a road
tank vehicle, a railway tank wagon, a portable tank or a bulk container
Class 4.3 Goods of packing group I in quantities greater than 3000 kg or 3000 L in a road
tank vehicle, a railway tank wagon, a portable tank or a bulk container
Class 5.1 Oxidizing liquids of packing group I in quantities greater than 3000 L in a road tank
vehicle, a railway tank wagon or a portable tank
Class 5.1 Perchlorates, ammonium nitrate, ammonium nitrate fertilizers and ammonium
nitrate emulsions or suspensions or gels in quantities greater than 3000 kg or 3000 L in a
road tank vehicle, a railway tank wagon, a portable tank or a bulk container
Class 6.1 Toxic substances of packing group I
Class 6.2 Infectious substances of category A (UN Nos. 2814 and 2900)
Class 7 Radioactive material in quantities greater than 3000 A1 (special form) or 3000 A2, as
applicable, in Type B(U) or Type B(M) or Type C packages
Class 8 Corrosive substances of packing group I in quantities greater than 3000 kg or 3000 L
in a road tank vehicle, a railway tank wagon, a portable tank or a bulk container.

High consequence goods should be covered by a security plan during transport


that addresses at least the elements below.
Vol. 1, Chapter 1.4.3

SECURITY PLAN ELEMENTS

1 Allocation of specific responsibilities for security to competent and qual-


ified personnel with authority to carry out their responsibilities.;
2 Current, accurate records of all the high consequence DG’s transport-
ed;
3 A review of current operations and assessment of vulnerabilities, in-
cluding intermodal transfers, temporary transit storage, handling and
distribution;
4 Clear training measures, policies, operating practices, equipment and
resources that are used to reduce security risks;
5 Effective up-to-date procedures for reporting and dealing with security
threats, breaches of security or security-related incidents;
6 Procedures for the evaluation and testing of security plans and proce-
dures for periodic review and updates;
7 Measures to ensure the security of transport information contained in
the plan;
8 Measures to ensure that the distribution of transport information or se-
curity arrangements is limited as far as possible.

DG by Sea 2016: V4 9
How to use the IMDG Code
Do you have a UN Number or a Proper Shipping Name (PSN)?
(Refer to the SDS)

YES YES NO
UN Number PSN only Classify
Locate the UN number in Look up the name in the (Vol 1, Part 2)
the DG List alphabetical index and get
(Vol 2, DGL 3.2) the UN number. Select “Proper Shipping
(Vol.2, Index, p.251) Name”
Ensure you select the (Vol.2, Appendix A, p.225)
correct entry for your Packing
Group (if applicable)

Column (6)
Check Special Provisions Can you use?
(Vol 2, p.197)

Column 7a Column 7b Column 8 Column 10 Column 13


Limited Excepted UN Packaging IBC Tank or Bulk
Quantities Quantities Container (BC)

YES YES YES YES YES


Prepare Prepare Select Packing Select IBC Select Tank or BC
shipment as per shipment as per Instruction and Instruction and Instruction and
Vol 2, Chapter 3.4 Vol 2, Chapter 3.5 reference reference reference
Vol 1, Chapter 4.1 Vol 1, Chapter 4.1 Vol 1, Chapter 4.2
- UN package not - UN package not & Chapter 4.3
required; required; - Acceptable inner, check provisions if
- 30 Kg outer max; - Quantities as per outer and single applicable check provisions if
- inner qty as per 3.5.1.2; packages and their (Column 11) applicable
Column 7a - Declaration required quantities are shown. (Column 14)
- Declaration required - check provisions if
applicable (Column 9)

Choose Choose Choose


appropriate UN appropriate IBC appropriate Tank
specification and fill or BC and fill
package and pack (Vol 1, Part 4 & 6) (Vol 1, Part 4 & 6)
(Vol 1, Part 4 & 6)

Mark and Label Mark and Label Mark and Label


Packages IBC Tank or BC
(Vol 1, Chapter 5.2) (Vol 1, Chapter 5.2) (Vol 1, Chapter 5.3)

Document and Document and Document and


notify all notify all notify all
applicable parties applicable parties applicable parties
(Vol 1, Chapter 5.4) (Vol 1, Chapter 5.4) (Vol 1, Chapter 5.4)

SHIPMENT READY FOR TRANSPORT OR LOADING INTO CTU

DG by Sea 2016: V4 10
CLASSIFICATION
Introduction Notes

Chapter 2.0
Classification is a means to identify and describe the hazardous properties
presented by an article or substance. Classification is the responsibility of the
shipper/consignor or the competent authority as specified by the Code.
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.0.0

If the UN Number or Proper Shipping Name (PSN) of an article or substance is


known then further classification may not be required. Where no UN number or
PSN is known then classification is essential before it may be transported.

Classes and divisions


There are nine classes of dangerous goods which indicate their properties. The
class numbers in no way reflect an order of danger – they merely act as a means
of identification. Some classes of dangerous goods are then separated to show
individual hazards within the broader classification.

Class 1 Explosives
Division 1.1 – Mass explosion hazard
Division 1.2 – Projection hazard but no mass explosion hazard
Division 1.3 – Fire and minor blast/projection hazard, but no mass explosion
hazard
Division 1.4 – No significant hazard
Division 1.5 – Very insensitive with a mass explosion hazard
Division 1.6 – Extremely insensitive with no mass explosion hazard
Class 2 Gases
Class 2.1 – Flammable Gas
Class 2.2 – Non-flammable, non-toxic gas
Class 2.3 – Toxic Gas
Class 3 Flammable Liquids
Class 4 Flammable Solids, spontaneously combustible and Dangerous when wet
Class 4.1 – Flammable solids, self-reactive substances, solid desensitized explosives,
and polymerizing substances
Class 4.2 – Substances liable to spontaneous combustion
Class 4.3 – Substances which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases
Class 5 Oxidizing Substances and Organic Peroxides
Class 5.1 – Oxidizing substances
Class 5.2 – Organic peroxides
Class 6 Toxic and Infectious Substances
Class 6.1 – Toxic substances
Class 6.2 – Infectious substances
Class 7 Radioactive Material
Class 8 Corrosive substances
Class 9 Miscellaneous dangerous substances and articles
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.0.1

NOTE
Except for Class 7, the IMDG Code does not require the hazard description to be shown
on labels or placards, however the label may include the text if desired (excluding the
Class 9 label for lithium batteries, see page 88 of this workbook). Chapter 5.2.2.2.1.3

DG by Sea 2016: V4 11
Classification

Packing groups Notes


For packing purposes, dangerous goods (except for Classes 1, 2, 4.1 self-reactive
substances, 5.2, 6.2 and 7) are assigned to one of three packing groups, according to
the degree of danger they present:
Packing Group I — High Danger
Packing Group II — Medium Danger
Packing Group III — Low Danger

The packing group to which a substance is assigned is indicated in the Dangerous


Goods List and effectively determines packaging quality required and permissible
quantities permitted per package.
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.0.1.3
Marine pollutants
Marine pollutants are to be transported under the provisions of the appropriate class
according to the hazard and the classification criteria of the IMDG Code.

Marine pollutants are identified in Chapter 3.2 the Dangerous Goods List and the
Alphabetical Index by the symbol P. Not all marine pollutants are identified by the
'P' symbol in the IMDG Code as they may be mixtures, solutions, manufactured
articles or substances. These items are usually identified from their MSDS.

Some pollutants may not meet the classification of a dangerous good, class 1-8, but
may still present a hazard to the marine environment. These items are classified as
Environmentally Hazardous Substance Solid or Liquid (see chapter 2.10).
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.0.1.2 & 2.10
Transport of samples
When a hazard class is uncertain and the item is being transported for further testing,
a tentative hazard class, proper shipping name and UN number must be assigned on
the basis of the consignors knowledge of the substance and application of:
- the classification criteria; and
- the precedence of hazards.
The most severe packing group possible for the proper shipping name must be
chosen.

If a proper shipping name already exists that indicates the dangerous good as a
sample it must be used (e.g. Gas Sample, Non-pressurised, Flammable). Otherwise
the most appropriate proper shipping name must be used and be supplemented with
the word “SAMPLE”. The technical name as required by special provision 274 need
not be applied (e.g. Flammable liquid, n.o.s., sample).
This provision cannot be used for:
substances prohibited for transport by Chapter 1.1.3;
classes 1, 6.2 or 7;
This provision can only be used if:
self-reactive substances (4.1) or organic peroxides (5.2) are in compliance with
2.4.2.3.2.4.2 or 2.5.3.2.5.1;
substances are transported in combination packages of no more than 2.5kg net
mass per package; and
the sample is not packed together with other goods.
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.0.4

DG by Sea 2016: V4 12
Classification

Transport of waste Notes


The transport of wastes shall be in accordance with relevant international
recommendations and conventions and the IMDG Code when shipped by sea.

Transport of solid wastes in bulk is only permitted with the approval of the
competent authority of the country of origin.

Wastes are to be transported under the provisions of the appropriate class according
to the hazard and the classification criteria of the IMDG Code, or if they exhibit
multiple hazards according to section 2.0.5.4.3 and 2.0.5.4.4 of the Code.

Some wastes may not meet the classification of a dangerous good, class 1-8, but may
still present a hazard to the marine environment. These items are classified as UN
3077 or UN 3082, Environmentally Hazardous Substance Solid or Liquid. The
proper shipping name must be supplemented with the word “WASTE”, e.g.
“Environmentally hazardous substance, solid, n.o.s., waste”.
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.0.5

DG by Sea 2016: V4 13
Classification

CLASS 1 - Explosives Notes

Chapter 2.1
Note: As Class 1 is a restricted class only those explosive
substances and articles that are listed in the Dangerous Goods List in Chapter 3.2
may be accepted for transport.
However, explosive substances and articles can be approved for carriage by the
competent authority for special purposes and under special conditions.
Therefore entries have been included in the Dangerous Goods List for
"Substances, explosive, not otherwise specified" and "Articles, explosive, not
otherwise specified". It is intended that these entries should only be used when no
other method of operation is possible.

This class includes:


Explosive substances: a solid or liquid (or mixture) which is capable, by
chemical reaction, of producing gas at such temperature, pressure and speed as
to cause damage to surroundings.

Explosive articles: articles that contain one or more explosive substances,


except devices containing explosive substances in such quantity or of such
character that their inadvertent or accidental ignition or initiation during
transport shall not cause any effect external to the device either by projection,
fire, smoke, heat or loud noise.

Other substances or articles: not covered above, which are manufactured


with a view to producing a practical, explosive or pyrotechnic effect.
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.1.1

Class 1 has six divisions:


Division 1.1 Substances and articles which have a mass explosion hazard;
Division 1.2 Substances and articles which have a projection hazard but
no mass explosion hazard;
Division 1.3 Substances and articles that have a fire hazard and either a
minor blast or minor projection hazard or both, but no mass
explosion hazard; Comprises substances and articles:
- which give rise to considerable radiant heat; or
- which burn one after another, producing minor blast or
projection effects or both.

Appropriate division number and


Affix compatibility group must be
shown for 1.1, 1.2 and 1.3, eg.
Explosive 1.1A, 1.1D
eg.
label
here Nitroglycerine desensitized; Black Powder (Gun
powder – granular); some aerial flares,
charges, detonators, fuzes, plastic explosives.

DG by Sea 2016: V4 14
Classification

Division 1.4 Substances and articles which have no significant hazard: Notes
presents only a small hazard in the event of ignition or
initiation. The effects are largely confined to the package and
no projection of fragments of appreciable size or range is
expected. An external fire must not cause
instantaneous explosion of almost the entire contents.

Affix Appropriate compatibility group must be


Explosive 1.4 shown eg. 1.4D
label
here
eg. Practice ammunition; some detonators;
explosive rivets; some fireworks; safety
fuses.

Division 1.5 Very insensitive substances which have a mass


explosion hazard: low probability of initiation during normal
conditions of transport.

1.5 Appropriate compatibility


group is shown eg. D
EXPLOSIVE
D
1

eg. Secondary detonating explosive substances,

Division 1.6 Extremely insensitive articles which do not have a mass


explosion hazard; extremely insensitive substances which
demonstrate a negligible probability of accidental initiation.

1.6 Appropriate compatibility


EXPLOSIVE group is shown eg. N
N
1

Vol. 1, Chapter 2.1.1

Compatibility groups and classification codes


Class 1 goods are considered “compatible” if they can be safely stowed or carried
together without significantly increasing either the probability of an accident or,
for a given quantity, the magnitude of the effects of such an accident. The table
in Chapter 2.1.2.2 and reproduced on the following page outlines the
compatibility groups.
Note: The packaging has an effect on the division and compatibility group
allocated.

DG by Sea 2016: V4 15
Classification

Compatibility Groups and Classification Codes


Notes
Description of substance or article to be classified Compatibility group Classification code

Primary explosive substance A 1.1A

Article containing a primary explosive substance and not containing two B 1.1B
or more effective protective features. Some articles such as detonators 1.2B
for blasting, detonator assemblies for blasting and primers, cap-type, are 1.4B
included, even though they do not contain primary explosives.
Propellant explosive substance or other deflagrating explosive substance C 1.1C
or articles containing such explosive substance. 1.2C
1.3C
1.4C
Secondary detonating explosive substances or black powder or article D 1.1D
containing a secondary detonating explosive substance, in each case 1.2D
without the means of initiation and without a propelling charge, or article 1.4D
containing a primary explosive substance and containing two or more 1.5D
effective protective features.
Article containing a secondary detonating explosive substance, without E 1.1E
means of initiation, with a propelling charge (other than one containing a 1.2E
flammable liquid or gel, or hypergolic liquids) 1.4E
Article containing a secondary detonating explosive substance with its F 1.1F
own means of initiation, with a propelling charge (other than one 1.2F
containing a flammable liquid or gel, or hypergolic liquids) 1.3F
1.4F
Pyrotechnic substance, or article containing a pyrotechnic substance, or G 1.1G
article containing both an explosive substance and an illuminating, 1.2G
incendiary, tear or smoke producing substance (other than a water- 1.3G
activated article or one containing white phosphorus, phosphides, a 1.4G
pyrophoric substance, a flammable liquid or gel, or hypergolic liquids)
Article containing both an explosive substance and white phosphorus H 1.2H
1.3H
Article containing both an explosive substance and a flammable liquid or J 1.1J
gel 1.2J
1.3J
Article containing both an explosive substance and a toxic chemical K 1.2K
agent 1.3K
Explosive substance or article containing an explosive substance and L 1.1L
presenting a special risk (such as due to water-activation or presence of 1.2L
hypergolic liquids, phosphides or a pyrophoric substance) needing 1.3L
isolation of each type (see 7.2.7.1.4, note 2)
Articles predominantly containing extremely insensitive substances N 1.6N

Substances or articles so packaged or designed that any hazardous S 1.4S


effects arising from accidental functioning are confined within the
package unless the package has been degraded by fire, in which case all
blast or projection effects are limited to the extent that they do not
significantly hinder or prohibit fire fighting or other emergency response
efforts in the immediate vicinity of the package.

Note 1: Articles of compatibility groups D and E may be fitted or packed together with
their own means of initiation provided that such means have at least two effective
protective features designed to prevent an explosion in the event of accidential
functioning of the means of initiation. Such articles and packages shall be assigned to
compatibility groups D or E.

Note 2: Articles of compatibility groups D and E may be packed together with their own
means of initiation, which do not have two effective protective features when, in the
opinion of the competent authority of the country of origin, the accidental functioning of
the means of initiation does not cause the explosion of an article under normal conditions
of transport. Such packages shall be assigned to compatibilty groups D or E.

Vol. 1, Chapter 2.1.2

DG by Sea 2016: V4 16
Classification

Notes
Classification procedure
Before the transport of any explosives the Proper Shipping Name,
Classification and Compatibility Group must be assigned and confirmed in
writing by the competent authority (AMSA for maritime in Australia) in the
state of manufacture.

A new approval would be required for:


• A new explosive substance;
• A new combination or mixture which is substantially different from the
original products;
• A new design for an explosive article, an article containing a new explosive
substance, or an article containing a new mixture or combination of
explosives; or
• An explosive substance or article with a new design or type of package.
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.1.3

Exclusion from class 1 may be done by a competent authority by virtue of tests


as defined in the IMDG Code chapter 2.1.3.4

Assignment of fireworks to class divisions shall be in accordance with the


IMDG Code chapter 2.1.3.5.

DG by Sea 2016: V4 17
Classification

Notes
CLASS 2 - Gases
Chapter 2.2

Definitions and general provisions


A gas is a substance which:
 at 50°C has a vapour pressure greater than 300 kPa; or
 is completely gaseous at 20°C at a standard pressure of 101.3 kPa.

The transport condition of a gas is described according to its physical state as:

1. Compressed gas: A gas which, when packed under pressure for transport, is
entirely gaseous at –50°C;
eg. carbon dioxide and oxygen cylinders

2. Liquefied gas: A gas which, when packed under pressure for transport, is
partially liquid at temperatures above –50°C;
eg. fire extinguishers, butane, cigarette lighters

3. Refrigerated liquefied gas: A gas which, when packed under pressure for
transport, is made partially liquid because of its low temperature:
eg. liquid helium, nitrogen

4. Dissolved Gas: A gas which when packed under pressure for transport is
dissolved in a liquid phase solvent.
eg. acetylene cylinders

5. Adsorbed Gas: A gas which when packed for transport is adsorbed onto a
solid porous material resulting in an internal pressure of less than 101.3 kPa at
20°C and 300 kPa at 50°C
e.g. Activated carbon is a sorbent for adsorbed natural gas

Class 2 also includes Mixture of Gases; Mixtures of one or more gases with one
or more vapours of substances of other classes; Articles charged with a gas; and
Aerosols.
Gases may have one or more of the following hazards. They may be:
Flammable;
Non-flammable, non-toxic;
Toxic;
Corrosive;
Supporters of combustion.

Many gases have narcotic effects even at low concentration and some may evolve
toxic gases when involved in a fire. Even chemically and physiologically inert
gases will be suffocating in high concentrations.

All gases which are heavier than air will present a potential danger if allowed to
accumulate in the bottom of cargo spaces.
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.2.1

DG by Sea 2016: V4 18
Classification

Notes
Class 2 Sub-
Sub-divisions
Class 2 is subdivided as follows:

Class 2.1 — Flammable gas


Gases which at 20°C and at a standard pressure of 101.3 kPa:
 are ignitable when in a mixture of 13% or less by volume with air; or
 have a flammable range with air of at least 12 percentage points regardless
of the lower flammable limit.

eg. butane; acetylene; methane;


lighters & lighter refills
Affix
Class 2.1
label
here Vol. 1, Chapter 2.2.2.1

Class 2.2 — Non-


Non-flammable, non-
non-toxic gas
Gases which:
 are asphyxiates - gases which dilute or replace the oxygen normally in the
atmosphere; or
 are oxidizing - gases which may, generally by providing oxygen, cause or
contribute to the combustion of other material more than air does; or
 do not come under other classes.

Note: Gasses of class 2.2 are not subject to


the provisions of the IMDG Code if:
They are transported at less than 200
kPa at 20C and are not liquefied or Affix
refrigerated liquefied gases; or Class 2.2
They are contained in:
- Foodstuffs
label
- Balls intended for sport here
- Tyres (except air transport)
Note: For lamps see 1.1.1.9

Vol. 1, Chapter 2.2.2.2, 2.2.2.5 & 2.2.2.6

eg. fire extinguishers; oxygen cylinders; cryogenic liquids, argon;


helium compressed; nitrous oxide.

DG by Sea 2016: V4 19
Classification

Class 2.3 — Toxic gas Notes


Gases which:
 are known to be so toxic or corrosive to humans as to pose a hazard to
health; or
 are presumed to be toxic or corrosive to humans because they have a
LC50 (Lethal Concentration) value equal to or less than 5,000 ml/m3 (ppm)
when tested in accordance with the toxic criteria, class 6.1.
Note: gases meeting the above criteria owing to their corrosiveness are to be classified
as a toxic gas with a corrosive sub-risk, i.e.: 2.3(8).

Affix eg. chlorine; ammonia solution


Class 2.3 (more than 50% ammonia);
fluorine compressed; toxic
label insecticide gases.
here

Vol. 1, Chapter 2.2.2.3

Classification of aerosols, UN 1950


The division of class 2 and any subsidiary risks depend on the nature of the
contents of the aerosol dispenser. Further classification information for aerosols
can be found in Special Provision 63 of the IMDG Code
Vol. 2, Chapter 3.3, Special Provision 63

Precedence of hazard
Gases and mixtures of gases with hazards associated with more than one class
take the following precedence:
Class 2.3 (Toxic) takes precedence over ALL OTHER CLASSES (Except for
segregation purposes)
Class 2.1 takes precedence over class 2.2
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.2.2.4

Mixtures of gases
The classification of gas mixtures (including vapours of substances from other
classes) is provided in Chapter 2.2.3 based on flammability, toxicity, corrosive
nature and oxidizing effects.
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.2.3

Gases not accepted for transport


Chemically unstable gases shall not be accepted for transport unless the necessary
precautions have been taken to prevent the possibility of a dangerous
decomposition or polymerization under normal conditions of transport, or unless
they are transported in accordance with packing provision (r) of packing
instruction P200 (5). Further information can be found in special provision 386.
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.2.4

DG by Sea 2016: V4 20
Classification

CLASS 3 - Flammable Liquids Notes

Chapter 2.3

Definitions and general provisions


Flammable liquids include:
1. Flammable liquids, defined as liquids, or mixtures of liquids, or liquids
containing solids in solution or suspension, that give off flammable
vapour at temperatures not greater than 60°C closed-cup test (corresponding
with 65.6°C open-cup test). This is normally referred to as the 'Flash Point';
and
2. Liquid desensitized explosives which are explosives dissolved or suspended
in water or other liquid substances to form a homogeneous liquid to suppress
their explosive properties.

However, a substance with a flash point greater than 35°C which:


- does not sustain combustion; or
- has a fire point greater than 100°C; or
- is miscible with a water content more than 90% by mass;
it is not restricted as a flammable liquid.
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.3.1

Affix
Class 3
label eg. paint; perfumery products;
here varnishes; petrol; adhesives;
medicines; some alcoholic
beverages, some coating
solutions, acetal.

Assignment of packing groups


Flammable liquids are assigned packing groups according to their flashpoint,
boiling point and viscosity. The following table shows the relationship between
two of these characteristics.
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.3.2.6

Class 3 - Packing Group based on Flammability

Packing group Flashpoint in °C closed-cup (c.c.) Initial boiling point in °C

I - ≤ 35
II < 23 > 35
III ≥ 23 to ≤ 60 > 35

DG by Sea 2016: V4 21
Classification

Viscous flammable liquids such as paint, enamel, varnish, adhesives Notes


and polish with a flash point of less than 23°C may still be assigned to Packing
Group III provided certain criteria are satisfied. Flow time tests and solvent
separation tests must have been conducted to determine viscosity.

Viscous substances that have a flash point equal to or above 23°C and below or
equal to 60°C, that are not toxic, corrosive or environmentally hazardous (or are
environmentally hazardous but are being transported in inner or single packages
of 5L or less), have no more than 20% nitrocellulose, (provided the nitrocellulose
contains not more than 12.6% nitrogen by dry mass); and are packed in
receptacles not exceeding 30 L capacity are not subject to the provisions for the
marking, labelling and testing of packages if they comply with the conditions of
Chapter 2.3.2.5.

The statement “Transport in accordance with 2.3.2.5 of the IMDG Code” must be
included on the transport document. Vol. 1, Chapter 2.3.2.2-2.3.2.5

Determination of flashpoint
The flash point of a liquid is the lowest temperature at which a liquid gives off
sufficient vapour to form an ignitable mixture with air. Don’t confuse flash point
with ignition temperature which is the temperature to which a vapour-air
concentration must be heated to cause an actual explosion. There is no
relationship between flash point and ignition temperature.

The flash point of a liquid may vary dependent on the construction of the test
apparatus and procedure followed. There are several standard test apparatus
currently in use however they all operate on the same principle: a quantity of
liquid is introduced into a receptacle at a temperature well below expected flash
point then slowly heated; a small flame is periodically brought near the surface
of the liquid. The flash point is the lowest temperature at which a “flash” is
observed.

Test methods can be divided into two main groups: open-cup tests which use an
uncovered receptacle; and closed-cup tests where the receptacle is covered and
only opened to admit the flame. Closed-cup test methods are generally more
accurate than open-cup test so are therefore preferred.

Flashpoint data referred to in the IMDG Code is generally based on closed-cup


test methods so where open cup methods have been used this must be taken into
consideration and the resulting temperature reduced accordingly.

A list of Standard documents describing test methods used in certain countries for
the determination of flash points is provided for reference.
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.3.3

Note: For flammable liquids the flashpoint must supplement the dangerous goods
description on the transport document.

Determination of initial boiling point


International, National and alternative standards are published in this Chapter.
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.3.4

DG by Sea 2016: V4 22
Classification

CLASS 4 - Flammable Solids; Notes

- Substances Liable to Spontaneous


Combustion;
- Substances Which, in Contact with
Water, Emit Flammable Gases
Chapter 2.4
Definitions and general provisions
Class 4 deals with substances, other than explosives, which under conditions of
transport, are readily combustible or may cause or contribute to fire.
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.4.1
Class 4 is subdivided as follows:

Class 4.1 - Flammable solids


This division includes:
Affix
Class 4.1
label
here

 Flammable solids
These are solids which, under the normal conditions encountered in transport are
readily combustible or may cause or contribute to fire through friction.
Readily combustible solids are fibres, powdered, granular or pasty substances
which are dangerous if they can be easily ignited by brief contact with an ignition
source, such as a burning match, and if the flame spreads rapidly.
The danger may not only come from fire but also toxic combustion products.
Metal powders can be particularly dangerous because of the difficulty of
extinguishing a fire, as normal extinguishing agents such as water or carbon
dioxide can increase the hazard.
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.4.2.2.1

 Self-reactive substances
These are thermally unstable substances liable to undergo a strongly exothermic
decomposition even without the participation of oxygen (air) which results in
them being liable to catch fire during transport.
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.4.2.3

Any substance that shows properties of a self-reactive substance should be


classified as such, even if it gives positive tests results according to 2.4.3.2 for
inclusion to class 4.2.
This decomposition may be initiated by contact with catalytic impurities (eg.
acids & heavy metal compounds, bases), heat, friction or impact. Decomposition
may also result in fire or toxic gases or vapours being emitted. Some self-reactive
substances may decompose explosively, particularly if confined, or burn
vigorously.

DG by Sea 2016: V4 23
Classification

Self-reactive substances are classified into seven different types according to the Notes
degree of danger they represent, Type A (forbidden) to Type G (not restricted).
Self-reactive substances permitted for transport in packaging are listed in section
2.4.2.3.2.3, for IBC’s in Packing Instruction IBC520, and for Portable Tanks in
Tank Instruction T23.
Classification must be done by the national competent authority of the country of
origin.
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.4.2.3.2

 Solid desensitized explosives


Substances which are wetted with water or alcohol or are diluted with other
substances to form a homogeneous solid mixture to suppress their explosive
properties.
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.4.2.4

 Polymerizing substances
These substances are liable to undergo a strongly exothermic reaction when
without stabilization, resulting in the formation of larger particles or polymers.
Substances are polymerizing substances when (as packaged) their SAPT (self-
accelerating polymerization temperature) is ≤75°C, they exhibit a heat reaction of
more than 300J/g, and they do not meet any other criteria for inclusion in classes
1-8. They may require temperature control during transport.
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.4.2.5

Class 4.2 Substances liable to spontaneous combustion


Self-heating of substances, leading to spontaneous combustion, which is caused
by reaction of the substance with oxygen (in the air) and the heat developed not
being conducted away rapidly enough to the surroundings.
Spontaneous combustion occurs when the rate of heat production exceeds
the rate of heat loss and the auto-ignition temperature is reached.

eg. carbon (animal or vegetable); oily


cotton waste; copra; some animal or
vegetable fibres; white phosphorus.

Division 4.2 includes:



Pyrophoric substances
These are substances, including mixtures and
solutions (liquid or solid) which even in small
quantities ignite within five minutes of
coming into contact with air.

