O’Levels Islamiyat Notes Hajj

Pilgrimage (Hajj)
Meaning:
 Hajj Fifth pillar if Islama
 Literally it means “to resolve”, “to intend” and in religious terms, Hajj means to
intend to visit the house of Allah on the prescribed timings performing some
particular rituals.
 Hajj is different from Salat, Zakat and Fasting in that others only involve monetary
worship or physical worship, while Hajj is a blend of both.
 Hajj is the greatest act of worship.
Those on whom Hajj is obligatory:
Those who are:
I. Adult.
II. Free.
III. Sane.
IV. Healthy.
V. Muslim.
VI. Can afford the journey and his family can be maintained in his absence.
VII. Can undertake a safe journey, with no danger to his life

Kinds of Hajj:
There is only one kind of hajj but modes of performing can be three:

Hajj-e- Ifrad: The person who performs Hajj-e-Ifrad is called

a Mufrid. Before passing through Miqaat (the place for
assuming Ihram) one will enter in the state of Ihram and with
the Niyat of performing Hajj alone. A Murid does not
combine Umrah with their Hajj. Hajj-e-Ifrad is the only kind of Hajj
allowed for the residents of Makkah and the Hills (those who
reside between Miqaat and the precincts of Haraam) for example
Jeddah.

Hajj-e-Qiran: Literally Qiran means to combine two things. A

pilgrim who performs this kind of Hajj combines Hajj and Umrah.
After performing Umrah a Qiran (person who is performing Hajj-e-
Qiran) will perform Hajj with that same Ihraam.

Hajj-e-Tamattu: Tamattu literally means to enjoy or take

advantage of a facility. A pilgrim who performs Hajj-e-
Tamattu combines both Umrah and Hajj. The difference between
Hajj-e-Qiran and Hajj-e-Tamattu is that after
performing Umrah the Mutamati (person who performs Hajj-e-
Tamattu) relinquishes his/her Ihraam and on the
8th of Zilhaj he/she resumes that Ihraam

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O’Levels Islamiyat Notes Hajj

Steps of Hajj Day-wise from 8th to 12th Zilhaj

1st day of Hajj (8th Zilhaj):

The pilgrims put on Ihram on the morning of 8th Zilhaj, if it is Hajj-e-Tamtattu, go to Mina directly waring Ihram and
reciting Talbiyah frequently by making niyat of Hajj , If it is not Hajj e Qiran then make niyat for Umrah and Hajj
together and perform Umrah first then go to Mina where they spend the night in prayers. The Zuhr, Asr, Maghreb and
Isha prayers of 8th Zilhaj and Fajr prayer of 9th Zilhaj are to be performed in Mina.

2nd Day of Hajj (9th Zilhaj )

After Fajr prayers in Mina. The pilgrims will proceed to Arafat ground(20 kilometers east of Mecca). Here they will offer
Zuhrain (Zuhar+Asar) at zuhr time and listen Khutba from Imam, Here you must have to reach at or before afternoon
and spent the day till sunset standing riding or sitting in the boundaries of Arafat, A pilgrim's Hajj is considered invalid if
they do not spend the afternoon on Arafat.
Pilgrims must leave Arafat for Muzdalifah after sunset without praying Maghreb (sunset) prayer at Arafat. Muzdalifah is
an area between Arafat and Mina. Upon reaching there, pilgrims perform Maghreb and Isha prayer jointly, spend the
night praying and sleeping on the ground with open sky, and gather 49 pebbles for the next day's ritual of the stoning
of the Devil (Shaitan).

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O’Levels Islamiyat Notes Hajj

3rd Day of Hajj (10th Zilhaj) 1st day of Eid

Near sunrise, a pilgrim goes from Muzdalifah to Mina. Upon reaching it he does the
following:
a. He throws seven consecutive pebbles at Jamrah Al-Aqaba or Kubra which is the
closest monument to Makkah, saying Greatest," as he "Allah is the throws each
pebble.
b. He slaughters the sacrificial animal, eats some of it, and gives some to the poor.
Slaughter is obligatory on the Mutamati and Qiran.
c. He shaves or clips his hair; shaving is preferable. A woman clips her hair the
length of a fingertip.
These three should be done in the above order
Now the pilgrims are free to remove their Ihram and wear their ordinary dresses and can
perform Tawaf al Ifada (an obligatory part of the Hajj). Two Rakat of Nawafil will be offered
near Maqam e Ibrahim. They will drink zamzam after performing Sayi i.e. 7 runs between
Safah & Marwah and will stay overnight in Mina.

