22/2019 FIRST AID FIRST AID ait is temporary care given to 2 person uho is injured or who becomes suddenly ill ‘alt also includes the recognition of life- threatening condition andthe performance of an effective action to Save the life of an injured person and to keep him in the best possible condition Until medical becomes available. AIMS Recognize life-threatening situations “Supply artificial ventilation and circulation when needed *Control bleeding Care for other life-threatening conditions ‘Minimize further injury +Prevent infection Make victim comfortable arrange medical assistance and transportation Relieve pain GOOD SAMARITAN LAW sThese are laws that protect health care personne! and provide guideines for care Unless. the personnel are feund guilty of negligence, SNEGLIGENCE- defined as acting with Carelessness, inattention, disregard, or oversight RIGHT TO REFUSE CARE + Acampatet aut nas the ant 0 refuse emergency cae crest gon cb te pace fern ene gers the win, evict tl 4 TYPES OF CONSENT + Actual consent ~ given by the victim expressed in ‘words or ina nod of the head after explanation of vat should be done + Implied consent ~ assumed consent given by the unconscious vietim of life-threatening injury of ines + Minor's consent ~ consent of a minor given to the parent cr guardian + Consent of the mentally ill ~ consent is given to the parent, guardian or the permanent caregiver2/12/2019 ACTION IN EMERGENCIES, + Scene Survey * Conduct a 10 second scene survey as you approach fan emergency scene, Scan area for immediate dangers for yourself 10 the victim. Always ask yourself Is the scene safe for me? if the stene is ‘Safe, wy to determine the cause of the emergency EMS personnel should be informed of the finding so they can recognize the extent of the problem Thus, etermine how many people ate injured. There ‘could be more victim, so look around and ask about other viet [ACTIVATION OF EMS (EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES) CCallEMS when you thnk you cannat handle the ‘situation ‘Some situations require activation of EMS like’ > Severe bleeding Drowning > Blectrocution > Possible heart attack > No breathing or breathing aifcuty » Choking Unconsciousness Imminent childbirth Poisoning attempted suicide >Some seizure cases Paralysis >Suspected spinal cord injury »Cardiac arrest ADVANTAGES OF CALLING EMS Hany vicimns can ony be moved by tained personnel ‘Emergency meccal techniques (EMT) know hat to ane they are in radio contact with dactors nthe hosoal Care aiven by EMT at the scene and on the way to the ‘hospal prove better chances of survival and covery ‘Time ll be saved in transporting victim to the hospital PRIMARY SURVEY AIRWAY sIf vctin i talking or conscious, the airway is open. if Unconscious, the airway may be obstructed be the tongue. The airway must be opened using the head titfehin-ife method BREATHING Sif victim is conscious, ne is breathing, Take note of breathing difficulties like breathing less than eight times a minute or more than 24 times germinate Note also of abnormal breathing sounds like wheezing, snoring, gurgling, oF erowing. After opening the airway, heck for breathing by loaking for the chest to rise and fall, listening for breathing, and feeling for air coming from the victim's nose and mouth. CIRCULATION ‘Check for circulation by feeling for heart beat or pulse at the carotid artery in the neck if vichim Is Unconscious. IF victim ts conscious feel for pulse 3t the radial artery of the upper arm, Use the index and ‘middle finger for palpitting, and not the thumb Because has its own pulse HEMORRHAGE OR BLEEDING ‘Check for bleeding by loaking for blood inthe entre bboay. If there is Bleeding, contrat it by using direct Dressure over the bleeding area, Avoid contact with the Diood by using gloves or extra layers of cloth or ‘ressings. Other methods of contraling bleeding Include pressure bandage, elevation above the heart, ‘anc applying pressure at pressure points (femoral ‘artery in the leg, brachial artery in the arm.)‘SPINAL CORD INJURY yy by instructing Check for spinal cord injun check for Giggle fingers and tes, 208 Jand. Another method is t0 squeeze your hi instruct victim 0 is foot against your insti iim #8 unconscious, use Babinsk! handy storing a Key or a simlr object (F071 tes Oy com ofthe foot towards the big toe, RS pig toe goes up, then spinal cord or brain vey is, suspected. If spinal, IniUry | inured, do not move viewim's head or neck see keep it stable with your hands. push his “GECONDARY SURVEY cuter COMPLAINT AND VITAL SGN ‘hk victim where the Bane answer i Tmt complaint, what the tne cet Sr aymptoms and WME YO ore esc are ns. vial 190s IKE PU ‘preathing, {he vc” gg temperature Should De KET repeated 2-5 intervals 212.5 tera gave generated wen ee Pine se oer rate, and relative strenge of Pe «60-100 beats/min for acults {80.150 beats/min for child 2eo 180 bete/min for newbor” heart ermal ange = treating ~ consists of one inhalation and one ermal cage = 12:20 breaths/min for adut 15-30 breath/mn for enoren 430.60 breathermin fr newbom sermperotre- boy hese Normal range © 36.6374 degrees ‘Sin coor oe ators tobe watched for: Srenes- may be cased by shock o heart attack fest may urs gh Den res Pn co ee ee Maas Bucnes may be coused by suffocation, ack ot ongen TAKING A HISTORY sassense scene —pacemeatof the vim ang objects at ecco he anon rer; ak yes qtr CONDUCTING A SECOND SURVEY snes, cond ia sen ening conditions ere Maat es ii recone a val oncology a . Ent, seme yaonin Bbstomay 9 Dp wovnds 5" Swoing, sel ake every effort to protect the victim's pi HEAD TO TOE EXAMINATION ee for othe he Deer erg mary by pertrmin end toe Gama One ara be cre macro saeate een or contrite. wounds cts Se arent to agarvate eEteminte ounce." Wisin Shon be moved Secaute thre ould be undeeted rack ond onl Ee Sec ce ee