 Self-heating substances
These are other substances which when in contact with air and without an energy
supply are liable to self heating. These substances will ignite only when in large
quantities (kilograms) and after long periods of time (hours or days).
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.4.3

Assignment to packing groups for Class 4.2 substances is covered in chapter


2.4.3.3.

DG by Sea 2016: V4 24
Classification

Notes
Class 4.3 Substances which, in contact with water,
emit flammable gases
Liquids or solids which, by interaction with water, are liable to become
spontaneously flammable or to give off flammable gases in dangerous quantities.

eg. batteries containing


sodium; lithium; sodium;
zinc ashes. Calcium
carbide

Note: If a substance is referred to as “Water-reactive” it indicates that the


substance emits flammable gas when in contact with water.
Certain substances on contact with water emit flammable gases in such quantities
that an explosive mixture with air will be formed. These mixtures can be easily
ignited by ordinary sources such as light bulbs, sparking hand tools, naked lights,
or by the heat of the reaction.
Some materials of Class 4.3 may give off toxic gases when in contact with
moisture, water or acids.

Assignment to a packing group for Class 4.3 substances is covered in Chapter


2.4.4.3.
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.4.4

DG by Sea 2016: V4 25
Classification

CLASS 5 — Oxidizing Substances and Notes

Organic Peroxides.
Chapter 2.5
Class Five is divided into two classes as follows:
Class 5.1 - Oxidizing substances
Substances which, while themselves not necessarily combustible, yield oxygen
and may cause or contribute to combustion of other material. Such substances
may be contained in an article.
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.5.1

e.g. Ammonium nitrate fertilizers,


Affix chemical oxygen generators, pool
chlorine, bleaches, calcium chlorate,
Class 5.1 etc...
label
here

Because Oxidizers evolve oxygen they substantially increase the risk and
intensity of fire in other materials. Most react violently with liquid acids and
evolve toxic gases when involved in a fire.

Mixtures of Oxidizing Substances and many materials, even flour, sugar, edible
oils, mineral oils etc., are dangerous. These mixtures may be readily ignited by
friction or impact and may burn violently and lead to explosion.
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.5.2.1

Testing procedures for the classification and allocation of packing groups for
solid oxidizers are given in Chapter 2.5.2.2, and liquid oxidizers in Chapter
2.5.2.3.
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.5.2.2

DG by Sea 2016: V4 26
Classification

Class 5.2 - Organic peroxides Notes


Substances which are organic and contain the bivalent -O-O- (oxygen
atoms connected in a chain). They may be considered to be derivatives
of hydrogen peroxide where one or both of the hydrogen atoms have
replaced by organic radicals.

Organic Peroxides are thermally unstable and may undergo exothermic self-
accelerating decomposition. In addition, they may have one or more of the
following properties:
 liable to explosive decomposition;
 Evolve harmful or flammable gases or vapours;
 burn vigorously;
 sensitive to impact or friction;
 react dangerously with other substances;
 cause damage to the eyes and skin.

Vol. 1, Chapter 2.5.1

e.g. Methyl ethyl ketone peroxide (MEKP– used as the activator in some resin
kits and also as a cleaning agent).

Organic Peroxides classified into one of seven groups, ORGANIC PEROXIDE


TYPE A, B, C, D, E, F or G, according to their degree of hazard.

ORGANIC PEROXIDES TYPE A which can detonate or deflagrate, when


packed for transport, are FORBIDDEN for carriage.

ORGANIC PEROXIDES TYPE B-F classification directly relates to the


maximum quantity allowed of material in any one package.

ORGANIC PEROXIDES TYPE G are substances that will not detonate or


deflagrate and show no effect when heated and are therefore exempt from class
5.2.

Formulations already assigned to a generic name are listed in Chapter 2.5.3.2.4


and assigned an OP packing method which is cross reference in the Packing
Instructions. Formulations not listed must be assigned to UN numbers and
Proper Shipping Names by the national competent authority of the country of
origin. Classification principles are as per chapter 2.5.3.3.
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.5.3.2

DG by Sea 2016: V4 27
Classification

CLASS 6 - Toxic and Infectious Substances Notes

Chapter 2.6
Class Six is subdivided into two classes:
Class 6.1 - Toxic substances
Substances liable to cause death, serious injury or harm to human health if
swallowed or inhaled, or in contact with the skin. Toxic has the same meaning as
poisonous.
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.6.1

eg. pesticides & some


herbicides; arsenic; barium;
chloroform; cyanide; some
disinfectants; nicotine.

The danger of an unsuspecting person inhaling vapours some distance from the
cargo and physical contact have been taken into consideration in the context of
the probability of an accident occurring during carriage by sea.
Nearly all toxic substances give off toxic gases when involved in a fire or when
heated to decomposition.
Substances specified as “stabilized” must not be transported in an unstabilized
condition. Vol. 1, Chapter 2.6.2.1.4

Packing group assignment


Toxic substances, for packaging purposes, are assigned to packing groups
according to their degree of hazard.
The packing groups are allocated through human experience in incidents of
accidental poisoning, or if this data is not available, from tests on animals.
Three routes of administration are examined which are oral ingestion, dermal
contact and inhalation of dusts, mists or vapours. Vol. 1, Chapter 2.6.2.2

Grouping criteria for administration through oral ingestion,


dermal contact and inhalation of dusts and mists
Packing group Oral toxicity Dermal toxicity Inhalation toxicity
LD50 LD50 by dusts and mists
(mg/kg) (mg/kg) LC50 (one hour)
(mg/L)

I ≤ 5.0 ≤ 50 ≤ 0.2
II > 5.0 and ≤ 50 > 50 and ≤ 200 > 0.2 and ≤ 2.0
III > 50 and ≤ 300 . > 200 and ≤ 1000 >2.0 and ≤ 4.0

Substances not accepted for transport


Chemically unstable substances shall not be transported unless the necessary
precautions are taken to prevent dangerous decomposition or polymerization, as
per special provision 386. Vol. 1, Chapter 2.6.2.5

DG by Sea 2016: V4 28
Classification

Class 6.2 — Infectious substances Notes


Definition
Substances known or reasonably expected to contain pathogens. Pathogens are
defined as micro-organisms (including bacteria, viruses, rickettsiae, parasites,
fungi) and other agents such a prions, which can cause disease in humans or
animals.

eg. HIV, Hepatitis, Ross River


Affix Virus, Ebola Virus, Lassa Virus
used needles & swabs.
Class 6.2
label
here

The following materials may fall within the classification of infectious substances:
♦ Infectious substances;
♦ Biological products (manufactured products such as vaccines);
♦ Cultures (laboratory stocks of pathogens, grown in laboratory conditions)
♦ Patient specimens (blood, tissue, body parts, excreta samples etc.)
♦ Genetically modified micro-organisms and organisms.
♦ Medical and clinical waste (used needles, bandages soaked with body
fluids, etc).
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.6.3.1
Infectious substances must be assigned to:
UN 2814, “INFECTIOUS SUBSTANCE, AFFECTING HUMANS”; or
UN 2900, “INFECTIOUS SUBSTANCE, AFFECTING ANIMALS; or
UN 3291, “MEDICAL WASTE N.O.S.”; or
UN 3373, “BIOLOGICAL SUBSTANCE CATEGORY B”
as appropriate, and are divided into the categories below.

Category A: An infectious substance which, when exposure to it occurs, is


capable of causing permanent disability, life-threatening or fatal disease to
humans or animals.
Category B: An infectious substance which does not meet the criteria for
inclusion in Category A. Infectious substances in Category B must be
assigned to UN 3373 “Biological substance, Category B”.
Category B infectious substances must be appropriately packed but no hazard label
or documentation is required.
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.6.3.2

Medical or clinical waste containing Category A infectious substances or cultures


must be assigned to UN 2814 or UN 2900, as appropriate. Medical or clinical
waste containing Category B infectious substances must be assigned to UN 3291,
“(BIO) MEDICAL WASTE N.O.S.” or “CLINICAL WASTE, UNSPECIFIED,
N.O.S.”, or “REGULATED MEDICAL WASTE N.O.S.”.
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.6.3.5

DG by Sea 2016: V4 29
Classification

CLASS 7 - Radioactive Material Notes

Chapter 2.7
Definition: Radioactive material means any material containing radionuclides
where both the activity concentration and total activity in the consignment exceed
the values specified in 2.7.2.2.1. to 2.7.2.2.6.

Chapter 2.7.1.3. provides specific terms relating to Radioactive Materials.

There are different groups of radioactive material. These include:


Special Form;
Other Form (material that is not in Special Form):
Low Specific Activity (LSA);
Surface Contaminated Object (SCO);
Low dispersible radioactive material
Fissile (Uranium-233 & 235 or Plutonium-239 & 241);

A Radioactive Material may meet the definition of one or more of these groups.
UN numbers and acceptable Proper Shipping Names are published in Table
2.7.2.1.1.

Activity levels, which determine allowable package type, are obtained from Table
2.7.2.1.2.1

Special form are accompanied by a competent authority certificate to show that


they are in a physical state such that they cannot leak or contaminate other
materials.
Other form are radioactive materials not in special form.

Units of measurement
Specific activity, which is essentially a measure of quantity, is measured in
multiples of becquerel (Bq) though was traditionally measured in curie (Ci).
The radiation dose-equivalent is measured in "sievert" (Sv) which replaces the old
unit the Rem.

Explanatory information on packing radioactives


The packing requirements for radioactive materials vary dependent on the
radionuclide being transported. Consideration is always given to radiation, and if
the material is not in Special Form, the possibility of leakage. With packaging
designed for fissile material the possibility of criticality is also considered.

Types of Packaging
Packages for radioactive materials serve two functions. In addition to providing
containment, as do all packages, they must also provide protection from radiation.
Therefore selecting the type of packaging for Radioactive Material depends on
the activity, physical state, and the potential for contaminating people and the
environment.

DG by Sea 2016: V4 30
Classification

The types of packaging used for transporting radioactives are as follows: Notes

EXCEPTED PACKAGES - Provided that the radiation level at any point of the
external package does not exceed 5 µsv/h and the requirements of 1.5.1.5 have
been met, excepted packages may be used when the radioactives are:
- in limited quantities;
- instruments;
- manufactured articles of natural uranium, depleted uranium or natural
thorium; or
- empty packages.
Categorization, labelling and shipper's declaration are not required.
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.7.2.4.1 & 5.1.5.4

INDUSTRIAL PACKAGING - may be used for low specific activity (LSA)


material and surface contaminated objects (SCO) with radiation levels not
exceeding 10 mSv/h at an unshielded distance of 3 m. Chapter 4.1.9.2

TYPE A PACKAGING - Table 2.7.2.2.1 shows the maximum specific


activities (quantity) that Type A packages may contain for common
radionuclides. For greater activities the shipper must use Type B(U), Type B(M)
or Type C packaging. Vol. 1, Chapter 2.7.2.4.4

TYPE B(U), TYPE B(M) and TYPE C PACKAGING - may be used for
radioactive materials not otherwise classified in 2.7.2.4.1 to 2.7.2.4.5 and
classified in accordance with the competent authority approval certificate for the
package issued by the country of origin of design.

The contents of a Type B(U), Type B(M) or Type C package shall be as specified
in the certificate of approval.
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.7.2.4.6

The amount of radiation coming off the finished package


is then measured and a transport index assigned

General provisions concerning Class 7


Provisions relating to scope and application of the Code for class 7 radioactives,
protection programs and quality assurance programs are published in Chapter 1.5
of the Code. Non-compliance measures are also specified.

This chapter also advises specific provisions required for the transport of
Excepted Packages of Radioactive Materials.
Vol. 1, Chapter 1.5

DG by Sea 2016: V4 31
Classification

Transport index Notes


The transport index is a number assigned to a package, or group of packages,
rounded up to one decimal place. It represents the amount of radiation emitted
from the finished package and, for fissile material, nuclear criticality. Generally
it is based on the maximum radiation level, measured for one hour, at a distance
of one metre from the surface of the completed package. It is used to provide
control over radiation exposure by translating into minimum safe separation
distances for loading and storage.

Table 5.1.5.3.4 Categories of packages and overpacks


Conditions

Transport index Maximum radiation level at any point Category


on external surface

0ª Not more than 0.005 mSv/h I-White

More than 0 but not more than 1ª More than 0.005 mSv/h but not more than 0.5 mSv/h II-Yellow

More than 1 but not more than 10 More than 0.5 mSv/h but not more than 2 mSv/h III-Yellow

More than 10 More than 2 mSv/h but not more than 10 mSv/h III-Yellow and also under exclusive use

ª If the TI is not greater than 0.05, the value quoted may be zero in accordance with 10.5.14 (Appendix G 10.5.16)

Should also be transported under exclusive use.


b
Vol. 1, Chapter 5.1.5.3.4

Categories of labels

Affix
II-Yellow
Affix Affix
label
I-White III-Yellow
here
label label
here here

Transport Index = >1

Transport Index = 0 Transport Index = 0 ≤1


Class 7 materials the spaces on the labels should be completed as follows:
(i) Contents - the symbol of the radionuclide;
(ii) Activity - expressed in becquerels;
and for categories II-Yellow and III-Yellow only;
(iii) the Transport Index.

Fissile material label


The criticality safety index label is required next
to each group of hazard labels on packages FISSILE
containing fissile material, other than fissile
excepted. The labels must be inscribed with the
criticality safety index as stated on the certificate CRITICALITY
SAFETY INDEX
of approval of the package design.
Vol. 1, Chapter 5.2.2.1.12 7

DG by Sea 2016: V4 32
Classification

CLASS 8 -Corrosive Materials Notes

Chapter 2.8
Corrosive substances are substances which, by chemical action,
will cause severe damage when in contact with living tissue or, in the case of
leakage, will materially damage, or even destroy, other goods or the means of
transport.
Where a material can cause particularly severe personal damage an indication of
the nature of the injury is made against that substance in the Dangerous Goods
List. E.g. “causes (severe) burns to skin, eyes and mucous membranes”.
If the term “Corrosive to most metals” is included in the Dangerous Goods List it
is an indication that the substance is likely to attack any metal in the ship or its
cargo. Other statements will indicate the precise metals or situations in which
destruction is likely to occur from the substance or vapours.
Care should be taken with corrosives as many react violently with water and some
may give off corrosive or toxic gases. Therefore they should be protected during
packing and loading against moisture and sea water.
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.8.1
eg. wet batteries; hydrochloric acid;
sulphuric acid; some dyes and
disinfectants.

Packing group criteria Affix


Corrosives are assigned to packing groups on
the basis of experience. New substances, Class 8
including mixtures, can be judged by the label
length of time of contact necessary to cause here
full thickness destruction of intact skin tissue.
Their effects on metal are also taken into
consideration.
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.8.2

TABLE 2.8.2.5 - Table summarizing the criteria in 2.8.2.5


Packing Exposure Time Observation Corrosion rate on steel/aluminium
Group Time

I ≤ 3 min ≤ 60 min Full thickness destruction of intact skin

II > 3 min ≤ 1 h ≤ 14 d Full thickness destruction of intact skin


III >1h≤4h ≤ 14 d Full thickness destruction of intact skin

III - - Corrosion rate on steel or aluminium surfaces


exceeding 6.25 mm a year at a test
temperature of 55°C when tested on both
materials
Note: h = hours, d = days.

Substances not accepted for transport


Chemically unstable substances shall not be transported unless the necessary
precautions are taken to prevent dangerous decomposition or polymerization, as
per special provision 386. Vol. 1, Chapter 2.8.3

DG by Sea 2016: V4 33
Classification

CLASS 9 — Miscellaneous Dangerous Notes

Articles and Substances


Chapter 2.9
This class covers substances and articles which, during transport
may present a danger not covered by the other classes.
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.9.1
Class 9 includes:
Substances which, on inhalation as fine dust, may
endanger health;
Substances evolving flammable vapour;
Lithium batteries (See chapter 2.9.4); Affix
Capacitors; Class 9
Life-saving appliances;
Substances and articles which, in the event of fire, label
may form dioxins; here
Substances transported or offered for transport at
elevated temperatures;
Environmentally hazardous substances;
Genetically modified micro-organisms (GMMO)
and genetically modified organisms (GMO); Affix
Other substances or articles presenting a danger
during transport, but not meeting the definitions of Li Battery
another class. label
Chapter 2.9 of the Code lists the UN numbers and proper shipping here
names in each category listed above.
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.9.2.2

Environmentally hazardous substances


(aquatic environment)
Solid or liquid substances and mixtures, pollutant to the aquatic environment
(such as preparations or wastes).

The basic classification elements are: acute aquatic toxicity; potential for or actual
bioaccumulation; degradation for organic chemicals; and chronic aquatic toxicity.
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.9.3

Substances shall be classified as "environmentally hazardous substances (aquatic


environment)", if they satisfy the criteria for Acute 1, Chronic 1 or Chronic 2,
according to the tables in Chapter 2.9.3.3 of the Code.

Mixtures classification categories and criteria


The approach for classification of aquatic environmental hazards is tiered and
dependent upon the type of information available for the mixture itself and its
ingredients. Elements of the tiered approach include:
.1 classification based on tested mixtures;
.2 classification based on bridging principles;
.3 the use of "summation of classified ingredients" and/or an "additivity
formula".
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.9.3.4.2

DG by Sea 2016: V4 34
Classification

Marine Pollutants Notes


Chapter 2.10
Marine pollutants are subject to Annex III of MARPOL 73/78 and therefore
subject to the IMDG Code because of their potential to bioaccumulate in
aquatic organisms or high toxicity to marine life.

In the MP column of the IMDG Code Volume 2 Index, or in Column 4 of the


Dangerous Goods List, marine pollutants are identified with the symbol P.
Marine pollutants shall be transported under the appropriate entry according to
their properties if they fall within classes 1-8.

Where the marine pollutant does not fall within Classes 1 to 8 but is identified
as presenting a hazard to the marine environment then the materials should be
transported as Class 9:
 ENVIRONMENTALLY HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE, SOLID, UN
3077 or
 ENVIRONMENTALLY HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE, LIQUID, UN
3082, as appropriate.
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.10

Classification information for Marine Pollutants can be found in Chapter 2.9.3


of the IMDG Code.

Advisory information about a substances toxicology and ecological effects can


be found on Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) to assist with classification.

If in doubt whether an item is a Marine Pollutant or not based on available


information the safest option must be taken, designating the substance a
‘Marine Pollutant’.

Note: The words “Marine Pollutant“ must supplement the dangerous goods
description on the transport document (see 5.1.1.4)

NOT RESTRICTED
Marine pollutants, that do not meet the criteria of any of dangerous good, and
are packaged with, for each single package or inner package:
A net quantity of 5 L or less for liquids, or
A net mass of 5 kg or less for solids.
are NOT SUBJECT to the IMDG Code.
The minimum packaging standards must still be maintained to prevent
leakage.
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.10.2.7

Classification as a marine pollutant does not apply to Class 7 Radioactive


Materials.
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.10.3.2

DG by Sea 2016: V4 35
Classification

Classification of Substances with More Than Notes

One Hazard – Chapter 2.0.3


The table of precedence of hazard characteristics should be used as a guide when
determining the primary class of a substance, mixture or solution having more
than one hazard when it is NOT SPECIFICALLY LISTED by name in the Code.
The table indicates which hazard takes precedence over the other(s) - which is the
PRIMARY hazard.

Precedence of Hazard Table (Chapter 2.0.3.6)

Vol. 1, Chapter 2.0.3

Example:
A substance is tested and it is determined it has two hazards;
Class 3, PG II and Class 6.1, PG II. (Oral toxicity)

Using the table above we plot both hazards to determine the primary risk and
therefore also the subsidiary risk. The greatest PG risk takes precedence.
Where the two hazards intersect, Class 3 is shown as the primary risk.

It’s classification therefore is


Primary hazard - Class 3, subsidiary risk - Class 6.1, assigned to PG II.

DG by Sea 2016: V4 36
Classification

Selecting a Proper Shipping Name Notes

Chapter 2.0.2
Dangerous goods are assigned to UN numbers and proper shipping names
according to their hazard classification and composition.
There are four types of proper shipping names in the Code:
1. Single substance or article names (eg. acetone, cyanide, etc.);
2. Generic Group entries (eg. paints, adhesives, etc.); or
N.O.S. (Not Otherwise Specified) entries:
3. Specific chemical or technical groups (Nitrates, inorganic N.O.S.); and
4. General hazard descriptions (eg. Flammable liquid N.O.S.).
The PROPER SHIPPING NAME used for a shipment should be the entry most
accurately describing the substance or article being transported. Where a
substance is specifically listed by name that entry should be used. Where a
substance is not listed specifically by name, and the material cannot be described
by a generic group entry, the appropriate N.O.S. entry must be used.
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.0.2.7

If a shipper identifies different classifications for a substance than specified by


the Dangerous Goods List, they may consign the substance to a N.O.S. entry that
covers all hazards identified, or use the same proper shipping name and primary
class listed, adding any additional hazards as subsidiary risks. Note: to change
the classification of a listed dangerous good, competent authority approval must
be sought. Refer to the IMDG Code. Chapter 2.0.0.2
A solution or mixture containing a single dangerous substance named in the
Code and one or more non-restricted substances, should be shipped in accordance
with the requirements for the dangerous component, except where:
1. The solution or mixture is specifically listed elsewhere in the Code; or
2. The entry in the Code indicates that it applies only to pure or technically
pure substances; or
3. The class, physical state or packing group is not the same as that of the listed
dangerous article; or
4. There is a significant change in the measures to be taken in an emergency.
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.0.2.5
When considering a solution or mixture in accordance with the above, due
account shall be given to whether the dangerous constituent comprising the
solution or mixture has been identified as a marine pollutant.
Solutions or mixtures as above should be qualified with the word “SOLUTION”
or “MIXTURE”, as appropriate, in the proper shipping name. e.g. ‘Butane
Mixture’. Vol. 1, Chapter 3.1.3
Mixtures or solutions with more than one hazard but not identified by name in the
dangerous goods list shall be assigned to an entry that most precisely describes
the mixture or solution. Vol. 1, Chapter 2.0.2.10
Example: The substance classified on the previous page will have a general
hazard proper shipping name: “FLAMMABLE LIQUID, TOXIC, N.O.S.”

DG by Sea 2016: V4 37
Classification

SAFETY DATA SHEETS (SDS) and Notes

EMERGENCY PROCEDURE GUIDES (EPG)


Safety data sheet (SDS)
Material safety data sheets (MSDS) or Safety Data Sheets (SDS) are documents
that should be obtained for all hazardous, or potentially hazardous materials used
in the workplace. They are sourced from the product manufacturer or supplier
and, for the purposes of occupational health and safety identify the properties,
possible dangers and associated emergency procedures of a material, in order to
protect all who may use, or come into contact with, the goods.

Just because an item has an SDS, it is not necessarily restricted for sea transport.
The product may be a low level irritant, or be in such small concentrations that
the hazard is negligible.

Note: The classification given to an item is often based on Global


Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) and
Worksafe recommendations. Special care should be taken to ensure the item
is also classified, and therefore packaged, correctly for SEA TRANSPORT.

Further, you should read the SDS in its entirety. Don’t rely solely on the first
section. Even if the field for the UN Number in section 14 says “Not
Applicable”, or “N/A”, you should still read through the whole SDS and check
the information against the properties of the classes.

Safety Data Sheet (SDS):


All MSDSs will have been replaced by SDSs by the 1 January 2017;
MSDSs and SDSs are both valid for 5 years from date of last revision;
Overseas MSDSs or SDSs must comply with the Australian Work Health
and Safety (WHS) requirements (including requiring an Australian
manufacturers or distributors address and contact number);
In broad terms: Hazardous means long term (accumulative) harm or damage
from the chemical; Dangerous means immediate harm or damage;
GHS pictograms do not necessarily indicate a dangerous Good.

Emergency procedures guide (EPG)


EPGs serve a similar function to an MSDS and are mandatory when carrying
dangerous goods by road in large quantities. The difference between an EPG
and an MSDS is that an EPG only covers emergency procedures, so they are used
when the goods have already been identified as dangerous and have been
allocated a Proper Shipping Name, whereas an MSDS helps people detect and
determine if materials are dangerous for the different modes of transport, and it
will provide specific chemical details about the product or substance.

The EPG serves a similar function on land to the IMDG Supplement’s


Emergency Schedules (EmS) for maritime.

DG by Sea 2016: V4 38
Classification

Components of a safety data sheet (SDS) Notes


Code of Practice on Preparation of Safety Data Sheets for Hazardous Chemicals.

Section 1 – Identification
This section provides information about the identification of the hazardous
chemical, recommended uses and the contact details of the Australian
manufacturer or importer, including an emergency contact.
Section 2 – Hazard(s) Identification
This section describes the hazards of the chemical and the appropriate warning
information associated with the hazards as listed in Appendix C. The information
provided here must include a hazard classification statement explaining all the
hazards of the hazardous chemical.
Label elements, including precautionary statements
In this section the following labelling elements should be included in accordance
with the hazardous chemicals classification, as listed in Appendix C.

C4. Tables of label elements from the GHS


The tables provide the following information for each hazard class and hazard
category of the GHS:
• hazard category
• the assigned GHS symbol
• the assigned signal word
• the assigned hazard statement and code
• the assigned precautionary statements, by precautionary statement type and code.

Section 3 – Composition and Information on Ingredients


The ingredient(s) of the hazardous chemical must be identified. This includes the
identification of impurities and stabilising additives that contribute to the
classification of the hazardous chemical.
Section 4 – First Aid Measures
This section of the SDS provides information about the initial care that does not
involve the use of sophisticated equipment or access to a wide selection of
medications to be given to a person affected by a hazardous chemical. It should
state whether medical attention is required for a chemical, including the urgency
of treatment required.
Section 5 – Fire Fighting Measures
This section of the SDS provides information on how to fight a fire caused by a
hazardous chemical, or a fire arising in its vicinity.
Section 6 – Accidental Release Measures
This section of the SDS provides information on the appropriate ways to respond
to the release of chemicals, in the form of spills, leaks or other accidental release.
This is so that the adverse effects on people, property and the environment at or
near the workplace can be prevented or minimised. This information should
distinguish between responses for large and small spills where the spill volume
has a significant impact on the hazard or response.

DG by Sea 2016: V4 39
Classification

Section 7 – Handling and Storage


This section of the SDS provides guidance on safe handling and storage practices
to minimise the risks of release and exposure to the hazardous chemical. These
precautions should be appropriate to the intended use of the chemical and its
unique properties.
Section 8 – Exposure controls and personal protection
This section provides guidance on how to eliminate or minimise risks associated
with exposure to hazardous chemicals. “Exposure control” means the full range
of specific protection measures (including engineering control measures) to be
taken during the use of a hazardous chemical in order to minimise personal
exposure to the chemical.
Section 9 – Physical and Chemical Properties
This section of the SDS describes the physical and chemical properties of a Information regarding
hazardous chemical. The data should apply to the hazardous chemical as • Flash points
supplied. If the hazardous chemical is a mixture, the physicochemical data • Boiling points
should describe the mixture. If that information is not available, the • Odour
properties of the most relevant ingredients should be provided. • Colour
• Density
Section 10 – Stability and Reactivity
This section of the SDS provides information regarding the stability and reactivity
of the hazardous chemical. Information on the possibility of hazardous reactions
is necessary to ensure the safe handling and storage of chemicals and to ensure
effective fire fighting and spill control measures.
Section 11 – Toxicological Information
This section of the SDS provides toxicological information relevant to the health
hazard category assigned to the chemical using the GHS. It should be based on
expert toxicological advice and on the toxicological hazards information provided
in the GHS classification criteria.
Section 12 – Ecological Information
This section of the SDS provides information about the environmental and
ecological hazards of hazardous chemicals. This information can assist in
handling spills and evaluating waste treatment practices and should clearly
indicate species, media, units, test duration and test conditions. Where
information is not available, this also should be stated.
Section 13 – Disposal considerations
This section of the SDS provides information on the most effective way to
dispose of a chemical safely.
Section 14 – Transport Information
This section provides basic classification information for the transportation
or shipment of a hazardous chemical by road, rail, sea or air as required by Information regarding
relevant transport legislation. Where information is not available or relevant • UN number
this should be stated. • Proper shipping
name
Section 15 – Regulatory Information • Technical name
This section of the SDS provides advice on other regulatory information on • Class number
the hazardous chemical that is not provided elsewhere in the SDS. • Packing Group
Section 16 – Other information • Marine pollutant
This section of the SDS provides any other information relevant to the
preparation of the SDS.

