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SCIENCE PRIMARY 4
Lesson 1: Science Process Skill
1 Bar chart 1 shows the number of extinct animal species from year 1800 to 2000.
Year
Bar chart 1
State the
(i) Manipulated variable: _______________________________________
(ii) Responding variable: _______________________________________
Cover
Fly
Jar
Diagram 1
Observations are made on the flies and the results is recorded in Table 1.
Time (min) 30 60 90 120 150
Total number of flies died 1 3 6 8 10
3 Mariah carried out an investigation on a sunny day. She used a pole with the height of
100 cm. She measured the height of the pole’s shadow and determined the direaction
of the shadow. The results is as shown in Table 2.
Time 10 am 11 am 12 pm 1 pm 2 pm 3 pm 4 pm
Height of 90 50 20 0 20 50 90
shadow (cm)
Direction of West West West No East East East
shadow
Table 2
(a) State the
(i) Manipulated variable: _______________________________________
(ii) Responding variable: _______________________________________
(iii) Constant variable: __________________________________________
(b) Build a bar chart to show the length of shadow at different times.
Object
Bar chart 2
State the
(i) Manipulated variable: _______________________________________
(ii) Responding variable: _______________________________________
(iii) Constant variable: _________________________________________
5 In an investigation, a pupil wants to find out the relationship between the position of U-
shaped magnet and the number of paper clips attracted. The positions of the magnet
are labelled with P, Q and R, as shown in Diagram 2.
Magnet
Paper clip
Diagram 2
State the
(i) Manipulated variable: _______________________________________
(ii) Responding variable: _______________________________________
(iii) Constant variable: _________________________________________
6 Diagram 3 shows an investigation to study the changes in the length of spring when
hung with different masses of loads.
Spring Spring
After hung with load
Diagram 3
Based on the information given, build a bar chart to show the results of the
investigation.
(b) What is the trend of change in the length of spring, of the mass of the load is
added?
_____________________________________________________________
(c) (i) What is the energy possessed by the spring when the load is hung to it?
__________________________________________________________
(ii) State the change of energy that occurs when the spring is stretched and
released.
__________________________________________________________
7 Ramli carried out an investigation to find the ability of water absorption of four sponges
with different thickness. The four sponges, K, L, M and N are soaked in the four beakers
with the same volume of water. After five minutes, the sponges are taken out and the
volume of water left in the beaker is then recorded in Table 3.
Sponge K L M N
Thickness of sponge (cm) 2 4 6 8
Volume of water left (ml) 200 150 100 50
Table 3
8 The total mass of eight wet tissue papers is 200 g. The tissue paper is left to dry and its
mass is recorded every 1 hour which is shown in Table 4.