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DANGEROUS GOODS
BY SEA -
ACCEPTED
Dangerous
whe n wet
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CONTENTS
Introduction 1
What information is where in the IMDG Code 2
Other maritime codes 3
IMDG reference marks 3
General Provisions 4-10
Application and implementation of the Code 4
Dangerous goods forbidden from transport 4
Implementation through legislation 5
Responsibilities 5-6
Definitions, units of measurement and abbreviations 6-7
Training 7-8
Security provisions 8-9
Using the IMDG Code (Flow-chart) 10
Classification 11-37
Introduction 11-13
Classes/ divisions of dangerous goods 11
Packing groups 11
Marine pollutants 12
Transport of samples 12
Transport of waste 13
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CONTENTS
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CONTENTS
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CONTENTS
Documentation 94-103
Dangerous goods transport document 94
Form of transport document 94
Completing the DG transport document 95
Dangerous goods description 95
Supplements to the DG description 95
Additional information required 96
Example multi-modal dangerous goods form 97
Special provisions for radioactive materials and for explosives 98
Example radioactive materials dangerous goods form 99
Certification / signature 100
Other required information and documentation 100
Special provisions 100
Special provisions for fumigated transport units 100
Special provisions for CTUs presenting risk of asphyxiation 100
Container/ vehicle packing certificate 101
Documentation required aboard ship 102
Emergency information 102
Special lists, manifests or stowage plans 102
Example of dangerous goods manifest 103
Provisions concerning transport operations 104-107
Stowage categories 104
Stowage near living quarters 105
Special stowage provisions 105
Stowage of empty uncleaned packaging including IBCs and LPs 105
Stowage of marine pollutants 105
Stowage of limited and excepted quantities 105
Stowage of Class 1 - Explosives 105
Stowage of Class 7 - Radioactive 106
Stowage codes 107
Handling codes 107
Segregation 108-112
Segregation Flow Chart 108
General provisions 109
Special provisions for segregation 110
Segregation table 110
Segregation of Class 1 - Explosives 111-112
Segregation codes 112
Consigning operations concerning cargo transport units 113-117
(CTUs)
General provisions 113
Packing CTUs 113-116
CTU visual inspection 114
Before packing 114
Packing and securing 115
Completion of packing 115-116
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CONTENTS
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INTRODUCTION
The carriage of dangerous goods by sea is regulated in order to prevent injury to
persons, or damage to ships and their cargoes, whilst the transport of marine
pollutants is primarily regulated to prevent harm to the marine environment.
COURSE OBJECTIVES
♦ To demonstrate how to apply the IMDG Code to a given shipment of
dangerous goods.
♦ To provide a greater awareness of the need for strict control over the
transportation of dangerous goods by sea.
LEARNING OUTCOME
You must have access to a current set of the IMDG Code to reference the
information in this course and to apply the knowledge.
DG by Sea 2016: V4 1
What information is where in the
IMDG Code
The IMDG Code comprises two volumes, plus a supplement. It
is the maritime industry’s main reference source when Notes
transporting dangerous goods by sea, and contains the following
sections:
The Supplement is for use primarily on-board the vessel, but is also
referenced by shore-based and emergency response personnel. It contains the
following information, much of which has been summarized and incorporated
into this workbook:
DG by Sea 2016: V4 2
What information is where in the IMDG Code
Other codes used by the IMO, AMSA and Australian Ports Notes
for the Transport of Dangerous Goods, which may aid
function-specific training:
IMO Codes
International Maritime Solid Bulk Cargoes Code
(IMSBC Code);
DG by Sea 2016: V4 3
GENERAL PROVISIONS
Notes
General Provisions
Chapter 1.1
Application and implementation of the Code
The IMDG Code is directed at the mariner, associated industries and shore-based
organizations shipping, transporting and/or packing dangerous goods.
The IMDG Code amplifies these principles. They are reproduced in full in
chapter 1.1.2.2 of the IMDG Code.
Chapter 1.1.2
In addition the IMDG Code adopts recommendations set down by the United
Nations Committee of Experts on the Transport of Dangerous Goods, and the
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) for radioactives, which cover
shipping of dangerous goods by all modes of transport.
DG by Sea 2016: V4 4
General Provisions
Marine Order 41, which adopts the requirements of the IMDG Code, and the
Navigation Act 2012 apply to:
• Australian Registered Ships and Internationally Registered Ships
operating in Australian waters; and
• Persons engaged in packing, loading, stowing or unloading dangerous
goods intended for such ships.
Responsibilities
The AMSA Marine Orders specify the following notification/documentation
requirements, which reflect the IMDG Code requirements and therefore ensures
compliance. These will be discussed in more detail later in the workbook.
DG by Sea 2016: V4 5
General Provisions
Notes
The Shipper is responsible for:
Classifying their dangerous goods (IMDG Code Chapter 2.0.0);
Packaging the dangerous goods in compliance with the IMDG Code; and
Forwarding the Multi-Modal Dangerous Goods Form, plus any
competent authority approval or certificate, to the:
Consolidator; or (if not to be loaded in a CTU)
Master of the ship or their representative; and
Only when requested, AMSA Surveyor.
If all of the information required is not available prior to 24 hours before the
goods are loaded, the Master must provide the AMSA Surveyor with at least the
following information:
Ship name,
Ships IMO number,
Port of loading,
Date of loading and departure,
Classes of goods being loaded.
The master must also notify the AMSA Surveyor, in writing, of any subsequent
changes prior to the goods being loaded.
MO41, Section 9.1
Definitions, units of measurement and
abbreviations — Chapter 1.2
Definitions
Terms of a technical nature, or those specific to dangerous goods or sea
transport, are defined in chapter 1.2.1.
Vol. 1, Chapter 1.2.1
Units of Measurement
Acceptable units of measurement are detailed. Both SI (metric) units and
acceptable equivalents and the relationship between the measurements are
specified. The following is a list of Conversion Tables.
Vol. 1, Chapter 1.2.2.1
DG by Sea 2016: V4 6
General Provisions
Notes
The following Tables of Equivalence are in the IMDG Code
Mass Conversion Tables: Conversion Factors, and Pounds to kilograms
and vice versa
Liquid Measure Conversion tables: Conversion Factors, and Imperial
pints and gallons to litres and vice versa
Temperature conversion tables: Conversion Factors, and Centigrade to
Fahrenheit and vice versa
Vol. 1, Chapter 1.2.2.6
List of abbreviations
Abbreviations that are used throughout the Code are explained.
Vol. 1, Chapter 1.2.3
Records of training received must be kept by the employer and made available
to the employee or competent authorities, upon request.
Vol. 1, Chapter 1.3.1.3
Who does what training?
Shore-based personnel involved with documenting, marking and labelling,
packing and/or loading DGs and/or CTUs must have training approved
(‘accepted’) by AMSA.
DG by Sea 2016: V4 7
General Provisions
For example:
2014 version released at the end of 2014 and applicable from 01/01/14.
Has applicability until 31/12/17, and is the mandatory Code until then.
2016 version released at the end of 2016 and may be used from 01/01/17.
Becomes the mandatory Code on 01 Jan 18, when the 2014 version expires.
Has applicability until 31/12/19.
DG by Sea 2016: V4 8
General Provisions
High consequence dangerous goods are those which have the potential for mis- Notes
use in a terrorist incident, producing serious consequences such as mass casual-
ties or mass destruction. Following is an indicative list of high consequence
dangerous goods:
Class 1 Division 1.1 explosives
Class 1 Division 1.2 explosives
Class 1 Division 1.3 compatibility group C explosives
Class 1 Division 1.4. UN Nos. 0104, 0237, 0255, 0267, 0289, 0361, 0365, 0366, 0440, 0441,
0455, 0456 and 0500
Class 1 Division 1.5 explosives
Class 2.1 Flammable gases in quantities greater than 3000 L in a road tank vehicle, a rail
way tank wagon or a portable tank
Class 2.3 Toxic gases
Class 3 Flammable liquids of packing groups I and II in quantities greater than 3000 L in a
road tank vehicle, a railway tank wagon or a portable tank
Class 3 Desensitized liquid explosives
Class 4.1 Desensitized solid explosives
Class 4.2 Goods of packing group I in quantities greater than 3000 kg or 3000 L in a road
tank vehicle, a railway tank wagon, a portable tank or a bulk container
Class 4.3 Goods of packing group I in quantities greater than 3000 kg or 3000 L in a road
tank vehicle, a railway tank wagon, a portable tank or a bulk container
Class 5.1 Oxidizing liquids of packing group I in quantities greater than 3000 L in a road tank
vehicle, a railway tank wagon or a portable tank
Class 5.1 Perchlorates, ammonium nitrate, ammonium nitrate fertilizers and ammonium
nitrate emulsions or suspensions or gels in quantities greater than 3000 kg or 3000 L in a
road tank vehicle, a railway tank wagon, a portable tank or a bulk container
Class 6.1 Toxic substances of packing group I
Class 6.2 Infectious substances of category A (UN Nos. 2814 and 2900)
Class 7 Radioactive material in quantities greater than 3000 A1 (special form) or 3000 A2, as
applicable, in Type B(U) or Type B(M) or Type C packages
Class 8 Corrosive substances of packing group I in quantities greater than 3000 kg or 3000 L
in a road tank vehicle, a railway tank wagon, a portable tank or a bulk container.
DG by Sea 2016: V4 9
How to use the IMDG Code
Do you have a UN Number or a Proper Shipping Name (PSN)?
(Refer to the SDS)
YES YES NO
UN Number PSN only Classify
Locate the UN number in Look up the name in the (Vol 1, Part 2)
the DG List alphabetical index and get
(Vol 2, DGL 3.2) the UN number. Select “Proper Shipping
(Vol.2, Index, p.251) Name”
Ensure you select the (Vol.2, Appendix A, p.225)
correct entry for your Packing
Group (if applicable)
Column (6)
Check Special Provisions Can you use?
(Vol 2, p.197)
DG by Sea 2016: V4 10
CLASSIFICATION
Introduction Notes
Chapter 2.0
Classification is a means to identify and describe the hazardous properties
presented by an article or substance. Classification is the responsibility of the
shipper/consignor or the competent authority as specified by the Code.
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.0.0
Class 1 Explosives
Division 1.1 – Mass explosion hazard
Division 1.2 – Projection hazard but no mass explosion hazard
Division 1.3 – Fire and minor blast/projection hazard, but no mass explosion
hazard
Division 1.4 – No significant hazard
Division 1.5 – Very insensitive with a mass explosion hazard
Division 1.6 – Extremely insensitive with no mass explosion hazard
Class 2 Gases
Class 2.1 – Flammable Gas
Class 2.2 – Non-flammable, non-toxic gas
Class 2.3 – Toxic Gas
Class 3 Flammable Liquids
Class 4 Flammable Solids, spontaneously combustible and Dangerous when wet
Class 4.1 – Flammable solids, self-reactive substances, solid desensitized explosives,
and polymerizing substances
Class 4.2 – Substances liable to spontaneous combustion
Class 4.3 – Substances which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases
Class 5 Oxidizing Substances and Organic Peroxides
Class 5.1 – Oxidizing substances
Class 5.2 – Organic peroxides
Class 6 Toxic and Infectious Substances
Class 6.1 – Toxic substances
Class 6.2 – Infectious substances
Class 7 Radioactive Material
Class 8 Corrosive substances
Class 9 Miscellaneous dangerous substances and articles
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.0.1
NOTE
Except for Class 7, the IMDG Code does not require the hazard description to be shown
on labels or placards, however the label may include the text if desired (excluding the
Class 9 label for lithium batteries, see page 88 of this workbook). Chapter 5.2.2.2.1.3
DG by Sea 2016: V4 11
Classification
Marine pollutants are identified in Chapter 3.2 the Dangerous Goods List and the
Alphabetical Index by the symbol P. Not all marine pollutants are identified by the
'P' symbol in the IMDG Code as they may be mixtures, solutions, manufactured
articles or substances. These items are usually identified from their MSDS.
Some pollutants may not meet the classification of a dangerous good, class 1-8, but
may still present a hazard to the marine environment. These items are classified as
Environmentally Hazardous Substance Solid or Liquid (see chapter 2.10).
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.0.1.2 & 2.10
Transport of samples
When a hazard class is uncertain and the item is being transported for further testing,
a tentative hazard class, proper shipping name and UN number must be assigned on
the basis of the consignors knowledge of the substance and application of:
- the classification criteria; and
- the precedence of hazards.
The most severe packing group possible for the proper shipping name must be
chosen.
If a proper shipping name already exists that indicates the dangerous good as a
sample it must be used (e.g. Gas Sample, Non-pressurised, Flammable). Otherwise
the most appropriate proper shipping name must be used and be supplemented with
the word “SAMPLE”. The technical name as required by special provision 274 need
not be applied (e.g. Flammable liquid, n.o.s., sample).
This provision cannot be used for:
substances prohibited for transport by Chapter 1.1.3;
classes 1, 6.2 or 7;
This provision can only be used if:
self-reactive substances (4.1) or organic peroxides (5.2) are in compliance with
2.4.2.3.2.4.2 or 2.5.3.2.5.1;
substances are transported in combination packages of no more than 2.5kg net
mass per package; and
the sample is not packed together with other goods.
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.0.4
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Classification
Transport of solid wastes in bulk is only permitted with the approval of the
competent authority of the country of origin.
Wastes are to be transported under the provisions of the appropriate class according
to the hazard and the classification criteria of the IMDG Code, or if they exhibit
multiple hazards according to section 2.0.5.4.3 and 2.0.5.4.4 of the Code.
Some wastes may not meet the classification of a dangerous good, class 1-8, but may
still present a hazard to the marine environment. These items are classified as UN
3077 or UN 3082, Environmentally Hazardous Substance Solid or Liquid. The
proper shipping name must be supplemented with the word “WASTE”, e.g.
“Environmentally hazardous substance, solid, n.o.s., waste”.