DG by Sea 2016: V4 40
DANGEROUS GOODS LIST
Dangerous Goods List Notes

Chapter 3 .1
The Dangerous Goods List is in volume 2, and itemises the most commonly
transported dangerous goods. As it is not practical to include separate entries for
every chemical substance or article of commercial importance, the List also
includes generic or “not otherwise specified” (N.O.S.) entries.

Dangerous goods are identified by their United Nations number (UN no.) and
Proper Shipping Name, which are applicable internationally and across all the
modes of transport.

All documentation and package marks should show the UN no. and the Proper
Shipping Name in order that all those involved in handling the shipment know
exactly what they are dealing with. This is especially important for emergency
response information.

The UN no. is a four digit number which is allocated by the United Nations for a
particular dangerous good.

The Proper Shipping Name is shown in CAPITAL LETTERS in the List


(numbers, Greek letters, ‘sec’, ‘tert’, and the letters m, n, o, p, are often in
italicised lower case, but still form an integral part of the name and must be used).
Portions of an entry appearing after the proper shipping name in lower case do
not form part of the Proper Shipping Name but may be used in conjunction with
it. Vol. 2, Chapter 3.1.2.1

When conjunctions “and” or “or” are in lower case or punctuated by commas, the
entire name need not be shown, but rather the most appropriate portion, for
example:

UN 1057 LIGHTERS or LIGHTER REFILLS


The Proper Shipping Name would either be
“LIGHTERS” or “LIGHTER REFILLS”

UN 2793 FERROUS METAL BORINGS, SHAVINGS, TURNINGS or


CUTTINGS in a form liable to self-heating.
The Proper Shipping Name would either be:
“FERROUS METAL BORINGS” or
“FERROUS METAL SHAVINGS” or
“FERROUS METAL TURNINGS” or
“FERROUS METAL CUTTINGS”
Vol. 2, Chapter 3.1.2.2

Proper Shipping Names may be singular or plural, and the sequence of qualifying
words is optional.
Vol. 2, Chapter 3.1.2.3

The word “MOLTEN” must be added to the proper shipping name when a
substance which is solid is offered for transport in a molten state.

Vol. 2, Chapter 3.1.2.5

DG by Sea 2016: V4 41
Dangerous Goods List

Substances that require stabilization before transport and do not already have the Notes
word included in the name indicated in the Dangerous Goods List, the word
STABILIZED shall be added as part of the Proper Shipping Name.
Vol. 2, Chapter 3.1.2.6
Generic or “N.O.S.” entries may also require the addition of a recognised
chemical or technical name in parentheses (round brackets) following the Proper
Shipping Name. Brand or trade names should not be used. Articles and
substances having this requirement will be identified in the Dangerous Goods List
by the special provisions (e.g. 274) appearing in column 6 of the List.

For pesticides, only the ISO common name, the name used in ‘The WHO
Recommended Classification of Pesticides’, or the name of the active substance
may be included on documentation.
Vol. 2, Chapter 3.1.2.8

Marine pollutants
For generic or "not otherwise specified" (N.O.S.) entries, the Proper Shipping
Name shall be supplemented with the recognized chemical name of the marine
pollutant on the transport documents and the package marks.

Example:
UN 1263, PAINT (triethylbenzene), class 3 PG III (27°C c.c.), MARINE
POLLUTANT
Vol. 2, Chapter 3.1.2.9

Mixtures and solutions


For mixtures and solutions, the qualifying word “MIXTURE” or “SOLUTION”
as appropriate may be part of the proper shipping name, for example “ACETONE
SOLUTION”, “BUTANE MIXTURE”. In addition, the concentration of the
solution of mixture should also be indicated, such as “ACETONE 75%
SOLUTION”
Vol. 2, Chapter 3.1.3

Segregation groups
For the purpose of segregation, dangerous goods having certain similar chemical
properties have been grouped together in segregation groups. Where, in the
Dangerous Goods List in column 16b (segregation), a particular segregation
requirement refers to a group of substances, that particular segregation
requirement applies to the goods allocated. Segregation groups are listed as
follows:

1 Acids 10 Liquid halogenated hydrocarbons


2 Ammonium compounds 11 Mercury and mercury compounds
3 Bromates 12 Nitrites and their mixtures
4 Chlorates 13 Perchlorates
5 Chlorites 14 Permanganates
6 Cyanides 15 Powdered metals
7 Heavy metals and their salts 16 Peroxides
8 Hypochlorites 17 Azides
9 Lead and its compounds 18 Alkalis
Vol. 2, Chapter 3.1.4

DG by Sea 2016: V4 42
Dangerous Goods List

The Dangerous Goods List Notes

The Dangerous Goods List is divided into 18 columns as follows:

Column 1: UN No. — this column contains the United Nations Number


assigned to a dangerous good by the UN Committee of Experts on
the Transport of Dangerous Goods (UN List).

Column 2: Proper Shipping Name (PSN) — this column contains the Proper
Shipping Names in upper-case characters, which may have to be
followed by additional descriptive text in lower-case characters.
Proper Shipping Names may appear in plural where isomers of
similar classification exist. Hydrates may be included under the
Proper Shipping Name for the anhydrous substances.

Column 3: Class or division — this column contains the class, and in the case
of class 1, the division and the compatibility group assigned to the
substance or article according to the classification system.

Column 4: Subsidiary risk(s) — this column contains the class number(s) of


any subsidiary risk(s) which have been identified by applying the
classification system. This column also identifies dangerous goods
with a marine pollutant hazard with the following symbol:
P — Marine pollutant
Column 5: Packing group — this column contains the packing group number
shown in Roman numerals (ie. I, II or III) where assigned to the
substance or article. If more than one packing group is indicated for
the entry, the packing group of the substance or formulation should
be determined, based on its properties, through application of the
classification system.

Column 6: Special provisions — this column contains a number referring to any


special provision(s) indicated in chapter 3.3 of the Code that is
relevant to the substance or article. Special provisions apply to all
the packing groups permitted for a substance or article unless the
wording makes it otherwise apparent.
Once a special provision is deleted the number is not reassigned so as
to eliminate confusion. For this reason some numbers are missing.

Column 7a: Limited quantities — this column provides the maximum quantity
per inner packaging or article for transport under the provisions of
limited quantities (Chapter 3.4).

Column 7b: Excepted quantities — an alphanumeric code will appear in this


column. This code is decoded in chapter 3.5.1.2 and relates to
maximum quantities for both inner and outer packages when using
the provisions of Excepted Quantities in Chapter 3.5.

Column 8: Packing instructions — this column contains alpha-numeric codes


which refer to the relevant packing instructions. The packing
instructions indicate the packagings (including large packagings)
which may be used for the transport of substances and articles.

DG by Sea 2016: V4 43
Dangerous Goods List

A code including the letter “P” refers to packing instructions for the Notes
use of packaging described in Chapters 6.1, 6.2 and 6.3 of the Code.
A code including the letters “LP” refers to packing instructions for
the use of large packaging described in Chapter 6.6 of the Code.
When a code including the letter(s) “P” or “LP” is not provided, it
means that the substance is not allowed in that type of packaging.

Column 9: Special packing provisions — this column contains alpha-numeric


codes which refer to the relevant special packing provisions
specified in chapter 4.1.4 of the Code. The special packing
provisions indicate the packagings (including large packagings).

A special packing provision including the letters “PP” refers to a


special packing provision applicable to the use of a packing
instruction bearing the code “P”.

A special packing provision including the letters “L” refers to a


special packing provision applicable to the use of a packing
instruction bearing the code “LP”.

Column 10: IBC packing instructions — this column contains alpha-numeric


codes that refer to the relevant IBC instruction, which indicates the
type of IBC that should be used for the substance. A code including
the letters “IBC” refers to packing instructions bearing the code
“IBC”.

Column 11: IBC special provisions — this column contains alpha-numeric


code, including the letter “B”, which refers to special packing
provisions applicable to the use of packing instructions bearing the
code “IBC”.

Column 12: [Reserved]

Column 13: Tank and bulk container instructions — this column contains T
codes applicable to the transport of dangerous goods in portable
tanks and road tank vehicles.

When a T code is not provided in this column it means that the


dangerous goods are not authorized for transport in tanks unless
specifically approved by the competent authority.

BK codes refer to the type of bulk containers used for the transport
of bulk goods described in Chapters 4.3 and 6.9.

Gases in MEGCs are in the column MEGC in Tables 1 and 2 of


P200
Column 14: Tank special provisions — this column contains TP notes
applicable to the transport of dangerous goods in portable tanks and
road tank vehicles. The TP notes specified in this column apply to
the portable tanks specified in column 13.
Column 15: EmS No. — this column contains the relevant emergency schedule
for FIRE and SPILLAGE in the “Emergency Procedures for Ships
Carrying Dangerous Goods” (EmS) guide.
The first EMS code refers to the relevant Fire Schedule (eg Fire

DG by Sea 2016: V4 44
Dangerous Goods List

Schedule Alfa “F – A” is a general fire schedule). Notes


The second EMS code refers to the relevant Spillage Schedule (eg
Spillage Schedule Alfa “S – A” is for toxic substances).
Underlined EmS numbers indicate a substance, material or article for
which additional advice is given in the emergency response
procedures.
For dangerous goods allocated to N.O.S. or other generic entries, the
most appropriate emergency schedule (EmS) may vary with the
properties of the hazardous constituent. As a consequence, shippers
may have to declare different EMS codes from those indicated in
this Code if, to their knowledge, such codes are more appropriate.
Note: Provisions of this column are not mandatory.
Column 16a:Stowage and handling — this column contains the stowage and
handling codes as specified in Chapter 7.1.5 and 7.1.6.

Column 16b:Segregation — this column contains the segregation codes as


specified in Chapter 7.2.8.
Column 17: Properties and observations — this column contains properties
and observations of a dangerous good.
For most gases, this includes an indication of its density in relation
to air, given in brackets.
.1 “lighter than air” when the vapour density is down to half that of
air;
.2 “much lighter than air” when the vapour density is less than half
that of air;
.3 “heavier than air” when the vapour density is up to twice that of
air;
.4 “much heavier than air” when the vapour density is more than
twice that of air;
When explosive limits are given, these refer to the volume
percentage of the vapour of the substance when mixed with air.
The ease and extent to which different liquids mix with water varies
greatly and most entries have included an indication of miscibility.
In these cases “miscible with water” normally means capable of
being mixed with water in all proportions to form a completely
homogeneous liquid.
Column 18: UN No. — see column 1.
Vol. 2, Chapter 3.2.1

DG by Sea 2016: V4 45
Dangerous Goods List

Abbreviations and symbols Notes


The following abbreviations and symbols are used in the Dangerous Goods List
and have the meanings shown:
Vol. 2, Chapter 3.2.2
Abbreviation/symbol Column Meaning
N.O.S. 2 Not otherwise specified

P 4 Marine pollutant

Special provisions
Certain substances and articles by sea transport have additional requirements over
and above what is stated in both the Dangerous Goods List and the Packing
Instructions. These are called Special Provisions, and if any are applicable to a
certain UN No, they will be listed by number in column 6 of the List. Special
provisions apply to all the packing groups permitted for a substance or article
unless stated otherwise, and are in Chapter 3.3 in Volume 2 of the Code.
Vol. 2, Chapter 3.3.1

For example, in the extract of the Dangerous Goods List on the following page:

UN 1760 CORROSIVE LIQUID, N.O.S.

Column 6 shows special provisions 223 and 274 which say:

223 If the chemical or physical properties of a substance covered by this


description are such that, when tested, it does not meet the
established defining criteria for the class or division listed in column
3, or any other class or division, it is not subject to the provisions of
this Code except in the case of a marine pollutant where 2.10.3
applies.

274 For the purposes of documentation and package marking, the


Proper Shipping Name shall be supplemented with the technical
name (see 3.1.2.8.1).

The special provision numbers specific and unique to sea transport start from 900.

DG by Sea 2016: V4 46
UN Proper Shipping Name Class Subsidiary Packing Special Limited and excepted Packing IBC Portable Tanks and bulk EmS Stowage and Segregation Properties and observations UN
No. (PSN) or risk(s) group provisions quantity provisions containers handling No.
divi-
sion Limited Excepted Instru- Provisions Instruc- Provisions Tank Provisions
Quantity Quantity ctions tions Instruc-
tions

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7a) (7b) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16a) (16b) (17) (18)
3.1.2 2.0 2.0 2.0.1.3 3.3 3.4 3.5 4.1.4 4.1.4 4.1.4 4.1.4 4.2.5 4.2.5 5.4.3.2 7.1 7.2-7.7
4.3 7.8 7.3-7.7

0065 CORD, DETONATING flexible 1.1D - - - 0 E0 P139 PP71 - - - - - F-B, S-X Category 04 - See glossary of terms in appendix B 0065

DG by Sea 2016: V4
PP72 SW1

1569 BROMOACETONE 6.1 3 II - 0 E0 P602 - - - - T20 TP2 F-E, S-D Category D - When pure, colourless liquid evolving 1569
p TP13 SW2 irritating vapour (“Tear Gas”). Flash-
point: approximately 45°C c.c. Toxic if
swallowed, by skin contact or by
inhalation.

1760 CORROSIVE LIQUID N.O.S 8 - I 274 0 E0 P001 - - - - T14 TP2 F-A, S-B Category B - Causes burns to skin, eyes and 1760
TP27 SW2 mucous membranes.

1760 CORROSIVE LIQUID N.O.S 8 - II 274 1L E2 P001 - IBC02 - - T11 TP1 F-A, S-B Category B - See entry above. 1760
TP27 SW2

1760 CORROSIVE LIQUID N.O.S 8 - III 223 5L E1 P001 - IBC03 - - T7 TP1 F-A, S-B Category A - See entry above. 1760
274 LP01 TP28 SW2

1823 SODIUM HYDROXIDE, SOLID 8 - II - 1 kg E2 P002 - IBC08 B2 - T3 TP33 F-A, S-B Category A SG35 White pellets, flakes, lumps or solid 1823
B4 blocks, deliquescent. Reacts with
ammonium salts, evolving ammonia
gas. In the presence of moisture,
corrosive to aluminium, zinc and tin.
Causes burns to skin, eyes and

47
mucous membranes. Reacts
violently with acids

1950 AEROSOLS 2 - - 63 See E0 P207 PP87 - - - - - F-D, S-U - SG69 — 1950


Dangerous Goods List

See 190 SP277 LP200 L2 SW1


SP63 277 SW22
327
344
381
959

2990 LIFE-SAVING APPLIANCES, 9 - - 296 0 E0 P905 - - - - - - F-A, S-V Category A SG18 These articles may contain: 2990
SELF-INFLATING SG71 .1 Class 2.2 compressed gases;
.2 signal devices (class 1), which
may include smoke and illumination
signal flares; signal devices must be
packed in plastic or fibreboard inner
packagings;
.3 electric storage batteries;
.4 first aid kit; or
.5 “strike-anywhere” matches.

3480 LITHIUM ION BATTERIES 9 - - 188 0 E0 P903 - - - - - - F-A, S-I Category A - Electrical batteries containing lithium 3480
(including lithium ion polymer 230 P908 SW19 ion encased in a rigid metallic body.
batteries) 310 P909 Lithium ion batteries may also be
348 P910 shipped in, or packed with, equip-
376 LP903 ment. Electrical lithium batteries may
377 LP904 cause fire due to an explosive rupture
384 of the body caused by improper
construction or reaction with
contaminants
LIMITED & EXCEPTED QUANTITIES
Limited Quantities Notes
Chapter 3.4
Dangerous Goods of certain classes packed in inner packages in quantities not
exceeding the amounts shown in column 7a of the Dangerous Goods List can be
transported as “Dangerous Goods in Limited Quantities”.

Packing
Dangerous goods transported under limited quantities must be packaged only in
inner packagings, not exceeding the quantities shown in column 7a of the DG list,
placed into suitable outer packagings that comply with the general packing
requirements 4.1.1.1, 4.1.1.2 and 4.1.1.4 to 4.1.1.8 and the construction standards
of 6.1.4. If the number “0” appears in column 7a, then the article or substance
cannot be transported under the provisions of limited quantities.

The total gross mass of a package containing limited quantities of


dangerous goods must not exceed 30 kg.
Vol. 2, Chapter 3.4.2.1

Shrink- or stretch-wrapped trays meeting the above requirements are acceptable as


outer packaging, except where the inner packages are breakable or easily
punctured, eg. glass or plastics, etc. The total gross mass for this type of outer
packaging must not exceed 20 kg.
Vol. 2, Chapter 3.4.2.2

Liquids of class 8, packing group II in glass, stoneware or porcelain inner


packages shall be enclosed in a compatible and rigid intermediate package before
being packed in an outer.
Vol. 2, Chapter 3.4.2.3
Stowage
The stowage codes indicated in the Dangerous Goods List, column 16a for the UN
number, are not applicable. Dangerous goods transported under the provisions of
this chapter are allocated stowage category A.
Vol. 2, Chapter 3.4.3

Segregation
Different dangerous goods must be compatible (see 7.2.6.1) before loading into
the same outer package. They must not react dangerously with each other and
cause:
1 combustion and/or evolution of considerable heat;.
2 evolution of flammable, toxic or asphyxiant gases;.
3 the formation of corrosive substances; or.
4 the formation of unstable substances..
The segregation requirements of column 16b of the Dangerous Goods List must
also be taken into consideration.

The segregation provisions of Chapter 7.2 do not apply between packages of


dangerous goods in limited quantities, or in relation to other Dangerous Goods.
Vol. 2, Chapter 3.4.4

DG by Sea 2016: V4 48
Limited and Excepted quantities

Marking and labelling Notes


Packages of dangerous goods transported under the provisions of limited
quantities:
need not be labelled nor bear the marine pollutant mark as long as inner
quantities do not exceed 5L/Kg and
need not be marked with the Proper Shipping Name; but
must be marked with the limited quantity mark as shown below

or

IMDG Limited Quantity Mark Air


Transport Limited Quantities Mark
Minimum dimensions 100 x 100 mm also acceptable for sea transport.

Note: If the package size requires, the size of the label above may be reduced to
a minimum of 50 mm x 50 mm. Vol. 2, Chapter 3.4.5

Overpacks or Unit Loads containing limited quantities must have the limited
quantity mark visible on all internal packages, otherwise the mark and the word
“OVERPACK”, in lettering at least 12mm high, must be marked on the exterior
of the overpack or unit load.

OVERPACK
Car- go
transport units only containing lim-
ited quantities of dangerous goods do not need to be placarded with a hazard
placard.
They do, however, need to be suitably marked on all four sides with the
limited quantity mark as shown above, minimum dimensions 250 x 250mm.

CTU’s containing labelled dangerous goods and limited quantities together need
only be placarded for the dangerous goods not packed as limited quantities. The
above limited quantity mark is not required. Vol. 2, Chapter 3.4.5

Documentation
The multi-modal dangerous goods form must include the words “limited
quantity” or “LTD QTY” together with the description of the shipment.
Vol. 2, Chapter 3.4.6.1

For materials with a marine pollutant hazard, the words “marine pollutant” need
not be included on multi-modal forms when inner packages contain less than 5L
or 5kg. Vol. 1, Chapter 2.10.2.7

DG by Sea 2016: V4 49
Limited and Excepted quantities

Excepted Quantities Notes

Chapter 3.5
Dangerous Goods in Excepted Quantities can be transported under the
provisions of Chapter 3.5 according to the alphanumeric code shown in column
7b against the substance in the Dangerous Goods List.
Vol. 2, Chapter 3.5.1.2

Permitted quantities

Code Maximum net quantity per inner packaging Maximum net quantity per outer packaging
(in grams for solids and ml (in grams for solids and ml for liquids
for liquids and gases) and gases, or sum of grams and ml
in the case of mixed packaging)

E0 Not permitted as Excepted Quantity


E1 30 1000
E2 30 500
E3 30 300
E4 1 500

E5 1 300

For gases, the volume indicated for inner packagings refers to the water capacity
of the inner receptacle and the volume indicated for outer packagings refers to the
combined water capacity of all inner packagings within a single outer packaging.
Vol. 2, Chapter 3.5.1.3
When excepted quantities of dangerous goods which have different codes are
packed in the same outer, the total quantity of the outer packaging shall be limited
to the most restrictive code.
Vol. 2, Chapter 3.5.1.6

Packaging
Dangerous goods transported in excepted quantities must be packed in inner
packagings with sufficient absorbent material to absorb the entire quantity of DG,
inside intermediate packagings with cushioning, inside outer packagings. The
completed package must be able to withstand the testing in Chapter 3.5.3
Vol. 2, Chapter 3.5.2—3.5.3

Marking and labelling


Packages of dangerous goods transported under the provisions
of excepted quantities are not subject to any marking, labelling
or placarding requirements other than the excepted quantities Insert
mark on each package. The mark can be red or black on a Excepted Quantities
contrasting background with minimum dimensions of 100mm x label here
100mm.
Vol. 2, Chapter 3.5.4
An overpack containing dangerous goods in excepted quantities
shall display the excepted quantities mark and the word
“OVERPACK” in lettering at least 12mm high, unless such * The primary class shall be shown here.
markings on packages within the overpack are clearly visible. ** The name of consignor or consignee if
nowhere else on package.
Vol. 2, Chapter 3.5.4.3
This label may be of the same colour,
black or red, on a white or a
contrasting colour.

DG by Sea 2016: V4 50
Limited and Excepted quantities

Documentation Notes
The multi-modal dangerous goods form must include the words “Dangerous
goods in excepted quantities” and the number of packages will be included with
the description of the shipment on the dangerous goods declaration.
Vol. 2, Chapter 3.5.6.1-5.4

Segregation
Packages of dangerous goods transported under the provisions of excepted
quantities are not subject to the segregation requirements of Chapter 7.2 to 7.7,
including the segregation codes of column 16b in the Dangerous Goods List
provided they do not react dangerously with each other (see Chapter 4.1.1.6).

The same applies to different excepted quantities in the same outer provided
they do not react dangerously with each other.
Vol. 2, Chapter 3.5.8

Stowage
The stowage codes indicated in the Dangerous Goods List, column 16a for the
UN number, are not applicable.
Dangerous goods transported under the provisions of this chapter are allocated
stowage category A.

The maximum number of packages containing dangerous goods in excepted


quantities stowed in one cargo transport unit must not exceed 1000.
Vol. 2, Chapter 3.5.5 & 3.5.7.

Quantities not subject to the Code


Dangerous Goods that have a EQ code of E1, E2 , E4 or E5 assigned to them are
NOT SUBJECT to these regulations as long as:
1. The maximum net quantity per inner is limited to 1 mL or 1 g;
2. The provisions of 3.5.2 & 3.5.3 - PACKAGING - are met; and
3. The maximum net quantity for the entire outer package does not exceed
100 mL or 100 g.
Vol. 2, Chapter 3.5.1.4

DG by Sea 2016: V4 51
PACKING & TANK PROVISIONS
Use of Packagings Notes
Chapter 4.1
The types of packages and packaging required by the Code are those which,
based on extensive past experience, ensure a high degree of safety. Packages
must meet the design and test requirements of Chapter 6 of the Code, and may
need to be approved by the Competent Authority.

Provisions for the packing of all classes of dangerous goods in packagings,


including IBCs and large packagings, are discussed below. Additional special
provisions for classes 2, 6.2 and 7 are also discussed . Any special requirements
for individual substances will be indicated in the packing instructions.

Definitions
The terms below have the following meanings in the Code:
 Effec vely closed – liquid tight closure
 Herme cally sealed – vapour-tight closure
 Securely closed – so closed that any dry contents cannot escape
during normal handling; the minimum provisions for any closure.
Vol. 1, Chapter 4.1.0

Types of packages covered by the IMDG Code


Single packaging Combination packaging Pressure receptacles

Intermediate Bulk
Radioactive packaging Containers (IBC) Large Packages (LP)

Portable Tanks and


Road Tank Vehicles Bulk Containers

DG by Sea 2016: V4 52
Packing & Tank Provisions

Notes
General provisions for packing
All packagings must be of good quality and condition, and be able to withstand
the shocks and loadings which occur during transport, as well as the normal
conditions encountered at sea such as changes in temperature and humidity and
movement of the vessel. Trans-shipment between cargo transport units and/or
warehouses, manual handling, etc, should also be considered.

No dangerous goods should adhere to the outside of packagings, IBC’s or large


packagings during transport.
Vol. 1, Chapter 4.1.1.1

Parts of packaging, including closures, IBC’s and large packagings directly in


contact with dangerous goods must not react dangerously, be affected, or
significantly weakened when in contact with the contents. Where necessary
suitable inner coating or treatment may be required.
Vol. 1, Chapter 4.1.1.2

Packaging standards
Unless provided elsewhere in the Code, all packagings, IBC’s and large
packages, except inner packagings, must conform to a design type successfully
tested in accordance with the testing details in Chapter 6.
Vol. 1, Chapter 4.1.1.3

Liquids
Sufficient ullage (outage/gap) should be left to ensure that neither leakage or
permanent distortion of the package occurs as a result of expansion of the
liquid.
Vol. 1, Chapter 4.1.1.4

Packages containing liquid dangerous goods must be of adequate strength to


withstand internal pressures encountered during normal conditions of transport.
IBCs intended for the transport of liquids shall not be used to carry liquids
having a vapour pressure of more than 110 kPa (1.1 bar) at 50°C or 130 kPa
(1.3 bar) at 55°C.
Vol. 1, Chapter 4.1.1.10

Inner receptacles
Inner packages must be packed so they cannot break, be punctured or leak into
their outer packaging. Breakable inner packages, or those which may be
easily punctured (e.g. glass, porcelain, stoneware, some plastics), should be
securely cushioned.

Cushioning and absorbent material used must be inert and suited to the nature
of the contents. Inner packages must be orientated within the outer in the same
manner as in the tested package. Intermediate packaging used in addition to the
packing requirements are allowed if suitable cushioning is used.
Vol. 1, Chapter 4.1.1.5

Dangerous goods should not be packed in the same outer packaging with dan-
gerous goods or other materials if they will react dangerously with each other.
Vol. 1, Chapter 4.1.1.6

DG by Sea 2016: V4 53
Packing & Tank Provisions

Notes
Unless otherwise specified in the Dangerous Goods List, packages containing
substances which evolve flammable, toxic or corrosive gases or vapour; may
become explosive if allowed to dry; or may react dangerously with the
atmosphere, should be hermetically sealed.
Vol. 1, Chapter 4.1.1.7

Where significant internal pressure may develop vents may be used as long as
the gases given off do not present a hazard.
Vol. 1, Chapter 4.1.1.8

Before being packed, all packagings, including IBCs and large packagings,
should be inspected to ensure they are free from corrosion, contamination and
any other damage. Associated service equipment (eg. for IBCs) should also be
inspected. Any packaging showing signs of reduced strength should not be
used.
Vol. 1, Chapter 4.1.1.9

Overpacks
An overpack is a covering surrounding finished packages
of dangerous goods (such as shrink wrap, strapping, crates
or pallet boxes) to enable ease of transport and loading.
Dangerous goods within the overpack must be compatible.
Ensure non-compatible goods are not loaded together and
are kept separate.

All individual packages inside the overpack must be packed, marked and
labelled in accordance with the IMDG Code. Marks and labels which can not
clearly seen or read must be reproduced on the outside of the overpack. In
addition, an overpack must be marked with the word “OVERPACK” in lettering
at least 12 mm high.
Vol. 1, Chapter 5.1.2

Empty packagings
Empty uncleaned packages, including IBCs and large packagings, that have
been used previously for the carriage of dangerous goods, are subject to the
same requirements as a filled receptacle unless suitable measures have been
taken to nullify any hazard.
Vol. 1, Chapter 4.1.1.11

Salvage packagings
Damaged, defective, leaking or non-conforming packages, or dangerous goods
that have spilled or leaked, may be transported in special salvage packagings
mentioned in Part 6. Appropriate measures should be taken to prevent excessive
movement of the damaged or leaking packages within a salvage packaging.

