IJJJJJJK

L ae¶c Hm¿ØtUmIvkv L
L kpdnbm\n k`bpsS L
L `cWLS\ L
L L
L L
L L
L L
L L
L L
L L
L L
As Amended in 2011

NOOOOOOP
ae¶c Hm¿ØtUmIvkv
kpdnbm\n k`bpsS
`cWLS\
(1934 apX¬ \nehnep≈Xv)

(As Amended in 2011)

 ae¶c Hm¿ØtUmIvkv
kpdnbm\n k`bpsS
`cWLS\
1. {]Jym]\w
1. ae¶ck` -- Hm¿ØtUmIvkv kpdnbm\n k`bpsS Hcp
hn`mKhpw Hm¿ØtUmIvkv kpdnbm\n k`bpsS {][m\
tae≤y£≥ At¥ymJym ]m{Xnb¿°okpw BIp∂p.
2. ae¶ck` -- am¿tØmΩm «olmbm¬ ÿm]nXambXpw
]uckv X y Hm¿ØtUmIv k v kpdnbm\n k`bn¬
Dƒs∏´Xpw ]uckv X y Hm¿ØtUmIv k v kpdnbm\n
k`bpsS {][m\ tae≤y£≥ ImtXmen°mbpw BIp∂p.
3. Hm¿ØtUmIvkv kpdnbm\n k`sb Nne ImcWßfm¬
]niImbn bmt°m_mb k` F∂pIqsS t]cp
]d™phcp∂Xpt]mse ae¶c k`tbbpw AtX
ImcWßfm¬ bmt°m_mb k` F∂pIqsS t]cp
]d™phcp∂ps≠¶nepw, AXn\p≈ ]q¿∆oIamb
km£m¬ t]cv “ae¶c Hm¿ØtUmIvkv kpdnbm\n k`”
F∂mIp∂p.
4. hn. amtamZokm ssIs°m≠hcpw hn. {XnXzØns‚
As Amended in 2011 ssZhXzw, ]p{Xs‚ a\pjymhXmcw, ]cnip≤mflmhns‚
]pd∏mSv , hn. k` F∂nhbnepw, Ahbn¬ \nJym
Printed at the Catholicate Press, Kottayam
hnizmk{]amWØns‚ D]tbmKw, hn. ]mcºcyßfpsS
May 2012 ssZh\nizmkw, ssZhamXmhns‚bpw ip≤nam∑mcpsSbpw
a≤yÿX, acn®hcpsS Hm¿Ω, Ggp IqZmiIfpsS
I¿Ω߃, t\mºv apXembn \nbam\pkcWap≈
 `cWLS\ `cWLS\
A\pjvTm\߃ F∂nhbnepw hnizmkap≈hcpw Ahsb t]cphnhcw ASßnb Ipºkmc cPnÃdpw
A\pjvTnt°≠ _m≤yX kzoIcn®n´p≈hcpw Bb F√m D≠mbncnt°≠XmIp∂p.
