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Griffith Dilemma

• Griffith observed that in stress based approach even if applying


a small load may cross the ultimate strength of the material and
which was contrary to his observation.
• Thus he thought of some other mechanism which sustain the
material in crack like environment.
• Griffith developed the theory based upon energy that gives the
flow stress (σf) which is the critical value of stress at which
crack starts propagating itself.
• Initially his theory was applicable on brittle material and thus he
didn’t considered plasticity.
Energy based approach to find stress concentration

 Advantage
 No need to account for large stress at the crack tip.
 Avoids analysis close to the crack tip

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