When the salvage packaging contains liquids, sufficient inert absorbent material
should be added to eliminate the presence of free liquid.
Vol. 1, Chapter 4.1.1.18

DG by Sea 2016: V4 54
Packing & Tank Provisions

Use of salvage pressure receptacles Notes


In the case of damaged, defective, leaking or non-conforming pressure
receptacles with a water capacity of up to but not exceeding 1000L, salvage
pressure receptacles according to 6.2.3 may be used as a package or overpack.

Vol. 1, Chapter 4.1.1.19


Explosives, self-
self-reactive substances and organic
peroxides
Packagings, including IBCs and large packagings, used for transporting goods
of class 1, self-reactive substances of class 4.1 and organic peroxides of class
5.2 shall meet the provisions for the medium danger group (packing group II).
Vol. 1, Chapter 4.1.1.17
Restraint
During transport, packagings, including IBCs and large packagings, should be
securely fastened to or contained within the cargo transport unit or supported
so that movement or impact is prevented. Vol. 1, Chapter 4.1.1.20

Additional general provisions for IBCs


When using IBCs for transport of liquids with a flash point of 60°C (closed
cup) or lower, or of powders liable to dust explosion, measures should be taken
to prevent an electrostatic discharge.

IBC require periodic testing every 2.5 – 5 years, in accordance with Chapter
6.5 of the Code, depending on the proposed contents.

An IBC shall not be filled and offered for transport after the date of expiry of
the last periodic test or inspection. An IBC can only be carried after periodic
inspection if it has been emptied and is awaiting cleaning for inspection or
testing and for no more than 6 months after date of expiry.
Vol. 1, Chapter 4.1.2.1 – 4.1.2.4

General provisions concerning the packing instructions


The packing instructions for classes 1 to 9 are specified in 4.1.4, and are further
subdivided as follows:
sub-section 4.1.4.1
packing instructions starting with a “P” are for packagings other than
IBCs and large packagings (eg. P001);
sub-section 4.1.4.2
a code starting with “IBC” is an IBC instruction (eg. IBC08);
sub-section 4.1.4.3
a code starting with “LP” is for large packagings (eg.LP99)

Special packing provisions may be specified in the packing instruction


for individual substances or articles. They are designated by codes as follows:

“PP” for packagings other than IBCs and large packagings;


“B” for IBCs;
“LP” for large packagings.

DG by Sea 2016: V4 55
Packing & Tank Provisions

The packing instructions do not provide guidance on compatibility and the user Notes
should make sure the substance is compatible with the packaging material (e.g.
most fluorides are unsuitable for glass receptacles). Where glass receptacles
are permitted in the packing instructions, porcelain, earthenware and stoneware
packagings are also allowed.
Vol. 1, Chapter 4.1.3.1

Column 8 of the Dangerous Goods List specifies the packing instruction that
should be used for packagings and large packagings respectively. Column 9
indicates any special packing provisions applicable.
Vol. 1, Chapter 4.1.3.2

367

367

367

Each packing instruction shows, where applicable, the acceptable single and
combination packagings. For combination packagings, the acceptable outer
packagings, inner packagings, and the maximum quantity permitted in each
inner and outer packaging are shown.

Vol. 1, Chapter 4.1.3.3

Where the packing instructions authorise the use of a particular type of outer
packaging in a combination packaging (eg. 4G), packagings bearing the same
package type identification code followed by the letters “V”, “U”, or “W” (eg.
4GV, 4GU, 4GW) may also be used under the same conditions and limitations.
Vol. 1, Chapter 4.1.3.5

DG by Sea 2016: V4 56
Notes
P001 PACKING INSTRUCTION (LIQUIDS) P001
The following packagings are authorized provided the general provisions of 4.1.1 and 4.1.3 are met.
Combination packagings Maximum capacity/net mass (see 4.1.3.3)
Inner packagings Outer packagings Packing group I Packing group II Packing group III
Glass 10 L Drums
Plastics 30 L steel (1A1, 1A2) 75 kg 400 kg 400 kg
Metal 40 L aluminium (1B1, 1B2) 75 kg 400 kg 400 kg
other metal (1N1, 1N2) 75 kg 400 kg 400 kg
plastics (1H1, 1H2) 75 kg 400 kg 400 kg
plywood (1D) 75 kg 400 kg 400 kg
fibre (1G) 75 kg 400 kg 400 kg

Boxes
steel (4A) 75 kg 400 kg 400 kg
aluminium (4B) 75 kg 400 kg 400 kg
other metal (4N) 75 kg 400 kg 400 kg
natural wood (4C1, 4C2) 75 kg 400 kg 400 kg
plywood (4D) 75 kg 400 kg 400 kg
reconstituted wood (4F) 75 kg 400 kg 400 kg
fibreboard (4G) 75 kg 400 kg 400 kg
expanded plastics (4H1) 40 kg 60 kg 60 kg
solid plastics (4H2) 75 kg 400 kg 400 kg
Jerricans
steel (3A1, 3A2) 60 kg 120 kg 120 kg
aluminium (3B1, 3B2) 60 kg 120 kg 120 kg
plastics (3H1, 3H2) 30 kg 120 kg 120 kg
Single Packagings
Drums
steel, non-removable head (1A1) 250 L 450 L 450 L
steel, removable head (1A2) prohibited 250 L 250 L
aluminium, non-removable head (1B1) 250 L 450 L 450 L
aluminium, removable head (1B2) prohibited 250 L 250 L
other metal, non-removable head (1N1) 250 L 450 L 450 L
other metal, removable head (1N2) prohibited 250 L 250 L
plastics, non-removable head (1H1) 250 L* 450 L 450 L
plastics, removable head (1H2) Prohibited 250 L 250 L

Jerricans
steel, non-removable head (3A1) 60 L 60 L 60 L
steel, removable head (3A2) prohibited 60 L 60 L
aluminium, non-removable head (3B1) 60 L 60 L 60 L
aluminium, removable head (3B2) prohibited 60 L 60 L
plastics, non-removable head (3H1) 60 L* 60 L 60 L
plastics, removable head (3H2) Prohibited 60 L 60 L

Composite packagings
Plastics receptacle in steel or aluminium drum 250 L 250 L 250 L
(6HA1, 6HB1)
Plastics receptacle in fibre, plastics or plywood drum 120 L* 250 L 250 L
(6HG1, 6HH1, 6HD1)
60 L* 60 L 60 L
Plastics receptacle in steel or aluminium crate or
box or plastics receptacle in wood, plywood, fibre-
board or solid plastics box (6HA2, 6HB2, 6HC,
6HD2, 6HG2 or 6HH2)
60 L 60 L 60 L
Glass receptacle in steel, aluminium, fibre, plywood,
solid plastics or expanded plastics drum (6PA1,
6PB1, 6PG1, 6PD1, 6PH1 or 6PH2) or in a steel,
aluminium, wood or fibreboard box or in a wicker-
work hamper (6PA2, 6PB2, 6PC, 6PG2 or 6PD2)

Pressure receptacles, provided that the general provisions of 4.1.3.6 are met.

* Not permitted for class 3, packing group I.

DG by Sea 2016: V4 57
P001 PACKING INSTRUCTION (LIQUIDS) (continued) P001 Notes
Special packing provisions
PP1 For UN Nos. 1133, 1210, 1263 and 1866 and for adhesives, printing ink related materials, paints,
paint related materials and resin solutions which are assigned to UN 3082, metal or plastic packag-
ings for substances of packing groups II and III in quantities of 5 litres or less per packaging are not
required to meet the performance tests in chapter 6.1 when transported:
(a) in palletized loads, a pallet box or a unit load device, such as individual packagings placed or
stacked and secured by strapping, shrink– or stretch-wrapping or other suitable means to a pal-
let. For sea transport, the palletized loads, pallet boxes or unit load devices shall be firmly
packed and secured in closed cargo transport units. On roll-on/roll-off ships the unit loads may
be carried in vehicles other than closed vehicles provided they are securely fenced to the full
height of the cargo carried; or
(b) as an inner packaging of a combination packaging with a maximum net mass of 40 kg.
PP2 For UN 3065, wooden barrels with a maximum capacity of 250 litres and which do not meet the provi-
sions of chapter 6.1 may be used.
PP4 For UN 1774, packagings should meet the packing group II performance level.
PP5 For UN 1204, packagings shall be so constructed that explosion is not possible by reason of in-
creased internal pressure. Gas cylinders and gas receptacles shall not be used for these substances.
PP10 For UN 1791, packing group II, the packaging shall be vented.
PP31 For UN Nos. 1131, 1553, 1693, 1694, 1699, 1701, 2478, 2604, 2785, 3148, 3183, 3184, 3185, 3186,
3187, 3188, 3398 (PG II and III), 3399 (PG II and III), 3413 and 3414 packagings shall be hermetically
sealed.
PP33 For UN 1308, packing groups I and II, only combination packagings with a maximum gross mass of
75 kg are allowed.
PP81 For UN 1790, with more than 60% but not more than 85% hydrogen fluoride and UN 2031 with more
than 55% nitric acid, the permitted use of plastics drums and jerricans as single packagings shall be
two years from their date of manufacture.
PP93 For UN Nos. 3532 and 3534, packagings shall be designed and constructed to permit the release of
gas or vapour to prevent a build up of pressure that could rupture the packagings in the event of loss
or stabilization.

IBC03 PACKING INSTRUCTION IBC03


The following IBC’s are authorized, provided the general provisions of 4.1.1, 4.1.2 and 4.1.3 are met:
(1) Metal (31A, 31B and 31N);
(2) Rigid plastics (31H1 and 31H2);
(3) Composite (31HZ1 and 31HA2, 31HB2, 31HN2, 31HD2 and 31HH2).
Special packing provisions:
B8 The pure form of this substance shall not be transported in IBCs since it is known to have a vapour
pressure of more than 110 kPa at 50°C or 130 kPa at 55°C.
B11 Notwithstanding the provisions of 4.1.1.10, UN 2672 ammonia solution in concentrations not exceeding
25% may be transported in rigid or composite plastics IBCs (31H1, 31H2 and 31HZ1).
B19 For UN Nos. 3532 and 3534, IBCs shall be designed and constructed to permit the release of gas or
vapour to prevent a build-up of pressure that could rupture the IBCs in the event of loss of stabilization.

LP01 PACKING INSTRUCTION (Liquids) LP01


The following large packages are authorized, provided the general provisions of 4.1.1 and 4.1.3 are met:

Inner packagings Large outer packagings Packing group I Packing group II Packing group III

Glass 10 L Steel (50A)


Plastics 30 L Aluminium (50B)
Metal 40 L Metal other than steel or
aluminium (50N)
Rigid plastic (50H) Not allowed Not allowed 3 m3
Natural wood (50C)
Plywood (50D)
Reconstituted wood (50F)
Rigid Fibreboard (50G)

DG by Sea 2016: V4 58
Packing & Tank Provisions

Unless otherwise indicated in the Code, pressure receptacles conforming to Notes


Chapter 6.2, National, or International Standards as applied by the country of
manufacture are authorised for the transport of any liquid or solid substance,
other than explosives, thermally unstable substances, organic peroxides, self-
reactive substances, substances where significant pressure may develop by
chemical reaction, radioactive materials and substances in P200.

Vol. 1, Chapter 4.1.3.6

Cylinders intended for use with a flammable liquid must comply with
Australian Standard 2030.1 (Cylinders for Compressed Gases other than
Acetylene) or an equivalent international standard.

Special packing provisions for Class 1


Packages should be of, at least, packing group II standard. Inner packages
must comply with the relevant competent authority Explosives Code.

For all the special packing provisions for explosives, see Chapter 4.1.5.
Vol. 1, Chapter 4.1.1.17 & 4.1.5

Specific AMSA restrictions in regards to loading explosives into a CTU or


tanker are outlined in the Marine Orders 41, Schedule 1, Section 7.2

All packages should be designed and constructed so:


 they will protect the explosives, prevent them from escaping and cause
no increase in the risk of unintended ignition or initiation when subjected
to normal conditions of transport; and
 the completed package can be handled safely in normal conditions of
transport; and
 the packages can withstand any loading imposed on them by stacking so:
(a) they do not add to the risk presented by the explosives;
(b) the containment function is not compromised; and
(c) they are not distorted in any way which may affect the package’s
integrity.
Vol. 1, Chapter 4.1.5.2

Special packing provisions for Class 2


General provisions
Pressure vessels must be constructed and closed so as to prevent any loss of
contents under the normal conditions of transport. Parts of the pressure vessels
in contact with the dangerous goods must not react, or be affected or weakened
by those dangerous goods.

Refillable pressure vessels shall not be filled with a gas or mixture different
from that previously contained. Pressure receptacles shall be filled according
to the working pressures, filling ratios and the provisions of the packing
instruction.
Vol. 1, Chapter 4.1.6.1
Pressure receptacles, including their closures shall conform to the design,
construction, inspection and testing requirements in Chapter 6.2 and may
require approval by the competent authority.
Vol. 1, Chapter 4.1.6.1.7

DG by Sea 2016: V4 59
Packing & Tank Provisions

Notes
Valves, should be protected against shock or impact by inherent design or:
valves are placed inside the neck of the pressure receptacle and
protected by a threaded plug or cap;
protective caps are securely attached and vented to allow
evacuation of gas in case of leakage;
protected by shrouds or guards;
transporting in frames (eg bundles); or
enclosing the receptacle and valve in a strong box or crate capable
of with standing PG I performance tests.
Vol. 1, Chapter 4.1.6.1.8

Non-refillable pressure receptacles shall:


1. be transported in an outer packaging, such as a box, or crate, or in shrink-
wrapped trays or stretch-wrapped trays;
2. be of a water capacity less than or equal to 1.25 litres when filled with
flammable or toxic gas;
3. not be used for toxic gases with an LC50 less than or equal to 200 ml/m3;
and
4. not be repaired after being put into service.
Vol. 1, Chapter 4.1.6.1.9

Charged pressure vessels must not be offered for transport:


 when leaking;
 when damaged to the extent that the integrity has been compromised;
 unless inspected to ensure the pressure vessel and service equipment are
in good working order; or
 unless certification, retest and filling markings are legible.

Vol. 1, Chapter 4.1.6.1.13

Cylinders and receptacles for gases must comply with


Australian Standard AS2030 (Gas Cylinder Code) or equivalent ISO
standard (IMDG Code, Chapter 6.2.2)

Aerosol dispensers must comply with Australian Standard


AS2278 (Metal Aerosol Containers) or equivalent ISO standard
(IMDG Code, Chapter 6.2.4)

Recognised Pressure vessels are tanks designed and built for


registration in Australia against Australia Standard AS 1210, which
recognises and incorporates equivalent ISO standards
(IMDG Code, Chapter 4.2)

DG by Sea 2016: V4 60
Packing & Tank Provisions

Notes
Special packing provisions for Classes 4.1 and 5.2
Receptacles for organic peroxides should be “effectively closed” (see page 52
of your workbook for definitions). Where significant internal pressure may
develop, a vent may be fitted, provided the gas given off is not dangerous.
Vol. 1, Chapter 4.1.7.0

Packagings shall meet the testing and making requirement of Part 6 at the
packing group II performance level.
Vol. 1, Chapter 4.1.7.1.1

Packing methods for organic peroxides and self-reactive substances are listed
in packing instruction P520 and are designated OP1 to OP8. The quantities
specified for each packing method are the maximum quantities authorised per
package.
Vol. 1, Chapter 4.1.7.1.2

Special packing provisions for Class 6.2, Category A


Consignors of infectious substances should ensure that packages are prepared
in such a manner that they arrive in good condition and present no hazard to
humans or animals. An itemised list of contents should be enclosed between
the secondary packaging and the outer packaging.
Vol. 1, Chapter 4.1.8

Special packing provisions for Class 7


The quantity of radioactive material in a package must not exceed the limits
specified in Chapters 2.7.2.2, 2.7.2.4.1, 2.7.2.4.4 - 2.7.2.4.6 and 4.1.9.3. The
packages for radioactive materials must conform with the provisions of
Chapter 6.4. Other controls are specified in this chapter relating to the activity
levels and design of packages being used for radioactives.
Vol. 1, Chapter 4.1.9.1

A package shall not contain any items other than those that are necessary for
the use of the radioactive material and shall not reduce the safety of the
package.
Vol. 1, Chapter 4.1.9.1.3

Packaging of Type A, Type B and Type C Radioactive materials should only


be completed by fully trained experienced operators under International
Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) requirements.

DG by Sea 2016: V4 61
Packing & Tank Provisions

Notes
Use of portable tanks
This section provides general provisions applicable to the use of portable tanks
for the transport of substances of classes 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9. Substances
shall be transported in portable tanks conforming to the applicable portable
tank instruction and the portable tank special provisions assigned to each sub-
stance in the Dangerous Goods List.

Empty portable tanks not cleaned and not gas-free shall comply with the same
provisions as portable tanks filled with the previous substance.

Substances shall not be transported in adjoining compartments of shells when


they may react dangerously with each other and cause:
combustion and/or evolution of considerable heat;
evolution of flammable, toxic or asphyxiant gases;
the formation of corrosive or unstable substances; or
dangerous rise in pressure. Vol. 1, Chapter 4.2.1

IMO portable tanks manufactured before 1 January 2003 shall be marked with
the portable tank instruction for which it meets the minimum requirements.
These tanks need not be marked with the tank instruction until the next
periodic inspection and test.
Vol. 1, Chapter 4.2.0.3

Portable tank provisions for the following are also displayed in this section.
- Non-refrigerated liquefied gas (4.2.2)
- Refrigerated liquefied gas (4.2.3)
- Multiple-element gas containers (4.2.4)

Provisions for the following classes are provided in Chapter 4.2.1 of the Code:
General provisions for the use of portable tanks for the transport of sub-
stances of Class 1 and Classes 3 to 9 (4.2.1)
Additional provisions applicable to the transport of Class 3 substances in
portable tanks (4.2.1.10)
Additional provisions applicable to the transport of Class 5.2 substances
and Class 4.1 self-reactive substances in portable tanks (4.2.1.13)
Additional provisions applicable to the transport of Class 7 substances in
portable tanks (4.2.1.16)
Additional provisions applicable to the transport of Class 8 substances in
portable tanks (4.2.1.17)
Additional provisions applicable to the transport of solid substances
transported above their melting point (4.2.1.19)

General provisions for the use of multiple-


multiple-element gas
containers (MEGCs)
Chapter 4.2.4 provides general requirements applicable to the use of multiple-
element gas containers (MEGCs) for the transport of non-refrigerated gases.

MEGCs shall conform to the design, construction, inspection and testing re-
quirements detailed in Part 6 of the Code. The elements of MEGCs shall be
periodically inspected according to the provisions set out in packing instruction
P200 and in Chapter 6.2.
Vol. 1, Chapter 4.2.4.2

DG by Sea 2016: V4 62
Packing & Tank Provisions

The types of IMO tanks referenced in the Code are: Notes

IMO type 1 tank means a portable tank for the transport of substances of clas-
ses 3 to 9 fitted with pressure-relief devices, having a maximum allowable
working pressure of 1.75 bar and above.

IMO type 2 tank means a portable tank fitted with pressure-relief devices, hav-
ing a maximum allowable working pressure equal to or above 1.0 bar but below
1.75 bar, intended for the transport of certain dangerous liquids of low hazard
and certain solids.

IMO type 4 tank means a road tank vehicle for the transport of dangerous
goods of classes 3 to 9 and includes a semi-trailer with a permanently attached
tank or a tank attached to a chassis, with at least four twist locks which comply
with ISO standards, (e.g. ISO International Standard 1161:1984).

IMO type 5 tank means a portable tank fitted with pressure-relief devices
which is used for non-refrigerated liquefied gases of class 2.

IMO type 6 tank means a road tank vehicle for the transport of non-
refrigerated liquefied gases of class 2 and includes a semi-trailer with a perma-
nently attached tank or a tank attached to a chassis which is fitted with items of
service equipment and structural equipment necessary for the transport of gases.

IMO type 7 tank means a thermally insulated portable tank fitted with items of
service and structural equipment necessary for the transport of refrigerated liq-
uefied gases. The portable tank shall be capable of being transported, loaded
and discharged without the need of removal of its structural equipment, and
shall be capable of being lifted when full. It shall not be permanently secured
on board the ship.

IMO type 8 tank means a road tank vehicle for the transport of refrigerated
liquefied gases of class 2 and includes a semi-trailer with a permanently at-
tached thermally insulated tank fitted with items of service equipment and
structural equipment necessary for the transport of refrigerated liquefied gases.
Vol. 1, Chapter 4.2.0

Portable Tanks and Tank Containers


IMDG Code Chapters 6.7, 6.8 & 6.9 specify recognized pressure vessel code which means, for
tanks designed and built for registration in Australia, The Australian Standard AS 1210 or other
standard which is:
• applicable for marine transport;
• suitable for pressures under consideration;
• suitable for the types of substances to be carried in the portable tank; and
• otherwise appropriate and acceptable to the Manager, Ship Inspection, and Registration.
Australian Marine Orders 41, Schedule 1, section 5.1
In addition to the requirements of this Part:
(a) the frames of tank containers must be constructed, tested and marked in accordance
with the requirements of Marine Orders Part 44 (Safe Containers) 2002; and
(b) portable tanks, other than tank containers, that are designed to be lifted must be tested
and marked in accordance with Marine Orders Part 32 (Cargo Handling Equipment) 2011.
Australian Marine Orders 41, Schedule 1, section 5.2

DG by Sea 2016: V4 63
Alternative tank instructions
If you do not have a tank as listed under the tank instruction (e.g. T5) the follow-
ing list indicates acceptable alternative portable tanks which can be used because
they possess higher test pressures, greater shell thicknesses, more stringent bottom
opening and pressure-relief device arrangements.
Vol. 1, Chapter 4.2.5.2.5

DG by Sea 2016: V4 64
Packing & Tank Provisions

Notes
Portable tank
instruction specified Portable tank instructions also permitted
T1 T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15, T16, T17, T18, T19, T20, T21, T22
T2 T4, T5, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15, T16, T17, T18, T19, T20, T21, T22

T3 T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15, T16, T17, T18, T19, T20, T21, T22
T4 T5, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15, T16, T17, T18, T19, T20, T21, T22
T5 T10, T14, T19, T20, T22
T6 T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15, T16, T17, T18, T19, T20, T21, T22
T7 T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15, T16, T17, T18, T19, T20, T21, T22
T8 T9, T10, T13, T14, T19, T20, T21, T22
T9 T10, T13, T14, T19, T20, T21, T22
T10 T14, T19, T20, T22
T11 T12, T13, T14, T15, T16, T17, T18, T19, T20, T21, T22
T12 T14, T16, T18, T19, T20, T22
T13 T14, T19, T20, T21, T22
T14 T19, T20, T22
T15 T16, T17, T18, T19, T20, T21, T22
T16 T18, T19, T20, T22
T17 T18, T19, T20, T21, T22
T18 T19, T20, T22
T19 T20, T22
T20 T22
T21 T22
T22 None
T23 None
T50 None

Bulk container instructions


This section provides general requirements for the use of containers for the
transport of solid substances in bulk. Substances shall be transported in bulk
containers conforming to the applicable bulk container instruction identified by
the letters ‘BK’ in column 13 of the Dangerous Goods List

BK1 = the transport in sheeted bulk containers is permitted;


BK2 = the transport in closed bulk containers is permitted;
BK3 = the transport in flexible bulk containers is permitted.

Additional provisions for bulk goods of classes 4.2, 4.3, 5.1, 6.2, 7 and 8
appear in Chapter 4.3.2 of the Code.
Additional provisions for the use of BK1 & BK3 containers appear in Chapter
4.3.3 & 4.3.4 of the Code.
Vol. 1, Chapter 4.3

DG by Sea 2016: V4 65
CONSTRUCTION & TESTING OF PACKAGES

Construction and Testing of Packages Notes


Chapter 6.1
Applicability and general provisions
The provisions of this chapter do not apply to the following:
 Pressure receptacles;
 packages containing radioactive material, which shall comply with the
Regulation of IAEA, except for:
radioactive material possessing subsidiary risks, which should comply
with special provision 172 in Chapter 3.3; and
low specific activity (LSA) material and surface contamination objects
(SCO) may be carried in certain packagings defined in the IMDG
Code provided that the supplementary provisions of the IAEA
Regulations are also met.
 packages whose net mass exceeds 400 kg; and
 packages for liquids (other than combination packages) with a capacity
exceeding 450 L.
Note: Where capacity is referred to for tanks or cylinders it relates to the total
water capacity and not the filling capacity.
Vol. 1, Chapter 6.1.1.1

General Provisions
Manufactures and subsequent distributors of packagings shall provide
information regarding package use instructions (e.g. for use with liquids or
solids) and a description of the types.
Packagings must be made to quality standards determined by competent
authorities of origin.

Unless provided elsewhere in the Code, all packages must be approved by the
competent authority or bear UN specification marks which indicate that the
design of the package has been successfully tested and manufactured in
accordance with the regulations.

Packagings for liquids shall successfully undergo leakproofness tests and be


able to meet the pressure tests specified in 6.1.5.4.4.

Receptacles, parts of receptacles and closures made of plastic must be resistant


to any dangerous substances it may come into contact with and will not be
compromised in any way from them.

Plastic packages must be resistant to aging or degregation from UV radiation.


Vol. 1, Chapter 6.1.1.2

DG by Sea 2016: V4 66
Construction & Testing of Packages

UN Specification codes for designated package types (eg. 4G) are listed in the Notes
IMDG Code in Section 6.1.2.7. See below for code interpretation.

Packaging codes
Number on code represents type of package:
1 DRUM
2 (reserved)
3 JERRICAN
4 BOX
5 BAG
6 COMPOSITE PACKAGE

Letter on code represents material constructed from:


A STEEL (all types and surface treatments)
B ALUMINIUM
C NATURAL WOOD
D PLYWOOD
F RECONSTITUTED WOOD
G FIREBOARD
H PLASTIC MATERIALS
L TEXTILE
M PAPER, MULTIWALL
N METAL (Other than steel or Aluminium)
P GLASS, PROCELAIN OR STONEWARE

Note: Plastics include other polymeric materials such as rubber.


Vol. 1, Chapter 6.1.2

Specification mark sizes


Each packaging intended for use should bear marks which are durable, legible
and placed in such a location and of such a size as to be readily visible.

For packages with a gross mass of more than 30 kg, the marks (or a duplicate
thereof) should appear on the top or on a side of the packaging. Letters, nu-
merals and symbols should be at least 12 mm high, except for:
(a) packagings of 30 L or 30 kg capacity or less – 6mm;
(b) packagings of 5 L or 5 kg or less, appropriate for size of package.
Vol. 1, Chapter 6.1.3.1

Specification marks are not required on inner packaging.

DG by Sea 2016: V4 67
Construction & Testing of Packages

Format of marks - Chapter 6.1.3 Notes


E.g.

Solids and combination packaging Single packaging for liquids


a b c d e f a b c d e f

u u
n n

g h i g h i
(see explanation of what the codes represent below)

(a) UN Packaging Symbol: certifies that a package complies with design and
test requirements of the United Nations. The capital letters "UN" may be
substituted only for embossed metal packaging.

(b) Packaging Type Code: a code designated to a type of packaging. Special


packaging is discernible by the letter "V" following the package type code
this also is an acceptable package, eg. "4GV" may be used under the same
conditions and limitations as "4G". The code “T” following the package
type code indicates salvage packaging.

4 = Box G = Fibreboard

(c) Packing Group Code: a letter representing the packing groups for which
the design type has been tested.
X for Packing Groups I, II and III
Y for Packing Groups II and III
Z for Packing Group III
(d) Gross Mass: in kilograms for packages designed and tested to contain
solids; or
Relative Density: rounded to the first decimal place for single packages
designed to carry liquids. This field will be omitted if the relative density
does not exceed 1.2.

(e) "S": indicating that the package is designed to contain solids or inner
packaging. or
Test Pressure: maximum internal test pressure rounded down to the
nearest 10kPa for single packages designed to carry liquids.

(f) Year of Manufacture: the last two digits of the year of manufacture.
Packaging types 1H1, 1H2, 3H1 and 3H2 must also be marked with the
month of manufacture though not necessarily in the same place.

(g) State where Test Done: the State authorising the use of the marks,
represented by the sign for motor vehicles in international traffic (eg. GB -
Great Britain).
(h) Name of Manufacturer: or code allocated by the appropriate national
authority.