kv{Xo]pcpj∑mcpw Cu k`bnse AwK߃ 9. Hcp ]≈n CShIbnse Hcp AwKØn\v thsdmcp ]≈n
Bbncn°p∂XmIp∂p. CShIbn¬ ÿncamtbm, DtZymKm¿∞hpw a‰pw
5. Cu k` AwKoIcn®ncn°p∂ Imt\m≥ _¿ F{_mbbm¬ Xm¬°menIambn kz¥w ]≈n CShI hn´v
FgpXs∏´ lqZmb Imt\m≥ BIp∂p. (1898-mw B≠v Xmakn°p∂]£w, AXXp ÿeØp≈ ]≈n
]mcokv ]´WØn¬ A®Sn®n´p≈Xv Cu Imt\m≥ CShIbn¬ Xmev°menIamtbm, tNcmhp∂Xpw A{]Imcw
Xs∂bmWv.) ÿncamtbm, Xmev°menIamtbm CShI tNcp∂Xv
hn´pt]mcp∂ ]≈n CShIbpsSbpw, tNcp∂ ]≈n
2. ]≈n CShI CShIbpsSbpw hnImcnamcpsS A\paXntbmSpIqSn
Bbncnt°≠Xpw CShI hn´ hnhchpw CShI tN¿∂
A. CShItbmKw hnhchpw AXXp hnImcn CShI sa{Xmt∏meoØmbv°p
6. Hmtcm ]≈n- C-S-h-Ibv°pw Hmtcm ]≈n CS-hI tbmKw dnt∏m¿´p sNtø≠Xpw BIp∂p. CShI am‰Øn\v
D≠m-bn-cn-t°-≠X - m-Ip-∂p. hnImcnbpsS A\paXn e`n°mØ]£w CShI
Hmtcm ]≈n CS-h-Ibv°pw Hmtcm CS-hI cPn-ÿ D≠m- sa{Xmt∏meoØmbpsS ASp°¬ At]£n°mhp∂Xpw
bn-cn-t°-≠X - m-Ip-∂p. CS-hI - b
- nse Hmtcm AwK-Øn-s‚bpw CShI sa{Xmt∏meoØmbpsS Xocpam\a\pkcn®v
t]cv CS-hI cPn-kv‰dn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-tØ-≠-Xm-Ip-∂p. CSh- \S∂psImt≈≠Xpw BIp∂p. Xmev°menIambn CShI
I-bnse GsX-¶nepw AwKw k`-bn¬\n∂p am‰-s∏-Sp-It- bm, tNcp∂h¿°v Ah¿ A{]Imcw XpScp∂nStØmfw Imew
a‰p-k`-bn-te°v hnhmlw sNbvXv Abbv-°-s∏-Sp-I-tbm, AhchcpsS ÿncw CShItbmKØn¬ kw_
ÿnc-ambn as‰mcp CS-h-Imw-KXzw kzoI-cn-°p-Itbm ‘n°p∂Xnt\m thm´p sNøp∂Xnt\m AhImi
sNbvXm¬ CS-hI - b- nse AwKXzw \jvSa - m-Ip-∂X - mWv. an√mØXmIp∂p.
7. `c-WL - S- \ 10, 11 hIp-∏p-If - n¬ ]d-bp∂ {]Im-ca - p≈ \ntcm- 10. Hcp CShItbmKmwKw GsX¶nepw C\Øn¬ ]≈nt°m
[\w D≈-h-scm-gn-sI, Ccp-]-Øn-H∂p hb v {]mbw XnI- kapZmbØnt\m sNt√≠ kwJy Bdpamk°metØ°p
™-hcpw B≠n¬ Hcp-X-hW F¶nepw Ipº-km-cn-®v hn. sImSp°msX hogv N hcpØnbm¬ B AwKØn\v
Ip¿_m\ ssIs°m-≈p-∂-hcpw CS-hI cPn-Ã-dn¬ t]cp- CShItbmKØn¬ kw_‘n°p∂Xnt\m thm´p
≈-hc - p-amb F√m kv{Xo]p-cp-j∑ - mcpw CS-hI - t- bm-KØ - n¬ sNøp∂Xnt\m AhImian√mØXpw, Hcp h¿jtØ°v Sn
AwK-ß-fm-bn-cn-°pw. tbmK-Ønse F√m AwK-߃°pw kwJy sImSp°msX hogvN hcpØnbm¬ B AwKØns‚
thm´-hI - m-ih - pw, CS-hI - b
- nse `c-Wk - a
- n-Xn-If- n-te°v Xnc- t]cv CShItbmK cPnÃdn¬ \n∂pw \o°w
s™-Sp-°s - ∏-Sp-hm-\p≈ Ah-Im-ihpw D≠m-bn-cn-°pw. sNøs∏Sp∂Xpw, C{]Imcw \o°w sNøs∏´ Hcp AwKw
8. CShItbmKmwKßfpsS t]cp hnhcw ASßnb IpSn»nI apgph\pw sImSp°p∂Xn\p apºmbn kz¥w
CShItbmK cPnÃdpw Ipºkmcn®n´p≈hcpsS CShI tbmKØntem at‰sX¶nepw CShI tbmKØntem
AwKambncn°p∂X√mØXpw BIp∂p. Sn AwKsØ
2 3
 `cWLS\
kw_‘n®v taem¬ F¥p sNøWsa∂v CShI
sa{Xmt∏meoØmsb hnImcn Adnbn®v At±lØns‚
tcJmaqeamb Iev]\ A\pkcn®v {]h¿Ønt°≠
XpamIp∂p.