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 O’Levels Islamiyat Notes Hajj

4th day of Hajj - 11th Zil Hajj 2nd Day of Eid

On second day of Eid, the pilgrims will proceed to Jamarat from Mina after Zuhr prayers.
They will stone all the three Jamarats (Jamarat e Sughra, Jamarat e Wusta and Jamarat e
Qubra) in sequence from small to large by throwing 7 pebbles each. After completion of this
ritual, pilgrims will go back to Mina for night stay.

5th day of Hajj - 12th Zilhaj 3rd Day of Eid

Last day of Eid will again start by proceeding towards Jamarats from Mina after Zuhr
Prayers. 4th day stoning of Jamarat will be completed from small to large. After stoning
Pilgrims will leave for Makkah before Sunset. Before leaving Makkah, the pilgrims will
perform Tawaf-e-Wida (Goodbye Tawaf). At this stage all the obligatory rituals of Hajj are
completed.

Faraiz of Hajj Wajibat of Hajj:

 Putting on Ihram, Intention(niyat), reciting  Stay at Muzdalifah
 Talbiyah  Sayi
 Wuquf-e-Arafat  Sacrifice
 Tawaf-e-Ziyarat.  Tawaf-e-Wida

Sunnats of Hajj
 Tawaf-e-Qudum
 Stay in Mina on night of 8th
 Leaving Mina after sunrise on 9th for Arafat
 Leaving Arafat after departure of Imam
 Staying in Muzdalifah on return from Arafat
 Taking a bath at Arafat Umrah
 Means minor pilgrimage or Hajj-e-Asghar.
 Sawab equal (according to Hadith) to Hajj if performed in month of Ramadan.
 Putting on Ihram is Farz for Umrah.
 It is undesirable to perform Umrah between 9th and 13th of Zilhaj.

Quran on Hajj:
“Pilgrimage thereto is a duty men owe to Allah –
those who can afford the journey.” – (3:97) “Perform
the pilgrimage and the visit (to Makkah) for Allah” –
(2:196)
Ahadis on Hajj:
“O people, pilgrimage has been ordained for you, so perform it.”
“The Hajj which is accepted gets no less a reward than Paradise.”
In reply to Ayesha’s request to join Jihad: “The Jihad of you
women is the pilgrimage”.

Muhammad (PBUH) also said that “if someone performs a Hajj

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without immodest talk or wicked acts, he will return (free from
sins) as on the day his mother bore him”.
O’Levels Islamiyat Notes Hajj

APPROACHING MAKKAH: Mawaqit:

 Circles of sanctity drawn in area surrounding Makkah.

 List of circles (from inner-most to outer-most):
o Masjid-e-Haram.
o Makkah.
o Haram.
o Mawaqit
 Mawaqit:
o Is forbidden to non-Muslims. Killing or capturing someone or even hunting is prohibited.
o Is boundaries were fixed at Allah’s command by Hazrat Adam and then Hazrat Ibrahim. Hazrat
Muhammad (PBUH) got pillars erected to indicate its boundaries.
o Are the places beyond which no one proceeding to Makkah for Hajj, Umra or any other purpose
can proceed without putting on Ihram? On violation, he’ll have to offer sacrifice.

Ihram:
First Farz of Hajj. Ihram is the name of two unstitched sheets for males, one for the lower part the other for the top.
For females the Ihram is their regular clothes. Men cannot cover their face and head. No piece of cloth should touch
the face of a woman. Before putting on Ihram, take bath and cleanse body. There are certain prohibitions in the state
of Ihram. Some of them are so important that not following any one of them makes a dum (sacrifice) wajib.