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Construction & Testing of Packages

Notes

1A1 /Y 1.2/180/ 08
4G / X 80 / S / 08 AUS / ICI 2143
AUS / VB2143

Example # 2
Example # 1

These codes instruct you what the package is suitable for and it’s limitations.

Additional fields may be seen if the package is reconditioned:

Specification codes indicate:


Example #1 Example #2
4 Box 1 Drum
G Fibreboard A Metal
X Packing Groups I,II & III 1 Non removable head
80 80 kg max package Gross Weight Y Packing Group II and III
S Solids or Inner receptacles 1.2 Relative Density of 1.2
08 Year of manufacture and testing 180 Test pressure (180 kPa)
AUS Country of manufacture and testing 08 Year of manufacture and testing
VB2143 Manufacturer or authority mark AUS Country of manufacture and testing
ICI2143 Manufacturer or authority mark

i j k
(i) State of Reconditioning - the state in which the reconditioning was
carried out.

(j) Name of Reconditioner - the name or code of reconditioner.

(k) Year of Reconditioning - the last two digits of the year of


reconditioning followed by the letter "R". The letter "L" will also appear if
the packaging has passed leak-proof testing.

Note: Packages which may undergo a reconditioning process which may


obliterate the specification marks, require the marks to be in a permanent
form (embossed).
Vol. 1, Chapter 6.1.3

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Construction & Testing of Packages

SALVAGE PACKAGINGS Notes


An additional mark ‘T’ is shown for salvage
packages to indicate it’s specific use.

E.g. 1H2T/Y150/S/01
USA/US112

Test provisions for salvage packagings


are shown in Chapter 6.1.5.1.11.

Provisions for the construction and testing of packages are shown in Chapter
6.1.4 and 6.1.5 of the IMDG Code.

Test Provisions Chapter 6.1.5


Frequency of tests is determined by the design type and competent authority.
Each package design must be tested before use and distribution.

Testing includes tests such as:


Drop tests, Stacking tests, Leakproofness tests and Hydraulic (Pressure) tests,

Chapter 6.1.5.3 advises the number and height of drop tests.


Chapter 6.1.5.4 advises pressure ratings to be applied for leakproofness testing.

Test reports
Test report can, and should be, requested by any purchaser of UN specification
packages, IBC’s or Large packages to validate and indicate their design and
capacities.

Test reports shall contain at least the following information:


• Name and address of the test facility;
• Name and address of applicant (if applicable);
• A unique test report identification;
• Date of test report;
• Manufacturer details of IBC;
• Description of packaging type, and method of manufacture;
• Maximum capacity;
• Characteristics of test contents, such as viscosity, densities, particle size,
etc.;
• Test description and results;
• Signature with name and status of signatory.
Vol. 1, Chapter 6.1.5.7.1

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Construction & Testing of Packages

Construction and Testing of Pressure Receptacles, Notes

Aerosols, Gas Cartridges and Fuel Cells -


Chapter 6.2
Note: Aerosol dispensers, small receptacles containing gas (gas cartridges) and
fuel cell cartridges containing liquefied gas are not subject to Chapters 6.2.1 to
6.2.3.

Applicability and general provisions


Design and construction specifications for pressure receptacles are displayed in
Chapter 6.2.1.1 of the Code.

In general, all receptacles and their closures must be designed and manufac-
tured to withstand all conditions associated with normal conditions of transport
and must be inspected and tested in accordance with the competent authority of
origin.

Test pressures for cylinders, tubes pressure drums and bundles of cylinders
must be as required by Packing Instruction P200 of the Code. Test pressure for
a chemical under pressure shall be as per Packing Instruction P206, closed
Cryogenic receptacles shall be in accordance with Packing Instruction P203 and
test pressures for metal hydride storage systems with packing Instruction P205.
Chapter 6.2.1.1.1 & 6.2.1.1.5

Additional construction requirements are specified for cryogenic receptacles


and acetylene pressure receptacles. Chapter 6.2.1.1.8 & 6.2.1.1.9

Initial and periodic inspection and testing is required by an authorised body as


per competent authority approval. These requirements are outlined in Chapter
6.2.1.5 - 6.2.1.6 of the Code.

UN pressure receptacles - Chapter 6.2.2


This chapter outlines the general requirements, design, construction and initial
inspection tests, materials, service equipment and periodic tests and inspections
for pressure receptacles wishing to comply with the UN specifications.

Pressure receptacles under these specifications are to ISO standards and must
be approved by the competent authority. All cylinders are required to be in-
spected and tested before use and/or distribution.

Refillable UN pressure receptacles must display marks as per the following:


For interpretation see next page

(m) (n) (o) (p)


25E D MF 765432 H

(i) (f) (g) (j) (h)


PX200 PH300BAR 62.1KG 50L 5.8MM

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)


I ISO 9809-1 F IB 2000/12

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UN Refillable Pressure Receptacle Markings Notes


Certification Marks
(a) UN Symbol
(b) The Technical Standard (ISO) used for design, construction and testing
(c) Country of approval mark
(d) Competent authority approved inspection body code
(e) Date of initial inspection, year/month
Operational marks
(f) Test pressure in bar
(g) Mass/weight of the empty receptacle including permanent fittings/
attachments (i.e. includes neck ring, but not valve or valve cap) in KGs.
(h) Wall thickness in millimetres (MM) (not required if less than or equal to
1L water capacity, composite cylinders, or closed cryogenic receptacles)
(i) For compressed gases, UN 1001 Acetylene dissolved, and UN 3374
Acetylene solvent free, working pressure in bar (PW). For closed
Cryogenic receptacles the maximum working pressure preceded by the
letters “MAWP”.
(j) Water capacity for liquefied gases or refrigerated liquefied gases in litres
(L), to three significant figures (maximum of three digits).
(k) For UN 1001 Acetylene dissolved, the total mass of the empty receptacle,
including porous material and saturation gas, in KG’s.
(l) For UN 3374 Acetylene solvent free, the total mass of the empty
receptacle, including porous material, in KG’s.
Manufacturing Marks
(m) Cylinder thread type code. Not required for closed cryogenic receptacles
(n) Manufacturers code/mark as approved by the competent authority
(o) Serial number assigned by the manufacturer
(p) Compatibility of the steel liner for gases with a risk of causing hydrogen
embrittlement
(q) For composite cylinders and tubes with a limited design life, the letter
“FINAL” followed by the year and month in digits (YYYY/MM).
(r) For composite cylinders and tubes with an unlimited design life or one of
greater than 15 years, the letters “SERVICE” followed by the date 15
years from manufacture/ initial inspection (YYYY/MM). After this date,
cylinders which have met the service life test programme requirements of
Chapter 6.2.2.1 no longer require this mark. Chapter 6.2.2.7

Marking of non-refillable UN pressure receptacles, UN metal hydride


storage systems, and bundles of cylinders.
Non-refillable UN pressure receptacles, metal hydride storage systems and
bundles of cylinders must be clearly and legibly marked with the information
specified in Chapters 6.2.2.8, 6.2.2.9 and 6.2.2.10 of the Code.
Chapter 6.2.2.8, 6.2.2.9 & 6.2.2.10

Non-
Non-UN pressure receptacles
Pressure receptacles not designed, constructed and inspected under the UN
specifications must be approved in accordance with a technical code recognised
by the competent authority and the general requirements of Chapter 6.2.1 of the
Code. Salvage pressure receptacles must meet the provisions of Chapter 6.2.3.5.
Chapter 6.2.3

These packages display marks as per the following page.

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Construction & Testing of Packages

1. DOT Approving authority ID Notes


3AA Specification of type and material of cylinder
construction
2265 Service Pressure in psi
2. 12345 Cylinder serial number (See Note A)
3. Gas Inc. Identifying symbol (See Note A)
4. Manufacturing Data:
4-70 Date of manufacture and original test date.
XX Inspector’s official mark.
+ Cylinder qualifies for 110% filling.
5. YY Manufacturer’s identifying symbol.
6. Retest Markings:
4-75 Data of first 5 year hydrostatic retest
ABC Retester identifying symbol.
+ Cylinder requalifies for 110% filling.
Cylinder qualifies for 10-year retest interval.
7. Neck ring owner’s identification.

Notes:
A. Serial number and identifying symbol may be that of purchaser user or manufacturer.
B. “Spun” or “Plug” must be stamped near DOT mark when an end closure in the finished
cylinder has been welded by the spinning process or effected by plugging. Markings “5”
and “6” are usually shown diametrically opposite other markings on the cylinder neck.

Provisions for aerosol dispensers, small


receptacles containing gas (gas cartridges),
and fuel cell cartridges containing liquefied
flammable gas - Chapter 6.2.4
Specifications for the testing of gas cartridges and fuel cell car-
tridges are specified in Chapter 6.2.4.1 of the Code.

Aerosols are non-refillable pressure receptacles made of metal, plastic or glass


with a relief device.

With approval of a Competent Authority alternative testing methods meeting


equivalent standards can be provided. Quality control systems shall be in place
by manufacturers of aerosols to ensure there is no leakage or deformation of the
aerosols before transport.
Chapter 6.2.4

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Construction & Testing of Packages

Notes
Construction, Testing and Approval of Packages
7–Radioactive Material -
and Material of Class 7–
Chapter 6.4
Applicability and general provisions
Design and construction specifications for Class 7—Radioactive Material are
displayed in Chapter 6.4.2 of the Code. Some of the provisions in this Chapter
relate to Air transport and not Sea but have been reproduced for information/
identification purposes.

Packages and attachments must be designed and constructed so they can be


easily and safely transported and secured.
Packages must be able to withstand normal conditions of transport and where
possible prevent retention or collection of water and be easily decontaminated.
Chapter 6.4.2

Excepted Packages
General provisions must be met. These packages are primarily
designed to contain articles or substances but not requiring to
provide protection from radiation as their radiation levels are
extremely low.
Chapter 6.4.4

Industrial Packages
There are three packaging types, IP-1, IP-2 and IP-3
Predominantly these packages are metal drums or heavy wooden boxes.
Provisions and alternative provisions for Industrial Packaging is supplied in
Chapter 6.4.5 of the Code.

IP-1 packages are required to meet the general provisions of 6.4.2 and 6.4.7.2 of
the Code.
IP-2 meet the same requirements of IP-1 packages with the additional require-
ment of drop and stacking tests.
IP-3 meets the same requirements as IP-1 and IP-2 packages with additional
requirements of meeting the Type A package design and tests.
Additional test provisions for IP-2 and IP-3 packages are provided in 6.4.15 of
the Code.

IP-2 or IP-3 containers may take the form of:


Packages;
Portable Tanks;
Tanks;
Freight Containers; or
Metal IBC’s
Chapter 6.4.5

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Type A Packages Notes


Type A packages are required to meet the design and
testing provisions of 6.4.7 and the general packing
requirements of 6.4.2

The smallest overall dimension of the package must not be


less than 100mm.

Type A packages are designed to provide containment and


shielding of the contents. The package itself may not have
shielding but the internal components will.

This type of packaging is subject to drop, water spray, stack-


ing and penetration testing as per Chapter 6.4.15 of the Code. (Normal Condi-
tions)
Chapter 6.4.7

Type B Packages
There are two Type B package standards
Type B(U) - Unilateral approval
Type B(M) - Multilateral approval

Type B is designed for high activity levels of radiation and therefore the
packages provide both containment and protection against the radiation.
Note: The shielding in these packages will not necessarily stop
radiation exposure but will reduce its levels.

Type B packages are required to meet the design and testing provisions
of 6.4.8 and 6.4.9 and the general packing requirements of 6.4.2
This package type requires competent authority design approval.
( Accident Conditions)
The type of testing these packages undertake is shown below.

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Construction & Testing of Packages

Type C Packages Notes


Type C radioactive packages are required to meet the same design and testing
standards as a Type B package.

Type C packages are required to meet the design and testing provisions of the
general packing requirements of 6.4.2, the requirements of 6.4.10, 6.4.7.2-
6.4.7.15, 6.4.8.2-6.4.8.6, 6.4.8.10-6.4.8.15, and 6.4.10.2-6.4.10.4.

These packages are generally designed to be a multi-use package for a specific


article or instrument.

This package type requires competent authority design approval.


Chapter 6.4.10

Packages Containing Fissile Material


This chapter outlines the requirements for containing fissile material taking into
account maintaining it’s subcriticality during transport or accident conditions.

Items to consider are:


Water leaking into or out of packages;
Loss of efficiency of built-in neutron absorbers or moderators;
Rearrangement of contents;
Reduction of spaces between packages;
Packages immersion in water or snow; and
Temperature changes.

The package must meet the requirements of 6.4.7.2 and 6.4.11.3-6.4.11.12 of


the Code.
Chapter 6.4.11

Packages Containing Uranium Hexafluoride


These packages must meet the testing requirement as specified in 6.4.6 of the
Code. Packages containing less than 0.1kg need to comply with ISO 7195:
2005 and the provisions of 6.4.6.2-6.4.6.3.

Pressure generated by this material is taken into account during testing.


Chapter 6.4.6

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Intermediate Bulk Containers (IBCs) - Notes

Chapter 6.5
General
IBC’s and their equipment not strictly conforming to the IMDG Code’s provi-
sions may still be used after consideration and approval by the Competent Au-
thority concerned.

Construction, testing, marking, operation and equipment of IBC’s shall be sub-


ject to acceptance by the Competent Authority of the country of approval.

Terms used: Chapter 6.5.1.2


Body (for all IBCs except Composite) means the receptacle, including openings
and closures, but does not include service equipment;
Handling device (for flexible IBC’s) means slings, loops, eye or frame attach-
ment to the IBC body;
Maximum permissible gross mass = mass of the IBC + service or structural
equipment + maximum net mass
Plastic material used in connection with inner receptacles for composite IBC’s,
is taken to include polymeric material like rubber.
Protected (for metal IBC’s) means being provided additional protection against
impact, e.g. multiwall or double wall construction, or metal latticework frame.
Service equipment relates to filling and discharge devices, pressure relief or
venting, safety, heating and heat insulating devices and measuring instruments.
Structural equipment (for all IBC’s except flexible) means reinforcing,
fastening, handling, protective or stabilizing members of the body. This
includes the pallet base for fibreboard, wooden or composite IBC’s with plastic
inners.
Woven plastic (for flexible IBC’s) means material made from stretched tape or
monofilaments of a suitable plastic material.
Types of IBC’s Chapter 6.5.1.3
Metal Flexible Rigid Plastic
Metal body with appropriate Body of film, woven fabric or any oth- Rigid plastic body which may
service and structural equipment er flexible material, and if required an have appropriate service and
inner lining or coating together with structural equipment.
appropriate service and structural
equipment.

Composite Fibreboard Wooden


Structural equipment in the form A fibreboard body with or without Rigid or collapsible wooden
of a rigid outer package enclos- separate top an bottom caps, if nec- body and inner liner (no inner
ing a plastic inner together with essary a liner (no inner packages) packages) with appropriate ser-
appropriate service and structur- and appropriate service and vice and structural equipment.
al equipment. structural
equipment
Both components
must operate as
an integrated
single unit.

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IBC types and codes - Chapter 6.5.1.4.3

Material Category Code Paragraph


Metal 6.5.5.1
A Steel For solids, filled or discharged by gravity 11A
For solids, filled or discharged under pressure 21A
For liquids 31A
B Aluminium For solids, filled or discharged by gravity 11B
For solids, filled or discharged under pressure 21B
For liquids 31B
N Other than steel or For solids, filled or discharged by gravity 11N
aluminium For solids, filled or discharged under pressure 21N
For liquids 31N
Flexible 6.5.5.2
H Plastics Woven plastics without coating or liner 13H1
Woven plastics, coated 13H2
Woven plastics with liner 13H3
Woven plastics, coated and with liner 13H4
Plastics film 13H5
L Textile Without coating or liner 13L1
Coated 13L2
With liner 13L3
Coated and with liner 13L4
M Paper Multiwall 13M1
Multiwall, water-resistant 13M2
H Rigid plastics For solids, filled or discharged by gravity, fitted with 11H1 6.5.5.3
structural equipment.
For solids, filled or discharged by gravity, freestanding 11H2
For solids, filled or discharged under pressure, fitted 21H1
with structural equipment
For solids, fitted or discharged under pressure, freestanding 21H2
For liquids, fitted with structural equipment 31H1
For liquids, freestanding 31H2
HZ Composite with plastic For solids, filled or discharged by gravity, with rigid plastic 11HZ1 6.5.5.4
inner receptacle.* inner receptacle.
For solids, filled or discharged by gravity, with flexible 11HZ2
plastic inner receptacle.
For solids, filled or discharged under pressure, with rigid 21HZ1
plastic inner receptacle.
For solids, fitted or discharged under pressure, with flexible 21HZ2
plastic inner receptacle.
For liquids, with rigid plastic inner receptacle. 31HZ1
For liquids, with flexible plastic inner receptacle. 31HZ2
G Fibreboard For solids, filled or discharged by gravity 11G 6.5.5.5
Wooden 6.5.5.6
C Natural wood For solids, filled or discharged by gravity, with inner liner 11C
D Plywood For solids, filled or discharged by gravity, with inner liner 11D
F Reconstituted wood For solids, filled or discharged by gravity, with inner liner 11F

* The code shall be completed by replacing the letter ‘Z’ by a capital letter in accordance with 6.5.1.4.1.2 to
indicate the nature of the material used for outer packaging.

The letter ‘W’ may follow the code signifying that they have not been constructed as per 6.5.3 but have been
approved as a suitable equivalent by a competent authority.
Chapter 6.5.1.4.4

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IBC specification marks - Chapter 6.5.2 Notes

IBC primary package marks


a b c d

e f g h

a) UN packaging symbol
b) Package type code (see previous page)
c) Packing group approval code
X - Packing group I, II, III
Y - packing group II, III
Z - Packing group III only
d) Month and year of manufacture (last two digits)
e) State authorising the marking
f) The name or symbol of the manufacturer
g) The stacking test load in kgs (if not designed for stacking an ‘0’ is shown)
h) The maximum permissible gross mass in kgs.
Chapter 6.5.2

Some IBCs may display additional marks as outlined in 6.5.2.2 of the IMDG Code.
One such additional mark that was mandatory as at the 01 January 2011 for all manu-
factured, repaired or remanufactured IBCs is the maximum permitted stacking load
symbol as below. This mark is in addition to the specification marks.
These symbols shall be a minimum of 100mm x 100mm, durable and clearly visible.
Letters and numbers must be a minimum of 12mm high.

IBC’s capable of being stacked IBC’s NOT capable of being


stacked
… kg max

Maximum weight allowed to be Nothing is allowed to be stacked on


stacked on top of the IBC must be top of the IBC.
displayed.

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Construction & Testing of Packages

Example 1 Example 2

500 kg

A maximum weight of 500 kg may be stacked on top of NO weight is permitted to be


this IBC. stacked on top of this IBC

This may be one IBC or


multiple IBC’s, but the
combined weight must not
exceed 500kgs. ≤ 500kgs

Note: The stacking test load in UN specification markings is 1.8 times the
combined actual gross weight that may be stacked on top of the IBC during
transport. Chapter 6.5.6.6.4

Flexible IBCs may also bear a pictogram indicating recommended lifting


methods. Chapter 6.5.2.2.3

Inner receptacles of a composite IBC manufactured or reconditioned after 2011


shall be marked with:
1. Code designating the type of IBC;
2. X, Y or Z appropriate to the packing group approval;
3. Month and Year of manufacture.
4. For plastics inners: State authorising and manufacturers name.

For composite IBCs that can be dismantled for transport empty (such as for
return to a shipper for reuse) all components marked with the information
above. Chapter 6.5.2.2.4-6.5.2.2.5

Construction requirements - Chapter 6.5.3


General
IBCs must:
• Be resistant or protected from the elements;
• Be constructed so none of the contents can escape under normal conditions
of transport ;
• Be constructed so they no part of the container will react dangerously with
the contents;
• Be designed to withstand pressures and stresses during normal transport;
• Have service equipment positioned or protected to minimize risk of escape
of the contents;
• Have framework constructed so it will not cause any harm to the body and
contain it at all times;
• Have discharge valves capable of being secured in a closed position at all
times and protected against damage.

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Construction & Testing of Packages

Testing, certification and inspection - Chapter 6.5.4 Notes


IBCs are required to be made to international quality standards.

The manufactured IBCs are subject to design type tests before distribution and
use, and are subject to periodic inspections and tests to determine their suitabil-
ity of use.
A test report and certification must be issued for every design type attesting it
has met the required provisions.

Inspection and testing


All metal, rigid plastic and composite IBCs shall be inspected prior to service
and at intervals of not more than two and a half years.
This includes leakproofness tests for liquids or solids discharged under pres-
sure. Chapter 6.5.4.4

Repaired IBCs are also subject to testing and inspection prior to use. They
must be marked with test and inspection marks near the manufacturers details.
Chapter 6.5.4.5

Specific construction information for IBCs is provided in chapter 6.5.5 for:


• Metal IBCs;
• Flexible IBCs;
• Rigid Plastic IBCs;
• Composite IBCs with plastic inner receptacles;
• Fibreboard IBCs; and
• Wooden IBCs.
Chapter 6.5.5

Test provisions for IBCs - Chapter 6.5.4


Test for all IBC design types are described in this chapter.

The type of testing performed on IBCs is shown below. Specific details are
outlined in the IMDG Code.

Drop test Stacking test Bottom and Vibration test


top lift tests

Other types of testing include:


• Pressure test;
• Leakproofness test;
• Hydraulic pressure test;
• Tear test;
• Topple test; and
• Righting test

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Construction & Testing of Packages

Notes
Large Packages - Chapter 6.6
General
This chapter does not apply to:
• Class 2, except articles, including aerosols;
• Class 6.2, except clinical waste UN 3291; and
• Class 7 Radioactive Material.

Construction of large packages must meet international quality standards and


shall be subject to acceptance by the Competent Authority of the country of
approval.

Codes for large packages


Two codes exist consisting of:
(a) A Arabic number:
‘50’ for rigid large packagings; or
‘51’ for flexible large packagings; and
(b) Capital Letter indicating construction material, e.g. wood, fibreboard etc.

The letters ’T’ or ‘W’ may follow the code signifying that they have not been
constructed as per 6.6.4 but have been approved as a suitable equivalent by a
competent authority. Vol. 1, Chapter 6.6.2.1 –6.6.2.2

Large packaging specification marks - Chapter 6.6.3


Primary package marks
a b c d

e f g h

a) UN packaging symbol
b) Package type code (see above)
c) Packing group approval code
X - Packing group I, II, III
Y - packing group II, III
Z - Packing group III only
d) Month and year of manufacture (last two digits)
e) State authorising the mark
f) The name or symbol of the manufacturer
g) The stacking test load in kgs (if not designed for stacking an ‘0’ is
shown)
h) The maximum permissible gross mass in kgs.
Vol. 1, Chapter 6.6.3.1

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The maximum stacking load symbol as displayed on IBCs is also required on Notes
large packages as at the 01 January 2015.
Vol. 1, Chapter 6.6.3.3
Specific provisions for large packages
Specific manufacturing provisions for:
• Metal (50A –Steel, 50B - Aluminium, 50N - Other metal);
• Flexible material (51H - Plastic, 51M - Paper);
• Plastic (50H - Rigid);
• Fibreboard (50G - Rigid); and
• Wooden (50C - Natural, 50D - Plywood, 50F - reconstituted)
are provided in this section.
Vol. 1, Chapter 6.6.4
Test provisions for large packages:
Inspection and approval
Large Packages are required to be made to International quality standards.

The manufactured Large Packages are subject to design type tests before
distribution and use, and are subject to periodic inspections and tests
determined by the competent authority to determine their
suitability of use.

A test report and certification must be issued for every design type attesting it
has met the required provisions.
Vol. 1, Chapter 6.6.5
Test provision
The type of testing performed on Large Packages is shown below. Specific
details are outlines in the IMDG Code.

• Bottom Lift Test;


• Top Lift Test;
• Stacking Test;
• Drop Test;

Test reports for packages, IBC’s and large packages test report
Test report can, and should be, requested by any purchaser of UN specification
packages, IBC’s or Large packages to validate and indicate their design and
capacities.

Test reports shall contain at least the following information:


• Name and address of the test facility;
• Name and address of applicant (if applicable);
• A unique test report identification;
• Date of test report;
• Manufacturer details of IBC;
• Description of IBC type, and method of manufacture;
• Maximum capacity;
• Characteristics of test contents, such as viscosity, densities, particle size,
etc.
• Test description and results;
• Signature with name and status of signatory.
Vol. 1, Chapter 6.1.5.7, 6.5.6.14 & 6.6.5.4

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Construction & Testing of Packages

Portable Tanks and Multiple-


Multiple-Element Gas Notes

Containers (MEGC) - Chapter 6.7


Application and general provisions
This chapter applies to portable tanks intended to transport dangerous goods
and to MEGCs intended to transport non-refrigerated gases of Class 2. In
addition to this chapter, unless otherwise specified, the provisions of the
International Convention for Safe Containers (CSC) shall be also be met.

The Code provides design and testing requirements for:


Portable tanks, transporting class 1, and classes 3 to 9 substances.
Vol. 1, Chapter 6.7.2
Portable tanks, transporting non-refrigerated liquefied gases of class 2
Vol. 1, Chapter 6.7.3
Portable tanks, transporting refrigerated liquefied gases of class 2
Chapter 6.7.4
Multiple-element gas containers (MEGC) transporting non-refrigerated
gases
Vol. 1, Chapter 6.7.5

The tanks mentioned above must be tested every 2.5 and


5 years. Exceptional testing is required when a tank is
damaged.
A portable tank and MEGC must bear a corrosion
resistant metal approval/ identification plate showing,
amongst other things, the test date.
A damaged tank or a tank showing a test date more than
5 years old must not be filled with dangerous goods. Such marks can
be found in Chapter 6.7

If a portable tank has been designed and approved for


handling in open seas the words “OFFSHORE PORTABLE
TANK” shall be marked on the identification plate.

Vol. 1, Chapter 6.7.2

This Chapter outlines requirements for:


Design;
Construction;
Testing;
Inspection;
Service equipment;
Pressure relief devices;
Supports, frameworks, lifting and tie-down; and
Marking (inspection plates)
For each type of tank listed above.
Vol. 1, Chapter 6.7.2.1 - 6.7.2.16

DG by Sea 2016: V4 84
Construction & Testing of Packages

Road Tank Vehicles - Chapter 6.8 Notes

Application and general provisions


Road tank vehicles are to be designed and manufactured to supply a secure base
during transport with suitable attachment tie-downs.

Design standards are provided in this Chapter for long and short international
voyages. They outline design, construction, testing, inspection and marking of
the tanks and vehicle.
Generally tanks are to meet the standards of 6.7 or 6.8 of the Code.

Bulk Containers - Chapter 6.9


Application and general provisions
Closed bulk containers are defined as totally closed bulk containers having a
rigid roof, side and end walls and floor (including hopper-style bottoms), with
end walls and sidewalls that can be closed during transport, or a bulk container
with an opening roof, or side or end that can be closed during transport
Bulk Container code = BK2
Sheeted bulk containers are open-top bulk containers with rigid bottom
(including hopper style bottoms) side and end walls and a non-rigid covering.
Bulk Container code = BK1
Flexible bulk containers means a flexible container with a capacity not
exceeding 15 m3 and includes liners and attached handling
devices and service equipment.
Bulk Container code = BK3

The Code provides design, construction and testing


requirements for:
Freight containers used as bulk containers.
ISO designed and constructed containers meeting the
requirements of Chapter 6.9.3 of the Code, that are sift
proof, or with sift-proof liners and able to withstand the
shocks and pressures occurred during normal conditions of
transport.
Bulk containers must bear a corrosion resistant metal approval/identification
plate and be tested periodically in accordance with the International Convention
for Safe Containers (SCS).
Vol. 1, Chapter 6.9.3

Bulk containers other than freight containers.


Such as skips, offshore bulk containers, bulk bins, swap
bodies, trough-shaped containers, roller containers and load
compartment vehicles. These containers must be designed
and constructed to withstand the shocks and loadings
experienced during the normal course of transport.
These containers must be approved, inspected and tested as
per the competent authority approval.