11. ta¬{]Imcw \o°s∏Sp∂ AwKw IpSn»nI
sImSpØtijhpw, ]pXpXmbn tNcp∂ AwKw tN¿∂
tijhpw, aq∂pamkw Ignbp∂Xn\p apºmbn CSh
ItbmKØn¬ thm´psNøp∂Xn\v AhImiap≠m
bncn°p∂X√.
12. hnImcn CShItbmKw hnfn®pIqt´≠Xpw tbmKØn\papºv
c≠p RmbdmgvNIfn¬ ip{iqj kabØv
tbmKsØ∏‰nbpw tbmKØn¬ BtemNnt°≠
hnjbßsf∏‰nbpw hnImcntbm, I¿Ωw A\pjvTn°p∂
]´°mc≥ hnImcnbpsS \ntbmKa\pkcnt®m CSh
]≈nbn¬ hnfn®p ]d™tijw c≠maXp hnfn®p ]d™
RmbdmgvN Xs∂tbm XpS¿∂p≈ GsX¶nepw Znhktam
tbmKw IqtS≠Xpw BIp∂p. CShI tbmKØn¬
kw_‘n°p∂Xn\pw thm´p sNøp∂Xn\pw
A¿lXbp≈hcpsS enÃv CShI tbmKsØ∏‰n hnfn®p
]dbp∂ BZy RmbdmgvN hnImcntbm, hnImcnbpsS
\ntbmKa\pkcn®v sk{I´dntbm, ]≈nbn¬ t\m´okv
t_m¿Un¬ ]Xnt®m a‰p hn[Øntem {]kn≤
s∏SptØ≠XmIp∂p. Bhiyw t\cnSp∂ ]£w
CShItbmKmwK߃°v F√mh¿°pw tcJmaqew
hnImcntbm, hnImcnbpsS \ntbmKa\pkcn®v sk{I´dntbm,
HcmgvNsØ t\m´okv sImSpØv CShItbmKw
IqSmhp∂XmIp∂p. CShIbpsS B`napJyØn¬ a‰p
]≈nItfm Nm∏epItfm Ds≠¶n¬ Ahbn¬ tbmKhnhcw
CShItbmKw \n›bn®n´p≈ hn[Øn¬ Adnbnt°
≠XmIp∂p. CShIsa{Xmt∏meoØmbpsS A\paXntbmSp
IqSn CShIsb hm¿UpIfmbn Xncn®v AXXp
hm¿UpIfnse CShItbmKmwKßfn¬ \n∂v CShI
4 5
`cWLS\
tbmKØnte°v Ht∂m AXne[nItam {]Xn\n[nIsf
sXcs™Sp°mhp∂Xpw {]Xn\n[nIfpsS tbmKw sNøp∂
Xocpam\w CShItbmKØns‚ Xocpam\w Bbncn
°p∂Xpw BIp∂p. CShItbmKØn\p tImdw t\mt°≠
Bhiyan√mØXmIp∂p.
