LIQUID 1870s

The liquid microphone was invented by Alexander Graham Bell and Thomas
Watson in the late 1870's, just like the carbon microphone. Early liquid microphones
relied mainly on a battery, needle, wire and a metal cup with the diaphragm placed
over top; again, a diaphragm is a thin piece of material that vibrates when it is hit with
sound waves (16). The technology behind the microphone is fairly simple: one end of
the wire is connected to a battery and the remainder of the wire goes through
diaphragm and the cup and is connected to a needle that skims the surface of acidified
water that sits below the cup. Sound waves, made when someone speaks close to the
diaphragm, force the diaphragm to vibrate, causing the wire to be pushed deeper into
the water. A small electrical current, created from the battery, is enhanced by the
vibrations dipping the wire into the water, then becomes an audio signal.

CARBON 1920s
The carbon microphone, also known as carbon button microphone, button
microphone, or carbon transmitter, is a type of microphone, a transducer that
converts sound to an electrical audio signal. It consists of two metal plates separated
by granules of carbon. One plate is very thin and faces toward the speaking person,
acting as a diaphragm. Sound waves striking the diaphragm cause it to vibrate,
exerting a varying pressure on the granules, which in turn changes the electrical
resistance between the plates. Higher pressure lowers the resistance as the granules
are pushed closer together.
 CONDENSER 1930s
Condenser Microphones - In 1916, Edward Christopher “EC” Wente of Bell
Laboratoriesintroduced the first condenser microphone. Although this device was
developed as an instrument to measure sound intensity, the basic design would lead to
the development of condenser microphones suitable for sound recording.5

DYNAMIC 1950s
Dynamic Microphones - Dynamic microphones, which include moving
coils and ribbons, were fairly late in the development of microphones,
because permanent magnets were rather weak. Although a moving coil microphone
was actually patented by Ernst Siemens in 1874, it was E. C. Wente and Albert L.
Thuras at Western Electric who developed the first practical moving coil
microphone.1 They are also credited with inventing the first practical loudspeaker
patented in 1926.11

DYNAMIC 1970s
Launched in 1971 as Sennheiser’s flagship dynamic the MD441 has remained in
production ever since. Famous users include David Bowie, Stevie Nicks and Elton
John. It is a superb example of German design and engineering, and even today has
few competitors. However, a microphone of this quality does not come cheap.
 LAPEL 1980s

In a 1984 study administered by Cornell University's College of Arts and Sciences, it

was found that the use of lavalier microphones in an academic setting was beneficial to
the dissemination of information. By allowing a presenter to move freely in a presenting
space, the lavalier microphone allows the presenter to offer continuous visual
stimulation to the audience, enabling the speaker to hold their attention longer or more
easily. Even in smaller applications where the audience contained fewer than twenty-
five attendees, the lack of restrictions on the hands proved to offer similar visual
stimulation in capturing and maintaining attention.[8]

BOUNDARY 1990s
The boundary microphone can be used as a piano mic or on hockey boards for body
check sound effects. It is also commonly used to record full room sound by being
mounted on a wall. When used to record a soloist or small musical ensemble along
with the room acoustics, a boundary microphone prevents phase interference between
direct and reflected sound, resulting in a natural sound with a flatter frequency
response than can be obtained with a stand-mounted microphone at the same
distance.

MEMS 2010
MEMS microphones must be further miniaturized for use in mobile devices. So we
developed packaging technologies for MEMS microphones using flip chip technology
instead of wire bonding. The first two generations have the sound hole in a ceramic
interposer at the bottom side of the package. Now a new flip chip microphone package
with the sound hole on the top side has been developed. The new package technology
combines a large acoustic reference volume for good signal to noise ratio with small
size. Compared to other microphone packages the sensitivity is improved by 3 dB. The
front volume is small to avoid resonances in the acoustic frequency range.
 APR 3, 1973 The first cell phone created
The first public wireless phone call was made in 3rd April, 1973 by Martin Cooper of
Motorola. Walking along in sixth avenue, New York he called Joel Engel (head of
research, Bell Labs). The phone he used had the following features. Martin Cooper
holds a Motorola DynaTAC, a 1973 prototype of the first handheld cellular telephone.
Photo: Eric Risberg/AP __1973: __Martin Cooper of Motorola uses the first portable
handset ... to make the first cellphone call ... to his rival at Bell Labs. Rub it in.