Vol. 1, Chapter 6.9.4

The requirements for the design, construction, inspection and testing of


Flexible BK3 bulk containers is detailed in Chapter 6.9.5

DG by Sea 2016: V4 85
CONSIGNMENT PROCEDURES
General Provisions Notes

Chapter 5.1
This part of the regulations sets forth provisions for consignments of dangerous
goods. No person may offer dangerous goods for transport unless those goods are
properly marked, labelled, placarded, described and certified on a transport
document (by manual, electronic data processing (EDP) or electronic data
interchange (EDI) techniques).
Vol. 1, Chapter 5.1.1
Overpacks and unit loads
All individual packages inside the overpack or unit load must
be packed, marked and labelled in accordance with the IMDG
Code. Marks and labels which can not be clearly seen or read
must be reproduced on the outside of the overpack. In
addition an overpack must be marked with the word
“OVERPACK“ in lettering at least 12mm high.

Each package bearing package orientation marks and which is


overpacked, placed in a unit load or used as an inner packaging in a large
packaging shall be oriented in accordance with such marks.
Vol. 1, Chapter 5.1.2

Empty uncleaned packagings or units


Packaging, including an IBC, which previously contained dangerous goods shall
be identified, marked, labelled and placarded as required for those dangerous
goods unless they are clean and free of all vapours and residue.

Empty cargo transport units still containing residues of dangerous goods, or loaded
with empty uncleaned packages or bulk containers, shall comply with the
provisions applicable to the goods last contained in the unit, packagings or bulk
container.
Vol. 1, Chapter 5.1.3

Mixed packing
When two or more dangerous goods are packed within the same outer packaging,
the package shall be labelled and marked as required for each substance.
Subsidiary risk labels need not be applied if the hazard is already represented by a
primary risk label.
Vol. 1, Chapter 5.1.4

General provisions for radioactive material


Before each shipment of radioactive materials it should be ensured that competent
authorities are notified where necessary and all aspects of approvals have been
complied with.

Excepted packages
Excepted packages of radioactive materials require the UN number; Shipper and/
or Consignee; and the permissible gross mass if over 50 kg on the exterior of the
package. Documentation requirements of Chapter 5.4 do not apply but the UN
number and the consignor and consignee name and address must be shown on the
transport document (e.g. bill of lading)
Vol. 1, Chapter 5.1.5.4

DG by Sea 2016: V4 86
Consignment procedures — Package marking & labelling

Copies of approval certificates must accompany shipments of special form and Notes
low dispersible radioactive materials, packages containing fissile material or
more than 0.1 kg of uranium hexafluoride, Type B(U), Type B(M) and Type C
packages.
The consigner must keep a copy of all certification and should make available
instructions on proper closing of packages or preparation for shipment.
Vol. 1, Chapter 5.1.5

Marking and labelling packages Chapter 5.2


Marking packages (including IBCs)
Unless otherwise specified in the IMDG Code or applicable competent authority
regulations each package containing dangerous goods, as a minimum, must be
durably and legibly marked with:
• The Proper Shipping Name of the contents in accordance with 3.1.2;
• The United Nations UN number preceded by the letters “UN”.

Minimum lettering size:


Under 5L or 5Kg = appropriate size
30L/Kg packages and 60L water capacity cylinder or less = 6mm
More than 30L/Kg and 60L water capacity cylinder = 12mm

Package marks:
1. Shall be readily visible and legible;
2. Shall be such that this information will still be identifiable on packages
surviving at least three month's immersion in the sea;
3. Shall be displayed on a background of contrasting colour on the external
surface of the package; and
4. Shall not be located with other package markings that could substantially
reduce their effectiveness.

For salvage packaging and salvage pressure receptacles, they shall additionally be
marked with the word “SALVAGE" in lettering at least 12mm high.

For Intermediate bulk containers of more than 450 L capacity and large
packaging shall be marked on two opposing sides.

For goods of division 1.4 compatibility group S, unless the 1.4S label is used, the
division and compatibility group needs to be marked on the outside of the
package or article. Vol. 1, Chapter 5.2.1

Marine pollutant mark


Packages containing marine pollutants must be marked with the
MARINE POLLUTANT mark adjacent to the UN number and
proper shipping name. This requirement does not apply to inner
packages (of combination packages) or single packages containing:
- 5 L or less for liquids; or
- 5 kg or less for solids.
Minimum dimensions are 100 mm x 100 mm, except where the size of
the package can only bear a smaller mark.
Vol.1, Chapter 5.2.1.6

DG by Sea 2016: V4 87
Consignment procedures — Package marking & labelling

Orientation marks
Combination packaging with inner packaging containing
liquid dangerous goods;
single packaging fitted with vents; and
cryogenic receptacles intended for the transport of
refrigerated liquefied gases,
require package orientation arrows on two opposite vertical
sides of the package.

This provision does not apply to:


1. pressure receptacles except for cryogenic receptacles;
2. dangerous goods in inner packaging of not more than 120 ml which are
prepared with sufficient absorbent material between the inner and outer
packaging to completely absorb the liquid contents;
3. class 6.2 in primary receptacles of not more than 50 ml;
4. class 7 radioactive material in Type IP-2, IP-3, A, B(U), B(M) or C
packages; or
5. articles which are leak-tight in all orientations (e.g. alcohol or mercury in
thermometers, aerosols, etc.);
6. outer packages containing hermetically sealed inner packages containing
not more than 500 ml.
Vol. 1, Chapter 5.2.1.7

Lithium battery marks and labels


Packages containing lithium ion or lithium
metal batteries in accordance with special
provision 188 are required to show the
lithium battery mark:
* space for UN number(s)
** space for contact telephone
number
Vol. 1, Chapter 5.2.1.10

All other packages of lithium batteries are required to


show the Class 9 miscellaneous lithium battery label.

The lithium battery miscellaneous label must have the


lithium battery pictogram in the bottom half of the
diamond. Words describing the risk are not
permitted.
Vol. 1, Chapter 5.2.2.2.1.3

Limited and excepted quantities


For limited and excepted quantity marking and labelling requirements, see
pages 49 & 50 of this workbook.

DG by Sea 2016: V4 88
Consignment procedures — Package marking & labelling

Class 7 special marking provisions


Each package shall be legibly and durably marked on the outside of the packaging
with an identification of consignor and/or consignee.

In the case of excepted packages, marking the Proper Shipping Name is not re-
quired.
The following package marks are required to be displayed:

Radioactive Materials Package Type


Specification marking
required Excepted Industrial Type A Type B(U) Type B(M) Type C
Package Package

TYPE IP-1
Package Design marking N/A TYPE IP-2 TYPE A TYPE B(U) TYPE B(M) TYPE C
TYPE IP-3
VRI Code of country of IP-2
N/A Yes N/A N/A N/A
origin (e.g. US) IP-3
Design ID mark of
N/A N/A N/A Yes Yes Yes
competent authority
Package ID of
manufacturer or N/A Yes Yes N/A N/A N/A
competent authority
Package design serial
N/A N/A N/A Yes Yes Yes
number
Trefoil Symbol N/A N/A N/A Yes Yes Yes
Permissible gross weight
Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
if over 50kg

Vol. 1, Chapter 5.2.1.5

Labelling packages (including IBCs)


Each package containing dangerous goods must have an indication of its hazard-
ous properties by applying the hazard class label shown in the dangerous goods
list columns 3, and, for a sub-risk, column 4. Additional labelling may be indi-
cated in the special provisions in column 6.

Labels should be placed on the same surface of the package as the proper
shipping name and UN number, where size permits. They must not be covered,
obscured or detracted from by any other attachments, labelling or marking on the
package.

When primary and subsidiary risk labels are required they should be displayed
next to each other.

Where label cannot be satisfactorily attached to the package because of size or


shape, a securely affixed tag or other secure means of attaching may be used.

Intermediate bulk containers of more than 450 L shall be labelled on two op-
posite sides.

For Radioactive materials all labels must appear on two opposite sides of the
package. Vol. 1, Chapter 5.2.2.1

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Consignment procedures — Package marking & labelling

Special provisions for labelling are shown in Chapter 5.2.2.1 for: Notes
Self-reactive substances
Organic peroxides
Infectious substances; and
Radioactive materials

Label specifications
Labels should be at least 100 mm x 100 mm in the shape of a diamond. The
colour and design should be as the samples in the IMDG Code. Hazard Labels
must show the class number and the division number for Classes 1 and 5, and
additionally for explosives, the compatibility group.
Labels can only be smaller if the package size does not allow the above
dimensions. Because of the size and shape of Gas CYLINDERS the label size
may be reduced.
Vol. 1, Chapter 5.2.2.2
The IMDG Code does not require the hazard description to be shown on labels or
placards (except class 7), however the label may include the text if desired. This
does not apply to the Class 9 miscellaneous lithium battery hazard label (see page
88 of this workbook)
Vol. 1, Chapter 5.2.2.2.1.3

10
0 m
m m
m 0
10
25 Minimum label size
0 m
m m
m
2 50

UN specification marks
Minimum placard size
u 1A1 / Y / 120 / 10
n SG / Singapak 4327

Markings Corrosive Liquid, Oxidizing, N.O.S.


1. Proper shipping name (chloramine)
2. UN or ID Number UN 3093

Labelling
1. Primary and subsidiary (if applicable)
hazard labels
2. Handling labels
a) “This Way Up” on two opposite sides of the
package (for liquids in combination
packages only)
b) Marine Pollutant if required (identified by
the symbol “P” in column 4 of the DGL, the
index in Chapter 3, or the SDS)
(This substance is not a marine pollutant)

For an example of a multimodal dangerous goods


form to accompany this package, please see p97

DG by Sea 2016: V4 90
Consignment procedures — Marking and placarding cargo transport units

Placarding and Marking Containers (CTU) Notes

Chapter 5.3
Placards for containers or transport units should be no less than 250mm x
250mm and should correspond to the label design and specification as displayed
in the IMDG Code, of the dangerous items within the container.

Placards should be affixed to the exterior surface of a cargo transport unit to


indicate the nature of the hazard within, unless packaging labels are readily visi-
ble from the exterior of the container.

Hazard placards are not required on cargo transport units carrying any quantity
of:
• explosives of Division 1.4, compatibility group S,
• dangerous goods packed in limited quantities (see 3.4.5.5),
• excepted quantities of dangerous goods (see 3.5.1.1);
• or excepted packages of radioactive material (class 7); and

Placards on units carrying EXPLOSIVES with more than one division need only
show the items with the greatest risk.

Subsidiary risk placards must also be displayed on units unless that risk
has already been displayed by another substance indicated as a primary risk or
the provisions of Limited Quantities has been used.
Vol. 1, Chapter 5.3.1

Placarding
Placards should be attached as follows:

Type Location
1. a freight container, semi-trailer one on each side and one on
or portable tank each end of the unit
portable tanks with a capacity of no placards OR labels on two
more than 3000L opposite sides
2. a railway wagon at least on each side
3. a multiple-compartment tank containing along each side at the positions
more than one dangerous substance or of the relevant compartments.
their residues
where all compartments are of the same one placard along each side
Class of DG
4. any other cargo transport unit. at least on both sides and on
the back of the unit
Vol. 1, Chapter 5.3.1.1.4.1

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Consignment procedures — Marking and placarding cargo transport units

Notes
Marking
The Proper Shipping Name should be durably marked in letters no more than
65mm high on at least both sides of:
• tank transport units containing dangerous goods;
• bulk containers containing dangerous goods;
• any other cargo unit containing dangerous goods of a single commodity
which makes up a full load and for which no placard or marine pollutant
mark is required.

The UN Number of the contents should be marked on:


• Tank transport units containing gases, solid or liquid dangerous goods,
including on each compartment of a multi-compartment tank CTU;
• Bulk packaging containing solid dangerous goods;
• Unpackaged Class 7, LSA-I or SCO-I material in or on a vehicle, in a
freight container, or in a tank;
• Packaged DGs in loads of more than 4000Kg gross mass of a single UN
number.
• Packaged Class 7 material with a single UN number under exclusive use.

UN numbers should be placed immediately adjacent to placards or marine pollu-


tant marks. If placards or marine pollutant marks are not required the UN num-
ber must be adjacent to the Proper Shipping Name.

The UN number should be displayed in black digits not less than 65mm high
either against a white background in the lower half of the class placard or on an
orange rectangular panel not less than 120mm high and 300mm wide with a
10mm black border. The dimensions of the orange panel may be reduced to an
appropriate size for portable tanks of no more than 3000L.
Vol. 1, Chapter 5.3.2

eg.

or
UN1789

UN1789

8 8

The Placard for Radioactive Material


Should display the word radioactive
or, when required, the UN number.
Vol. 1, Chapter 5.3.1.2

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Consignment procedures — Marking and placarding cargo transport units

Marine pollutants Notes


Cargo transport units loaded with packages
bearing the MARINE POLLUTANT mark, must Affix
also display the marine pollutant mark (250mm
Pollutant
x 250mm). Packages of 5L or 5KG or less, are
exempted from requiring the mark, in Label
accordance with Chapter 2.10.2.7 here
Vol. 1, Chapter 5.3.2.3

Elevated temperature substances


Cargo transport units carrying substances that
are offered for transport at temperatures equal to
or exceeding 100°C in a liquid state, or a solid
equal to or exceeding 240°C, should bear an
elevated temperature mark on each side and
each end of the unit.
Vol. 1, Chapter 5.3.2.2

Under fumigation
A closed cargo transport unit loaded with
cargoes under fumigation should clearly display
the fumigation warning sign in a location where
Place the
it will be easily seen by all persons wishing to
Fumigation
enter the container.
The mark shall remain until the CTU is free from sticker
fumigant gas and the fumigated materials. here
DO NOT enter these containers until they have
been thoroughly ventilated.
Vol. 1, Chapter 5.5.2.3

CTUs presenting risk of asphyxiation


When asphyxiants such as Carbon Dioxide, Solid (dry ice), or
nitrogen or argon refrigerated liquids, are used as a refrigerant or
conditioner, the freight container must be labelled at each access
point with the mark shown.
* insert the Proper Shipping Name in letters at least 25mm
high (or as high as the space allows)
** insert “AS COOLANT” or “AS CONDITIONER” as
*
appropriate **
E.g. DRY ICE, AS COOLANT Vol. 1,
Chapter 5.5.3.6

Limited quantities
Cargo transport units containing only limited quantities
need not be placarded though should be marked on the
exterior of the container with the Limited Quantity mark
(250 mm x 250 mm).
Vol. 1, Chapter 5.3.2.4

DG by Sea 2016: V4 93
Consignment Procedures — Documentation

Documentation Notes
Chapter 5.4
The primary purpose of the documentation required for transporting dangerous
goods by sea is to convey fundamental information regarding the hazard of the
goods. The term “documentation” does not preclude information transmission
techniques such as electronic data processing (EDP), electronic data interchange
(EDI), facsimile and e-mail.

Dangerous goods transport document


A consignor who offers dangerous goods for sea transport shall describe the
dangerous goods on a transport document providing information as required by
the IMDG Code.
Vol. 1, Chapter 5.4.1

Form of transport document:


Multimodal Dangerous Goods Form
A dangerous goods transport document can be in any form, provided it contains
all of the information required by the Code. An example dangerous goods
transport document is the Multimodal Dangerous Goods Form (see completed
examples on pages 97 and 99 of this workbook).
Vol. 1, Chapter 5.4.1.2

NB: This form, whilst called Multimodal, would not be acceptable for air
transport with an IATA (International Air Transport Association) member airline.

Notice of intention to ship dangerous goods


Multi-modal Dangerous Goods Form
The manner of giving notice is by completing a Multimodal dangerous goods Form, in
accordance with Chapter 5.4 of the IMDG Code, and the person or persons to whom that
form must be provided is as follows:
(a) if the dangerous goods are to be consolidated in a cargo transport unit:
i) the originating shipper must give a copy of the Multimodal Dangerous Goods
Form to the Consolidator; and
ii) The consolidator must give a copy of all the Multimodal forms relevant to the car-
go transport unit to the master of the vessel;
(b) in any other case - the shipper must give a copy of the Multimodal Dangerous Goods
Form to the Master of the vessel; and
(c) if requested by an inspector, the shipper must give a copy of the Multimodal Dangerous
Goods Form to the inspector at the AMSA office that is at, or near to, the port of loading.

Strict adherence to the layout of the form is not required provided all the information
mentioned in the Multimodal Dangerous Goods Form is given. If a shipper uses an electronic
means to send the Multimodal Dangerous Goods Form, the shipper must identify himself or herself.

Forms required to be sent to the Master of the Ship must be sent as soon as practical after
the arrival of the ship, but before the goods are presented for shipment keeping in mind
that the master must notify the AMSA Surveyor not less than 24 hours before the goods
are loaded.
MO41, Section 9

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Consignment Procedures — Documentation

Completing the transport document Notes


The name and address of the shipper and consignee must be included on the
declaration, in addition to the date the form was completed.

The declaration can consist of more than one page as long as they are consecutively
numbered.

All information on the declaration must be legible, easy to identify and durable.
Vol. 1, Chapter 5.4.1.2-5.4.1.3

Dangerous goods description


The basic information that must appear for each dangerous substance, is:
a) The UN number shown for the dangerous goods in the IMDG Code,
preceded by the prefix “UN”.
b) The proper shipping name (PSN) as determined by 3.1.2, including
technical names in parenthesis, as applicable;
c) The class and, when assigned, the division of the goods, including for class
1, the compatibility group, as it appears in column 3 of the DG List. The word
‘class’ or ‘division’ may precede the number;
d) The class or division number of all subsidiary hazards must appear in
round brackets (parenthesis), as it appears in column 4;
e) Where assigned, the Packing Group preceded by “PG”, from column 5.
Vol. 1, Chapter 5.4.1.4.1

The sequence of information must be as stated above with no


additional information interspersed, except as provided in the
Code. Additional information must follow the dangerous goods
description.
Vol. 1, Chapter 5.4.1.4.2

Supplements to the dangerous goods description


Information which may be required to supplement the dangerous goods proper
shipping name and/or follow the description is as follows:
a) If column 6 of the DG List states special provision 274 or 318, the PSN must be
supplemented with the technical or chemical name of the substance in brackets,
e.g. UN 1993 “Flammable Liquid, n.o.s. (benzene and xylene mixture)”.
b) For an empty uncleaned package, the words “EMPTY UNCLEANED” or
“RESIDUE LAST CONTAINED” must appear before or after the PSN.
c) For a shipment containing waste for transport or for disposal the word
“WASTE” must appear before PSN, unless already part of the name.
d) Elevated temperature substances which do not convey the elevated temperature
condition, i.e. MOLTEN or ELEVATED TEMPERATURE as part of the proper
shipping name, then the word “HOT” shall precede the proper shipping name.
e) Except as provided for in 2.10.2.7, identification of “MARINE
POLLUTANTS” (may be supplemented with the term “Environmentally
Hazardous”).
f) The closed cup Flashpoint if it is 60°C or below (not required for flammable
5.2 Organic Peroxide) Vol. 1, Chapter 5.4.1.4.3

DG by Sea 2016: V4 95
Consignment Procedures — Documentation

Additional information required in addition to the Notes


dangerous goods description
Information which may be required to be given after the dangerous goods
description is as follows:

• The total quantity of dangerous goods covered by the description, plus the
number and type of outer packages.
NB: For Class 1 – Explosives show the net explosive mass.

• The words “Limited quantity” or “LTD QTY” where applicable.


• The words “Dangerous goods in Excepted quantities” where applicable
• For salvage packaging the word “SALVAGE PACKAGING” or “Salvage
Pressure Receptacle” as appropriate

• If “STABILIZED” is part of the proper shipping name, and the goods are
temperature controlled, then the control temperature and emergency
temperature must be shown as per 5.4.1.5.4;
• For 4.1 Self-reactive substances, polymerizing substances and 5.2 Organic
peroxides requiring temperature control, the control temperature and
emergency temperature must be shown as per 5.4.1.5.5;
• For Infectious substances the full address of consignee to be shown along
with the name, address and telephone number of a responsible person;
• If Aerosols exceed 1000ml the capacity must be declared;
• For:
- Viscous substances transported in accordance with 2.3.2.5;
- Substances loaded together in the same CTU as per 7.2.6.3; and
- Acids and Alkali substances are loaded together in the same CTU as per
7.2.6.4,
the following statement must be included in the transport document
“Transport in accordance with [chapter number] of the IMDG Code”;
• For bulk containers other than freight containers, which require competent
authority approval, the transport document needs to include a statement as per
5.4.1.5.12;
• For transport of IBCs or portable tanks after the date of expiry of the last
periodic test or inspection a statement of compliance is required;
• Firework classification reference issued by the competent authority;
• For CTU’s with coolants or conditioners the words “AS COOLANT” or “AS
CONDITIONER” must follow the proper shipping name;
• For transport in accordance with 2.0.0.2 (reclassification of an existing proper
shipping name with competent authority approval), the words “classified in
accordance with 2.0.0.2” as per 5.4.1.5.16;
• For transport of UN 3528 (flammable liquid powered engine), UN 3529
(flammable gas powered engine) and UN 3530 (class 9 engine), the words
“Transport in accordance with special provision 363” as per 5.4.1.5.17.
Vol. 1, Chapter 5.4.1.5 & 5.5.3.7.1

DG by Sea 2016: V4 96
Consignment procedures — Documentation

IMO Multimodal Dangerous Goods Form


Completed Example. Vol. 1, Chapter 5.4.5
For an example of the marking and labelling for the package of UN 3093, see p90.
1. Shipper/Consignor/ Sender 2 Transport document number
Mining Matters
88 Downhole Drive
Perth 6000
Western Australia 3 Page 1 of 1 pages 4 Shipper’s reference

5 Freight forwarder’s reference

6. Consignee 7 Carrier (to be completed by the carrier)


Diamond Drillers
72 Raffles Road
Singapore SHIPPER’S DECLARATION
I hereby declare that the contents of this consignment are fully and accurately described below by the
proper shipping name, and are classified, packaged, marked and labelled/placarded and are in all
respects in proper condition for transport according to the applicable international and national gov-
ernmental regulations.

8 This shipment is within limitations prescribed for: 9 Additional handling information


(Delete non-applicable)
Please notify consignee on arrival, Henry Ford, Tel: +65 9555 8888
PASSENGER AND CARGO CARGO AIRCRAFT
AIRCRAFT ONLY

10 Vessel/flight no and date 11 Port/place of loading


Ocean Maru Fremantle

12 Port/place of discharge 13 Destination


Singapore Singapore

14 Shipping marks * Number and kind of packages; description of goods Gross mass (kg) Net mass (kg) Cube (m³)

UN 3093 Corrosive Liquid, Oxidizing, N.O.S 440 kg 400 kg


(Chloramine), 8 (5.1), II 50 kg
4 drums x 100 L = 400 L
4 drums EMPTY UNCLEANED
EmS F-A, S-Q
UN 0441, Charges shaped Class 1.4S 12 kg 11kg
2 x Fibreboard boxes (4G) = 11 Kgs
NEC 180 g EmS F-B, S-X

UN3082, Environmentally hazardous substance 2000 kg 1900 kg


liquid n.o.s (Diesel), Class 9, PG III
2 x IBC x 1000 L = 2000 L
Marine Pollutant
1 x box x 5 L
Limited quantity EmS F-A, S-F

UN 3528 Machinery, internal combustion, 116 kg 116 kg


flammable liquid powered, Class 3,
1 x generator x 116 kg. (-43°C c.c.)
Transported in accordance with special provision
363 EmS F-E, S-E

15 Container identification No./ 16 Seal number(s) 17 Container/vehicle size & type 18 Tare mass (kg) 19 Total gross (including tare) (kg)
vehicle registration No.

CONTAINER/VEHICLE PACKING CERTIFICATE 21 RECEIVING ORGANIZATION RECEIPT

I hereby declare that the goods described above have been Received the above number of packages/containers/trailers in apparent goods order and condition,
packed/loaded into the container/vehicle identified above in ac- unless stated hereon: RECEIVING ORGANIZATION REMARKS:
cordance with the applicable provisions.
MUST BE COMPLETED AND SIGNED FOR ALL CONTAINER/
VEHICLE LOADS BY PERSON RESPONSIBLE FOR PACKING/
LOADING.

20 Name of Company Haulier’s name 22 Name of company (OF SHIPPER


PREPARING THIS NOTE)
Vehicle reg.no
Mining Matters
Signature and date

Name/status of declarant Name/status of declarant


S Cookie/Warehouse Supt.

Place and date Place and date


Perth/01 May 2017

Signature of declarant DRIVER’S SIGNATURE Signature of declarant


S. COOKIE

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Consignment procedures — Documentation

Special provisions for Class 7 — Radioactive Materials Notes


A completed declaration appears on page 99 of this workbook. It must include
the following additional information:
.1 Name or symbol of each radionuclide. For mixtures of radionuclides -
an appropriate general description or a list of the most restrictive nuclides;
.2 description of the physical and chemical form of the material or “special
form” (if not already in the proper shipping name);
.3 Maximum activity of the radioactive in becquerels (Bq). For Fissile material
units of grams may be used;
.4 Category of the package (I-WHITE, II-YELLOW or III-YELLOW);
.5 Transport Index (TI) (for Yellow Categories only);
.6 For fissile material, other than fissile excepted, the Criticality Safety Index;
.7 Identification mark for each competent authority approval (ie. Special Form
approval, package design approval, special arrangements etc.);
.8 For consignments in overpacks or freight containers, a detailed statement
of the contents of each package within the overpack, freight container, and,
where appropriate, of each overpack or freight container in the consignment; ie.
number and type of packages;
.9 When being shipped under exclusive use, the statement “EXCLUSIVE USE
SHIPMENT”;
.10 For LSA-II, LSA-III, SCO-I and SCO-II the total activity of the
consignment as a multiple of A2;
Shippers should include on the declaration any applicable special handling or
stowage requirements for the shipment, plus emergency arrangements as
appropriate.
Vol. 1, Chapter 5.4.1.5.7.1

Special requirements for Class 1 — Explosives


• When transporting by road to the wharf documentation must show the Net
Explosive Quantity (NEQ or NEC) as required by the Australian Explosives
Code. The multi-modal DG form for sea must also display this information.
Chapter 5.4.1.5.1 & Australian Explosives Code, 4.6.3

• When a competent authority of the country of origin assigns class, division and
compatibility group using the proper shipping names “SUBSTANCES,
EXPLOSIVE, NOS”, “ARTICLES, EXPLOSIVE, NOS”, or
“COMPONENTS, EXPLOSIVE TRAIN, NOS”, the declaration should state;
“Transport under this entry approved by the competent authority of...” followed
by the State’s code, (eg. Australia - AUS, Great Britain - GB etc.).
• For explosives requiring special authorisation from the competent authority to
be shipped (eg. under the recommended amount of dilutant or phlegmatiser) the
statement “Transport under this entry approved by the competent authority
of...” and the State’s code must appear on the documentation.
• For explosives packaging requiring approval from the competent authority the
statement “Packaging approved by the competent authority of...” and the State
code must appear on documentation.
• If there are any hazards not indicated by the hazard/division or compatibility
group then an indication of the additional hazard should be shown on
documentation.
Vol. 1, Chapter 5.4.1.5.9

DG by Sea 2016: V4 98
Consignment procedures — Documentation

Notes
Radioactive Dangerous Goods Form
Completed example for Radioactive Materials. Vol. 1, Chapter 5.4.5

1. Shipper/Consignor/ Sender 2 Transport document number


Mining Matters
88 Downhole Drive
Perth 6000
Western Australia 3 Page 1 of 1 pages 4 Shipper’s reference

5 Freight forwarder’s reference

6. Consignee 7 Carrier (to be completed by the carrier)


Diamond Drillers
72 Raffles Road
Singapore SHIPPER’S DECLARATION
I hereby declare that the contents of this consignment are fully and accurately described below by the
proper shipping name, and are classified, packaged, marked and labelled/placarded and are in all
respects in proper condition for transport according to the applicable international and national govern-
mental regulations.

8 This shipment is within limitations prescribed for: 9 Additional handling information


(Delete non-applicable)
Please notify consignee on arrival, Henry Ford, Tel: +65 9555 8888
PASSENGER AND CARGO CARGO AIRCRAFT
AIRCRAFT ONLY

10 Vessel/flight no and date 11 Port/place of loading


Ocean Maru Fremantle

12 Port/place of discharge 13 Destination


Singapore Singapore

14 Shipping marks * Number and kind of packages; description of goods Gross mass (kg) Net mass (kg) Cube (m³)

UN 3332 40 kg
Radioactive Material, Type A Package, Special Form
Class 7
Cs--137, AM-241, Be 655 GBq
Category III-Yellow
TI = 7.4
Special Form Certificate— AUS/008/2015
1 x Type A Package

EMS F-I, S-5

15 Container identification No./ 16 Seal number(s) 17 Container/vehicle size & type 18 Tare mass (kg) 19 Total gross (including tare) (kg)
vehicle registration No.