13. B≠n¬ c≠p {]mhiysa¶nepw CShItbmKw
IqtS≠XmIp∂p. hnImcn°v Bhiysa∂p tXm∂p
tºmtgm, amt\PnwKv IΩ‰n Bhiys∏Sptºmtgm,
CShItbmKmwKßfn¬ 100- \v 20 IW°v AwK߃
Bhiys∏Sptºmtgm hnImcn CShItbmKw hnfn®p
Iqt´≠XmIp∂p. Bhiyw t\cn´m¬ Hcp RmbdmgvN
hnfn®p ]dbpItbm, ]dbn°pItbm sNbvX tijw
CShIsa{Xmt∏meoØmbv°v ASpØ GsX¶nepw Znhkw
CShItbmKw hnfn®pIq´mhp∂Xpw Aßs\ IqSp∂
tbmKØn¬ CShIsa{Xmt∏meoØm B≤y£yw
hln°p∂Xpw BIp∂p.
14. AhImiap≈ I£n Bhiys∏Sp∂X\pkcn®v hnImcn
tbmKw hnfn®pIq´mØ ]£w CShI sa{Xmt∏m
eoØmbpsS Xo¿® A\pkcn®v \S∂p sImt≈≠Xpw
BIp∂p.
15. hnImcn CShItbmKØns‚ {]knU≠pw kl]´°m¿
Ds≠¶n¬ Ah¿ sshkv {]knU≠∑mcpw Bbncn
°p∂XmIp∂p. 13-mw hIp∏n¬ ]dbp∂ {]Imcw
CShIsa{Xmt∏meoØmbpw 98-mw hIp∏n¬ ]dbp∂
{]Imcw ae-¶c sa{Xm-t∏meoØmbpw hnfn®p Iq´p∂
sXmgn®p≈ CShItbmKØn¬ hnImcn B≤y£yw
hln°p∂XmIp∂p. GsX¶nepw ImcWhim¬ hnImcn°v
A≤y£w hln°p∂Xn\v kuIcyan√msX hcp∂
Xmbm¬ sshkv {]knU≠∑m¿ lmPcps≠¶n¬ Ahcn¬
Hcmtfm hnImcnbpsS tcJmaqeamb \ntbmKa\pkcn®v
A≤y£w hln°mhp∂XmIp∂p.
 `cWLS\
16. CShItbmKØn\v Hcp sk{I´dn D≠mbncnt°≠Xpw
sk{I´dnsb CShItbmKw sXcs™Spt°≠Xpw
CShItbmKßfpsS an\n‰v k v sk{I´dn FgpXn
kq£nt°≠Xpw BIp∂p. bmsXmcp ImcWhpw
]dbmsX sk{I´dnsb CShIsa{Xmt∏meoØmbpsS
A\paXntbmSpIqSn CShI tbmKØn\p \o°mhp
∂XmIp∂p. CShI sa{Xmt∏meoØm CShI
kµ¿i\m¿∞w ]≈nbn¬ hcptºmƒ CShI
tbmKßfpsS an\n‰vkn¬ ASbmfw hbv]n®psImt≈
≠XmIp∂p.
17. ssIÿm\n, sk{I-´dn, CS-hI amt\-PnwKv IΩ-‰n-bnse
AwK-߃ F∂n-hsc sXc-s™-Sp-°pI, Bh-iy-ap≈
]£w CS-hI - s
- a-{Xm-t∏m-eo-Øm-bpsS A\p-aX- n-tbm-Sp-IqSn
Chsc \o°p-I, X∂m-≠sØ _P‰v ]m m-°pI, IW°p
]cn-tim-[n-°p-∂X- n-\p≈ Bfn-s\tbm, Bfp-Isftbm \n›-
bn-°p-I, Ah-cpsS dnt∏m¿´v N¿® sNøp-I, B≠psX-c´v
]m m-°p-I, ]≈n°v Bh-iy-sa∂p tXm∂p∂ kwK-Xn-I-
sf-°p-dn®v Btem-Nn®v Xocp-am\w sNøpI F∂n-h CS-hI - -
tbm-KØ- ns‚ Npa-Xe - b
- n¬s∏´ kwK-Xn-If
- m-Ip-∂p.