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.0.5
DG by Sea 2016: V4 13
Classification
Chapter 2.1
Note: As Class 1 is a restricted class only those explosive
substances and articles that are listed in the Dangerous Goods List in Chapter 3.2
may be accepted for transport.
However, explosive substances and articles can be approved for carriage by the
competent authority for special purposes and under special conditions.
Therefore entries have been included in the Dangerous Goods List for
"Substances, explosive, not otherwise specified" and "Articles, explosive, not
otherwise specified". It is intended that these entries should only be used when no
other method of operation is possible.
DG by Sea 2016: V4 14
Classification
Division 1.4 Substances and articles which have no significant hazard: Notes
presents only a small hazard in the event of ignition or
initiation. The effects are largely confined to the package and
no projection of fragments of appreciable size or range is
expected. An external fire must not cause
instantaneous explosion of almost the entire contents.
DG by Sea 2016: V4 15
Classification
Article containing a primary explosive substance and not containing two B 1.1B
or more effective protective features. Some articles such as detonators 1.2B
for blasting, detonator assemblies for blasting and primers, cap-type, are 1.4B
included, even though they do not contain primary explosives.
Propellant explosive substance or other deflagrating explosive substance C 1.1C
or articles containing such explosive substance. 1.2C
1.3C
1.4C
Secondary detonating explosive substances or black powder or article D 1.1D
containing a secondary detonating explosive substance, in each case 1.2D
without the means of initiation and without a propelling charge, or article 1.4D
containing a primary explosive substance and containing two or more 1.5D
effective protective features.
Article containing a secondary detonating explosive substance, without E 1.1E
means of initiation, with a propelling charge (other than one containing a 1.2E
flammable liquid or gel, or hypergolic liquids) 1.4E
Article containing a secondary detonating explosive substance with its F 1.1F
own means of initiation, with a propelling charge (other than one 1.2F
containing a flammable liquid or gel, or hypergolic liquids) 1.3F
1.4F
Pyrotechnic substance, or article containing a pyrotechnic substance, or G 1.1G
article containing both an explosive substance and an illuminating, 1.2G
incendiary, tear or smoke producing substance (other than a water- 1.3G
activated article or one containing white phosphorus, phosphides, a 1.4G
pyrophoric substance, a flammable liquid or gel, or hypergolic liquids)
Article containing both an explosive substance and white phosphorus H 1.2H
1.3H
Article containing both an explosive substance and a flammable liquid or J 1.1J
gel 1.2J
1.3J
Article containing both an explosive substance and a toxic chemical K 1.2K
agent 1.3K
Explosive substance or article containing an explosive substance and L 1.1L
presenting a special risk (such as due to water-activation or presence of 1.2L
hypergolic liquids, phosphides or a pyrophoric substance) needing 1.3L
isolation of each type (see 7.2.7.1.4, note 2)
Articles predominantly containing extremely insensitive substances N 1.6N
Note 1: Articles of compatibility groups D and E may be fitted or packed together with
their own means of initiation provided that such means have at least two effective
protective features designed to prevent an explosion in the event of accidential
functioning of the means of initiation. Such articles and packages shall be assigned to
compatibility groups D or E.
Note 2: Articles of compatibility groups D and E may be packed together with their own
means of initiation, which do not have two effective protective features when, in the
opinion of the competent authority of the country of origin, the accidental functioning of
the means of initiation does not cause the explosion of an article under normal conditions
of transport. Such packages shall be assigned to compatibilty groups D or E.
DG by Sea 2016: V4 16
Classification
Notes
Classification procedure
Before the transport of any explosives the Proper Shipping Name,
Classification and Compatibility Group must be assigned and confirmed in
writing by the competent authority (AMSA for maritime in Australia) in the
state of manufacture.
DG by Sea 2016: V4 17
Classification
Notes
CLASS 2 - Gases
Chapter 2.2
The transport condition of a gas is described according to its physical state as:
1. Compressed gas: A gas which, when packed under pressure for transport, is
entirely gaseous at –50°C;
eg. carbon dioxide and oxygen cylinders
2. Liquefied gas: A gas which, when packed under pressure for transport, is
partially liquid at temperatures above –50°C;
eg. fire extinguishers, butane, cigarette lighters
3. Refrigerated liquefied gas: A gas which, when packed under pressure for
transport, is made partially liquid because of its low temperature:
eg. liquid helium, nitrogen
4. Dissolved Gas: A gas which when packed under pressure for transport is
dissolved in a liquid phase solvent.
eg. acetylene cylinders
5. Adsorbed Gas: A gas which when packed for transport is adsorbed onto a
solid porous material resulting in an internal pressure of less than 101.3 kPa at
20°C and 300 kPa at 50°C
e.g. Activated carbon is a sorbent for adsorbed natural gas
Class 2 also includes Mixture of Gases; Mixtures of one or more gases with one
or more vapours of substances of other classes; Articles charged with a gas; and
Aerosols.
Gases may have one or more of the following hazards. They may be:
Flammable;
Non-flammable, non-toxic;
Toxic;
Corrosive;
Supporters of combustion.
Many gases have narcotic effects even at low concentration and some may evolve
toxic gases when involved in a fire. Even chemically and physiologically inert
gases will be suffocating in high concentrations.
All gases which are heavier than air will present a potential danger if allowed to
accumulate in the bottom of cargo spaces.
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.2.1
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Classification
Notes
Class 2 Sub-
Sub-divisions
Class 2 is subdivided as follows:
DG by Sea 2016: V4 19
Classification
Precedence of hazard
Gases and mixtures of gases with hazards associated with more than one class
take the following precedence:
Class 2.3 (Toxic) takes precedence over ALL OTHER CLASSES (Except for
segregation purposes)
Class 2.1 takes precedence over class 2.2
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.2.2.4
Mixtures of gases
The classification of gas mixtures (including vapours of substances from other
classes) is provided in Chapter 2.2.3 based on flammability, toxicity, corrosive
nature and oxidizing effects.
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.2.3
DG by Sea 2016: V4 20
Classification
Chapter 2.3
Affix
Class 3
label eg. paint; perfumery products;
here varnishes; petrol; adhesives;
medicines; some alcoholic
beverages, some coating
solutions, acetal.
I - ≤ 35
II < 23 > 35
III ≥ 23 to ≤ 60 > 35
DG by Sea 2016: V4 21
Classification
Viscous substances that have a flash point equal to or above 23°C and below or
equal to 60°C, that are not toxic, corrosive or environmentally hazardous (or are
environmentally hazardous but are being transported in inner or single packages
of 5L or less), have no more than 20% nitrocellulose, (provided the nitrocellulose
contains not more than 12.6% nitrogen by dry mass); and are packed in
receptacles not exceeding 30 L capacity are not subject to the provisions for the
marking, labelling and testing of packages if they comply with the conditions of
Chapter 2.3.2.5.
The statement “Transport in accordance with 2.3.2.5 of the IMDG Code” must be
included on the transport document. Vol. 1, Chapter 2.3.2.2-2.3.2.5
Determination of flashpoint
The flash point of a liquid is the lowest temperature at which a liquid gives off
sufficient vapour to form an ignitable mixture with air. Don’t confuse flash point
with ignition temperature which is the temperature to which a vapour-air
concentration must be heated to cause an actual explosion. There is no
relationship between flash point and ignition temperature.
The flash point of a liquid may vary dependent on the construction of the test
apparatus and procedure followed. There are several standard test apparatus
currently in use however they all operate on the same principle: a quantity of
liquid is introduced into a receptacle at a temperature well below expected flash
point then slowly heated; a small flame is periodically brought near the surface
of the liquid. The flash point is the lowest temperature at which a “flash” is
observed.
Test methods can be divided into two main groups: open-cup tests which use an
uncovered receptacle; and closed-cup tests where the receptacle is covered and
only opened to admit the flame. Closed-cup test methods are generally more
accurate than open-cup test so are therefore preferred.
A list of Standard documents describing test methods used in certain countries for
the determination of flash points is provided for reference.
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.3.3
Note: For flammable liquids the flashpoint must supplement the dangerous goods
description on the transport document.
DG by Sea 2016: V4 22
Classification
Flammable solids
These are solids which, under the normal conditions encountered in transport are
readily combustible or may cause or contribute to fire through friction.
Readily combustible solids are fibres, powdered, granular or pasty substances
which are dangerous if they can be easily ignited by brief contact with an ignition
source, such as a burning match, and if the flame spreads rapidly.
The danger may not only come from fire but also toxic combustion products.
Metal powders can be particularly dangerous because of the difficulty of
extinguishing a fire, as normal extinguishing agents such as water or carbon
dioxide can increase the hazard.
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.4.2.2.1
Self-reactive substances
These are thermally unstable substances liable to undergo a strongly exothermic
decomposition even without the participation of oxygen (air) which results in
them being liable to catch fire during transport.
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.4.2.3
DG by Sea 2016: V4 23
Classification
Self-reactive substances are classified into seven different types according to the Notes
degree of danger they represent, Type A (forbidden) to Type G (not restricted).
Self-reactive substances permitted for transport in packaging are listed in section
2.4.2.3.2.3, for IBC’s in Packing Instruction IBC520, and for Portable Tanks in
Tank Instruction T23.
Classification must be done by the national competent authority of the country of
origin.
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.4.2.3.2
Polymerizing substances
These substances are liable to undergo a strongly exothermic reaction when
without stabilization, resulting in the formation of larger particles or polymers.
Substances are polymerizing substances when (as packaged) their SAPT (self-
accelerating polymerization temperature) is ≤75°C, they exhibit a heat reaction of
more than 300J/g, and they do not meet any other criteria for inclusion in classes
1-8. They may require temperature control during transport.
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.4.2.5
Self-heating substances
These are other substances which when in contact with air and without an energy
supply are liable to self heating. These substances will ignite only when in large
quantities (kilograms) and after long periods of time (hours or days).
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.4.3
DG by Sea 2016: V4 24
Classification
Notes
Class 4.3 Substances which, in contact with water,
emit flammable gases
Liquids or solids which, by interaction with water, are liable to become
spontaneously flammable or to give off flammable gases in dangerous quantities.
DG by Sea 2016: V4 25
Classification
Organic Peroxides.
Chapter 2.5
Class Five is divided into two classes as follows:
Class 5.1 - Oxidizing substances
Substances which, while themselves not necessarily combustible, yield oxygen
and may cause or contribute to combustion of other material. Such substances
may be contained in an article.
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.5.1
Because Oxidizers evolve oxygen they substantially increase the risk and
intensity of fire in other materials. Most react violently with liquid acids and
evolve toxic gases when involved in a fire.
Mixtures of Oxidizing Substances and many materials, even flour, sugar, edible
oils, mineral oils etc., are dangerous. These mixtures may be readily ignited by
friction or impact and may burn violently and lead to explosion.
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.5.2.1
Testing procedures for the classification and allocation of packing groups for
solid oxidizers are given in Chapter 2.5.2.2, and liquid oxidizers in Chapter
2.5.2.3.
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.5.2.2
DG by Sea 2016: V4 26
Classification
Organic Peroxides are thermally unstable and may undergo exothermic self-
accelerating decomposition. In addition, they may have one or more of the
following properties:
liable to explosive decomposition;
Evolve harmful or flammable gases or vapours;
burn vigorously;
sensitive to impact or friction;
react dangerously with other substances;
cause damage to the eyes and skin.
e.g. Methyl ethyl ketone peroxide (MEKP– used as the activator in some resin
kits and also as a cleaning agent).
DG by Sea 2016: V4 27
Classification
Chapter 2.6
Class Six is subdivided into two classes:
Class 6.1 - Toxic substances
Substances liable to cause death, serious injury or harm to human health if
swallowed or inhaled, or in contact with the skin. Toxic has the same meaning as
poisonous.
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.6.1
The danger of an unsuspecting person inhaling vapours some distance from the
cargo and physical contact have been taken into consideration in the context of
the probability of an accident occurring during carriage by sea.
Nearly all toxic substances give off toxic gases when involved in a fire or when
heated to decomposition.
Substances specified as “stabilized” must not be transported in an unstabilized
condition. Vol. 1, Chapter 2.6.2.1.4
I ≤ 5.0 ≤ 50 ≤ 0.2
II > 5.0 and ≤ 50 > 50 and ≤ 200 > 0.2 and ≤ 2.0
III > 50 and ≤ 300 . > 200 and ≤ 1000 >2.0 and ≤ 4.0
DG by Sea 2016: V4 28
Classification
The following materials may fall within the classification of infectious substances:
♦ Infectious substances;
♦ Biological products (manufactured products such as vaccines);
♦ Cultures (laboratory stocks of pathogens, grown in laboratory conditions)
♦ Patient specimens (blood, tissue, body parts, excreta samples etc.)
♦ Genetically modified micro-organisms and organisms.
♦ Medical and clinical waste (used needles, bandages soaked with body
fluids, etc).
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.6.3.1
Infectious substances must be assigned to:
UN 2814, “INFECTIOUS SUBSTANCE, AFFECTING HUMANS”; or
UN 2900, “INFECTIOUS SUBSTANCE, AFFECTING ANIMALS; or
UN 3291, “MEDICAL WASTE N.O.S.”; or
UN 3373, “BIOLOGICAL SUBSTANCE CATEGORY B”
as appropriate, and are divided into the categories below.
DG by Sea 2016: V4 29
Classification
Chapter 2.7
Definition: Radioactive material means any material containing radionuclides
where both the activity concentration and total activity in the consignment exceed
the values specified in 2.7.2.2.1. to 2.7.2.2.6.
A Radioactive Material may meet the definition of one or more of these groups.
UN numbers and acceptable Proper Shipping Names are published in Table
2.7.2.1.1.
Activity levels, which determine allowable package type, are obtained from Table
2.7.2.1.2.1
Units of measurement
Specific activity, which is essentially a measure of quantity, is measured in
multiples of becquerel (Bq) though was traditionally measured in curie (Ci).
The radiation dose-equivalent is measured in "sievert" (Sv) which replaces the old
unit the Rem.
