De La Salle University - Manila

Gokongwei College of Engineering

Civil Engineering Graduate Studies
Term 3, AY 2017 - 2018

Final Exam:
Advanced Mathematical Methods

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In partial fulfillment for the requirements of the degree program

Master of Science in Civil Engineering
Under the course COE5310 - Advanced Mathematical Methods

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Prepared by:
Espino, Mark B.
11693584 MSCE

Submitted to:
Engr. Ryan Vicerra

Submitted on:
April 20, 2018
Test I.

1. Matrix Multiplication

4 2 3 4 3+2 5 22
a. = =
1 8 5 1 3+8 5 43

1
b. [3 6 1] 2 = [3 6 + 6 2 + 1 4] = [19]
4

4 1 3 0 7 4 1+1 −1 4 0+1 4 4∗7+1 6

c. = =
−5 2 −1 4 6 −5 3 + 2 − 1 −5 0 + 2 4 −5 7 + 2 6
11 4 34
−17 8 −23

2. Inverse of a Matrix

8 −1 0.2667 −0.0667
a. = = = =
−2 4 −0.0333 0.1333

b. A =

1 2 3 1 2
= 0 1 4 0 1 = 1 1 0+2 4 5+3 0 6−5 1 3−6 4 1−0 0 2 =1
5 6 0 5 6

1 2 3 1 0 5
= 0 1 4 = 2 1 6
5 6 0 3 4 0

1 6 2 6 2 1
= −24; = −18; = 5;
4 0 3 0 3 4

0 5 1 5 1 0
= −20; = −15; = 4;
4 0 3 0 3 4

0 5 1 5 1 0
= −5; = −4; = 1;
1 6 2 6 2 1

−24 −18 5 + − +
( ) = −20 −15 4 − + −
−5 −4 1 + − +

−24 18 5
( )= 20 −15 −4
−5 4 1

2
 1
= ( )

−24 18 5
= 20 −15 −4
−5 4 1

c. =

4 1 2 4 1
= 5 3 1 5 3 = 4 3 8 + 1 1 4 − 4 3 2 − 6 1 4 = 72
4 6 8 4 6

4 5 4
= 1 3 6
2 1 8

3 6 1 6 1 3
= 18; = −4; = −5;
1 8 2 8 2 1

5 4 4 4 4 5
= 36; = 24; = −6;
1 8 2 8 2 1

5 4 4 4 4 5
= 18; = 20; = 7;
3 6 1 6 1 3

18 −4 −5 + − +
( ) = 36 24 −6 − + −
18 20 7 + − +

18 4 −5
( ) = −36 24 6
18 −20 7

1
= ( )

0.250 0.056 −0.0694

= −0.50 0.333 0.0833
0.250 0.278 0.0972

3
3. Determinant of a Matrix

4 2
a. A = , = 4 8 − 1 2 = 30
1 8

4 1 2 4 1 2 4 1
b. A = 5 3 1 , = 5 3 1 5 3 = 4 3 8+1 1 4+2 5 6−4 3 2−
4 6 8 4 6 8 4 6
6 1 4−8 5 1 = 72

3 0 4 5 3 0 4 5 3 0 4
c. A = 5 3 1 5 , = 5 3 1 5 5 3 1 = 3 3 5 6+0 1 5 9+
6 4 5 5 6 4 5 5 6 4 5
9 1 4 6 9 1 4 6 9 1 4
4 5 6 1−9 4 1 5−1 5 5 3−4 5 5 0 − 6 6 3 4 = 354

4. Finding the Rank of a Matrix

4 2 1 3
a. = 6 3 4 7
2 1 0 1

1 1/2 1/4 3/4

= 6 3 4 7
2 1 0 1

2 = 2−6 1; 3= 3−2 1

1 1/2 1/4 3/4

= 0 0 5/2 5/2
0 0 −1/2 −1/2

2 3
2= ; 3= .
2.5 −0.50

1 1 3
1
= 2 4 4
0 0 1 1
0 0 1 1

1 = 1 − 0.25 2 ; 3 = 3 − 1.

1 1
1 0
= 2 2
0 0 1 1
0 0 0 0
Therefore the rank of the matrix is 2.

