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The students are able to understand about clauses and sentences. They can make
clause and sentence in writing well. They can distinguish about clause and sentence in
writing well.
INTRODUCTION
In this step, there are several point that will be given by the lecturer to the students,
such as: greeting, praying together to Allah and delivering sholawat and salam to the
our prophet Muhammad Saw, checking attendance and also giving motivation to the
students.
1. Greeting
Every meeting, greeting always occurs in all of subject. Before we begin the
After greeting, we pray together to Allah for making good situation and the
and salam for our prophet Muhammad Saw, but it is obligation just for
Muslim.
3. Checking attendance
4. Giving motivation
After all of the steps above, the lecturer give them motivate as a stimulus. It
can be interested for the students to allow the lesson. And also asked them
about how the important thing the lesson for their later.
MATERIAL
CLAUSE
A part of sentences which contains a subject and a verb. Clause divided by two, they are
main clause and sub clause. Main clause, sometime we called it by sentence and sub
clause is part of sentence which consists of a subject and verb but cannot stand alone. On
the other hand, main clause or sentence can be called independent clause and sub clause
can be called dependent clause. Main clause or independent clause or sentence contains a
subject and a verb. The subject is doing the action of the sentence and the verb is
describing what the subject doing of the sentence. Main clause or independent clause or
sentence can stand alone. Sub clause can be called dependent clause because they cannot
stand alone even though they have a subject and a verb. Also, sub clause followed by
conjunction that complete a sentence. For instance: the man who is standing beside you
is my uncle. This sentence has two clause which in the middle sentence is sub clause or
dependent clause. As Suter (2001) said that a clause is a group which consist of a subject
and a verb.
a. Dependent Clause
As mention above that dependent clause is a group which consist of a subject and a
For instance:
If he is rich, ….
All of the examples above have a subject and a verb but they cannot be called sentence
b. Independent clause
Independent clause is a group which consist of a subject and a verb and it can stand
I know you.
All of the examples above have a subject and a verb and they can be called as
SENTENCE
Sentence is a group of word or may be a group of phrase that has a subject and a verb. A
sentence must have at least a subject and a verb. Also, the sentence is ended by period or
question mark (punctuation). If the sentence, ending by period but it does not have a
The sentence divided by four of sentences, they are: simple sentence, compound
least it has a subject and a verb. The compound sentence has two sentences. It means it
has two subjects and two verbs. The sentences are connected by conjunction and, or, but
and so on. A complex sentence has at least one dependent clause and independent clause
that are connected by connectors such as when, if, because, before, although, whom,
where and so on. Then a compound – complex sentence is a joined compound and
complex sentence.
a. Simple sentence
For instance:
I know you.
Darwin is handsome.
The examples above are simple sentences because they have one subject and one
verb for each sentence. Each sentence expresses one complete though. If you
write a sentence, you must remember that one subject and one verb is a must in
the sentence construction. It means that if you do not put a subject or a verb in a
b. Compound sentence
Compound sentence is a sentence that has at least two independent clauses joined
coordinators, they are and, or, but, for, nor, yet and so.
effect to others.
buy a ticket.
stopped running.
c. Complex sentence
Complex sentence is a sentence that combines at least one independent clause and
at least one dependent clause. Sari (2015) argued that complex sentence is a
sentence which has one independent clause and one dependent clause.
Although Whereas
Because When
Since Which
Unless While
Who Before
Whoever Etc.
Whose
That
For example:
Before she could reach the door, she quickly closed it.
Sarah cried when her pet got sick, but her pet soon got better.
After our trip to the beach, school started back, I was excited to see my
friends.
we finish eating.
The sun is shining through the clouds, so I think that we can go swimming.
SUMMARY
As we know that, clause is a group that has at least one subject and one verb. Clause
is divided by two clauses, they are sub clause and main clause or dependent clause
and independent clause. Dependent clause is a group which has at least one subject
and one verb and it needs main clause or independent clause to make the complete
sentence. It means that it cannot stand alone. Therefore, Independent clause or main
clause is a group of word which consist of one subject and one verb and it can stand
Sentence is a group of word that consist of at least one subject and one verb. Sentence
is divided by four, they are: simple sentence, compound sentence, complex sentence
independent clause that connect by conjunction that called FANBOYS (For, And,
Nor, But, Or, Yet and So). Then, complex sentence is sentence which consists of
independent clause and dependent clause that connect by conjunction such as where,
before, if, whereas, who, whom, that and so oon. Whereas, compound – complex
sentence is a sentence which consists of at least two independent clauses and at least
EXERCISE
1. Clause
a. Dependent Clause
Dependent clause is a group of words that has at least one subject and one
stand alone. After the explanation above, we should realize how to make a
If I were rich ,…
As the examples above, you should make dependent clause at least five
………………………………………….
………………………………………….
………………………………………….
………………………………………….
………………………………………….
b. Independent Clause
Dependent clause is a group of words that has at least one subject and one
verb and also can stand alone. It does not need other clause to make complete
As the examples above, now is your task to make independent clause at least
…………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………
2. Sentence
a. Simple Sentence
For examples:
Jack and Shafeer play badminton every morning.
As the examples above, now is your task to make simple sentence at least five
…………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………..
b. Compound Sentence
be called coordinators, they are and, or, but, for, nor, yet and so.
For examples:
The students did not cheat on the test, for it was wrong thing to do.
They had no ice cream left at home, nor did they have money to go to
the store.
I thought the promotion was mine, but my attendance was not good
enough.
at least one for each connectors. You may write the grab below.
…………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………
c. Complex Sentence
and at least one dependent clause. Sari (2015) argued that complex sentence is
a sentence which has one independent clause and one dependent clause.
For examples:
After the tornado hit, there was very little left standing.
As the examples above, now is your task to make complex sentence at least
……………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………
For examples:
My brother does not like cartoons because they are loud, so he does
The dog started barking so the cat ran away and I could not keep up,
so I stopped.
I will go to the market, but first, I have to clean up the dishes after I
finish eating.
Sarah cried when her cat got sick, but he soon got better.
After our trip to the beach, school started back and I was excited to
see my friends.
sentence at least five compound - complex sentences. You may write in the
gab below.
……………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………
REFERENCES
Sari. Rima. Andriani. 2015. Start Writing: form Sentence to Paragraph. Graha Ilmu