Types of Packaging
Packages for radioactive materials serve two functions. In addition to providing
containment, as do all packages, they must also provide protection from radiation.
Therefore selecting the type of packaging for Radioactive Material depends on
the activity, physical state, and the potential for contaminating people and the
environment.
DG by Sea 2016: V4 30
Classification
The types of packaging used for transporting radioactives are as follows: Notes
EXCEPTED PACKAGES - Provided that the radiation level at any point of the
external package does not exceed 5 µsv/h and the requirements of 1.5.1.5 have
been met, excepted packages may be used when the radioactives are:
- in limited quantities;
- instruments;
- manufactured articles of natural uranium, depleted uranium or natural
thorium; or
- empty packages.
Categorization, labelling and shipper's declaration are not required.
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.7.2.4.1 & 5.1.5.4
TYPE B(U), TYPE B(M) and TYPE C PACKAGING - may be used for
radioactive materials not otherwise classified in 2.7.2.4.1 to 2.7.2.4.5 and
classified in accordance with the competent authority approval certificate for the
package issued by the country of origin of design.
The contents of a Type B(U), Type B(M) or Type C package shall be as specified
in the certificate of approval.
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.7.2.4.6
This chapter also advises specific provisions required for the transport of
Excepted Packages of Radioactive Materials.
Vol. 1, Chapter 1.5
DG by Sea 2016: V4 31
Classification
More than 0 but not more than 1ª More than 0.005 mSv/h but not more than 0.5 mSv/h II-Yellow
More than 1 but not more than 10 More than 0.5 mSv/h but not more than 2 mSv/h III-Yellow
More than 10 More than 2 mSv/h but not more than 10 mSv/h III-Yellow and also under exclusive use
ª If the TI is not greater than 0.05, the value quoted may be zero in accordance with 10.5.14 (Appendix G 10.5.16)
Categories of labels
Affix
II-Yellow
Affix Affix
label
I-White III-Yellow
here
label label
here here
DG by Sea 2016: V4 32
Classification
Chapter 2.8
Corrosive substances are substances which, by chemical action,
will cause severe damage when in contact with living tissue or, in the case of
leakage, will materially damage, or even destroy, other goods or the means of
transport.
Where a material can cause particularly severe personal damage an indication of
the nature of the injury is made against that substance in the Dangerous Goods
List. E.g. “causes (severe) burns to skin, eyes and mucous membranes”.
If the term “Corrosive to most metals” is included in the Dangerous Goods List it
is an indication that the substance is likely to attack any metal in the ship or its
cargo. Other statements will indicate the precise metals or situations in which
destruction is likely to occur from the substance or vapours.
Care should be taken with corrosives as many react violently with water and some
may give off corrosive or toxic gases. Therefore they should be protected during
packing and loading against moisture and sea water.
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.8.1
eg. wet batteries; hydrochloric acid;
sulphuric acid; some dyes and
disinfectants.
DG by Sea 2016: V4 33
Classification
The basic classification elements are: acute aquatic toxicity; potential for or actual
bioaccumulation; degradation for organic chemicals; and chronic aquatic toxicity.
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.9.3
DG by Sea 2016: V4 34
Classification
Where the marine pollutant does not fall within Classes 1 to 8 but is identified
as presenting a hazard to the marine environment then the materials should be
transported as Class 9:
ENVIRONMENTALLY HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE, SOLID, UN
3077 or
ENVIRONMENTALLY HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE, LIQUID, UN
3082, as appropriate.
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.10
Note: The words “Marine Pollutant“ must supplement the dangerous goods
description on the transport document (see 5.1.1.4)
NOT RESTRICTED
Marine pollutants, that do not meet the criteria of any of dangerous good, and
are packaged with, for each single package or inner package:
A net quantity of 5 L or less for liquids, or
A net mass of 5 kg or less for solids.
are NOT SUBJECT to the IMDG Code.
The minimum packaging standards must still be maintained to prevent
leakage.
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.10.2.7
DG by Sea 2016: V4 35
Classification
Example:
A substance is tested and it is determined it has two hazards;
Class 3, PG II and Class 6.1, PG II. (Oral toxicity)
Using the table above we plot both hazards to determine the primary risk and
therefore also the subsidiary risk. The greatest PG risk takes precedence.
Where the two hazards intersect, Class 3 is shown as the primary risk.
DG by Sea 2016: V4 36
Classification
Chapter 2.0.2
Dangerous goods are assigned to UN numbers and proper shipping names
according to their hazard classification and composition.
There are four types of proper shipping names in the Code:
1. Single substance or article names (eg. acetone, cyanide, etc.);
2. Generic Group entries (eg. paints, adhesives, etc.); or
N.O.S. (Not Otherwise Specified) entries:
3. Specific chemical or technical groups (Nitrates, inorganic N.O.S.); and
4. General hazard descriptions (eg. Flammable liquid N.O.S.).
The PROPER SHIPPING NAME used for a shipment should be the entry most
accurately describing the substance or article being transported. Where a
substance is specifically listed by name that entry should be used. Where a
substance is not listed specifically by name, and the material cannot be described
by a generic group entry, the appropriate N.O.S. entry must be used.
Vol. 1, Chapter 2.0.2.7
DG by Sea 2016: V4 37
Classification
Just because an item has an SDS, it is not necessarily restricted for sea transport.
The product may be a low level irritant, or be in such small concentrations that
the hazard is negligible.
Further, you should read the SDS in its entirety. Don’t rely solely on the first
section. Even if the field for the UN Number in section 14 says “Not
Applicable”, or “N/A”, you should still read through the whole SDS and check
the information against the properties of the classes.
DG by Sea 2016: V4 38
Classification
Section 1 – Identification
This section provides information about the identification of the hazardous
chemical, recommended uses and the contact details of the Australian
manufacturer or importer, including an emergency contact.
Section 2 – Hazard(s) Identification
This section describes the hazards of the chemical and the appropriate warning
information associated with the hazards as listed in Appendix C. The information
provided here must include a hazard classification statement explaining all the
hazards of the hazardous chemical.
Label elements, including precautionary statements
In this section the following labelling elements should be included in accordance
with the hazardous chemicals classification, as listed in Appendix C.
DG by Sea 2016: V4 39
Classification
DG by Sea 2016: V4 40
DANGEROUS GOODS LIST
Dangerous Goods List Notes
Chapter 3 .1
The Dangerous Goods List is in volume 2, and itemises the most commonly
transported dangerous goods. As it is not practical to include separate entries for
every chemical substance or article of commercial importance, the List also
includes generic or “not otherwise specified” (N.O.S.) entries.
Dangerous goods are identified by their United Nations number (UN no.) and
Proper Shipping Name, which are applicable internationally and across all the
modes of transport.
All documentation and package marks should show the UN no. and the Proper
Shipping Name in order that all those involved in handling the shipment know
exactly what they are dealing with. This is especially important for emergency
response information.
The UN no. is a four digit number which is allocated by the United Nations for a
particular dangerous good.
When conjunctions “and” or “or” are in lower case or punctuated by commas, the
entire name need not be shown, but rather the most appropriate portion, for
example:
Proper Shipping Names may be singular or plural, and the sequence of qualifying
words is optional.
Vol. 2, Chapter 3.1.2.3
The word “MOLTEN” must be added to the proper shipping name when a
substance which is solid is offered for transport in a molten state.
DG by Sea 2016: V4 41
Dangerous Goods List
Substances that require stabilization before transport and do not already have the Notes
word included in the name indicated in the Dangerous Goods List, the word
STABILIZED shall be added as part of the Proper Shipping Name.
Vol. 2, Chapter 3.1.2.6
Generic or “N.O.S.” entries may also require the addition of a recognised
chemical or technical name in parentheses (round brackets) following the Proper
Shipping Name. Brand or trade names should not be used. Articles and
substances having this requirement will be identified in the Dangerous Goods List
by the special provisions (e.g. 274) appearing in column 6 of the List.
For pesticides, only the ISO common name, the name used in ‘The WHO
Recommended Classification of Pesticides’, or the name of the active substance
may be included on documentation.
Vol. 2, Chapter 3.1.2.8
Marine pollutants
For generic or "not otherwise specified" (N.O.S.) entries, the Proper Shipping
Name shall be supplemented with the recognized chemical name of the marine
pollutant on the transport documents and the package marks.
Example:
UN 1263, PAINT (triethylbenzene), class 3 PG III (27°C c.c.), MARINE
POLLUTANT
Vol. 2, Chapter 3.1.2.9
Segregation groups
For the purpose of segregation, dangerous goods having certain similar chemical
properties have been grouped together in segregation groups. Where, in the
Dangerous Goods List in column 16b (segregation), a particular segregation
requirement refers to a group of substances, that particular segregation
requirement applies to the goods allocated. Segregation groups are listed as
follows:
DG by Sea 2016: V4 42
Dangerous Goods List
Column 2: Proper Shipping Name (PSN) — this column contains the Proper
Shipping Names in upper-case characters, which may have to be
followed by additional descriptive text in lower-case characters.
Proper Shipping Names may appear in plural where isomers of
similar classification exist. Hydrates may be included under the
Proper Shipping Name for the anhydrous substances.
Column 3: Class or division — this column contains the class, and in the case
of class 1, the division and the compatibility group assigned to the
substance or article according to the classification system.
Column 7a: Limited quantities — this column provides the maximum quantity
per inner packaging or article for transport under the provisions of
limited quantities (Chapter 3.4).
DG by Sea 2016: V4 43
Dangerous Goods List
A code including the letter “P” refers to packing instructions for the Notes
use of packaging described in Chapters 6.1, 6.2 and 6.3 of the Code.
A code including the letters “LP” refers to packing instructions for
the use of large packaging described in Chapter 6.6 of the Code.
When a code including the letter(s) “P” or “LP” is not provided, it
means that the substance is not allowed in that type of packaging.
Column 13: Tank and bulk container instructions — this column contains T
codes applicable to the transport of dangerous goods in portable
tanks and road tank vehicles.
BK codes refer to the type of bulk containers used for the transport
of bulk goods described in Chapters 4.3 and 6.9.
DG by Sea 2016: V4 44
Dangerous Goods List
DG by Sea 2016: V4 45
Dangerous Goods List
P 4 Marine pollutant
Special provisions
Certain substances and articles by sea transport have additional requirements over
and above what is stated in both the Dangerous Goods List and the Packing
Instructions. These are called Special Provisions, and if any are applicable to a
certain UN No, they will be listed by number in column 6 of the List. Special
provisions apply to all the packing groups permitted for a substance or article
unless stated otherwise, and are in Chapter 3.3 in Volume 2 of the Code.
Vol. 2, Chapter 3.3.1
For example, in the extract of the Dangerous Goods List on the following page:
The special provision numbers specific and unique to sea transport start from 900.
DG by Sea 2016: V4 46
UN Proper Shipping Name Class Subsidiary Packing Special Limited and excepted Packing IBC Portable Tanks and bulk EmS Stowage and Segregation Properties and observations UN
No. (PSN) or risk(s) group provisions quantity provisions containers handling No.
divi-
sion Limited Excepted Instru- Provisions Instruc- Provisions Tank Provisions
Quantity Quantity ctions tions Instruc-
tions
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7a) (7b) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16a) (16b) (17) (18)
3.1.2 2.0 2.0 2.0.1.3 3.3 3.4 3.5 4.1.4 4.1.4 4.1.4 4.1.4 4.2.5 4.2.5 5.4.3.2 7.1 7.2-7.7
4.3 7.8 7.3-7.7
0065 CORD, DETONATING flexible 1.1D - - - 0 E0 P139 PP71 - - - - - F-B, S-X Category 04 - See glossary of terms in appendix B 0065
DG by Sea 2016: V4
PP72 SW1
1569 BROMOACETONE 6.1 3 II - 0 E0 P602 - - - - T20 TP2 F-E, S-D Category D - When pure, colourless liquid evolving 1569
p TP13 SW2 irritating vapour (“Tear Gas”). Flash-
point: approximately 45°C c.c. Toxic if
swallowed, by skin contact or by
inhalation.
1760 CORROSIVE LIQUID N.O.S 8 - I 274 0 E0 P001 - - - - T14 TP2 F-A, S-B Category B - Causes burns to skin, eyes and 1760
TP27 SW2 mucous membranes.
1760 CORROSIVE LIQUID N.O.S 8 - II 274 1L E2 P001 - IBC02 - - T11 TP1 F-A, S-B Category B - See entry above. 1760
TP27 SW2
1760 CORROSIVE LIQUID N.O.S 8 - III 223 5L E1 P001 - IBC03 - - T7 TP1 F-A, S-B Category A - See entry above. 1760
274 LP01 TP28 SW2
1823 SODIUM HYDROXIDE, SOLID 8 - II - 1 kg E2 P002 - IBC08 B2 - T3 TP33 F-A, S-B Category A SG35 White pellets, flakes, lumps or solid 1823
B4 blocks, deliquescent. Reacts with
ammonium salts, evolving ammonia
gas. In the presence of moisture,
corrosive to aluminium, zinc and tin.
Causes burns to skin, eyes and
47
mucous membranes. Reacts
violently with acids
2990 LIFE-SAVING APPLIANCES, 9 - - 296 0 E0 P905 - - - - - - F-A, S-V Category A SG18 These articles may contain: 2990
SELF-INFLATING SG71 .1 Class 2.2 compressed gases;
.2 signal devices (class 1), which
may include smoke and illumination
signal flares; signal devices must be
packed in plastic or fibreboard inner
packagings;
.3 electric storage batteries;
.4 first aid kit; or
.5 “strike-anywhere” matches.
3480 LITHIUM ION BATTERIES 9 - - 188 0 E0 P903 - - - - - - F-A, S-I Category A - Electrical batteries containing lithium 3480
(including lithium ion polymer 230 P908 SW19 ion encased in a rigid metallic body.
batteries) 310 P909 Lithium ion batteries may also be
348 P910 shipped in, or packed with, equip-
376 LP903 ment. Electrical lithium batteries may
377 LP904 cause fire due to an explosive rupture
384 of the body caused by improper
construction or reaction with
contaminants
LIMITED & EXCEPTED QUANTITIES
Limited Quantities Notes
Chapter 3.4
Dangerous Goods of certain classes packed in inner packages in quantities not
exceeding the amounts shown in column 7a of the Dangerous Goods List can be
transported as “Dangerous Goods in Limited Quantities”.