18. CShItbmKØns‚ \n›b߃ At∏mgt∏mƒ hnImcn
CShI sa{Xmt∏meoØmbv°v Ab®psImSp°pItbm
sk{I´dn apJm¥ncw Ab∏n®psImSp°pItbm
sNtø≠XmIp∂p.
19. CShItbmKØns‚ \n›bØn\pta¬ CShI
sa{Xmt∏meoØmbpsS ASp°¬ A∏o¬ sNømhp∂Xpw
A∏o¬ sNøp∂tXmsSm∏w hnImcnsb B hnhcw
tcJmaqew Adnbnt°≠Xpw BIp∂p.
CShItbmKØns‚ \n›btØmSv CShI
sa{Xmt∏meoØm tbmPn°p∂ ]£w CShI
sa{Xmt∏meoØm A∏o¬ X≈n Xocpam\w sNtø≠Xpw
tbmPn°mØ ]£w A∏o¬ In´nbtijw
aq∂pamkØn\Iw CShI sa{Xmt∏meoØm A∏o¬
6 7
`cWLS\
sa{Xmk\ Iu¨knen¬ sIm≠phtc≠Xpw
Iu¨knens‚ BtemN\tbmSp IqSn CShI
sa{Xmt∏meoØm Xocpam\w sNtø≠Xpw BIp∂p.
20. CShI sa{Xmt∏meoØmbv°p bp‡sa∂p
tXm∂p∂]£w A∏o¬ Xo¿®hsc, CShItbmKØns‚
\n›bw \S∏n¬ hcpØm≥ ]mSns√∂p \ntcm[\ Iev]\
Abbv°mhp∂XmIp∂p. F∂m¬ k¶Sap≈ I£n
A∏oeps≠∂v CShItbmKØns‚ \n›bw Ign™v
A©pZnhkØn\Iw hnImcnsb tcJmaqew
Adnbn°mXncn°pItbm, c≠mgvNbv°Iw \ntcm[\
Iev]\ hcmXncn°pItbm sNbvXm¬ CShItbmKØns‚
\n›bw \S∏n¬ hcp∂XmIp∂p.
21. CShItbmKØns‚ Xocpam\w icnbs√t∂m A[nImc
koasb AXnewLn°p∂sXt∂m CShI sa{Xmt∏m
eoØmbv°p t_m[ys∏Sp∂Xmbm¬ A∏o¬ t_m[n
∏n®n´ns√¶nepw ta¬ 19-Dw, 20-Dw hIp∏pIfn¬
hnhcn®n´p≈ \S]SnIƒ Aßs\bp≈ Xocpam\w
kw_‘n®v \SØn Xo¿® sNøp∂Xn\v CShI
sa{Xmt∏meoØmbv°p A[nImcap≈XmIp∂p.
22. ]≈nhI ]WØn¬ Xmsg 122-mw hIp∏n¬ ]dbp∂
hcpam\hoXw \o°nbp≈Xv Xmsg ]dbp∂
Bhiy߃°v Xmsg tN¿Øn´p≈ {Ia{]Imcw
sNehntS≠Xpw AXpIgn®v _m°n D≠mbncp∂m¬ am{Xw
]≈nbpsS a‰mhiy߃°pw k`bpsS Bhiy߃°pw
sNehnSmhp∂XpamIp∂p.
a) ]≈nbnse Ip¿∫m\, s]cp\mƒ, apXemb
ip{iqjIƒ°p≈ \nXys®ehv.
b) ]≈nbpsSbpw ]≈nhI sI´nSßfpsSbpw sI´nta®n¬,
A‰Ip‰∏WnIƒ apXembhbv°p≈ sNehv.
c) hnImcn apXemb ]´°mcpsSbpw I]ymcpsSbpw a‰pw
iºfs®ehv.
