Dovi, Suzanne, et al. “Women Need a Department of Self-Defense.

” ​Women's ENews,​ Red

Wheel/Weiser, LLC., 9 Jan. 2016,

<womensenews.org/2015/08/women-need-a-department-of-self-defense/.>

In this article, Dovi identities the issues of rapes and attacks on women on college

campuses. The author uses many statistics about the current rape culture and includes evidence

from a medical editor now what self defense truly is. Dovi expresses that not much is being done

about the rape culture in colleges and includes self defense tips to inform women. Part of my

capstone is that both men and women are at risk to be attacked the other difference is that men

are are more risk for a violent crime and women are more at risk for a sexual crime. The

information in her article includes more evidence to improve my awareness of the risk on both

men and women face when it comes to being attacked. Her tips also further my knowledge of the

ways to defend myself and can use my knowledge in my project to share with my audience.

Bedera, Nicole, and Kristjane Nordmeyer. "Never Go Out Alone": An Analysis of College

Rape Prevention Tips."​ Sexuality & Culture​, vol. 19, no. 3, 2015, pp. 533-542​.

ProQuest​, https://search.proquest.com/docview/1695135415?accountid=172748,

doi:​http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12119-015-9274-5​.

In this article, Bedera and Nordmeyer examine the role of women in the prevention and

risk reduction as colleges convey the message of here are no safe places for women, women

can’t trust anyone, women should never be alone, and women are vulnerable. They use the

Center of Disease Control as a source for statistics on the rates of sexual assault based on the last

five decades. During the analysis they use common tips told to women such as “Avoid being
alone” and “keep your telephone near you” to prevent assaults but tells women they are always

vulnerable. They focus on the idea that colleges feel burdened with sexual assault prevention and

the prevention falls on the responsibility of woman. This article will help my capstone by

understanding the tips that to some are consider “common sense” for women to prevent an

assault but also force them adjust their daily actions. The responsibility of remembering to walk

facing traffic, avoid being alone, and not drinking when around people you do not know creates a

lot of pressure. This makes women believe one mistake can make an assault happen and they feel

vulnerable. My hope for my project is to make women feel powerful and to be act to protect

themselves if they are unable to rely on someone else.

Pryor, D. W., PhD., & Hughes, M. R., PhD. (2013). Fear of rape among college women: A social

psychological analysis.​ Violence and Victims, 28​(3), 443-65.

doi:​http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0886-6708.VV-D-12-00029

In this article, the authors focus on the fear women have from being assaulted. They

conducted a survey of 1,905 female undergrads presenting the perception of vulnerability and

harm, unique invulnerability, gender risk, defensibility, anticipatory shame, and attribution of

injury. Their sources of the data are based on findings of multiple authors research and on the

data of the female undergraduates from three universities and one college. In the survey look at

fear and acquaintance of current versus anticipatory fear, fear on campus versus everywhere, and

fear anytime versus at night. College women fear grows of the anticipation and the thought of

being a victim as it becomes more and more common. Part of my capstone is to aim at young

women, seniors, heading off to college. I hope to eliminate some of the fears by making women
 believe in their abilities to protect themselves from harm. I do not want women to hold off on the

doing things because they may be alone and they fear being attacked.

Rosin, Hanna. “Men Are Raped Almost as Often as Women in America. We Need to Talk About

This. .” ​Slate Magazine​, Slate, 29 Apr. 2014, 9 Feb. 2019,

slate.com/human-interest/2014/04/male-rape-in-america-a-new-study-reveals-that-men-are-sexu

ally-assaulted-almost-as-often-as-women.html.

In this article, Rosin identifies that male are as much of victims as women. Rosin includes

the survey from the National Crime Victimization Survey that in 40,000 household being asked

about rape and sexual violence that 38 percent involved males. She also included evidence from

the Health and Human Rights Project at UCLA that men are even less likely than women to

report a sexual assault. In the article Rosin includes that males often do not come forward to

report the crime because of similar reason as women including shame and reputation. Often we

see men as the predator and women as the victims and forget that men are as likely to be a

victim as women. In my capstone seminars I want to encourage male students to learn more to

defend themselves from attackers that could be a man or women. With my previous knowledge

of males being at larger risk for violent crimes it makes a better to case to include them in my

audience for my capstone.

Newman, Amie. “Preventing Sexual Assault on College Campuses: What Works?” ​Our Bodies

Ourselves,​ 2 Oct. 2018, 10 Feb. 2019,

www.ourbodiesourselves.org/2017/09/preventing-sexual-assault-on-college-campuses/.
 In this article, Newman identifies the actions college campus are taking to prevent sexual

assaults. One source from LA Times that as women are encouraged to make friends in college it

can cause them to be unaware of advances. Another source from the New English Journal of

Medicine study showed that colleges that teach women how to ​“assess, acknowledge, and, if

necessary, rebuff unwanted sexual advances” in prevention programs reduce the likelihood of an

attack. The article presents as unbiased based on the different perspectives. Newman believes

that while actions are being taking and put into place to protect student there is a long way to go.

I would like to include the study from the New English Journal of Medicine in my capstone, by

teaching women to “assess, acknowledge, and, if necessary, rebuff unwanted sexual advances”

has made a difference and because some women feel rude or afraid or turning someone down it

may set the wrong impression.