Packing
Dangerous goods transported under limited quantities must be packaged only in
inner packagings, not exceeding the quantities shown in column 7a of the DG list,
placed into suitable outer packagings that comply with the general packing
requirements 4.1.1.1, 4.1.1.2 and 4.1.1.4 to 4.1.1.8 and the construction standards
of 6.1.4. If the number “0” appears in column 7a, then the article or substance
cannot be transported under the provisions of limited quantities.
Segregation
Different dangerous goods must be compatible (see 7.2.6.1) before loading into
the same outer package. They must not react dangerously with each other and
cause:
1 combustion and/or evolution of considerable heat;.
2 evolution of flammable, toxic or asphyxiant gases;.
3 the formation of corrosive substances; or.
4 the formation of unstable substances..
The segregation requirements of column 16b of the Dangerous Goods List must
also be taken into consideration.
DG by Sea 2016: V4 48
Limited and Excepted quantities
or
Note: If the package size requires, the size of the label above may be reduced to
a minimum of 50 mm x 50 mm. Vol. 2, Chapter 3.4.5
Overpacks or Unit Loads containing limited quantities must have the limited
quantity mark visible on all internal packages, otherwise the mark and the word
“OVERPACK”, in lettering at least 12mm high, must be marked on the exterior
of the overpack or unit load.
OVERPACK
Car- go
transport units only containing lim-
ited quantities of dangerous goods do not need to be placarded with a hazard
placard.
They do, however, need to be suitably marked on all four sides with the
limited quantity mark as shown above, minimum dimensions 250 x 250mm.
CTU’s containing labelled dangerous goods and limited quantities together need
only be placarded for the dangerous goods not packed as limited quantities. The
above limited quantity mark is not required. Vol. 2, Chapter 3.4.5
Documentation
The multi-modal dangerous goods form must include the words “limited
quantity” or “LTD QTY” together with the description of the shipment.
Vol. 2, Chapter 3.4.6.1
For materials with a marine pollutant hazard, the words “marine pollutant” need
not be included on multi-modal forms when inner packages contain less than 5L
or 5kg. Vol. 1, Chapter 2.10.2.7
DG by Sea 2016: V4 49
Limited and Excepted quantities
Chapter 3.5
Dangerous Goods in Excepted Quantities can be transported under the
provisions of Chapter 3.5 according to the alphanumeric code shown in column
7b against the substance in the Dangerous Goods List.
Vol. 2, Chapter 3.5.1.2
Permitted quantities
Code Maximum net quantity per inner packaging Maximum net quantity per outer packaging
(in grams for solids and ml (in grams for solids and ml for liquids
for liquids and gases) and gases, or sum of grams and ml
in the case of mixed packaging)
E5 1 300
For gases, the volume indicated for inner packagings refers to the water capacity
of the inner receptacle and the volume indicated for outer packagings refers to the
combined water capacity of all inner packagings within a single outer packaging.
Vol. 2, Chapter 3.5.1.3
When excepted quantities of dangerous goods which have different codes are
packed in the same outer, the total quantity of the outer packaging shall be limited
to the most restrictive code.
Vol. 2, Chapter 3.5.1.6
Packaging
Dangerous goods transported in excepted quantities must be packed in inner
packagings with sufficient absorbent material to absorb the entire quantity of DG,
inside intermediate packagings with cushioning, inside outer packagings. The
completed package must be able to withstand the testing in Chapter 3.5.3
Vol. 2, Chapter 3.5.2—3.5.3
DG by Sea 2016: V4 50
Limited and Excepted quantities
Documentation Notes
The multi-modal dangerous goods form must include the words “Dangerous
goods in excepted quantities” and the number of packages will be included with
the description of the shipment on the dangerous goods declaration.
Vol. 2, Chapter 3.5.6.1-5.4
Segregation
Packages of dangerous goods transported under the provisions of excepted
quantities are not subject to the segregation requirements of Chapter 7.2 to 7.7,
including the segregation codes of column 16b in the Dangerous Goods List
provided they do not react dangerously with each other (see Chapter 4.1.1.6).
The same applies to different excepted quantities in the same outer provided
they do not react dangerously with each other.
Vol. 2, Chapter 3.5.8
Stowage
The stowage codes indicated in the Dangerous Goods List, column 16a for the
UN number, are not applicable.
Dangerous goods transported under the provisions of this chapter are allocated
stowage category A.
DG by Sea 2016: V4 51
PACKING & TANK PROVISIONS
Use of Packagings Notes
Chapter 4.1
The types of packages and packaging required by the Code are those which,
based on extensive past experience, ensure a high degree of safety. Packages
must meet the design and test requirements of Chapter 6 of the Code, and may
need to be approved by the Competent Authority.
Definitions
The terms below have the following meanings in the Code:
Effec vely closed – liquid tight closure
Herme cally sealed – vapour-tight closure
Securely closed – so closed that any dry contents cannot escape
during normal handling; the minimum provisions for any closure.
Vol. 1, Chapter 4.1.0
Intermediate Bulk
Radioactive packaging Containers (IBC) Large Packages (LP)
DG by Sea 2016: V4 52
Packing & Tank Provisions
Notes
General provisions for packing
All packagings must be of good quality and condition, and be able to withstand
the shocks and loadings which occur during transport, as well as the normal
conditions encountered at sea such as changes in temperature and humidity and
movement of the vessel. Trans-shipment between cargo transport units and/or
warehouses, manual handling, etc, should also be considered.
Packaging standards
Unless provided elsewhere in the Code, all packagings, IBC’s and large
packages, except inner packagings, must conform to a design type successfully
tested in accordance with the testing details in Chapter 6.
Vol. 1, Chapter 4.1.1.3
Liquids
Sufficient ullage (outage/gap) should be left to ensure that neither leakage or
permanent distortion of the package occurs as a result of expansion of the
liquid.
Vol. 1, Chapter 4.1.1.4
Inner receptacles
Inner packages must be packed so they cannot break, be punctured or leak into
their outer packaging. Breakable inner packages, or those which may be
easily punctured (e.g. glass, porcelain, stoneware, some plastics), should be
securely cushioned.
Cushioning and absorbent material used must be inert and suited to the nature
of the contents. Inner packages must be orientated within the outer in the same
manner as in the tested package. Intermediate packaging used in addition to the
packing requirements are allowed if suitable cushioning is used.
Vol. 1, Chapter 4.1.1.5
Dangerous goods should not be packed in the same outer packaging with dan-
gerous goods or other materials if they will react dangerously with each other.
Vol. 1, Chapter 4.1.1.6
DG by Sea 2016: V4 53
Packing & Tank Provisions
Notes
Unless otherwise specified in the Dangerous Goods List, packages containing
substances which evolve flammable, toxic or corrosive gases or vapour; may
become explosive if allowed to dry; or may react dangerously with the
atmosphere, should be hermetically sealed.
Vol. 1, Chapter 4.1.1.7
Where significant internal pressure may develop vents may be used as long as
the gases given off do not present a hazard.
Vol. 1, Chapter 4.1.1.8
Before being packed, all packagings, including IBCs and large packagings,
should be inspected to ensure they are free from corrosion, contamination and
any other damage. Associated service equipment (eg. for IBCs) should also be
inspected. Any packaging showing signs of reduced strength should not be
used.
Vol. 1, Chapter 4.1.1.9
Overpacks
An overpack is a covering surrounding finished packages
of dangerous goods (such as shrink wrap, strapping, crates
or pallet boxes) to enable ease of transport and loading.
Dangerous goods within the overpack must be compatible.
Ensure non-compatible goods are not loaded together and
are kept separate.
All individual packages inside the overpack must be packed, marked and
labelled in accordance with the IMDG Code. Marks and labels which can not
clearly seen or read must be reproduced on the outside of the overpack. In
addition, an overpack must be marked with the word “OVERPACK” in lettering
at least 12 mm high.
Vol. 1, Chapter 5.1.2
Empty packagings
Empty uncleaned packages, including IBCs and large packagings, that have
been used previously for the carriage of dangerous goods, are subject to the
same requirements as a filled receptacle unless suitable measures have been
taken to nullify any hazard.
Vol. 1, Chapter 4.1.1.11
Salvage packagings
Damaged, defective, leaking or non-conforming packages, or dangerous goods
that have spilled or leaked, may be transported in special salvage packagings
mentioned in Part 6. Appropriate measures should be taken to prevent excessive
movement of the damaged or leaking packages within a salvage packaging.
When the salvage packaging contains liquids, sufficient inert absorbent material
should be added to eliminate the presence of free liquid.
Vol. 1, Chapter 4.1.1.18
DG by Sea 2016: V4 54
Packing & Tank Provisions
IBC require periodic testing every 2.5 – 5 years, in accordance with Chapter
6.5 of the Code, depending on the proposed contents.
An IBC shall not be filled and offered for transport after the date of expiry of
the last periodic test or inspection. An IBC can only be carried after periodic
inspection if it has been emptied and is awaiting cleaning for inspection or
testing and for no more than 6 months after date of expiry.
Vol. 1, Chapter 4.1.2.1 – 4.1.2.4
DG by Sea 2016: V4 55
Packing & Tank Provisions
The packing instructions do not provide guidance on compatibility and the user Notes
should make sure the substance is compatible with the packaging material (e.g.
most fluorides are unsuitable for glass receptacles). Where glass receptacles
are permitted in the packing instructions, porcelain, earthenware and stoneware
packagings are also allowed.
Vol. 1, Chapter 4.1.3.1
Column 8 of the Dangerous Goods List specifies the packing instruction that
should be used for packagings and large packagings respectively. Column 9
indicates any special packing provisions applicable.
Vol. 1, Chapter 4.1.3.2
367
367
367
Each packing instruction shows, where applicable, the acceptable single and
combination packagings. For combination packagings, the acceptable outer
packagings, inner packagings, and the maximum quantity permitted in each
inner and outer packaging are shown.
Where the packing instructions authorise the use of a particular type of outer
packaging in a combination packaging (eg. 4G), packagings bearing the same
package type identification code followed by the letters “V”, “U”, or “W” (eg.
4GV, 4GU, 4GW) may also be used under the same conditions and limitations.
Vol. 1, Chapter 4.1.3.5
DG by Sea 2016: V4 56
Notes
P001 PACKING INSTRUCTION (LIQUIDS) P001
The following packagings are authorized provided the general provisions of 4.1.1 and 4.1.3 are met.
Combination packagings Maximum capacity/net mass (see 4.1.3.3)
Inner packagings Outer packagings Packing group I Packing group II Packing group III
Glass 10 L Drums
Plastics 30 L steel (1A1, 1A2) 75 kg 400 kg 400 kg
Metal 40 L aluminium (1B1, 1B2) 75 kg 400 kg 400 kg
other metal (1N1, 1N2) 75 kg 400 kg 400 kg
plastics (1H1, 1H2) 75 kg 400 kg 400 kg
plywood (1D) 75 kg 400 kg 400 kg
fibre (1G) 75 kg 400 kg 400 kg
Boxes
steel (4A) 75 kg 400 kg 400 kg
aluminium (4B) 75 kg 400 kg 400 kg
other metal (4N) 75 kg 400 kg 400 kg
natural wood (4C1, 4C2) 75 kg 400 kg 400 kg
plywood (4D) 75 kg 400 kg 400 kg
reconstituted wood (4F) 75 kg 400 kg 400 kg
fibreboard (4G) 75 kg 400 kg 400 kg
expanded plastics (4H1) 40 kg 60 kg 60 kg
solid plastics (4H2) 75 kg 400 kg 400 kg
Jerricans
steel (3A1, 3A2) 60 kg 120 kg 120 kg
aluminium (3B1, 3B2) 60 kg 120 kg 120 kg
plastics (3H1, 3H2) 30 kg 120 kg 120 kg
Single Packagings
Drums
steel, non-removable head (1A1) 250 L 450 L 450 L
steel, removable head (1A2) prohibited 250 L 250 L
aluminium, non-removable head (1B1) 250 L 450 L 450 L
aluminium, removable head (1B2) prohibited 250 L 250 L
other metal, non-removable head (1N1) 250 L 450 L 450 L
other metal, removable head (1N2) prohibited 250 L 250 L
plastics, non-removable head (1H1) 250 L* 450 L 450 L
plastics, removable head (1H2) Prohibited 250 L 250 L
Jerricans
steel, non-removable head (3A1) 60 L 60 L 60 L
steel, removable head (3A2) prohibited 60 L 60 L
aluminium, non-removable head (3B1) 60 L 60 L 60 L
aluminium, removable head (3B2) prohibited 60 L 60 L
plastics, non-removable head (3H1) 60 L* 60 L 60 L
plastics, removable head (3H2) Prohibited 60 L 60 L
Composite packagings
Plastics receptacle in steel or aluminium drum 250 L 250 L 250 L
(6HA1, 6HB1)
Plastics receptacle in fibre, plastics or plywood drum 120 L* 250 L 250 L
(6HG1, 6HH1, 6HD1)
60 L* 60 L 60 L
Plastics receptacle in steel or aluminium crate or
box or plastics receptacle in wood, plywood, fibre-
board or solid plastics box (6HA2, 6HB2, 6HC,
6HD2, 6HG2 or 6HH2)
60 L 60 L 60 L
Glass receptacle in steel, aluminium, fibre, plywood,
solid plastics or expanded plastics drum (6PA1,
6PB1, 6PG1, 6PD1, 6PH1 or 6PH2) or in a steel,
aluminium, wood or fibreboard box or in a wicker-
work hamper (6PA2, 6PB2, 6PC, 6PG2 or 6PD2)
Pressure receptacles, provided that the general provisions of 4.1.3.6 are met.