4
 −
b. =
−

Interchange R1 and R2;

1 0 3
2 −1 3 , -2R1 added to R2 and –R1 added to R4;
0 2 −1
1 1 4

1 0 1
0 −1 1 , 2R2 added to R3 and R2 added to R4;
0 2 −1
0 1 3

1 0 1
0 −1 1 , -R2 and 4R3 added to R4;
0 0 1
0 0 4

1 0 1
0 1 −1 , Since there are three nonzero rows therefore the rank of the
0 0 1
0 0 0
matrix is 3

c. =

Divide R1 by 4

1 0.5 0.25 0.75

= 6 3 4 7 , Then R2 = R2-6R1; R3 = R3-2R1
2 1 0 1

1 0.5 0.25 0.75

= 0 0 2.5 2.5 , Then R2 = R2/2.5 and R3 = R3/-0.50
0 0 −0.5 −0.5

1 0.5 0.25 0.75

= 0 0 1 1 , Then R1 = R1- 0.25R2 and R3 = R3 - R1
0 0 1 1

1 0.5 0 0.50
= 0 0 1 1 , Therefore the rank of the matrix is 2.
0 0 0 0

5
Test II. Solve Using Laplace Transform and Linearity

5. + +

=3 1 +4 +2
3 2! 1
= +4 +2
− (−4)

= + + Ans.

6. +
! 2
= +
( − ) ( − ) +
3! 2
= +
( − (−5)) ( − 1) + 2

=
( )
+
( )
Ans.

Test III. Derivation of Laplace transforms f(t)

7. ( )=

By definition of Laplace Transform,

[ ( )] = ( )

Therefore:

[ ]=

Let st = x; t = x/s
s dt = dx
dt = dx/s
[ ]=

[ ]=

1
[ ]=

6
 From the equation ∑ = , therefore:
!
[ ]= Ans.

8. ( )=

From the Laplace transform of =

= ; ( )=
+
Also from the Laplace transform of (− ) ( )= ( ),

− = ( + )
+

=− ( + ) (2 )

[ ]= Ans.
( )

9. ( )=

( )
=

( )
= ; =
−1 ( )
=− ; =
−
( ) ( )
= −
− −

1 ( )
= −
− −
( )
= ; =
−1 ( )
= ; =
−
( ) ( )
1 −
= − +
− − − −

1 ( )
= −
− − −

7
 1 ( )
= −
− ( − )
2 ∞
−( − )
1+
( − )2 0

1 1
( − ) ( − ) 1 ( − )
= = =
( − ) + ( − ) ( − ) +
1+
( − ) ( − )
( )
= Ans.
( )

10. ( ) =
∞
−
=
0

∞
( )
=
0

( )
= ; =
1 ( )
= ; =
−
∞
1 ( ) −1
1 ( )
= − ( )
− 0 −
( − ) 1 ( − )
= − ( )
− −

( )
=
−
( )
= ; =
1 ( )
= ( − 1) ; =
−

−1 1 ( − )
1 ( − ) −2
= − ( − 1)
− − −
−1 −2 ( − )
=
( − ) −
∞
( − 1) ( )
=
( − ) 0

( )
= ; =
1 ( )
= ( − 2) ; =
−

8
 ∞ ∞
( − 1) 1 ( ) 1 ( )
= − ( − 2)
( − ) − 0 0 −
∞
( − 1) 1 ( )
= [0] − ( − 2)
( − ) 0 −
∞
( − 1)( − 2) ( )
= −
( − ) 0

( − 1)( − 2)( − 3) ( − 1)( − 2)( − 3)

= =
( − )( − )( − )( − ) ( − )( − )
!
= Ans.
( − ) +1

Test IV. Solve for the Laplace transform of the following differential equation:

11. y”- 2y’ + y = 2t ; y(0) = 1 , y’(0) = 1

[ "] = [ ]− (0) − ′(0)
[ " − 2 ′ + ] = [2 ]
[ "] − 2 [ ] + [ ] = 2 [ ]

( [ ] − − 1) − 2( [ ] − 1) + [ ] = 2 [ ]
2
( − 2 + 1) [ ] = − 1 +

1
ℎ =
( − 1)
−1 2
[ ]= +
( − 1) ( − 1)
[ ]= + 2 (1 − ) Ans.

12. y” + 4y = t ; y(0) = 1, y’(0) = 2

[ "] = [ ] − (0) − ′(0)
1
[ " + 4 ]=

1
[ "] + 4 [ ] =

1
( [ ] − − 2) + 4 [ ] =

1
( + 4) [ ] = + 2 +

9
 1
ℎ =
+4
2 1
[ ]= + +
( + 4) ( + 4) ( + 4)
2
( )= 2 + 2 + −
4 8

( )= 2 + + Ans.

Test V. Solve the Inverse Laplace Transform of the following:

13. −

1
=
−
1
=
+
1 1
= + 16
−3 +9

= + 3 Ans.

14.

+4
=
( + 1) − 4

+1+4−1
=
( + 1) − 4

+1 1
= +3
( + 1) − 2 ( + 1) − 2

+1 3 2
= +
( + 1) − 2 2 ( + 1) − 2

5
= 2 − 2
2

10
15.

=
( + 4) + 3
+4−4
=
( + 4) + √3
+4 4 √3
= −
( + 4) + √3 √3 ( + 4) + √3
= cos √3 − sin √3 Ans.
√

11