FEB 20, 1996 Nokia 9000 Communicator

The first smartphone series, driven by an Intel 386 CPU. The Nokia 9000
Communicator is a fully-featured GSM-phone with enhanced communication and
organizing capabilities. In addition to voice calls, the communicator enables users to
send and receive faxes, e-mail and short messages (online postcards) as well as
access Internet services and corporate and public databases.

APR 16, 2000 Nokia 3310

This popular phone sold 126 million models, and was particularly popular in Europe.
The original Nokia 3310 landed in 2000, when Windows 2000, Y2K bugs and Sisquo's
"Thong Song" reigned supreme — not to mention a powerful little game
called Snake, a staple of the 3310 and available on the new version, of course.
It's harder than ever.
 APR 1, 2002 Nokia 3510(i)
The first Nokia phone to bring GPRS internet services to the mass market. The 3510i,
pictured here, was a more advanced version with a colour screen.
The European / Asian versions, the Nokia 3510i and the Nokia 3530, which operate on
GSM 900/1800, and features a more conventional keypad.
The Nokia 3590 was a version of the 3510 for the North American market. It operates
on GSM-1900 and GSM-850 networks. The phone was at one time available through
the former AT&T GoPhone prepaid mobile phone service.

JUL 26, 2004 Motorola Razor V3

When this was introduced it set the standard for sleek design in the
industry. The Motorola Razr (styled RAZR, pronounced "razor"; sometimes
also Siliqua) was a series of mobile phones by Motorola, part of the 4LTR line. They
were first developed in July 2003 and were released in the market in the third quarter
of 2004.[1] The V3 was the first phone released in the series, followed soon thereafter
by the much improved V3i with a collaboration with Apple for iTunes to be built-in.

JUN 23, 2006 HTC TyTN 100

This model was sold as the Orange SPV M3100 in the UK, keeping with HTC’s
tradition of private labelling for individual carriers. The HTC TyTN (also known as the
HTC Hermes and the HTC P4500) is an Internet-enabled Windows Mobile Pocket
PC PDA designed and marketed by High Tech Computer Corporation of Taiwan. It has
a touchscreen with a left-side slide-out QWERTY keyboard. The TyTN's functions
include those of a camera phoneand a portable media player in addition to text
messaging and multimedia messaging.
 JUN 29, 2007 iPhone
The original iPhone was released in June 2007 with an auto-rotate sensor, a multi-
touch sensor that allowed multiple inputs while ignoring minor touches, a touch
interface that replaced the traditional QWERTY keyboards, and many other features
that helped to give Apple an almost instant healthy market share on its release.
First announced Jan. 9, 2007, by Steve Jobs, the iPhone is considered one of Apple's
worst-kept secrets, but still the most anticipated gadget of all time.

JUL 11, 2008 iPhone 3G

The iPhone 3G was made even more desirable by all the apps that could be
purchased for it in the AppStore when it was released in July of 2008.

The iPhone 3G is a smartphone that was designed and marketed by Apple Inc. It is
the second generation of iPhone, successor to the original iPhone, and was introduced
on June 9, 2008, at the WWDC 2008 at the Moscone Center in San Francisco, United
States.

JUL 1, 2009 Omnia HD/Samsung i8910

This phone promises the first high-definition video recording when it is released July
1st of 2009. The Samsung Omnia HD looks gorgeous — really large screen, slim and
sleek. The capacitive touchscreen itself is pretty good with enough sensitivity  so
you don’t often re-tap on icons and widgets.