DG by Sea 2016: V4 57
P001 PACKING INSTRUCTION (LIQUIDS) (continued) P001 Notes
Special packing provisions
PP1 For UN Nos. 1133, 1210, 1263 and 1866 and for adhesives, printing ink related materials, paints,
paint related materials and resin solutions which are assigned to UN 3082, metal or plastic packag-
ings for substances of packing groups II and III in quantities of 5 litres or less per packaging are not
required to meet the performance tests in chapter 6.1 when transported:
(a) in palletized loads, a pallet box or a unit load device, such as individual packagings placed or
stacked and secured by strapping, shrink– or stretch-wrapping or other suitable means to a pal-
let. For sea transport, the palletized loads, pallet boxes or unit load devices shall be firmly
packed and secured in closed cargo transport units. On roll-on/roll-off ships the unit loads may
be carried in vehicles other than closed vehicles provided they are securely fenced to the full
height of the cargo carried; or
(b) as an inner packaging of a combination packaging with a maximum net mass of 40 kg.
PP2 For UN 3065, wooden barrels with a maximum capacity of 250 litres and which do not meet the provi-
sions of chapter 6.1 may be used.
PP4 For UN 1774, packagings should meet the packing group II performance level.
PP5 For UN 1204, packagings shall be so constructed that explosion is not possible by reason of in-
creased internal pressure. Gas cylinders and gas receptacles shall not be used for these substances.
PP10 For UN 1791, packing group II, the packaging shall be vented.
PP31 For UN Nos. 1131, 1553, 1693, 1694, 1699, 1701, 2478, 2604, 2785, 3148, 3183, 3184, 3185, 3186,
3187, 3188, 3398 (PG II and III), 3399 (PG II and III), 3413 and 3414 packagings shall be hermetically
sealed.
PP33 For UN 1308, packing groups I and II, only combination packagings with a maximum gross mass of
75 kg are allowed.
PP81 For UN 1790, with more than 60% but not more than 85% hydrogen fluoride and UN 2031 with more
than 55% nitric acid, the permitted use of plastics drums and jerricans as single packagings shall be
two years from their date of manufacture.
PP93 For UN Nos. 3532 and 3534, packagings shall be designed and constructed to permit the release of
gas or vapour to prevent a build up of pressure that could rupture the packagings in the event of loss
or stabilization.
Inner packagings Large outer packagings Packing group I Packing group II Packing group III
DG by Sea 2016: V4 58
Packing & Tank Provisions
Cylinders intended for use with a flammable liquid must comply with
Australian Standard 2030.1 (Cylinders for Compressed Gases other than
Acetylene) or an equivalent international standard.
For all the special packing provisions for explosives, see Chapter 4.1.5.
Vol. 1, Chapter 4.1.1.17 & 4.1.5
Refillable pressure vessels shall not be filled with a gas or mixture different
from that previously contained. Pressure receptacles shall be filled according
to the working pressures, filling ratios and the provisions of the packing
instruction.
Vol. 1, Chapter 4.1.6.1
Pressure receptacles, including their closures shall conform to the design,
construction, inspection and testing requirements in Chapter 6.2 and may
require approval by the competent authority.
Vol. 1, Chapter 4.1.6.1.7
DG by Sea 2016: V4 59
Packing & Tank Provisions
Notes
Valves, should be protected against shock or impact by inherent design or:
valves are placed inside the neck of the pressure receptacle and
protected by a threaded plug or cap;
protective caps are securely attached and vented to allow
evacuation of gas in case of leakage;
protected by shrouds or guards;
transporting in frames (eg bundles); or
enclosing the receptacle and valve in a strong box or crate capable
of with standing PG I performance tests.
Vol. 1, Chapter 4.1.6.1.8
DG by Sea 2016: V4 60
Packing & Tank Provisions
Notes
Special packing provisions for Classes 4.1 and 5.2
Receptacles for organic peroxides should be “effectively closed” (see page 52
of your workbook for definitions). Where significant internal pressure may
develop, a vent may be fitted, provided the gas given off is not dangerous.
Vol. 1, Chapter 4.1.7.0
Packagings shall meet the testing and making requirement of Part 6 at the
packing group II performance level.
Vol. 1, Chapter 4.1.7.1.1
Packing methods for organic peroxides and self-reactive substances are listed
in packing instruction P520 and are designated OP1 to OP8. The quantities
specified for each packing method are the maximum quantities authorised per
package.
Vol. 1, Chapter 4.1.7.1.2
A package shall not contain any items other than those that are necessary for
the use of the radioactive material and shall not reduce the safety of the
package.
Vol. 1, Chapter 4.1.9.1.3
DG by Sea 2016: V4 61
Packing & Tank Provisions
Notes
Use of portable tanks
This section provides general provisions applicable to the use of portable tanks
for the transport of substances of classes 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9. Substances
shall be transported in portable tanks conforming to the applicable portable
tank instruction and the portable tank special provisions assigned to each sub-
stance in the Dangerous Goods List.
Empty portable tanks not cleaned and not gas-free shall comply with the same
provisions as portable tanks filled with the previous substance.
IMO portable tanks manufactured before 1 January 2003 shall be marked with
the portable tank instruction for which it meets the minimum requirements.
These tanks need not be marked with the tank instruction until the next
periodic inspection and test.
Vol. 1, Chapter 4.2.0.3
Portable tank provisions for the following are also displayed in this section.
- Non-refrigerated liquefied gas (4.2.2)
- Refrigerated liquefied gas (4.2.3)
- Multiple-element gas containers (4.2.4)
Provisions for the following classes are provided in Chapter 4.2.1 of the Code:
General provisions for the use of portable tanks for the transport of sub-
stances of Class 1 and Classes 3 to 9 (4.2.1)
Additional provisions applicable to the transport of Class 3 substances in
portable tanks (4.2.1.10)
Additional provisions applicable to the transport of Class 5.2 substances
and Class 4.1 self-reactive substances in portable tanks (4.2.1.13)
Additional provisions applicable to the transport of Class 7 substances in
portable tanks (4.2.1.16)
Additional provisions applicable to the transport of Class 8 substances in
portable tanks (4.2.1.17)
Additional provisions applicable to the transport of solid substances
transported above their melting point (4.2.1.19)
MEGCs shall conform to the design, construction, inspection and testing re-
quirements detailed in Part 6 of the Code. The elements of MEGCs shall be
periodically inspected according to the provisions set out in packing instruction
P200 and in Chapter 6.2.
Vol. 1, Chapter 4.2.4.2
DG by Sea 2016: V4 62
Packing & Tank Provisions
IMO type 1 tank means a portable tank for the transport of substances of clas-
ses 3 to 9 fitted with pressure-relief devices, having a maximum allowable
working pressure of 1.75 bar and above.
IMO type 2 tank means a portable tank fitted with pressure-relief devices, hav-
ing a maximum allowable working pressure equal to or above 1.0 bar but below
1.75 bar, intended for the transport of certain dangerous liquids of low hazard
and certain solids.
IMO type 4 tank means a road tank vehicle for the transport of dangerous
goods of classes 3 to 9 and includes a semi-trailer with a permanently attached
tank or a tank attached to a chassis, with at least four twist locks which comply
with ISO standards, (e.g. ISO International Standard 1161:1984).
IMO type 5 tank means a portable tank fitted with pressure-relief devices
which is used for non-refrigerated liquefied gases of class 2.
IMO type 6 tank means a road tank vehicle for the transport of non-
refrigerated liquefied gases of class 2 and includes a semi-trailer with a perma-
nently attached tank or a tank attached to a chassis which is fitted with items of
service equipment and structural equipment necessary for the transport of gases.
IMO type 7 tank means a thermally insulated portable tank fitted with items of
service and structural equipment necessary for the transport of refrigerated liq-
uefied gases. The portable tank shall be capable of being transported, loaded
and discharged without the need of removal of its structural equipment, and
shall be capable of being lifted when full. It shall not be permanently secured
on board the ship.
IMO type 8 tank means a road tank vehicle for the transport of refrigerated
liquefied gases of class 2 and includes a semi-trailer with a permanently at-
tached thermally insulated tank fitted with items of service equipment and
structural equipment necessary for the transport of refrigerated liquefied gases.
Vol. 1, Chapter 4.2.0
DG by Sea 2016: V4 63
Alternative tank instructions
If you do not have a tank as listed under the tank instruction (e.g. T5) the follow-
ing list indicates acceptable alternative portable tanks which can be used because
they possess higher test pressures, greater shell thicknesses, more stringent bottom
opening and pressure-relief device arrangements.
Vol. 1, Chapter 4.2.5.2.5
DG by Sea 2016: V4 64
Packing & Tank Provisions
Notes
Portable tank
instruction specified Portable tank instructions also permitted
T1 T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15, T16, T17, T18, T19, T20, T21, T22
T2 T4, T5, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15, T16, T17, T18, T19, T20, T21, T22
T3 T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15, T16, T17, T18, T19, T20, T21, T22
T4 T5, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15, T16, T17, T18, T19, T20, T21, T22
T5 T10, T14, T19, T20, T22
T6 T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15, T16, T17, T18, T19, T20, T21, T22
T7 T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15, T16, T17, T18, T19, T20, T21, T22
T8 T9, T10, T13, T14, T19, T20, T21, T22
T9 T10, T13, T14, T19, T20, T21, T22
T10 T14, T19, T20, T22
T11 T12, T13, T14, T15, T16, T17, T18, T19, T20, T21, T22
T12 T14, T16, T18, T19, T20, T22
T13 T14, T19, T20, T21, T22
T14 T19, T20, T22
T15 T16, T17, T18, T19, T20, T21, T22
T16 T18, T19, T20, T22
T17 T18, T19, T20, T21, T22
T18 T19, T20, T22
T19 T20, T22
T20 T22
T21 T22
T22 None
T23 None
T50 None
Additional provisions for bulk goods of classes 4.2, 4.3, 5.1, 6.2, 7 and 8
appear in Chapter 4.3.2 of the Code.
Additional provisions for the use of BK1 & BK3 containers appear in Chapter
4.3.3 & 4.3.4 of the Code.
Vol. 1, Chapter 4.3
DG by Sea 2016: V4 65
CONSTRUCTION & TESTING OF PACKAGES
General Provisions
Manufactures and subsequent distributors of packagings shall provide
information regarding package use instructions (e.g. for use with liquids or
solids) and a description of the types.
Packagings must be made to quality standards determined by competent
authorities of origin.
Unless provided elsewhere in the Code, all packages must be approved by the
competent authority or bear UN specification marks which indicate that the
design of the package has been successfully tested and manufactured in
accordance with the regulations.
DG by Sea 2016: V4 66
Construction & Testing of Packages
UN Specification codes for designated package types (eg. 4G) are listed in the Notes
IMDG Code in Section 6.1.2.7. See below for code interpretation.
Packaging codes
Number on code represents type of package:
1 DRUM
2 (reserved)
3 JERRICAN
4 BOX
5 BAG
6 COMPOSITE PACKAGE
For packages with a gross mass of more than 30 kg, the marks (or a duplicate
thereof) should appear on the top or on a side of the packaging. Letters, nu-
merals and symbols should be at least 12 mm high, except for:
(a) packagings of 30 L or 30 kg capacity or less – 6mm;
(b) packagings of 5 L or 5 kg or less, appropriate for size of package.
Vol. 1, Chapter 6.1.3.1
DG by Sea 2016: V4 67
Construction & Testing of Packages
u u
n n
g h i g h i
(see explanation of what the codes represent below)
(a) UN Packaging Symbol: certifies that a package complies with design and
test requirements of the United Nations. The capital letters "UN" may be
substituted only for embossed metal packaging.
4 = Box G = Fibreboard
(c) Packing Group Code: a letter representing the packing groups for which
the design type has been tested.
X for Packing Groups I, II and III
Y for Packing Groups II and III
Z for Packing Group III
(d) Gross Mass: in kilograms for packages designed and tested to contain
solids; or
Relative Density: rounded to the first decimal place for single packages
designed to carry liquids. This field will be omitted if the relative density
does not exceed 1.2.
(e) "S": indicating that the package is designed to contain solids or inner
packaging. or
Test Pressure: maximum internal test pressure rounded down to the
nearest 10kPa for single packages designed to carry liquids.
(f) Year of Manufacture: the last two digits of the year of manufacture.
Packaging types 1H1, 1H2, 3H1 and 3H2 must also be marked with the
month of manufacture though not necessarily in the same place.
(g) State where Test Done: the State authorising the use of the marks,
represented by the sign for motor vehicles in international traffic (eg. GB -
Great Britain).
(h) Name of Manufacturer: or code allocated by the appropriate national
authority.
DG by Sea 2016: V4 68
Construction & Testing of Packages
Notes
1A1 /Y 1.2/180/ 08
4G / X 80 / S / 08 AUS / ICI 2143
AUS / VB2143
Example # 2
Example # 1
These codes instruct you what the package is suitable for and it’s limitations.
i j k
(i) State of Reconditioning - the state in which the reconditioning was
carried out.
DG by Sea 2016: V4 69
Construction & Testing of Packages
E.g. 1H2T/Y150/S/01
USA/US112
Provisions for the construction and testing of packages are shown in Chapter
6.1.4 and 6.1.5 of the IMDG Code.
Test reports
Test report can, and should be, requested by any purchaser of UN specification
packages, IBC’s or Large packages to validate and indicate their design and
capacities.
DG by Sea 2016: V4 70
Construction & Testing of Packages
In general, all receptacles and their closures must be designed and manufac-
tured to withstand all conditions associated with normal conditions of transport
and must be inspected and tested in accordance with the competent authority of
origin.
Test pressures for cylinders, tubes pressure drums and bundles of cylinders
must be as required by Packing Instruction P200 of the Code. Test pressure for
a chemical under pressure shall be as per Packing Instruction P206, closed
Cryogenic receptacles shall be in accordance with Packing Instruction P203 and
test pressures for metal hydride storage systems with packing Instruction P205.