CONTAINER/VEHICLE PACKING CERTIFICATE 21 RECEIVING ORGANIZATION RECEIPT

I hereby declare that the goods described above have been Received the above number of packages/containers/trailers in apparent goods order and condition,
packed/loaded into the container/vehicle identified above in ac- unless stated hereon: RECEIVING ORGANIZATION REMARKS:
cordance with the applicable provisions.
MUST BE COMPLETED AND SIGNED FOR ALL CONTAINER/
VEHICLE LOADS BY PERSON RESPONSIBLE FOR PACKING/
LOADING.

20 Name of Company Haulier’s name 22 Name of company (OF SHIPPER


PREPARING THIS NOTE)
Vehicle reg.no
Mining Matters
Signature and date

Name/status of declarant Name/status of declarant


P.Beard/Warehouse Supt.

Place and date Place and date


Perth/01 May 2017

Signature of declarant DRIVER’S SIGNATURE Signature of declarant


PAUL BEARD

DG by Sea 2016: V4 99
Consignment procedures — Documentation

Notes
Certification/signature
The DG transport document shall include the following declaration:
“I hereby declare that the contents of this consignment are fully and
accurately described above/below by the Proper Shipping Name, and
are classified, packaged, marked and labelled/placarded, and are in
all respects in proper condition for transport according to applicable
international and national governmental regulations”.
The declaration must be signed and dated.

When using the multi-modal dangerous goods form this statement has been
included.

Where EDP or EDI transmission techniques are used electronic signatures may
be used or the signatures may be replaced by the name(s) in capital letters, of the
person authorized to sign.
Vol. 1, Chapter 5.4.1.6

Other required information and documentation


Special certificates may be required such as:
1. a weathering certificate; as required in the individual entries of the
Dangerous Goods List;
2. a certificate exempting a substance, material or article from the provisions
of the IMDG Code (such as when indicated by Special Provision 142, see
individual entries for charcoal, fishmeal, seedcake in the DG List);
3. for new self-reactive substances and organic peroxides or new formulation
of currently assigned self-reactive substances and organic peroxides, a
statement by the competent authority of the country of origin of the
approved classification and conditions of transport.
Vol. 1, Chapter 5.4.4.1
Note: Retention of Dangerous Goods Transport Information
Consignor and Carriers shall retain DG transport documentation and additional
information and documentation for a minimum of 3 months.
Vol. 1, Chapter 5.4.6

Special Provisions
Chapter 5.5
Special provisions applicable to fumigated transport units
Fumigated units with no other DG’s loaded within are subject to this section.
Fumigated units containing DG’s are subject to the relevant chapters associated
with the DG’s in addition to this section.
Chapter 5.5 provides information on:
• Training;
• Marking and Placarding of fumigated units;
• Documentation requirements; and
• Additional provisions.

Special provisions applicable to CTUs presenting a risk of


asphyxiation such as those packed with dry ice or nitrogen/argon, refrigerat-
ed liquid. The requirements for packages, marking and documentation appear in
Chapter 5.5.3 Vol. 1, Chapter 5.5

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Consignment procedures — Documentation

Notes
Container/ vehicle packing certificate
Chapter 5.4.2
When packages containing dangerous goods are packed into any container (ie.
freight container) or vehicle intended for carriage by sea, those responsible for
packing the container/vehicle shall provide a “container/vehicle packing
certificate”. The certification must specify container or vehicle identification
number and certify that the operation has been carried out in accordance with the
following provisions:

☼ The freight container is dry, clean and serviceable;


☼ Segregation requirements have been complied with and no DG requiring
segregation have been packed together in the container unless approved by
the competent authority;
☼ All packages have been externally inspected for damage and only sound
packages have been loaded;
☼ Drums have been stowed in an upright position;
☼ All packages have been correctly loaded and secured;
☼ The weight is evenly distributed within containers;
☼ For consignments including class one goods, except division 1.4, the
container is structurally serviceable;
☼ The cargo transport unit/freight container and packages therein are properly
marked, labelled and placarded;
☼ When substances presenting a risk of asphyxiation are used as a refrigerant
or conditioner, the freight container/vehicle is externally marked at access
points with the proper shipping name and the words “AS COOLANT” or “AS
CONDITIONER”;
☼ The dangerous goods declaration has been received for each consignment
packed into the freight container.

For convenience the above has been combined with the DG information onto the
multi-modal form. However if an alternative DG Transport Document is used, it
is acceptable for it to include a statement to the effect of:
“It is declared that the packing of the goods into the container/
vehicle has been carried out in accordance with the applicable
provisions of the IMDG Code.”

This declaration shall be signed and dated and the declarant identified. Where
EDP or EDI transmission techniques are used electronic signatures may be used
or signatures may be replaced by the name(s) in capital letters, of the person
authorized to sign. Vol. 1, Chapter 5.4.2

5
2017

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Consignment procedures — Documentation

Notes
Documentation required aboard ship
Each ship carrying dangerous goods or marine pollutants must have a special list,
manifest or stowage plan.

Emergency information
For consignments of dangerous goods information to be used in emergency re-
sponse to an accident or incident must be available at all times.

The information shall be available away from packages containing the dangerous
goods and immediately accessible in the event of an incident.

Methods of compliance include:


1. appropriate entries in the special list, manifest or dangerous goods declara-
tion; or
2. provision of a separate document such as a safety data sheet; or
3. The provision of a separate document such as MSDS or the Emergency
procedures for ships Carrying Dangerous Goods (EmS) and Medical First
Aid Guide for Use in Accidents Involving Dangerous Goods (MFAG) in
the Supplement to the IMDG Code are methods to comply with this re-
quirement. Vol. 1, Chapter 5.4.3.2

Other Documentation
MO41, section 9.1.5 - 9.1.7
Special lists - manifests or stowage plans
The MASTER OF THE SHIP or their REPRESENTATIVE is responsible
for providing a special list or manifest to the AMSA Surveyor as early as possible
but at least prior to loading.

Note: An acceptable format for a special list is the IMO Dangerous Goods Mani-
fest, identified in IMO circular FAL.2/Circ.51/Rev1 and in the Supplement to the
IMDG Code. Other forms that provide similar information are also acceptable.
MO41, Section 9.1.5, Note 2

If all of the information required on the forms is not available prior to 24 hours
before the goods are loaded the master must provide the surveyor-in-charge with
at least following information not less than 24 hours prior to the goods being
loaded:
Vessel name
IMO number
port of loading
date of loading and departure
classes of goods being loaded.
MO41, Section 9.1.6

The master must also notify the AMSA Surveyor, in writing, of any subsequent
changes prior to the goods being loaded.
MO41, Section 9.1.7

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Consignment procedures — Documentation

DG by Sea 2016: V4 103


PROVISIONS CONCERNING
TRANSPORT OPERATIONS
Stowage Notes
Chapter 7.1 - Stowage categories as indicated in column 16a in the
Dangerous Goods list.

Class 1 - Explosives (Other than 1.4S packed in limited quantities)


Stowage Cargo ships (up to 12 passengers) On deck in closed cargo transport unit or under deck
category 01 Passenger ships On deck in closed cargo transport unit or under deck
Cargo ships (up to 12 passengers) On deck in closed cargo transport unit or under deck
Stowage Passenger ships On deck in closed cargo transport unit or under deck
category 02 in closed cargo transport unit in accordance with
7.1.4.4.5

Stowage Cargo ships (up to 12 passengers) On deck in closed cargo transport unit or under deck
category 03 Passenger ships Prohibited except in accordance with 7.1.4.4.5
Cargo ships (up to 12 passengers) On deck in closed cargo transport unit or under deck
Stowage in closed CTU
category 04
Passenger ships Prohibited except in accordance with 7.1.4.4.5

Stowage Cargo ships (up to 12 passengers) On deck only in closed cargo transport unit
category 05 Passenger ships Prohibited except in accordance with 7.1.4.4.5

Class 2 - 9 (Including 1.4S Explosives packed in Limited Quantities)


Cargo ships or passenger ships carrying a number of ON DECK or UNDER DECK
passengers limited to not more than 25 or to 1 passenger per
Stowage 3 m of overall length, whichever is the greater number.
category A
Other passenger ships which the limiting number of ON DECK or UNDER DECK
passengers transported is exceeded.
Cargo ships or passenger ships carrying a number of ON DECK or UNDER DECK
passengers limited to not more than 25 or to 1 passenger per
Stowage 3 m of overall length, whichever is the greater number.
category B
Other passenger ships which the limiting number of ON DECK ONLY
passengers transported is exceeded.
Cargo ships or passenger ships carrying a number of ON DECK ONLY
passengers limited to not more than 25 or to 1 passenger per
Stowage 3 m of overall length, whichever is the greater number.
category C
Other passenger ships which the limiting number of ON DECK ONLY
passengers transported is exceeded.
Cargo ships or passenger ships carrying a number of ON DECK ONLY
passengers limited to not more than 25 or to 1 passenger per
Stowage 3 m of overall length, whichever is the greater number.
category D
Other passenger ships which the limiting number of PROHIBITED
passengers transported is exceeded.
Cargo ships or passenger ships carrying a number of ON DECK ONLY or UNDER DECK
passengers limited to not more than 25 or to 1 passenger per
Stowage 3 m of overall length, whichever is the greater number.
category E
Other passenger ships which the limiting number of PROHIBITED
passengers transported is exceeded.

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Provisions concerning transport operations — Stowage & Segregation

The stowage categories on the previous page are applicable to all types of ships. Notes
Specific provisions applicable to Container ships, Ro-Ro ships and Barge
carrying ships are in Chapter 7.4 to 7.7

Stowage near living quarters


When the term “clear of living quarters” is used it means packages and cargo
transport units must be stowed a minimum distance of 3 m from accommodation,
air intakes, machinery spaces and other enclosed work spaces
Vol. 1, Chapter 7.1.2

Special stowage provisions - Chapter 7.1.4


Stowage of empty uncleaned packaging, including IBCs and large packaging
Notwithstanding the stowage provisions of the Dangerous Goods List, if these
packages are required to be stowed On deck only when they are full, they may be
stowed On deck or Under deck in a mechanically ventilated cargo space if empty,
except:
- Class 2.3 shall always be stowed ON DECK only.
- Waste aerosols must be stowed according to column 16a of the Dangerous
Goods List.
Vol. 1, Chapter 7.1.4.1

Stowage of marine pollutants


Where stowage is permitted on deck or under deck, UNDER DECK is preferred.
Where stowage is On deck only preference shall be given to stowage on well-
protected decks or to stowage inboard in sheltered areas of exposed decks.
Chapter 7.1.4.2

Limited and excepted quantities of dangerous goods are assigned to stowage A


category. Chapter 7.2 should also be considered when determining segregation
of two substances intending to be packed in the same outer.
Vol. 1, Chapter 7.1.4.3 & 3.4.4

Stowage of Class 1 – Explosives


Generally explosives, except 1.4S, shall be stowed ON DECK ONLY

Class 1, except 1.4S, shall be stowed not less than a horizontal distance of 12 m
from living quarters, life-saving appliances and areas of public access.

Class 1, except 1.4S, shall not be positioned closer to the ship’s side than a
distance equal to 1/8th the beam or 2.4 m, whichever is the lesser.

Class 1 shall not be stowed within a horizontal distance of 6 m from potential


sources of ignition.

Stowage on passenger ships


Explosives of Class 1.4S may be transported in any amount on passenger ships.
No other Class 1 explosives can be transported on a passenger ship except those
mentioned in Chapter 7.1.4.4.5.1.
Vol. 1, Chapter 7.1.4.4

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Provisions concerning transport operations — Stowage & Segregation

Stowage of Class 7 – Radioactives Notes


The total number of packages, overpacks or freight containers aboard a single
conveyance shall be limited so the total sum of Transport Indexes does not
exceed the values shown below:

Type of Freight Container or Conveyance Limit on total sum of Transport


Indexes in a freight container
or aboard a conveyance
Freight container - small 50
Freight container - large 50
Vehicle 50
Inland water-way vessel (barge) 50
Seagoing vessel
1 Hold, compartment or defined deck area
Packages, overpacks small freight containers 50
Large freight containers (Closed containers) 200
2 Total Vessel
Packages, overpacks small freight containers 200
Large freight containers (Closed containers) No limit

Note: LSA I has no limit.

Any package or overpack with a transport index greater than 10, or a criticality
safety index greater than 50, shall be transported only under exclusive use.

Radioactives shall be segregated sufficiently from crew and passengers.


Category II and III YELLOW packages or overpacks shall not be transported in
spaces occupied by passengers.

See Table below for segregation aboard ship from passengers and crew.
TABLE 7.1.4.5.18
CLASS 7 – Radioactive material
Simplified segregation table for persons

Segregation distance of radioactive material from passengers and crew

Sum of transport General cargo ship ¹


indices (TI) Offshore support
Break-bulk Containers Ferry etc.²
vessel³
(metres) (TEUs)4
Up to 10 6 1 Stow at bow or stern Stow at stern or at
furthest from living platform midpoint
quarters and regularly
occupied work areas

More than 10 but not more than 20 8 1 as above as above


More than 20 but not more than 50 13 2 as above not applicable
More than 50 but not more than 100 18 3 as above not applicable
More than 100 but not more than 26 4 as above not applicable
200
More than 200 but not more than 36 6 as above not applicable
400
¹ General cargo, break-bulk or ro-ro container ship of 150 m minimum length.
² Ferry or cross channel, coastal and inter-island ship of 100 m minimum length.
³ Offshore support vessel of 50 m minimum length (in case the practical maximum sum of TIs carried is 20.)
4 TEU means “20ft Equivalent Unit” (this is equivalent to a standard freight container of 6 m nominal length).

Vol. 1, Chapter 7.1.4.5

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Provisions concerning transport operations — Stowage & Segregation

Stowage codes Notes


Stowage codes given in column 16a are listed in Volume 1, Chapter 7.1.5 of the
IMDG Code.

E.g.

Stowage Description
Code
SW1 Protected from sources of heat.
SW2 Clear of living quarters
SW3 Shall be transported under temperature control

Handling codes
Handling codes given in column 16a are listed in Volume 1, Chapter 7.1.6 of
the IMDG Code.

E.g.

Handling Description
Code
H1 Keep as dry as reasonably practicable.
H2 Keep as cool as reasonably practicable.
H3 During transport, it should be stowed (or kept) in a cool ventilated place.
H4 If cleaning of cargo spaces has to be carried out at sea, the safety pro-
cedures followed and standard of equipment used shall be at least as
effective as those employed as industry best practice in a port. Until
such cleaning is undertaken, the cargo spaces in which the asbestos
has been carried shall be closed and access to those spaces shall be
prohibited.

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Provisions concerning transport operations — Stowage & Segregation

Segregation Flow Chart

General
Segregation requirements
of Chapter 7.2 apply

Find the UN number in the


Dangerous Goods List
(DGL)

Are the goods packaged


as Limited or Excepted
Quantities?

NO YES

Is there any specific segregation Stowage Category A


requirement listed in No segregation requirements
column 16b of the DGL or on the of Chapter 7 apply
transport document (e.g. Declaration)? (Check the MSDS for incompatibilities)

NO YES
Take into account the specific and general
segregation provisions and apply the most
stringent requirement.
(Check the MSDS for incompatibilities)

Use the Segregation tables as applicable in accordance with the general provisions.

Segregation by Class Table - Pg 108


Permitted mixed stowage of Explosives Table - Pg 109
Loading DGs with Foodstuffs in a CTU - Pg 114
Segregation on Containerships - Pg 116 & 117
Segregation on Ro-Ro’s - Pg 118
Loading DGs with Foodstuffs on a General Cargo Ship - Pg 123
Loading DGs with Foodstuffs on a Shipborne Barge - Pg 125
Segregating Bulk Dangerous Goods and Packaged Dangerous Goods - IMDG Code Chapter 7.6.3.5.2

DG by Sea 2016: V4 108


Provisions concerning transport operations — Segregation

Notes
Segregation - Chapter 7.2
General provisions
This section provides general provisions for the segregation of goods that are
mutually incompatible.

Additional segregation requirements are provided in:


Chapter 7.3 - Consigning operations concerning the packaging and use of cargo
transport units (CTUs) and related provisions
Chapter 7.4 - Stowage and segregation on containerships
Chapter 7.5 - Stowage and segregation on roll-on/roll-off ships
Chapter 7.6 - Stowage and segregation on general cargo ships
Chapter 7.7 - Shipborne barges on barge carrying ships.

Segregation is designed to provide safety from undue hazards due to mixing of


substances when spillage or leakage occurs. The extent of the hazard arising
from possible reaction between dangerous goods vary, and therefore, so do
segregation distances.
In short, when loading dangerous goods in containers or in confined spaces,
taking into account gases and vapours that may be expelled, there must be no
chance of interaction between incompatible goods.

The general provisions for separating classes of dangerous goods is in the


“Segregation table” Chapter 7.2.1.16. In addition the Dangerous Goods List
column 16 will indicate if there is a need to segregate from a particular substance,
material or article or other goods which may contribute to the hazard. The
substance’s (M)SDS will also give information about correct segregation.

Column 16b will always take precedence over the segregation table.

Both primary and subsidiary risks are used to determine segregation require-
ments. Where segregation for subsidiary risk is more stringent than for the pri-
mary risk the most stringent segregation requirement will apply.
Vol. 1, Chapter 7.2.3

For the purpose of segregation, dangerous goods having certain similar chemical
properties have been grouped together in segregation groups as listed below:
1 Acids 10 Liquid halogenated hydrocarbons
2 Ammonium compounds 11 Mercury and mercury compounds
3 Bromates 12 Nitrites and their mixtures
4 Chlorates 13 Perchlorates
5 Chlorites 14 Permanganates
6 Cyanides 15 Powdered metals
7 Heavy metals and their salts 16 Peroxides
8 Hypochlorites 17 Azides
9 Lead and compounds 18 Alkalis

Where in the Dangerous Goods List entry in column 16b a particular segregation
requirement refers to a group of substances, such as "acids", the particular
segregation requirement applies to all the goods allocated to the respective
segregation group listed in 3.1.4.4.
Where segregation from combustible material is required this does not include
dunnage, or similar, or securing material.
Vol. 1, Chapter 7.2.5

DG by Sea 2016: V4 109


Provisions concerning transport operations — Segregation

Special provisions for segregation Notes


This section provides information on when no segregation is needed between
different classes based on water concentrations and scientific evidence
demonstrating that they will not react with each other. Table 1 and 2 of this
section provides substances that are compatible and therefore they do not require
segregation.
Provision is also made for corrosive materials of class 8, packing group II or III,
to be transported in the same CTU, regardless of the provisions of column 16b of
the Dangerous Goods List if 7.2.6.1, & 5.4.1.5.11.3 are complied with. Refer to
7.2.6.4 for all details.
Vol. 1, Chapter 7.2.6.
Segregation table - Chapter 7.2.4
The following table shows the general provisions for segregation between the
various classes of dangerous goods.

Since the properties of substances, materials or articles within each class may
vary greatly, the Dangerous Goods List shall always be consulted for particular
provisions for segregation as, in the case of conflicting provisions, these take
precedence over the general provisions.
Segregation shall also take into account any subsidiary risks.

DG by Sea 2016: V4 110


Provisions concerning transport operations — Segregation

Segregation of Class 1 — Explosives Notes


Chapter 7.2.7
Segregation within Class 1
Explosives not requiring segregation may be stowed together in the same
compartment, hold, vehicle, portable magazine etc. Those requiring segregation
must be stowed in separate containers.

For mixed loads the most stringent division applies the following order of
precedence of hazard must be observed for the entire load and stowage arranged
accordingly:

(Greatest hazard) 1.1, 1.5, 1.2, 1.3,1.6, 1.4 (Least hazard)

PERMITTED MIXED STOWAGE FOR GOODS OF CLASS 1


PERMITTED MIXED STOWAGE FOR GOODS OF CLASS 1 - Notes for table
COMPATIBILITY A B C D E F G H J K L N S
GROUP

A X
B X X
6 6 4
C X X X X¹ X X
6 6 4
D X X X X¹ X X
6 6 4
E X X X X¹ X X
F X X
G X¹ X¹ X¹ X X
H X X
J X X
K X X
L X²
4 4 4
N X X X X³ X5
S X X X X X X X X X X5 X

‘X’ Indicates that goods of the corresponding compatibility groups may be


stowed in the same compartment.
Notes
‘1’ Explosive articles of compatibility group G (except fireworks and those which need special
stowage) may be stowed with other explosive articles of compatibility groups C, D and E
provided there are no explosive substances carried in the same compartment, portable
magazine, freight container or vehicle.
‘2’ A consignment of one type in compatibility group L should only be stowed with a
consignment of the same type within compatibility group L.
‘3’ Different types of articles of division 1.6, compatibility group N, may only be transported
together when it is proven that there is no additional risk of sympathetic detonation between
the articles. Otherwise they should be treated as division 1.1.
‘4’ When articles of compatibility group N are transported with articles or substances of
compatibility groups C, D or E, the goods of compatibility group N should be treated as
compatibility group D
‘5’ When articles of compatibility group N are transported together with articles or substances
of compatibility group S, the entire load should be treated as compatibility group N.
‘6’ Any combination of articles in compatibility groups C, D and E should be treated as
compatibility group E. Any combination of substances in compatibility groups C and D
should be treated as the most appropriate compatibility group shown in the compatibility
group classification codes table (see classification), taking into account the predominant
characteristics of the combined load. This overall classification code should be displayed
on any label or placard placed on a unit load or cargo transport unit.

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Provisions concerning transport operations — Stowage & Segregation

Notes
Australian Marine Orders 41, Schedule 1, section 7.2
EXPLOSIVES
7.2.1 Where Class 1 Explosives (except 1.4S goods) are required by 7.4.6.4.2 to
be examined this must be done by an AMSA surveyor before loading;
7.2.2 An AMSA Surveyor may determine that inspection of a transport unit with
solely class 1.4S explosives within may be exempt.
7.2.3 Explosives may not be carried in a tanker without the Manager, Ship
Inspections approval.

Segregation codes
Segregation codes given in column 16b are listed in Volume 1, Chapter 7.2.8 of
the IMDG Code.

E.g.

Segregation Description
Code
SG1 For packages carrying a subsidiary risk of class 1, segregation as for
Class 1, division 1.3.
SG2 Segregation as for class 1.2G.
SG21 Stow “away from” alkalis
SG60 Stow “separated from” peroxides

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Provisions concerning transport operations — CTUs

Consigning operations concerning the pack- Notes

ing and use of cargo transport units (CTUs)


and related provisions - Chapter 7.3
General provisions
Packages containing dangerous goods shall only be loaded in CTUs that are
strong enough to withstand the shocks and loadings normally encountered during
transport.

The CTU shall be constructed in such a way as to prevent loss of contents.


This section provides general provisions for the segregation of goods that are
mutually incompatible.

Unless otherwise specified, the applicable pro-


visions of the International Convention for
Safe Containers (CSC) 1972, as amended,
shall be followed for the use of any car-
go transport unit which meets the definition of
a "container" within the terms of that conven-
tion.

The International Convention for Safe Containers does not apply to offshore con-
tainers that are handled in open seas. Any container that will be handled in open
sea must be clearly marked with the words “OFFSHORE CONTAINER”. This
confirms that the container has been designed and tested to take into considera-
tion the dynamic lifting and impact forces which may occur when the container
is handled in open seas in adverse weather.

Packing of CTUs
Conditions encountered at sea
Sea voyages may encounter all forms of weather which may
result in pitching, rolling, heaving, surging, yawing, swaying,
frost, sweating of cargo, excessive heat, or torrential rain, in
which case dangerous goods must be packaged sufficiently to
protect them from damage and breakage, especially when in
transport units or vehicles.
IMO CTU Packing & Securing Code, Chapter 5

Containers and Vehicles


The packing of cargo transport units must comply with the IMO/ILO/UN ECE “Guidelines for Packing
Cargo in Freight Containers or Vehicles”.
The packing of dangerous goods into freight containers or road vehicles must be supervised by a
competent person with a knowledge of the IMDG Code and above guidelines.
MO41, Schedule 1, 4.1 & 4.2

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Provisions concerning transport operations — Packing CTU

CTU visual inspection Notes


EXTERIOR
Look for any major structural defects in the container and ensure
the doors can be securely locked and sealed.
The container should bear a current Safety Approval Plate.
Any irrelevant marks, labels or placards should be removed or
masked.
Vehicles should be equipped with attachment or tie down points.
Check covers, canvases etc. used for general freight to ensure
they are adequately secured and in good condition. Canvases
must not be used for DG’s
INTERIOR
Ensure the container is weatherproof. Check any point of
possible leakage.
Check the internal structure of the container for sharp
protrusions (nails, bolts, broken flooring etc.) which could cause
damage to cargo or injury to persons.
Any cargo tie down points should be serviceable.
The container should be clean, dry and free of residue and
odours from previous cargo.
IMO CTU Packing & Securing Code, Chapter 8.2

Stowage planning, packing and securing of cargo


before packing - GENERAL
 The container/vehicle should be on level firm ground or on a
trailer bed etc;
 The load should be planned before packing is commenced;
 The planned load must be within the payload limits;
 Try to plan an even weight distribution over the floor area;
 Any projections from an open top or open-sided container must
have special arrangements made for it during transport with the
shipping lines, haulage companies etc;
 Consider those who will need to unpack the container when
planning the load.
IMO CTU Packing & Securing Code, Chapter 8.3 & 9.1

Before packing - DANGEROUS GOODS


 The shipper should provide information about the properties of the dangerous
goods to be handled and their quantity;
 The packages containing dangerous goods must be properly marked, labelled
and packaged in accordance with the IMDG Code;
 The loading and handling of dangerous goods should be supervised by a
competent person familiar with the requirements of the IMDG Code and
Australian Maritime Orders;
 Fire prevention measures should be imposed during loading;
 All packages before loading should be checked for damage, leakage, or sift-
ing. Any package found to be damaged, leaking or sifting must not be loaded.
IMO CTU Packing & Securing Code, Chapter 10.2

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Provisions concerning transport operations —Packing CTU

Packing and securing - GENERAL Notes


 Secure and pack the container contents against movement
encountered at sea;
 Place fragile items on top, heavier items on the bottom;
 Distribute weight as evenly as possible (no more than 60% of the
total weight should be concentrated in less than half of the
container floor area);
 Use dunnage, air bags, folded cardboard, etc. to fill gaps;
 Place liquids below solids;
 DO NOT place wet cargo or liquids with other cargo prone to
reaction or damage through moisture;
 DO NOT load leaking or damaged packages unless hazard or
safety protection measures have been taken;
 Indicate and observe special handling information on the exterior
of the container eg. “Protect from frost or extreme sunlight”, “This
way up”, “Keep dry”.
IMO CTU Packing & Securing Code, Chapter 9

Packing and securing - DANGEROUS GOODS


 Check Compatibility Tables before loading to ensure safe
segregation is maintained; (Refer pg 108 & 109 of work book)
 Check all dangerous goods packages for leakage or breakage, and
if found emergency measures should be taken until the risk is
established;
 Consumption of food or drink should be avoided while handling
dangerous goods and persons should wash-up thoroughly after
handling;
 Vented packages should be packed so the vents are upright, have
an air space and are not blocked or restricted;
 Place dangerous goods towards the doors of containers with labels
and marks visible, but ensure they will not ‘fall out’ when doors
are opened.
IMO CTU Packing & Securing Code, Chapter 10.3

On completion of packing - GENERAL


 Try to prevent ‘fall out’ during the final stages of loading. ‘Fall out’ is what
happens to packages after being subjected to the movements at sea. They fall
against the doors inside the container and on the person unpacking the
container when it is opened;
 Consider country quarantine regulations when using
containers with wood - ensure wood treatment certificates
are prominently displayed or available;
 Check all doors and seals after closing the container;
 Ensure there are no loose attachments, hatches or
equipment;
 Display warning labels on the outside of doors for hazards
such as dry ice or containers under fumigation;
 Containers under fumigation that have been sufficiently
ventilated are certified as safe.

