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UNIT I
INTRODUCTION
Radial Axial
Radial cooling of machine Axial cooling of machine
This method is used for cooling rotors This method used for stator
Air is forced through sub – slots only The air is forced through the air gap
from both ends
The peripheral speed is a translational speed that may exist at the surface of the
rotor while it is rotating.
Peripheral speed Va = πDr in m/sec
L
K gd
L K cd nd w d
12. Define field form factor.
Average flux density Pole arc
Kg
Maximum flux density pole pith
14. How is magnetic leakage flux different from useful magnetic flux?
Useful magnetic flux is the flux established along useful path of magnetic circuit
whereas leakage magnetic flux which is established along paths that is not useful
15. What are the assumptions made to calculate the slot leakage?
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1) The current in the slot conductors is uniformly distributed over their cross
section.
2) The leakage path is straight across the slot and around the iron at the bottom.
3) The permeance of air paths is only considered. The reluctance of iron paths is
assumed as zero.
16. How heat is produced in a rotating electrical machine?
It is produced on account of hysteresis loss, eddy current loss, friction loss,
winding loss and copper loss.
17. Distinguish between continuous rating and short time rating of electrical
machines.
Continuous Rating Short Time Rating
The continuous rating of a motor may Short time rating of a motor may be
be defined as the load that may be defined as its output at which it may be
carried by the machine for an indefinite operated for a certain specified time
time without the temperature rise of any without exceeding the maximum
part exceeding the maximum permissible value of temperature
permissible value.
18. What is the difference between real and apparent magnetic flux densities in
rotating machine?
Apparent flux density Real flux density
Apparent flux density is defined as Real flux density defined as
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Minimum cost
Minimum volume
Minimum weight
20. What is magnetic circuit?
The magnetic circuit is the path of magnetic flux. The mmf of the circuit creates
flux in the path against the reluctance of the path. The equation which relates flux,
mmf and reluctance is given by,
Flux= mmf/Reluctance
The slot space factor is defined as the ratio of conductor area to slot area.
25. List the different types of slots that are used in rotating machines.
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Parallel sided slots with flat bottom
Circular slots
The bulging of magnetic path at the air – gap id called fringing. The fluxes in the
bulged portion are called fringing flux.
27. Write any two differences between magnetic and electrical circuits.
When the current flows in electric circuit the energy is spent continuously,
whereas in magnetic circuit the energy is needed only to create the flux but not
to maintain it.
Current actually flows in the electric circuit, whereas the flux does not flow in
a magnetic circuit but it is assumed to flow.