Chapter 6.2.1.1.1 & 6.2.1.1.5
Pressure receptacles under these specifications are to ISO standards and must
be approved by the competent authority. All cylinders are required to be in-
spected and tested before use and/or distribution.
DG by Sea 2016: V4 71
Construction & Testing of Packages
Non-
Non-UN pressure receptacles
Pressure receptacles not designed, constructed and inspected under the UN
specifications must be approved in accordance with a technical code recognised
by the competent authority and the general requirements of Chapter 6.2.1 of the
Code. Salvage pressure receptacles must meet the provisions of Chapter 6.2.3.5.
Chapter 6.2.3
DG by Sea 2016: V4 72
Construction & Testing of Packages
Notes:
A. Serial number and identifying symbol may be that of purchaser user or manufacturer.
B. “Spun” or “Plug” must be stamped near DOT mark when an end closure in the finished
cylinder has been welded by the spinning process or effected by plugging. Markings “5”
and “6” are usually shown diametrically opposite other markings on the cylinder neck.
DG by Sea 2016: V4 73
Construction & Testing of Packages
Notes
Construction, Testing and Approval of Packages
7–Radioactive Material -
and Material of Class 7–
Chapter 6.4
Applicability and general provisions
Design and construction specifications for Class 7—Radioactive Material are
displayed in Chapter 6.4.2 of the Code. Some of the provisions in this Chapter
relate to Air transport and not Sea but have been reproduced for information/
identification purposes.
Excepted Packages
General provisions must be met. These packages are primarily
designed to contain articles or substances but not requiring to
provide protection from radiation as their radiation levels are
extremely low.
Chapter 6.4.4
Industrial Packages
There are three packaging types, IP-1, IP-2 and IP-3
Predominantly these packages are metal drums or heavy wooden boxes.
Provisions and alternative provisions for Industrial Packaging is supplied in
Chapter 6.4.5 of the Code.
IP-1 packages are required to meet the general provisions of 6.4.2 and 6.4.7.2 of
the Code.
IP-2 meet the same requirements of IP-1 packages with the additional require-
ment of drop and stacking tests.
IP-3 meets the same requirements as IP-1 and IP-2 packages with additional
requirements of meeting the Type A package design and tests.
Additional test provisions for IP-2 and IP-3 packages are provided in 6.4.15 of
the Code.
DG by Sea 2016: V4 74
Construction & Testing of Packages
Type B Packages
There are two Type B package standards
Type B(U) - Unilateral approval
Type B(M) - Multilateral approval
Type B is designed for high activity levels of radiation and therefore the
packages provide both containment and protection against the radiation.
Note: The shielding in these packages will not necessarily stop
radiation exposure but will reduce its levels.
Type B packages are required to meet the design and testing provisions
of 6.4.8 and 6.4.9 and the general packing requirements of 6.4.2
This package type requires competent authority design approval.
( Accident Conditions)
The type of testing these packages undertake is shown below.
DG by Sea 2016: V4 75
Construction & Testing of Packages
Type C packages are required to meet the design and testing provisions of the
general packing requirements of 6.4.2, the requirements of 6.4.10, 6.4.7.2-
6.4.7.15, 6.4.8.2-6.4.8.6, 6.4.8.10-6.4.8.15, and 6.4.10.2-6.4.10.4.
DG by Sea 2016: V4 76
Construction & Testing of Packages
Chapter 6.5
General
IBC’s and their equipment not strictly conforming to the IMDG Code’s provi-
sions may still be used after consideration and approval by the Competent Au-
thority concerned.
DG by Sea 2016: V4 77
IBC types and codes - Chapter 6.5.1.4.3
* The code shall be completed by replacing the letter ‘Z’ by a capital letter in accordance with 6.5.1.4.1.2 to
indicate the nature of the material used for outer packaging.
The letter ‘W’ may follow the code signifying that they have not been constructed as per 6.5.3 but have been
approved as a suitable equivalent by a competent authority.
Chapter 6.5.1.4.4
DG by Sea 2016: V4 78
Construction & Testing of Packages
e f g h
a) UN packaging symbol
b) Package type code (see previous page)
c) Packing group approval code
X - Packing group I, II, III
Y - packing group II, III
Z - Packing group III only
d) Month and year of manufacture (last two digits)
e) State authorising the marking
f) The name or symbol of the manufacturer
g) The stacking test load in kgs (if not designed for stacking an ‘0’ is shown)
h) The maximum permissible gross mass in kgs.
Chapter 6.5.2
Some IBCs may display additional marks as outlined in 6.5.2.2 of the IMDG Code.
One such additional mark that was mandatory as at the 01 January 2011 for all manu-
factured, repaired or remanufactured IBCs is the maximum permitted stacking load
symbol as below. This mark is in addition to the specification marks.
These symbols shall be a minimum of 100mm x 100mm, durable and clearly visible.
Letters and numbers must be a minimum of 12mm high.
DG by Sea 2016: V4 79
Construction & Testing of Packages
Example 1 Example 2
500 kg
Note: The stacking test load in UN specification markings is 1.8 times the
combined actual gross weight that may be stacked on top of the IBC during
transport. Chapter 6.5.6.6.4
For composite IBCs that can be dismantled for transport empty (such as for
return to a shipper for reuse) all components marked with the information
above. Chapter 6.5.2.2.4-6.5.2.2.5
DG by Sea 2016: V4 80
Construction & Testing of Packages
The manufactured IBCs are subject to design type tests before distribution and
use, and are subject to periodic inspections and tests to determine their suitabil-
ity of use.
A test report and certification must be issued for every design type attesting it
has met the required provisions.
Repaired IBCs are also subject to testing and inspection prior to use. They
must be marked with test and inspection marks near the manufacturers details.
Chapter 6.5.4.5
The type of testing performed on IBCs is shown below. Specific details are
outlined in the IMDG Code.
DG by Sea 2016: V4 81
Construction & Testing of Packages
Notes
Large Packages - Chapter 6.6
General
This chapter does not apply to:
• Class 2, except articles, including aerosols;
• Class 6.2, except clinical waste UN 3291; and
• Class 7 Radioactive Material.
The letters ’T’ or ‘W’ may follow the code signifying that they have not been
constructed as per 6.6.4 but have been approved as a suitable equivalent by a
competent authority. Vol. 1, Chapter 6.6.2.1 –6.6.2.2
e f g h
a) UN packaging symbol
b) Package type code (see above)
c) Packing group approval code
X - Packing group I, II, III
Y - packing group II, III
Z - Packing group III only
d) Month and year of manufacture (last two digits)
e) State authorising the mark
f) The name or symbol of the manufacturer
g) The stacking test load in kgs (if not designed for stacking an ‘0’ is
shown)
h) The maximum permissible gross mass in kgs.
Vol. 1, Chapter 6.6.3.1
DG by Sea 2016: V4 82
Construction & Testing of Packages
The maximum stacking load symbol as displayed on IBCs is also required on Notes
large packages as at the 01 January 2015.
Vol. 1, Chapter 6.6.3.3
Specific provisions for large packages
Specific manufacturing provisions for:
• Metal (50A –Steel, 50B - Aluminium, 50N - Other metal);
• Flexible material (51H - Plastic, 51M - Paper);
• Plastic (50H - Rigid);
• Fibreboard (50G - Rigid); and
• Wooden (50C - Natural, 50D - Plywood, 50F - reconstituted)
are provided in this section.
Vol. 1, Chapter 6.6.4
Test provisions for large packages:
Inspection and approval
Large Packages are required to be made to International quality standards.
The manufactured Large Packages are subject to design type tests before
distribution and use, and are subject to periodic inspections and tests
determined by the competent authority to determine their
suitability of use.
A test report and certification must be issued for every design type attesting it
has met the required provisions.
Vol. 1, Chapter 6.6.5
Test provision
The type of testing performed on Large Packages is shown below. Specific
details are outlines in the IMDG Code.
Test reports for packages, IBC’s and large packages test report
Test report can, and should be, requested by any purchaser of UN specification
packages, IBC’s or Large packages to validate and indicate their design and
capacities.
DG by Sea 2016: V4 83
Construction & Testing of Packages
DG by Sea 2016: V4 84
Construction & Testing of Packages
Design standards are provided in this Chapter for long and short international
voyages. They outline design, construction, testing, inspection and marking of
the tanks and vehicle.
Generally tanks are to meet the standards of 6.7 or 6.8 of the Code.
DG by Sea 2016: V4 85
CONSIGNMENT PROCEDURES
General Provisions Notes
Chapter 5.1
This part of the regulations sets forth provisions for consignments of dangerous
goods. No person may offer dangerous goods for transport unless those goods are
properly marked, labelled, placarded, described and certified on a transport
document (by manual, electronic data processing (EDP) or electronic data
interchange (EDI) techniques).
Vol. 1, Chapter 5.1.1
Overpacks and unit loads
All individual packages inside the overpack or unit load must
be packed, marked and labelled in accordance with the IMDG
Code. Marks and labels which can not be clearly seen or read
must be reproduced on the outside of the overpack. In
addition an overpack must be marked with the word
“OVERPACK“ in lettering at least 12mm high.
Empty cargo transport units still containing residues of dangerous goods, or loaded
with empty uncleaned packages or bulk containers, shall comply with the
provisions applicable to the goods last contained in the unit, packagings or bulk
container.
Vol. 1, Chapter 5.1.3
Mixed packing
When two or more dangerous goods are packed within the same outer packaging,
the package shall be labelled and marked as required for each substance.
Subsidiary risk labels need not be applied if the hazard is already represented by a
primary risk label.
Vol. 1, Chapter 5.1.4
Excepted packages
Excepted packages of radioactive materials require the UN number; Shipper and/
or Consignee; and the permissible gross mass if over 50 kg on the exterior of the
package. Documentation requirements of Chapter 5.4 do not apply but the UN
number and the consignor and consignee name and address must be shown on the
transport document (e.g. bill of lading)
Vol. 1, Chapter 5.1.5.4
DG by Sea 2016: V4 86
Consignment procedures — Package marking & labelling
Copies of approval certificates must accompany shipments of special form and Notes
low dispersible radioactive materials, packages containing fissile material or
more than 0.1 kg of uranium hexafluoride, Type B(U), Type B(M) and Type C
packages.
The consigner must keep a copy of all certification and should make available
instructions on proper closing of packages or preparation for shipment.
Vol. 1, Chapter 5.1.5
Package marks:
1. Shall be readily visible and legible;
2. Shall be such that this information will still be identifiable on packages
surviving at least three month's immersion in the sea;
3. Shall be displayed on a background of contrasting colour on the external
surface of the package; and
4. Shall not be located with other package markings that could substantially
reduce their effectiveness.
For salvage packaging and salvage pressure receptacles, they shall additionally be
marked with the word “SALVAGE" in lettering at least 12mm high.
For Intermediate bulk containers of more than 450 L capacity and large
packaging shall be marked on two opposing sides.
For goods of division 1.4 compatibility group S, unless the 1.4S label is used, the
division and compatibility group needs to be marked on the outside of the
package or article. Vol. 1, Chapter 5.2.1
DG by Sea 2016: V4 87
Consignment procedures — Package marking & labelling
Orientation marks
Combination packaging with inner packaging containing
liquid dangerous goods;
single packaging fitted with vents; and
cryogenic receptacles intended for the transport of
refrigerated liquefied gases,
require package orientation arrows on two opposite vertical
sides of the package.
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Consignment procedures — Package marking & labelling
In the case of excepted packages, marking the Proper Shipping Name is not re-
quired.
The following package marks are required to be displayed:
TYPE IP-1
Package Design marking N/A TYPE IP-2 TYPE A TYPE B(U) TYPE B(M) TYPE C
TYPE IP-3
VRI Code of country of IP-2
N/A Yes N/A N/A N/A
origin (e.g. US) IP-3
Design ID mark of
N/A N/A N/A Yes Yes Yes
competent authority
Package ID of
manufacturer or N/A Yes Yes N/A N/A N/A
competent authority
Package design serial
N/A N/A N/A Yes Yes Yes
number
Trefoil Symbol N/A N/A N/A Yes Yes Yes
Permissible gross weight
Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
if over 50kg
Labels should be placed on the same surface of the package as the proper
shipping name and UN number, where size permits. They must not be covered,
obscured or detracted from by any other attachments, labelling or marking on the
package.
When primary and subsidiary risk labels are required they should be displayed
next to each other.
Intermediate bulk containers of more than 450 L shall be labelled on two op-
posite sides.
For Radioactive materials all labels must appear on two opposite sides of the
package. Vol. 1, Chapter 5.2.2.1
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Consignment procedures — Package marking & labelling
Special provisions for labelling are shown in Chapter 5.2.2.1 for: Notes
Self-reactive substances
Organic peroxides
Infectious substances; and
Radioactive materials
Label specifications
Labels should be at least 100 mm x 100 mm in the shape of a diamond. The
colour and design should be as the samples in the IMDG Code. Hazard Labels
must show the class number and the division number for Classes 1 and 5, and
additionally for explosives, the compatibility group.
Labels can only be smaller if the package size does not allow the above
dimensions. Because of the size and shape of Gas CYLINDERS the label size
may be reduced.
Vol. 1, Chapter 5.2.2.2
The IMDG Code does not require the hazard description to be shown on labels or
placards (except class 7), however the label may include the text if desired. This
does not apply to the Class 9 miscellaneous lithium battery hazard label (see page
88 of this workbook)
Vol. 1, Chapter 5.2.2.2.1.3
10
0 m
m m
m 0
10
25 Minimum label size
0 m
m m
m
2 50
UN specification marks
Minimum placard size
u 1A1 / Y / 120 / 10
n SG / Singapak 4327
Labelling
1. Primary and subsidiary (if applicable)
hazard labels
2. Handling labels
a) “This Way Up” on two opposite sides of the
package (for liquids in combination
packages only)
b) Marine Pollutant if required (identified by
the symbol “P” in column 4 of the DGL, the
index in Chapter 3, or the SDS)
(This substance is not a marine pollutant)
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Consignment procedures — Marking and placarding cargo transport units
Chapter 5.3
Placards for containers or transport units should be no less than 250mm x
250mm and should correspond to the label design and specification as displayed
in the IMDG Code, of the dangerous items within the container.
