AIRFRAMES AND SYSTEMS STRUCTURES SELF ASSESSMENT QUESTIONS - STRUCTURES What is the purpose of the wing main spar a) b) °) d) To withstand bending and torsional loads To withstand compressive and torsional loads To withstand compressive and shear loads to withstand bending and shear loads ‘What is the purpose of wing ribs a) b) °) 4 To withstand the fatigue stresses To shape the wing and support the To house the fuel and the landing gear To provide local support for the skin What is the purpose of stringers a) b) ©) ad To absorb the torsional and compressive stresses To produce stress risers and support the fatigue metres To prevent buckling and bending by supporting and stiffening the skin To support the primary control surfaces The airframe structure must remain substantially intact after experiencing: a) b) °) 4) The design ultimate load times a 1.5 safety factor The design limit load plus the design ultimate load Three times the safety factor The design limit load times a 1.5 factor of safety In the construction of airframes the primary purpose of frames or formers is to: a) b) °) 4d) Provide a means of attaching the stringers and skin panels Oppose hoop stresses and provide shape and form to the fuselage Form the entrance door posts ‘Support the wings How can wing bending moments be reduced in flight? a) b) °) 4d) By using aileron ‘up-float’ and keeping the centre section fuel tanks full for as long as possible By using aileron ‘up-float’ and using the fuel in the wings last By having tail-mounted engines and using aileron ‘down-float” By having wing-mounted engines and using the wing fuel first 4.1-21 © Oxford Aviation Services LimitedAIRFRAMES AND SYSTEMS STRUCTURES i Regarding a safe life structure: a) b) °) d Will only fail after a known number of operations or hours of use 1 2. Should not fail until a predicted number of fatigue cycles has been achieved 3. Has programmed inspection cycle to detect and rectify faults 4. Ischanged before its predicted life is reached 1 and 2 apply and 3 apply 3 and 4 apply all of the above apply A fail safe structure a) b) °) @d) 1, Has programmed inspection cycle to detect and rectify faults Is changed before its predicted life is reached 3. Has redundant strength which will tolerate a certain amount of structural damage 4, Is secondary structure of no structural significance 1 and 2 apply 1 and 3 apply 3 and 4 apply all of the above apply The skin of a modern pressurised aircraft a) by °) ad Is made up of light alloy steel sheets built on the monocoque principle Houses the crew and the payload Provides aerodynamic lift and prevents corrosion by keeping out adverse weather Is primary load bearing structure carrying much of the structural loads ‘The primary purpose of the fuselage is to: a) b) °) ad ‘Support the wings House the crew and payload Keep out adverse weather Provide access to the cockpit 1.1-22 ‘© Oxford Aviation Services LimitedAIRFRAMES AND SYSTEMS STRUCTURES 12. 13. Station numbers (Stn) and water lines (WL) are: a) A means of locating airframe structure and components b) Passenger seat locations ©) Runway markings for guiding the aircraft to the terminal 4) Compass alignment markings Flight deck windows are constructed from a) An amalgam of strengthened glass and vinyl with rubber pressure seals b) Strengthened glass with shock absorbing clear vinyl interlayers and rubber pressure seals ©) Strengthened clear vinyl with an electrical conducting coat for de-icing and rubber pressure seals 4) Strengthened glass with rubber seals A cantilever wing: a) Is externally braced with either struts and/or bracing wires b) Is supported at one end only with no external bracing ©) Has both an upper an lower airfoil section a) Folds at the root section to ease storage in confined spaces A torsion box: a) __Isastructure within the fuselage to withstand compression, bending and twisting loads. b) _Isastructure formed between the wing spars, skin and ribs o resist bending and twisting loads ©) _Isastructure within the wing for housing the fuel tanks, flight controls and landing gear 4) Isa structure designed to reduce the weight ‘A lightening hole in a rib a) _ Prevents lightning strikes damaging the fuselage b) Provides a means of passing cables and controls through a pressure bulkhead ©) Collects and disposes of electrical charges d Lightens and stiffens the structure 1.1-23 ‘© Oxford Aviation Services Limited