Pediatric practice questions

16. While caring for a Laotian patient who is hospitalized for acute gastroenteritis and
dehydration, a pediatric nurse notes the parent keeping packets of herbs by the patient's
bedside. Suspecting that the parent may be administering the herbs to the patient, the nurse's
first action is to:

ask the parent in a nonjudgmental manner about the herbs.

coordinate a nursing care conference to discuss the patient's plan of care.
discuss the risks of using alternative therapies with the parent.
refer the family to a social worker for possible nonadherence with the healthcare regimen.

17. A pediatric nurse, who is caring for a 12-year-old patient with septic shock, perceives a
potential complication of fluid resuscitation upon noting:

a heart rate of 50 beats/min.

a temperature of 102oF (38.8oC).
complaints of leg pain.
rales and rhonchi by auscultation.

18. During the first two years of life, patients with bronchopulmonary dysplasia requiring
rehospitalization are most likely to be diagnosed with:

electrolyte disturbances.
immune deficiencies.
pulmonary hypertension.
respiratory tract infections.

19. A four-year-old patient, whose family follows a strict vegetarian diet, undergoes a
prekindergarten physical examination. The pediatric nurse is alert to the patient's potential
deficiency of:

niacin.
thiamin.
vitamin B6.
vitamin B12.

20. A pediatric nurse is caring for a patient who received chemotherapy 10 days ago. Which
laboratory value requires the nurse's intervention?

A blood urea nitrogen level of 10 mg/dL

A hemoglobin of 8.6 g/dL
A platelet count of 18 x 103/µL
A serum glucose of 110 mg/dL

21. According to the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act, a healthcare facility
may release patient information without obtaining permission from the patient or family when
there is a request from a:

consulting physician to evaluate the patient.

lawyer regarding a child abuse case.
school nurse to update the school records.
teacher regarding behavioral issues.

22. For a patient with gastroesophageal reflux symptoms, the purpose of esophageal pH
monitoring is to evaluate for:

esophagitis from the reflux.

frequency of the reflux.
gastric emptying delays.
possible obstructions.

23. Discharge care planning has begun for a seriously injured Vietnamese patient. The patient's
parents have refused routine home health visits. The pediatric nurse understands that
Vietnamese families:

believe that health outcomes are predetermined.

feel health is a personal responsibility and maintenance of family reputation is paramount.
regard health as a family responsibility, seeking outside aid only when resources are exhausted.
use healthcare systems infrequently and seek folk healers.

24. A pediatric nurse is preparing a newly paralyzed patient for discharge. The patient will
require home care, ancillary therapies, and complex medication regimens, and would benefit
from a peer support group. To ensure adequate preparation for discharge and transition to
home life, the nurse will:

ask the social worker or case manager to organize a care conference.

assess the family for transportation needs.
call the medical supply company to ensure delivery of home care equipment.
contact the patient's school to ensure its readiness to accommodate the patient.

25. When a patient participates in a research study, the pediatric nurse's primary concern is to
ensure that the:

parent or guardian has given verbal consent for the patient's participation.
 quality of care that the patient receives will not be affected if the patient chooses to withdraw
from the study.
research meets the developmental needs of the patient.
research will directly benefit the patient.