Prohibitions of Ihram: Makruhat of Ihram

 Wearing of sewn clothes (by males).
 Wearing of shoes covering raised bones
of feet. Putting bandage on head or feet.
 Covering head or face for men. Covering
face for women.
 Shaving, cutting or trimming of hair.
Cutting of nails.
 Using any kind of perfume.
 Using abusive or foul language.
 Rubbing body to remove dirt or dust
 Using perfumed soap.
 Washing with water is permitted.
 Smelling perfumed objects.
 Combing hair, or passing fingers through hair
(so as not to kill lice or cause hair to fall).
 Using a pin or needle for holding sheets of
Ihram. Using spices in food.

Permitted acts of Ihram:

 Use of toothbrush or miswak.
 Harmful insects or animals e.g. snakes, may be killed.
 Halal animals, but not hunted, may be eaten.
 Use of blankets for covering body, but not face or head, is allowed.

Intention:
After wearing Ihram, a person offers two rakats nafal and then says the words of intention, such as "Oh Allah! I
intend to perform Hajj or Umrah, so make it easy for me and accept it from me". Then he recites the Talbiya
(Labbayk). After reciting the Talbiya all prohibitions will start and he will be in the state of Ihram.

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O’Levels Islamiyat Notes Hajj

Tawaf:

 Tawaf literally means to go around something. In the chapter of Hajj Tawaf means to go around the Ka'aba
anti-clockwise.
 First we should make the intention of Tawaf standing on the left side of the Black Stone) then we do Istilam
(kissing of black stone).
 We take seven rounds around the Holy Kaaba, starting every round with Istilam.
 After the seventh round we should do the eighth Istilam.
 After completing seven rounds, a pilgrim, drinks Zamzam water
 Then he offers two rakats nafal near the Station of Ibrahim.
 Then he comes near to the Multazam and place himself on its wall and makes prayer. Allah always answers
the prayers made over here. It marks the end of Tawaf
Sayi:
Sayi literally means to run and in the chapter of Hajj, it means to run between the two hills, Safah and Marwah.
Allah says in the Holy Quran, "Behold Safah and Marwah are among the symbols of Allah. So if those who visit the
house in the season or at other times, should compass them round it is no sin in them" (2:158).
That's why Sayi is a Wajib of Hajj and Umrah.
Method of Sayi: Before Sayi we make the intention and then make the prayers on Safah looking towards the Ka'aba.
Then we start walking from Safah to Marwah. There come two green lights, we run between them. First round
finishes as we reach Marwah. At Marwah again we make prayers facing the Holy Ka'aba. In this way we complete
the seven rounds and it will finish at Marwah. Only one Sayi is Wajib in Hajj and it can be performed either after
Tawaf-e-wida or Tawaf-e-Ziyarat. Sayi is performed in the remembrance of Hazrat Hajra, when she ran between the
two hills in search of water for her son Hazrat ismai'l.
Umra:

 Means minor pilgrimage or Hajj-e-Asghar.

 Sawab equal (according to Hadith) to Hajj if performed in month of Ramadan.
 Putting on Ihram is Farz for Umra.
 It is undesirable to perform Umra between 9th and 13th of Zilhaj.

Difference between Hajj and Umra:

Hajj Umra
 Farz.  Not Farz.
 Can only be performed on prescribed times  No fixed date or time.
 Wuquf-e-Arafat, Wuquf-e-Muzdalifah, Wuquf-  None
e-Mina, stoning the devil, combined prayers,
Tawaf-e-Qudum, Tawaf-e-Wida.
 Severe penalty for many mistakes.  Leniency in most matters.
 Talbiyah stopped on 10th Zilhaj.  Talbiyah stopped while performing Tawaf.

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O’Levels Islamiyat Notes Hajj

Benefits of Hajj:
1. Pilgrim endures hardships and spends in the way of Allah. Gets trained to sacrifice for Allah.
2. Hajj is source of seeking forgiveness from Allah.
3. Pilgrims get acquainted with their brethren from far-flung areas / countries.
4. Generates brotherhood between Muslims. Breaks down racial, linguistic and territorial barriers.
5. Improves sense of equality. In Hajj, kings and slaves perform Tawaf and other rites shoulder-to-shoulder.
6. Promotes commerce and trade. Makkah, Madinah and surroundings are dependent on pilgrimage-
generated business traffic. .

Hajj at a glance:

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