Hazard placards are not required on cargo transport units carrying any quantity
of:
• explosives of Division 1.4, compatibility group S,
• dangerous goods packed in limited quantities (see 3.4.5.5),
• excepted quantities of dangerous goods (see 3.5.1.1);
• or excepted packages of radioactive material (class 7); and
Placards on units carrying EXPLOSIVES with more than one division need only
show the items with the greatest risk.
Subsidiary risk placards must also be displayed on units unless that risk
has already been displayed by another substance indicated as a primary risk or
the provisions of Limited Quantities has been used.
Vol. 1, Chapter 5.3.1
Placarding
Placards should be attached as follows:
Type Location
1. a freight container, semi-trailer one on each side and one on
or portable tank each end of the unit
portable tanks with a capacity of no placards OR labels on two
more than 3000L opposite sides
2. a railway wagon at least on each side
3. a multiple-compartment tank containing along each side at the positions
more than one dangerous substance or of the relevant compartments.
their residues
where all compartments are of the same one placard along each side
Class of DG
4. any other cargo transport unit. at least on both sides and on
the back of the unit
Vol. 1, Chapter 5.3.1.1.4.1
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Consignment procedures — Marking and placarding cargo transport units
Notes
Marking
The Proper Shipping Name should be durably marked in letters no more than
65mm high on at least both sides of:
• tank transport units containing dangerous goods;
• bulk containers containing dangerous goods;
• any other cargo unit containing dangerous goods of a single commodity
which makes up a full load and for which no placard or marine pollutant
mark is required.
The UN number should be displayed in black digits not less than 65mm high
either against a white background in the lower half of the class placard or on an
orange rectangular panel not less than 120mm high and 300mm wide with a
10mm black border. The dimensions of the orange panel may be reduced to an
appropriate size for portable tanks of no more than 3000L.
Vol. 1, Chapter 5.3.2
eg.
or
UN1789
UN1789
8 8
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Consignment procedures — Marking and placarding cargo transport units
Under fumigation
A closed cargo transport unit loaded with
cargoes under fumigation should clearly display
the fumigation warning sign in a location where
Place the
it will be easily seen by all persons wishing to
Fumigation
enter the container.
The mark shall remain until the CTU is free from sticker
fumigant gas and the fumigated materials. here
DO NOT enter these containers until they have
been thoroughly ventilated.
Vol. 1, Chapter 5.5.2.3
Limited quantities
Cargo transport units containing only limited quantities
need not be placarded though should be marked on the
exterior of the container with the Limited Quantity mark
(250 mm x 250 mm).
Vol. 1, Chapter 5.3.2.4
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Consignment Procedures — Documentation
Documentation Notes
Chapter 5.4
The primary purpose of the documentation required for transporting dangerous
goods by sea is to convey fundamental information regarding the hazard of the
goods. The term “documentation” does not preclude information transmission
techniques such as electronic data processing (EDP), electronic data interchange
(EDI), facsimile and e-mail.
NB: This form, whilst called Multimodal, would not be acceptable for air
transport with an IATA (International Air Transport Association) member airline.
Strict adherence to the layout of the form is not required provided all the information
mentioned in the Multimodal Dangerous Goods Form is given. If a shipper uses an electronic
means to send the Multimodal Dangerous Goods Form, the shipper must identify himself or herself.
Forms required to be sent to the Master of the Ship must be sent as soon as practical after
the arrival of the ship, but before the goods are presented for shipment keeping in mind
that the master must notify the AMSA Surveyor not less than 24 hours before the goods
are loaded.
MO41, Section 9
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Consignment Procedures — Documentation
The declaration can consist of more than one page as long as they are consecutively
numbered.
All information on the declaration must be legible, easy to identify and durable.
Vol. 1, Chapter 5.4.1.2-5.4.1.3
DG by Sea 2016: V4 95
Consignment Procedures — Documentation
• The total quantity of dangerous goods covered by the description, plus the
number and type of outer packages.
NB: For Class 1 – Explosives show the net explosive mass.
• If “STABILIZED” is part of the proper shipping name, and the goods are
temperature controlled, then the control temperature and emergency
temperature must be shown as per 5.4.1.5.4;
• For 4.1 Self-reactive substances, polymerizing substances and 5.2 Organic
peroxides requiring temperature control, the control temperature and
emergency temperature must be shown as per 5.4.1.5.5;
• For Infectious substances the full address of consignee to be shown along
with the name, address and telephone number of a responsible person;
• If Aerosols exceed 1000ml the capacity must be declared;
• For:
- Viscous substances transported in accordance with 2.3.2.5;
- Substances loaded together in the same CTU as per 7.2.6.3; and
- Acids and Alkali substances are loaded together in the same CTU as per
7.2.6.4,
the following statement must be included in the transport document
“Transport in accordance with [chapter number] of the IMDG Code”;
• For bulk containers other than freight containers, which require competent
authority approval, the transport document needs to include a statement as per
5.4.1.5.12;
• For transport of IBCs or portable tanks after the date of expiry of the last
periodic test or inspection a statement of compliance is required;
• Firework classification reference issued by the competent authority;
• For CTU’s with coolants or conditioners the words “AS COOLANT” or “AS
CONDITIONER” must follow the proper shipping name;
• For transport in accordance with 2.0.0.2 (reclassification of an existing proper
shipping name with competent authority approval), the words “classified in
accordance with 2.0.0.2” as per 5.4.1.5.16;
• For transport of UN 3528 (flammable liquid powered engine), UN 3529
(flammable gas powered engine) and UN 3530 (class 9 engine), the words
“Transport in accordance with special provision 363” as per 5.4.1.5.17.
Vol. 1, Chapter 5.4.1.5 & 5.5.3.7.1
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Consignment procedures — Documentation
14 Shipping marks * Number and kind of packages; description of goods Gross mass (kg) Net mass (kg) Cube (m³)
15 Container identification No./ 16 Seal number(s) 17 Container/vehicle size & type 18 Tare mass (kg) 19 Total gross (including tare) (kg)
vehicle registration No.
I hereby declare that the goods described above have been Received the above number of packages/containers/trailers in apparent goods order and condition,
packed/loaded into the container/vehicle identified above in ac- unless stated hereon: RECEIVING ORGANIZATION REMARKS:
cordance with the applicable provisions.
MUST BE COMPLETED AND SIGNED FOR ALL CONTAINER/
VEHICLE LOADS BY PERSON RESPONSIBLE FOR PACKING/
LOADING.
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Consignment procedures — Documentation
• When a competent authority of the country of origin assigns class, division and
compatibility group using the proper shipping names “SUBSTANCES,
EXPLOSIVE, NOS”, “ARTICLES, EXPLOSIVE, NOS”, or
“COMPONENTS, EXPLOSIVE TRAIN, NOS”, the declaration should state;
“Transport under this entry approved by the competent authority of...” followed
by the State’s code, (eg. Australia - AUS, Great Britain - GB etc.).
• For explosives requiring special authorisation from the competent authority to
be shipped (eg. under the recommended amount of dilutant or phlegmatiser) the
statement “Transport under this entry approved by the competent authority
of...” and the State’s code must appear on the documentation.
• For explosives packaging requiring approval from the competent authority the
statement “Packaging approved by the competent authority of...” and the State
code must appear on documentation.
• If there are any hazards not indicated by the hazard/division or compatibility
group then an indication of the additional hazard should be shown on
documentation.
Vol. 1, Chapter 5.4.1.5.9
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Consignment procedures — Documentation
Notes
Radioactive Dangerous Goods Form
Completed example for Radioactive Materials. Vol. 1, Chapter 5.4.5
14 Shipping marks * Number and kind of packages; description of goods Gross mass (kg) Net mass (kg) Cube (m³)
UN 3332 40 kg
Radioactive Material, Type A Package, Special Form
Class 7
Cs--137, AM-241, Be 655 GBq
Category III-Yellow
TI = 7.4
Special Form Certificate— AUS/008/2015
1 x Type A Package
15 Container identification No./ 16 Seal number(s) 17 Container/vehicle size & type 18 Tare mass (kg) 19 Total gross (including tare) (kg)
vehicle registration No.
I hereby declare that the goods described above have been Received the above number of packages/containers/trailers in apparent goods order and condition,
packed/loaded into the container/vehicle identified above in ac- unless stated hereon: RECEIVING ORGANIZATION REMARKS:
cordance with the applicable provisions.
MUST BE COMPLETED AND SIGNED FOR ALL CONTAINER/
VEHICLE LOADS BY PERSON RESPONSIBLE FOR PACKING/
LOADING.
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Consignment procedures — Documentation
Notes
Certification/signature
The DG transport document shall include the following declaration:
“I hereby declare that the contents of this consignment are fully and
accurately described above/below by the Proper Shipping Name, and
are classified, packaged, marked and labelled/placarded, and are in
all respects in proper condition for transport according to applicable
international and national governmental regulations”.
The declaration must be signed and dated.
When using the multi-modal dangerous goods form this statement has been
included.
Where EDP or EDI transmission techniques are used electronic signatures may
be used or the signatures may be replaced by the name(s) in capital letters, of the
person authorized to sign.
Vol. 1, Chapter 5.4.1.6
Special Provisions
Chapter 5.5
Special provisions applicable to fumigated transport units
Fumigated units with no other DG’s loaded within are subject to this section.
Fumigated units containing DG’s are subject to the relevant chapters associated
with the DG’s in addition to this section.
Chapter 5.5 provides information on:
• Training;
• Marking and Placarding of fumigated units;
• Documentation requirements; and
• Additional provisions.
Notes
Container/ vehicle packing certificate
Chapter 5.4.2
When packages containing dangerous goods are packed into any container (ie.
freight container) or vehicle intended for carriage by sea, those responsible for
packing the container/vehicle shall provide a “container/vehicle packing
certificate”. The certification must specify container or vehicle identification
number and certify that the operation has been carried out in accordance with the
following provisions:
For convenience the above has been combined with the DG information onto the
multi-modal form. However if an alternative DG Transport Document is used, it
is acceptable for it to include a statement to the effect of:
“It is declared that the packing of the goods into the container/
vehicle has been carried out in accordance with the applicable
provisions of the IMDG Code.”
This declaration shall be signed and dated and the declarant identified. Where
EDP or EDI transmission techniques are used electronic signatures may be used
or signatures may be replaced by the name(s) in capital letters, of the person
authorized to sign. Vol. 1, Chapter 5.4.2
5
2017
Notes
Documentation required aboard ship
Each ship carrying dangerous goods or marine pollutants must have a special list,
manifest or stowage plan.
Emergency information
For consignments of dangerous goods information to be used in emergency re-
sponse to an accident or incident must be available at all times.
The information shall be available away from packages containing the dangerous
goods and immediately accessible in the event of an incident.
Other Documentation
MO41, section 9.1.5 - 9.1.7
Special lists - manifests or stowage plans
The MASTER OF THE SHIP or their REPRESENTATIVE is responsible
for providing a special list or manifest to the AMSA Surveyor as early as possible
but at least prior to loading.
Note: An acceptable format for a special list is the IMO Dangerous Goods Mani-
fest, identified in IMO circular FAL.2/Circ.51/Rev1 and in the Supplement to the
IMDG Code. Other forms that provide similar information are also acceptable.
MO41, Section 9.1.5, Note 2
If all of the information required on the forms is not available prior to 24 hours
before the goods are loaded the master must provide the surveyor-in-charge with
at least following information not less than 24 hours prior to the goods being
loaded:
Vessel name
IMO number
port of loading
date of loading and departure
classes of goods being loaded.
MO41, Section 9.1.6
The master must also notify the AMSA Surveyor, in writing, of any subsequent
changes prior to the goods being loaded.
MO41, Section 9.1.7
Stowage Cargo ships (up to 12 passengers) On deck in closed cargo transport unit or under deck
category 03 Passenger ships Prohibited except in accordance with 7.1.4.4.5
Cargo ships (up to 12 passengers) On deck in closed cargo transport unit or under deck
Stowage in closed CTU
category 04
Passenger ships Prohibited except in accordance with 7.1.4.4.5
Stowage Cargo ships (up to 12 passengers) On deck only in closed cargo transport unit
category 05 Passenger ships Prohibited except in accordance with 7.1.4.4.5
The stowage categories on the previous page are applicable to all types of ships. Notes
Specific provisions applicable to Container ships, Ro-Ro ships and Barge
carrying ships are in Chapter 7.4 to 7.7
Class 1, except 1.4S, shall be stowed not less than a horizontal distance of 12 m
from living quarters, life-saving appliances and areas of public access.
Class 1, except 1.4S, shall not be positioned closer to the ship’s side than a
distance equal to 1/8th the beam or 2.4 m, whichever is the lesser.
Any package or overpack with a transport index greater than 10, or a criticality
safety index greater than 50, shall be transported only under exclusive use.
See Table below for segregation aboard ship from passengers and crew.
TABLE 7.1.4.5.18
CLASS 7 – Radioactive material
Simplified segregation table for persons
E.g.
Stowage Description
Code
SW1 Protected from sources of heat.
SW2 Clear of living quarters
SW3 Shall be transported under temperature control
Handling codes
Handling codes given in column 16a are listed in Volume 1, Chapter 7.1.6 of
the IMDG Code.
E.g.
Handling Description
Code
H1 Keep as dry as reasonably practicable.
H2 Keep as cool as reasonably practicable.
H3 During transport, it should be stowed (or kept) in a cool ventilated place.
H4 If cleaning of cargo spaces has to be carried out at sea, the safety pro-
cedures followed and standard of equipment used shall be at least as
effective as those employed as industry best practice in a port. Until
such cleaning is undertaken, the cargo spaces in which the asbestos
has been carried shall be closed and access to those spaces shall be
prohibited.
General
Segregation requirements
of Chapter 7.2 apply
NO YES
NO YES
Take into account the specific and general
segregation provisions and apply the most
stringent requirement.