MO CTU Packing & Securing Code, Chapter 11

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Provisions concerning transport operations — Packing CTU

On completion of packing - Notes


DANGEROUS GOODS
 Ensure the container is properly placarded:
- for a freight container, one on each side and one on
each end of the unit;
- for a railway wagon, at least one on each side; and
- for any other cargo transport unit, at least on both
sides and on the back of the unit.

 The container must be certified with a:


- Container Packaging Certificate.

Vol. 1, Chapter 7.3.3


UN1845
AS COOLANT

Segregation in CTUs
Dangerous goods requiring to be segregated from each other in Chapter 7.2 shall
not be transported in the same CTU, except for those with an “Away From’ re-
quirement which can be transported together with competent authority approval.
Vol. 1, Chapter 7.3.4

Segregation in relation to foodstuffs for CTUs


DGs NOT TO BE TRANSPORTED IN SAME CTU AS FOODSTUFFs
2.3 6.1, PG I & II 6.2 7 8, PG I
Displaying the
code
“SG50” in
(N/A to Excepted Column 16b
Packages of
Class 7)

DGs THAT MAY BE TRANSPORTED 3 Meters AWAY IN THE SAME CTU


6.1, PG III 8, PG II 8, PG III
Displaying the
code 3 Meter
“SG29” in
Column 16b
Primary or Primary only Primary or
Sub-risk Sub-risk

Vol. 1, Chapter 7.3.4.2

Tracking and monitoring equipment


Security devices, beacons or other tracking or monitoring equipment shall be
securely installed to the CTU and will be a certified “safe” type for the dangerous
goods being carried within the CTU.
Vol. 1, Chapter 7.3.5

Before loading CTUs containing DGs on board ships


CTUs shall be examined for external signs of leakage, damage or shifting of con-
tents. If any sign is found that this has occurred the CTU shall not be loaded on
board until the damaged packages have been removed and the damage repaired.
Vol. 1, Chapter 7.3.8

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Provisions concerning transport operations — Packing CTU

Opening and unloading CTUs Notes


CTU shall be approached with caution. Before opening doors consider:
• Nature of contents;
• Possibility that leakage has caused:
- unsafe conditions;
- concentration of toxic or flammable vapours;
- Oxygen enriched or depleted atmosphere.

After a cargo transport unit carrying dangerous goods has been unpacked or
unloaded, precautions shall be taken to ensure that there is no contamination
likely to make the cargo transport unit dangerous.

After unpacking or unloading corrosive substances, particular attention shall be


paid to cleaning, as residues may be highly corrosive to the metal structures.

Remove or mask DG placards and marks once no hazard is present.


Vol. 1, Chapter 7.3.6

Temperature control provisions


Some substances, such as organic peroxides and self–reactive substances have a
self accelerating decomposition temperature (SADT) and if this temperature is
exceeded a possibly explosively violent reaction may take place. For these
classes of material the control and emergency temperatures are required to be
shown on the multimodal form. Other materials may require temperature control
for commercial reasons.

The SADT shall be identified in order to decide if temperature control is required


in which case a control temperature is determined. The relationship between the
SADT and control temperature and emergency temperature is as follows:

Type of receptacle SADT Control temperature Emergency tempera-


ture
Single packagings and 20°C or less 20°C below SADT 10°C below SADT
IBCs
Over 20°C to 35°C 15°C below SADT 10°C below SADT

Over 35°C 10°C below SADT 5°C below SADT

Portable tanks Less than 50°C 10°C below SADT 5°C below SADT

Vol. 1, Chapter 7.3.7

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Provisions concerning transport operations — Containerships

Stowage and Segregation on Containerships Notes

- Chapter 7.4
Introduction
This section of the IMDG Code relates to the stowage and segregation of con-
tainers that meet the definition of a container under the International Convention
of Safe Containers (CSC) Code, on ships that are fitted to give permanent stow-
age of containers during transport.

For ships carrying in conventional cargo spaces not fitted for permanent stowage
Chapter 7.6 applies.

Stowage
Hatchless Containerships
Dangerous Goods shall only be transported in or vertically above a hatchless
container hold if the dangerous goods are permitted for under deck stowage and
the hold is in full compliance with SOLAS 74.

Chapter 7.4 also provides specifications on:


• Provisions for ships with partially weathertight hatchway covers
• Provisions for containers with flammable gases and highly flammable
liquids (On deck stowage only - 2.4 m away from ignition sources)
• Ventilation provisions (Under deck stowage allowances for mechanically
ventilated cargo holds)
Vol. 1, Chapter 7.4.2

Segregation requirements
Container space means a distance of not less than 6 meters fore and aft or not
less than 2.4 meters athwartships.

DG by Sea 2016: V4 118


Provisions concerning transport operations — Containerships

Notes

Vol. 1, Chapter 7.4.3

DG by Sea 2016: V4 119


Provisions concerning transport operations — Ro-
Ro-Ro’s

Stowage and Segregation on Ro-


Ro-Ro ships - Notes

Chapter 7.5

Introduction
This section of the IMDG Code relates to the stowage and segregation of CTUs
which are transported in ro-ro spaces. If permanent stowage positions are fitted
Chapter 7.4 applies for CTUs carried in these spaces.

For Ro-Ro ships with conventional cargo spaces Chapter 7.6 applies.
Vol. 1, Chapter 7.5.1

Stowage
Instructions are provided for the stowage and securing of cargo transport units on
vehicle decks. All loading must be under the supervision of the master or a re-
sponsible person appointed by the master.

Provisions in this chapter are made for:


• loading/unloading operations,
• passenger access,
• spread of vapors and liquids,
• carriage of flammable liquids or gases,
• ventilation systems
• Electrically operated refrigeration or heating equipment fitted to any CTU
• Cargo Inspection
Vol. 1, Chapter 7.5.2

Segregation requirements

DG by Sea 2016: V4 120


Provisions concerning transport operations — General Cargo Ships

Stowage and Segregation on General Cargo Notes

Ships - Chapter 7.6


Introduction
This section of the IMDG relates to the stowage and segregation of CTUs stowed
in the conventional way on board general cargo ships. They also apply to ships
where CTUs are transported in conventional cargo spaces, including weather
decks, where permanent stowage is not fitted.

For CTUs stowed in permanent stowage positions Chapter 7.4 applies.


Chapter 7.6.1

Stowage
The stacking weights for IBCs and Large Packaging must not be exceeded.

Fibreboard boxes or packages susceptible to water damage should be stowed


below deck whenever possible, or if stowed on deck they should be protected at
all times from weather and the sea water.

Drums must always be stowed upright, unless otherwise authorised by the com-
petent authority.

On deck stowage has also been prescribed for dangerous goods:


- requiring constant supervision; or
- require quick access to the material; or
- where a substantial risk of explosive gas mixtures, highly toxic vapours
or unobserved corrosion of the ship may develop.

Stowage of dangerous goods:


• must ensure clear walkways and access to all facilities on-board; and
• special stowage for each class and substance, as indicated in the Dangerous
Goods List, must be observed.
• Hydrants, sounding pipes and other similar articles and access to them
must be kept clear of dangerous goods.

Portable tanks shall not be overstowed by other cargo transport units unless they
are designed for that purpose to the satisfaction of the competent authority.

Cargo spaces and decks shall be clean and dry as relevant to hazards exhibited
by the dangerous goods. In order to reduce risk of ignition, cargo spaces must be
free of dust.

CTUs or packages found to be damaged, leaking or sifting must not be loaded.


Care must be taken to ensure that excessive water, snow, ice or foreign matter
adhering to packages and CTUs is removed before loading.

Packages and CTUs must be braced and secured to prevent damage to them or
any fittings.
Vol. 1, Chapter 7.6.2

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Provisions concerning transport operations — General Cargo Ships

Chapter 7.6 also provides specifications on: Notes


• Provisions for flammable gases and highly flammable liquids (On deck
stowage only - 3 m away from ignition sources)
• Ventilation provisions (Under deck stowage allowances for mechanically
ventilated cargo holds)
Vol. 1, Chapter 7.6.2.2

General stowage provisions for Class 1


 All compartments or holds and CTUs shall be locked or suitably secured in
order to prevent unauthorised access. The means of locking or securing
must be such that, in case of emergency, access can be gained without
delay.
 The compartment should be clean, free from dust from other cargo (coal,
grain dust) to reduce chance of ignition;
 Loading/unloading equipment and procedures should ensure that sparks are
not produced, in particular cargo compartment floors not constructed of
close-boarded wood;
 All cargo handlers should be briefed of potential risks and necessary pre-
cautions;

Segregation requirements for Class 1


On Deck
For different compatibility groups transported on deck, they shall be stowed not
less than 6 meters apart unless their mixed stowage is allowed as per Chapter
7.2.7.
In single hold ships
Explosives shall be segregated as per Chapter 7.2.7 except that:
1. Goods of Division 1.1 or 1.2 compatibility group B may be stowed in the
same hold as substances of compatibility group D provided:
- the net explosives mass of goods of compatibility group B does not ex-
ceed 50 kg; and
2. - such goods are stowed in a closed CTU which is stowed at least 6 meters
from the substance of compatibility group D.
3. Explosives of Division 1.4, compatibility group B may be stowed in the
same hold as substances of compatibility group D provided they are sepa-
rated either by a distance of 6 meters or by a steel division.
Vol. 1, Chapter 7.6.2.4

General Stowage provisions for Class 2


 When stowed in a vertical position, receptacles should be blocked, boxed
etc. to prevent movement and provide clearance from a steel deck. The
surrounding box etc. must also be secured to prevent movement.
 For on-deck stowage protect the receptacles from radiant heat, including
strong sunlight.
 Receptacles stowed under-deck should be in mechanically ventilated cargo
spaces.
Vol. 1, Chapter 7.6.2.5

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Provisions concerning transport operations — General Cargo Ships

General stowage provisions for Class 3 Notes


 Flammable liquids with a flashpoint of 23°C or less in jerrycans, plastic
(3H1, 3H2) drums, plastics (1H1, 1H2) and plastic receptacles in plastic
drums (6HH1, 6HH2) should be stowed “ON DECK ONLY” unless packed
in a closed cargo transport unit.
 Packages loaded on deck shall be protected from sources of heat.
Vol. 1, Chapter 7.6.2.6

Stowage of Flammable Gases or Liquids below deck


The underdeck compartment must comply with the SOLAS Convention regulation 54.3
of Chapter II-2. Where SOLAS Chapter II-2, regulation 54.3 does not apply to a ship
and no document of compliance is carried, flammable gasses or liquids will only be per-
mitted to be loaded in a specified underdeck compartment when authorised by the flag
Administration having regards to the precautions listed in below.

All switches, fuses, lamp fittings or other electrical appliances within the compartment
must be electrically isolated.

If isolation cannot be achieved, dangerous goods can only be stowed in the


compartment if the following is achieved:
 the electrical cables must be enclosed in heavy gauge steel conduit or be
protected by an electrically continuous metal sheating and steel wire armouring,
or be of the mineral insulated metal sheathed type;
 tests of the insulation resistance of any cable traversing the compartment must
be made to ascertain the condition of the cable and the results of such tests must
be to the satisfaction of the surveyor;
 any junction box within the compartment serving a circuit not isolated must be
gas tight, of sound construction, and be sighted or protected to prevent
mechanical damage;
 a live circuit must not include or serve an electrical appliance within the
compartment.

Ventilation of gases and vapours should be such that they are safely dispersed so as
not to endanger the ship or persons onboard. Compartments must also be thoroughly
ventilated after the goods have been unloaded to safeguard against the chance of
ignition, explosion or fire.

The bilge suction pipes from a hold where flammable gases and liquids are stowed
must be sealed in the engine-room. The appropriate valves in the distribution box must
be closed and the wheels or handles locked or removed. Warning notices should be
prominently displayed at appropriate conspicuous locations.
MO41, Schedule 1, Section 8

General stowage provisions for Classes 4.1, 4.2 & 4.3


Packages stowed on deck shall be protected from sources of heat

Special stowage requirements are provided for:


FISHMEAL, UNSTABILIZED and STABILIZED (UN 1374 and UN 2216)
which may include periodic monitoring of the temperature of shipments.
Vol. 1, Chapter 7.6.2.7.2

SEED CAKE (UN 1386) which may include ventilation requirements and/or
periodic monitoring of the temperature of shipments.
Vol. 1, Chapter 7.6.2.7.3

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Provisions concerning transport operations — General Cargo Ships

General stowage provisions for Class 5.1 Notes


Before loading ensure cargo spaces are properly cleaned. Particular attention
should be paid to the removal of combustible material not necessary for the
stowage of the cargo.

Whenever practical non-combustible securing and protecting material should be


used and a minimum of clean dry wooden dunnage should be used.

Precautions should be taken to ensure there is no leakage or penetration of


oxidizing substances into other cargo areas, bilges etc. which may contain
combustible material.

After cargo has been unloaded check cargo spaces for contamination. A
contaminated cargo space must be thoroughly cleaned and examined before being
used again, especially for foodstuffs.
Vol. 1, Chapter 7.6.2.8

Stowage of AMMONIUM NITRATE, UN1942 and AMMONIUM NITRATE


BASED FERTILIZER, UN2067
These two UN numbers may be stowed below deck in clean cargo spaces capable
of being easily accessed, opened and ventilated in emergency. Stability of the
vessel if holds are flooded and compatibility of ALL materials must be
considered before loading.
Vol. 1, Chapter 7.6.2.8.4

General stowage provisions for self- self-reactive substances of Class 4.1


and Class 5.2
Packages stowed on deck shall be protected from sources of heat

It may be necessary during a voyage to jettison a package or take emergency


action so consideration should be given to this when arranging stowage.
Vol. 1, Chapter 7.6.2.9

General stowage provisions for Classes 6.1 and 8


After cargo has been unloaded check cargo spaces for contamination. A
contaminated cargo space must be thoroughly cleaned and examined before being
used again, especially for foodstuffs.

Class 8 substances should be kept as dry as possible as most in the presence of


moisture are more or less corrosive to most metals. Some also react very
violently with water.
Vol. 1, Chapter 7.6.2.10

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Provisions concerning transport operations — General Cargo Ships

General stowage provisions for Class 9 Notes


Special stowage precautions are provided for:

AMMONIUM NITRATE BASED FERTILIZER (UN 2071) includes requir-


ing clean cargo spaces, quick access;
and
FISHMEAL, STABILIZED (UN 2216) includes in flexible bulk container not
permitted on deck.

Vol. 1, Chapter 7.6.2.11

Segregation requirements from foodstuffs


Stowage Requirement

Class/Division of Separated by a complete


Hazard (Primary or sub-risk) Away From Separated From compartment or hold from
(3 m) (6 m) (12 m)
2.3 – Toxic Gas (If in closed CTU) X
6.1 – Toxic Substances (If in closed CTU) X
6.2 – Infectious Substances (If in closed CTU) X
7 – Radioactive Material (If in closed CTU) X
(Not applicable to Excepted Packages)
8 – Corrosive (If in closed CTU) X
Displaying the term “Separated (If in closed CTU) X
from” in Column 16

Note:
1. “If in closed CTU” means either the DG or the foodstuffs is in a closed CTU
but not together.
2. If dangerous goods and foodstuffs are in different closed CTUs then no
segregation is required.
Vol. 1, Chapter 7.6.3.1

Definition of segregation of packages stowed in the


conventional way terms
When the following terms are used the following stowage restrictions apply to
packaged dangerous goods.

“Away from”
Effectively segregated so that the incompatible goods cannot interact dangerously
in the event of an accident but may be transported in the same compartment or
hold or on deck provided a minimum horizontal separation of 3 metre, project-
ed vertically, is between them.

Note: If segregation is
between a closed CTU and a
package or two closed CTUs
no segregation is required.

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Provisions concerning transport operations — General Cargo Ships

“Separated from” Notes


Under deck - In separate holds or
compartments. A vertical
separation is acceptable as long
as the compartment deck is
resistant to fire and liquids.
On deck - a minimum distance
of 6 metres horizontally is
required between the two goods.

Note: If segregation is between a


closed CTU and a package or
two closed CTUs, the “Away
From” requirement may be used.

“Separated by a complete compartment or hold”


Segregated either vertically or
horizontally.
If the decks are not fire and liquid
resistant then only horizontal
separation is allowed.
On deck - a minimum horizontal
distance of 12 metres is required
and also if one package is on deck
and the other is in a upper hold.

“Separated longitudinally by an intervening complete compartment


or hold”
Between a package on deck and
one under deck a minimum
distance of 24 metres including a
complete hold or compartment
must be maintained.
On deck the minimum distance of
24 metres must be maintained.
Vertically stowage is not allowed.

Notes:
Open Transport Units containing dangerous goods must be stowed and
segregated from other dangerous goods stowed in holds or compartments as
detailed above.
Vol. 1, Chapter 7.6.3.2, 7.6.3.3 & 7.6.3.4

Segregation requirements between bulk materials possessing chemical hazards


and dangerous goods in packaged form is provided in a segregation Table in
Chapter 7.6.3.5.2

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Provisions concerning transport operations — Shipborne Barges

Notes
Shipborne Barges on Barge-
Barge-carrying Ships -
Chapter 7.7
Introduction
This chapter is applicable to packaged dangerous goods or solid bulk materials
possessing chemical hazards while aboard barge-carrying ships.

Packaged dangerous goods or solid bulk material possessing chemical hazards


may only be carried on shipborne barges of steel construction , including the
hatches, unless otherwise permitted, and under the conditions dictated, by the
competent authority concerned.
Vol. 1, Chapter 7.7.1

Barge loading
Packages shall be examined and any found to be damaged, leaking or sifting must
not be loaded. Care must be taken to ensure that excessive water, snow, ice or
foreign matter adhering to packages is removed before loading.

Packages and CTUs must be braced and secured to prevent damage to them or
any fittings. Fittings on packages or portable tanks must be adequately protected.

Barges into which dangerous goods are to be loaded must be visually inspected to
ensure the barge is watertight. Where there is hull or hatch damage which
compromises watertight integrity dangerous goods should not be loaded.

Dangerous goods displaying BK2 in column 13 of the Dangerous Goods List may
be transported in bulk in shipborne barges. They must be evenly trimmed,
secured and distributed.

Dangerous goods requiring segregation according to Chapter 7.2 shall not be


transported in the same barge, except for those with an “Away From” segregation
requirement, which can be transported in the same barge with competent
authority approval.
Vol. 1, Chapter 7.7.3

DGs NOT TO BE TRANSPORTED IN SAME BARGE AS FOODSTUFFs

2.3 6.1, PG I & II 6.2 7 8, PG I


Displaying the
code
“SG50” in
(N/A to Excepted Column 16b
Packages of
Class 7)

DGs THAT MAY BE TRANSPORTED 3 Meters AWAY IN THE SAME BARGE

6.1, PG III 8, PG II 8, PG III


Displaying the
code 3 Meter
“SG29” in
Column 16b
Primary or Primary only Primary or
Sub-risk Sub-risk

DG by Sea 2016: V4 127


Provisions concerning transport operations — Shipborne Barges

Stowage and segregation of shipborne barges Notes


Requirements for Dangerous Goods in flexible bulk containers is provided in
Chapter 7.7.3.9

The general stowage requirements of Chapter 7.1 and Column 16a of the Danger-
ous Goods List applies to all packages or solid bulk materials in shipborne
barges.

Where multiple dangerous goods requiring different stowage locations are in the
same barge, on deck stowage only is required.

Ventilation must be provided where required.

Where protection from heat is required the provision shall apply to the entire
barge.

Requirements for fire protection systems are also provided in Chapter 7.7.4.

The most stringent segregation requirement must apply between two or more
substances.

Segregation requirements onboard barge carrying ships


“Away from” or “Separated from” require no segregation between shipborne
barges.
“Separated by a complete compartment or hold from” with vertical holds, require
separate holds, or for horizontal levels, separate levels. Barges must not be in the
same vertical line.
“Separated longitudinally by an intervening complete compartment or hold from”
with vertical holds, require an intervening holds, or for horizontal levels, separate
barge levels and a longitudinal separation of two barge spaces is required.

Vol. 1, Chapter 7.7.5

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Provisions concerning transport operations — Incident and Fire Precautions

Notes
Special Requirements in the Event of an
Incident and Fire Precautions Involving
Dangerous Goods - Chapter 7.8
EmS (Emergency Schedule)
In the event of a dangerous goods incident onboard a vessel detailed recommen-
dations are contained in the Emergency Procedures for Ships Carrying Danger-
ous Goods (EmS). The EmS number for a substance is listed in the Dangerous
Goods List in column 15. The EmS numbers refer to alphabetically listed tables
in the IMDG Supplement.

Example: The EmS number for FLUOROSILICIC ACID, UN 1778 are S-B
and F-A . Emergency schedules S-B and F-A appear below.

S-B
CORROSIVE SUBSTANCES

General comments Wear suitable protective clothing and self-contained breathing apparatus.
Avoid contact, even when wearing protective clothing.
Keep clear of effluent. Keep clear of evolving vapours.
Even short-time inhalation of small quantities of vapour can cause breathing difficulties.
Use of water on the substance may cause a violent reaction and produce toxic vapours.
Substance may damage ship’s construction materials.
Contaminated clothing should be washed off with water and then removed.
Packages Wash overboard with copious quantities of water. Do not direct water jet straight onto the
(small spillage. Keep clear of effluent. Clean the area thoroughly.
Spillage on spillage)
deck
Cargo Keep bridge and living quarters up wind. Protect crew and living quarters against corrosive
Transport or toxic vapours by using water spray to drive vapours away.
Units (large Wash overboard with copious quantities of water. Do not direct water jet straight onto the
spillage spillage. Keep clear of effluent. Clean the area thoroughly.
Packages Provide adequate ventilation. Do not enter space without self-contained breathing apparatus.
(small Check atmosphere before entering (toxicity and explosion hazard). If atmosphere cannot be
spillage) checked, do not enter. Let vapour evaporate. Keep clear.
Liquids: Provide good ventilation of the space. Wash down to the bottom of the hold. Use
Spillage copious quantities of water. Pump overboard.
under deck Solids: Collect spillage. Dispose overboard. Wash residues down to the bottom of the hold.
Use copious quantities of water. Pump overboard.
Cargo Keep bridge and living quarters upwind. Protect crew and living quarters against corrosive or
Transport toxic vapours by using water spray to drive vapours away.
Units (large Do not enter space. Keep clear. Radio for expert ADVICE. After hazard evaluation by ex-
spillage perts, you may proceed.
Provide adequate ventilation. Do not enter space without self-contained breathing apparatus.
Check atmosphere before entering (toxicity and explosion hazard). If atmosphere cannot be
checked, do not enter. Let vapour evaporate, keep clear. Where a ventilation system is
used, particular attention should be taken in order to prevent toxic vapours or fumes entering
occupied areas of the ship, e.g., living quarters, machinery spaces, working areas.
Liquids: Provide good ventilation of the spaces. Wash down to the bottom of the hold. Use
copious quantities of water. Pump overboard.
Solids: Collect spillage. Dispose overboard. Wash residues down to the bottom of the hold.
Use copious quantities of water. Pump overboard.
Special cases:

Marine Pollutant Mark Report incident according to MARPOL reporting requirements


UN 2802, UN 2809 No reaction with water. Not highly corrosive to protective clothing. Collect spillages if practi-
cable. Try to avoid disposal overboard. Radio for expert ADVICE.

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Provisions concerning transport operations — Incident and Fire Precautions

Notes
F-A
GENERAL FIRE SCHEDULE
General comments In a fire, exposed cargoes may explode or their containment may rupture.
Fight fire from a protected position from as far away as possible
Packages Create water spray from as many hoses as possible

Cargo on fire
on deck
Cargo
Transport
Units

Cargo on fire under deck Stop ventilation and close hatches.


Use cargo space fixed fire-extinguishing systems. If this is not available, create water
spray using copious quantities of water.
Cargo exposed to fire If practical, remove or jettison packages which are likely to be involved in fire. Otherwise
keep cool using water.
Special cases:
UN 1381, UN 2447 After extinguishing fire, treat immediately as for spillage (see relevant EmS SPILLAGE
SCHEDULE)

MFAG (Medical First Aid Guide)


Medical emergency actions, diagnosis and treatment tables are contained in the
Medical First Aid Guide for use in accidents involving Dangerous Goods.

Vol. 1, Chapter 7.8.1

General provisions in the event of incidents


Recommendations on emergency action may vary dependent on the physical state
of the dangerous goods and whether they are stowed on deck and under deck.

For on deck spillage it is usually recommended to wash spills overboard with


copious quantities of water unless it is identified as a marine pollutant. It is
preferred that spilled marine pollutants are collected, with inert absorbent material
where necessary, for safe disposal.

If safe to do so, MARINE POLLUTANTS should be collected for safe disposal.


Inert absorbent materials should be used for liquids.

Where possible toxic, corrosive and/or flammable vapors in confined spaces


should dispersed before undertaking emergency action.

A risk assessment should be completed before entering any space where a leak or
spill is suspected and attended by correctly equipped trained emergency crew.

A careful inspection for damage should be carried out after dealing with the
incident.
Vol. 1, Chapter 7.8.2

Special provisions for incidents involving:


Infectious substances; and
Radioactive material
are provided in Chapters 7.8.3 & 7.8.4

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Provisions concerning transport operations — Incident and Fire Precautions

Notes
General fire precautions
To prevent fires onboard ships use the following precautions:
♦ Keep combustible material away from ignition sources;
♦ Protect flammable substances with adequate packaging;
♦ Reject damaged or leaking packages;
♦ Stow packages to protect them from accidental damage or heating;
♦ Segregate packages from substances liable to start or spread fire;
♦ Try to stow dangerous goods in areas where they are accessible and can be
protected in the event of fire;
♦ Enforce “NO SMOKING” notices and signs in danger areas and display
them clearly and prominently;
♦ Ensure lighting, power cables and fittings are maintained in good condition.
Unsafe cables or equipment should be disconnected.
Fire precautions for particular classes and/or substances are recommended in
Chapters 7.8.6 and 7.8.9 and also in the Dangerous Goods List.
Vol. 1, Chapter 7.8.5-7.8.8

Exemptions, Approvals and Certificates -


Chapter 7.9
This chapter outlines the requirements for competent authority approvals as spec-
ified within the Code, Chapters 1 to 7.8. The Competent Authority may authorise
any other provision by exemption if satisfied that such provision is at least as ef-
fective as that required by this Code.

It also provides a list of competent authority contacts.


Vol. 1, Chapter 7.9.1 - 7.9.3

DG by Sea 2016: V4 131


References
International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code 2016, Vol I & 2, International
Maritime Organization, London

International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code Supplement, 2014,


International Maritime Organization, London

The Australian Navigation Act 2012, No 128, Australian Government


Bookshop, Western Australia or www.amsa.gov.au

The Australian Marine Orders, Part 41, 2009, prepared 05 June 2013,
Australian Government Bookshop, Western Australia or www.amsa.gov.au

IMO/ILO/UNECE Code of Practice for Packing of Cargo Transport Units


(CTU Code) 2014 International Maritime Organization, London

International Convention for Safe Containers, 2014 Edition, International


Maritime Organization, London

Code of safe practice for Solid Bulk Cargoes 2009, International Maritime
Organization, London

Revised Recommendations on the Safe Transport of Dangerous Cargoes and


Related Activities in Port Areas, 2007 edition, International Maritime
Organization, London

Code of Practice for the Carriage of Cargoes and Persons by Offshore Support
Vessels, 2000 edition, International Maritime Organization, London
Dangerous, Hazardous and Harmful Cargoes, Handbook, 2009. Australian
Maritime Safety Authority. (www.amsa.gov.au)

Code of Practice for the Safe Transport of Radioactive Material, 2014,


ARPANSA, Australia

Australian Code for the Transport of Explosives by Road and Rail (Australian
Explosives Code) 3rd Edition, Australian Government Bookshop, Western
Australia

IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations 2017, 58th Edition, International Air


Transport Association, Canada

Regulations for the Safe Transport of Radioactive Materials TS-R-1 2005


Edition International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)

DG by Sea 2016: V4 132

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