(Check the MSDS for incompatibilities)
Use the Segregation tables as applicable in accordance with the general provisions.
Notes
Segregation - Chapter 7.2
General provisions
This section provides general provisions for the segregation of goods that are
mutually incompatible.
Column 16b will always take precedence over the segregation table.
Both primary and subsidiary risks are used to determine segregation require-
ments. Where segregation for subsidiary risk is more stringent than for the pri-
mary risk the most stringent segregation requirement will apply.
Vol. 1, Chapter 7.2.3
For the purpose of segregation, dangerous goods having certain similar chemical
properties have been grouped together in segregation groups as listed below:
1 Acids 10 Liquid halogenated hydrocarbons
2 Ammonium compounds 11 Mercury and mercury compounds
3 Bromates 12 Nitrites and their mixtures
4 Chlorates 13 Perchlorates
5 Chlorites 14 Permanganates
6 Cyanides 15 Powdered metals
7 Heavy metals and their salts 16 Peroxides
8 Hypochlorites 17 Azides
9 Lead and compounds 18 Alkalis
Where in the Dangerous Goods List entry in column 16b a particular segregation
requirement refers to a group of substances, such as "acids", the particular
segregation requirement applies to all the goods allocated to the respective
segregation group listed in 3.1.4.4.
Where segregation from combustible material is required this does not include
dunnage, or similar, or securing material.
Vol. 1, Chapter 7.2.5
Since the properties of substances, materials or articles within each class may
vary greatly, the Dangerous Goods List shall always be consulted for particular
provisions for segregation as, in the case of conflicting provisions, these take
precedence over the general provisions.
Segregation shall also take into account any subsidiary risks.
For mixed loads the most stringent division applies the following order of
precedence of hazard must be observed for the entire load and stowage arranged
accordingly:
A X
B X X
6 6 4
C X X X X¹ X X
6 6 4
D X X X X¹ X X
6 6 4
E X X X X¹ X X
F X X
G X¹ X¹ X¹ X X
H X X
J X X
K X X
L X²
4 4 4
N X X X X³ X5
S X X X X X X X X X X5 X
Notes
Australian Marine Orders 41, Schedule 1, section 7.2
EXPLOSIVES
7.2.1 Where Class 1 Explosives (except 1.4S goods) are required by 7.4.6.4.2 to
be examined this must be done by an AMSA surveyor before loading;
7.2.2 An AMSA Surveyor may determine that inspection of a transport unit with
solely class 1.4S explosives within may be exempt.
7.2.3 Explosives may not be carried in a tanker without the Manager, Ship
Inspections approval.
Segregation codes
Segregation codes given in column 16b are listed in Volume 1, Chapter 7.2.8 of
the IMDG Code.
E.g.
Segregation Description
Code
SG1 For packages carrying a subsidiary risk of class 1, segregation as for
Class 1, division 1.3.
SG2 Segregation as for class 1.2G.
SG21 Stow “away from” alkalis
SG60 Stow “separated from” peroxides
The International Convention for Safe Containers does not apply to offshore con-
tainers that are handled in open seas. Any container that will be handled in open
sea must be clearly marked with the words “OFFSHORE CONTAINER”. This
confirms that the container has been designed and tested to take into considera-
tion the dynamic lifting and impact forces which may occur when the container
is handled in open seas in adverse weather.
Packing of CTUs
Conditions encountered at sea
Sea voyages may encounter all forms of weather which may
result in pitching, rolling, heaving, surging, yawing, swaying,
frost, sweating of cargo, excessive heat, or torrential rain, in
which case dangerous goods must be packaged sufficiently to
protect them from damage and breakage, especially when in
transport units or vehicles.
IMO CTU Packing & Securing Code, Chapter 5
Segregation in CTUs
Dangerous goods requiring to be segregated from each other in Chapter 7.2 shall
not be transported in the same CTU, except for those with an “Away From’ re-
quirement which can be transported together with competent authority approval.
Vol. 1, Chapter 7.3.4
After a cargo transport unit carrying dangerous goods has been unpacked or
unloaded, precautions shall be taken to ensure that there is no contamination
likely to make the cargo transport unit dangerous.
Portable tanks Less than 50°C 10°C below SADT 5°C below SADT
- Chapter 7.4
Introduction
This section of the IMDG Code relates to the stowage and segregation of con-
tainers that meet the definition of a container under the International Convention
of Safe Containers (CSC) Code, on ships that are fitted to give permanent stow-
age of containers during transport.
For ships carrying in conventional cargo spaces not fitted for permanent stowage
Chapter 7.6 applies.
Stowage
Hatchless Containerships
Dangerous Goods shall only be transported in or vertically above a hatchless
container hold if the dangerous goods are permitted for under deck stowage and
the hold is in full compliance with SOLAS 74.
Segregation requirements
Container space means a distance of not less than 6 meters fore and aft or not
less than 2.4 meters athwartships.
Notes
Chapter 7.5
Introduction
This section of the IMDG Code relates to the stowage and segregation of CTUs
which are transported in ro-ro spaces. If permanent stowage positions are fitted
Chapter 7.4 applies for CTUs carried in these spaces.
For Ro-Ro ships with conventional cargo spaces Chapter 7.6 applies.
Vol. 1, Chapter 7.5.1
Stowage
Instructions are provided for the stowage and securing of cargo transport units on
vehicle decks. All loading must be under the supervision of the master or a re-
sponsible person appointed by the master.
Segregation requirements
Stowage
The stacking weights for IBCs and Large Packaging must not be exceeded.
Drums must always be stowed upright, unless otherwise authorised by the com-
petent authority.
Portable tanks shall not be overstowed by other cargo transport units unless they
are designed for that purpose to the satisfaction of the competent authority.
Cargo spaces and decks shall be clean and dry as relevant to hazards exhibited
by the dangerous goods. In order to reduce risk of ignition, cargo spaces must be
free of dust.
Packages and CTUs must be braced and secured to prevent damage to them or
any fittings.
Vol. 1, Chapter 7.6.2
All switches, fuses, lamp fittings or other electrical appliances within the compartment
must be electrically isolated.
Ventilation of gases and vapours should be such that they are safely dispersed so as
not to endanger the ship or persons onboard. Compartments must also be thoroughly
ventilated after the goods have been unloaded to safeguard against the chance of
ignition, explosion or fire.
The bilge suction pipes from a hold where flammable gases and liquids are stowed
must be sealed in the engine-room. The appropriate valves in the distribution box must
be closed and the wheels or handles locked or removed. Warning notices should be
prominently displayed at appropriate conspicuous locations.
MO41, Schedule 1, Section 8
SEED CAKE (UN 1386) which may include ventilation requirements and/or
periodic monitoring of the temperature of shipments.
Vol. 1, Chapter 7.6.2.7.3
After cargo has been unloaded check cargo spaces for contamination. A
contaminated cargo space must be thoroughly cleaned and examined before being
used again, especially for foodstuffs.
Vol. 1, Chapter 7.6.2.8
Note:
1. “If in closed CTU” means either the DG or the foodstuffs is in a closed CTU
but not together.
2. If dangerous goods and foodstuffs are in different closed CTUs then no
segregation is required.
Vol. 1, Chapter 7.6.3.1
“Away from”
Effectively segregated so that the incompatible goods cannot interact dangerously
in the event of an accident but may be transported in the same compartment or
hold or on deck provided a minimum horizontal separation of 3 metre, project-
ed vertically, is between them.
Note: If segregation is
between a closed CTU and a
package or two closed CTUs
no segregation is required.
Notes:
Open Transport Units containing dangerous goods must be stowed and
segregated from other dangerous goods stowed in holds or compartments as
detailed above.
Vol. 1, Chapter 7.6.3.2, 7.6.3.3 & 7.6.3.4
Notes
Shipborne Barges on Barge-
Barge-carrying Ships -
Chapter 7.7
Introduction
This chapter is applicable to packaged dangerous goods or solid bulk materials
possessing chemical hazards while aboard barge-carrying ships.
Barge loading
Packages shall be examined and any found to be damaged, leaking or sifting must
not be loaded. Care must be taken to ensure that excessive water, snow, ice or
foreign matter adhering to packages is removed before loading.
Packages and CTUs must be braced and secured to prevent damage to them or
any fittings. Fittings on packages or portable tanks must be adequately protected.
Barges into which dangerous goods are to be loaded must be visually inspected to
ensure the barge is watertight. Where there is hull or hatch damage which
compromises watertight integrity dangerous goods should not be loaded.
Dangerous goods displaying BK2 in column 13 of the Dangerous Goods List may
be transported in bulk in shipborne barges. They must be evenly trimmed,
secured and distributed.
The general stowage requirements of Chapter 7.1 and Column 16a of the Danger-
ous Goods List applies to all packages or solid bulk materials in shipborne
barges.
Where multiple dangerous goods requiring different stowage locations are in the
same barge, on deck stowage only is required.
Where protection from heat is required the provision shall apply to the entire
barge.
Requirements for fire protection systems are also provided in Chapter 7.7.4.
The most stringent segregation requirement must apply between two or more
substances.
Notes
Special Requirements in the Event of an
Incident and Fire Precautions Involving
Dangerous Goods - Chapter 7.8
EmS (Emergency Schedule)
In the event of a dangerous goods incident onboard a vessel detailed recommen-
dations are contained in the Emergency Procedures for Ships Carrying Danger-
ous Goods (EmS). The EmS number for a substance is listed in the Dangerous
Goods List in column 15. The EmS numbers refer to alphabetically listed tables
in the IMDG Supplement.
Example: The EmS number for FLUOROSILICIC ACID, UN 1778 are S-B
and F-A . Emergency schedules S-B and F-A appear below.
S-B
CORROSIVE SUBSTANCES
General comments Wear suitable protective clothing and self-contained breathing apparatus.
Avoid contact, even when wearing protective clothing.
Keep clear of effluent. Keep clear of evolving vapours.
Even short-time inhalation of small quantities of vapour can cause breathing difficulties.
Use of water on the substance may cause a violent reaction and produce toxic vapours.
Substance may damage ship’s construction materials.
Contaminated clothing should be washed off with water and then removed.
Packages Wash overboard with copious quantities of water. Do not direct water jet straight onto the
(small spillage. Keep clear of effluent. Clean the area thoroughly.
Spillage on spillage)
deck
Cargo Keep bridge and living quarters up wind. Protect crew and living quarters against corrosive
Transport or toxic vapours by using water spray to drive vapours away.
Units (large Wash overboard with copious quantities of water. Do not direct water jet straight onto the
spillage spillage. Keep clear of effluent. Clean the area thoroughly.
Packages Provide adequate ventilation. Do not enter space without self-contained breathing apparatus.
(small Check atmosphere before entering (toxicity and explosion hazard). If atmosphere cannot be
spillage) checked, do not enter. Let vapour evaporate. Keep clear.
Liquids: Provide good ventilation of the space. Wash down to the bottom of the hold. Use
Spillage copious quantities of water. Pump overboard.
under deck Solids: Collect spillage. Dispose overboard. Wash residues down to the bottom of the hold.
Use copious quantities of water. Pump overboard.
Cargo Keep bridge and living quarters upwind. Protect crew and living quarters against corrosive or
Transport toxic vapours by using water spray to drive vapours away.
Units (large Do not enter space. Keep clear. Radio for expert ADVICE. After hazard evaluation by ex-
spillage perts, you may proceed.
Provide adequate ventilation. Do not enter space without self-contained breathing apparatus.
Check atmosphere before entering (toxicity and explosion hazard). If atmosphere cannot be
checked, do not enter. Let vapour evaporate, keep clear. Where a ventilation system is
used, particular attention should be taken in order to prevent toxic vapours or fumes entering
occupied areas of the ship, e.g., living quarters, machinery spaces, working areas.
Liquids: Provide good ventilation of the spaces. Wash down to the bottom of the hold. Use
copious quantities of water. Pump overboard.
Solids: Collect spillage. Dispose overboard. Wash residues down to the bottom of the hold.
Use copious quantities of water. Pump overboard.
Special cases:
Notes
F-A
GENERAL FIRE SCHEDULE
General comments In a fire, exposed cargoes may explode or their containment may rupture.
Fight fire from a protected position from as far away as possible
Packages Create water spray from as many hoses as possible
Cargo on fire
on deck
Cargo
Transport
Units
A risk assessment should be completed before entering any space where a leak or
spill is suspected and attended by correctly equipped trained emergency crew.
A careful inspection for damage should be carried out after dealing with the
incident.
Vol. 1, Chapter 7.8.2
Notes
General fire precautions
To prevent fires onboard ships use the following precautions:
♦ Keep combustible material away from ignition sources;
♦ Protect flammable substances with adequate packaging;
♦ Reject damaged or leaking packages;
♦ Stow packages to protect them from accidental damage or heating;
♦ Segregate packages from substances liable to start or spread fire;
♦ Try to stow dangerous goods in areas where they are accessible and can be
protected in the event of fire;
♦ Enforce “NO SMOKING” notices and signs in danger areas and display
them clearly and prominently;
♦ Ensure lighting, power cables and fittings are maintained in good condition.
Unsafe cables or equipment should be disconnected.
Fire precautions for particular classes and/or substances are recommended in
Chapters 7.8.6 and 7.8.9 and also in the Dangerous Goods List.
Vol. 1, Chapter 7.8.5-7.8.8
The Australian Marine Orders, Part 41, 2009, prepared 05 June 2013,
Australian Government Bookshop, Western Australia or www.amsa.gov.au
Code of safe practice for Solid Bulk Cargoes 2009, International Maritime
Organization, London
Code of Practice for the Carriage of Cargoes and Persons by Offshore Support
Vessels, 2000 edition, International Maritime Organization, London
Dangerous, Hazardous and Harmful Cargoes, Handbook, 2009. Australian
Maritime Safety Authority. (www.amsa.gov.au)
Australian Code for the Transport of Explosives by Road and Rail (Australian
Explosives Code) 3rd Edition, Australian Government Bookshop, Western
Australia