 `cWLS\
d) k`m tI{µØnte°pw sa{Xmk\ tI{µØnte°pw
D≈ hcpam\߃.
e) ]≈n hIbmbn \SØp∂ ]≈n°qS߃,
[¿Ωmip]{Xn, A\mYime, kt≠kvIqƒ, {]m¿∞\m
tbmK߃, kphntijthe apXembhbv°p≈ sNehv.
23. ]≈n CS-hI - bv°v ÿmh-ch - k
- X
v p-°ƒ hmßp-It- bm, ]≈n
CS-h-I-bnse ÿmhchkvXp-°ƒ GsX-¶nepw Xodp-sIm-
Sp-°p-Itbm IS-s∏-Sp-Øp-Itbm sNø-Ws - a-∂n-cp-∂m¬ CS-
hI tbmK-Øns‚ \n›-b-a-\p-k-cn®pw CS-hI sa{Xm-t∏m-
eo-Øm-bpsS tcJm-aq-ea- mb kΩ-Xt- ØmSp IqSnbpw hnIm-
cnbpw ssIÿm\nbpw IqSn sNtø-≠X - m-Ip-∂p.
B. CShI amt\PnwKv Iىn
24. Hmtcm CShItbmKØn\pw Hmtcm CShI amt\PnwKv
IΩ‰n D≠mbncnt°≠XmIp∂p.
25. CShI amt\PnwKv IΩ‰nbnse ]´°m¿ Hgn®p≈hsc
CShItbmKw sXcs™Spt°≠Xpw AhcpsS Imemh[n
HcpsIm√w Bbncnt°≠Xpw BIp∂p. Hmtcm
IΩ‰nbnepw ]´°msc IqSmsX A©n¬ IpdbmsXbpw
]Xn\©n¬ IqSmsXbpw AwK߃ D≠mbncn°Ww. Cu
kwJybv°p≈n¬ Hmtcm IΩ‰n°pw F{X AwK߃
thWsa∂v AXXp CShItbmKw Xo¿®s∏Sp
tØ≠XmIp∂p. GsX¶nepw CShIbv°v ]Xn\©n¬
IqSpX¬ IΩ‰n AwK߃ Bhiysa¶n¬ CShI
sa{Xmt∏meoØmbpsS A\paXntbmSpIqSn IqSpX¬
AwKßsf CShI tbmKØn\p sXcs™Sp°m
hp∂XmIp∂p. ta¬ 12-mw hIp∏n¬ ]d™n´p≈ {]Imcw
CShIsb hm¿UpIfmbn Xncn®n´ps≠¶n¬ hm¿Uv
ASnÿm\Øn¬ CShI amt\PnwKv IΩ‰n AwKßsf
CShItbmKØn\p sXcs™Sp°mhp∂XmIp∂p. CShI
amt\PnwKv IΩ‰nbn¬ Hgnhp hcp∂ ]£w
X¬ÿm\tØ°v tijw AwK߃°v CShI
8 9
`cWLS\
tbmKmwKßfn¬ \n∂v sXcs™Sp°mhp∂XmIp∂p.
GsX¶nepw CShIbpsS {]tXyI ]cnXÿnXnbn¬
IΩ‰nbpsS Imemh[n \o´Wsa∂p I≠m¬
CShIsa{Xmt∏meoØmbpsS {]tXyI A\paXn
tbmSpIqSn CShI tbmKØn\v CShI amt\PnwKv
IΩ‰nbpsS Imemh[n aq∂p sIm√w hsc
\o´mhp∂XmIp∂p.
26. hnImcn CS-hI amt\-PnwKv IΩ-‰n-bpsS {]kn-U‚pw, a‰p
]´-°m¿ Ds≠-¶n¬ Ah¿ sshkv {]kn-U-≠-∑m-cpw,
X∂m≠p ssIÿm\nbpw, sk{I-´-dnbpw, Imem-h[n
Ign™p amdn-t∏m-Ip∂ ap∂m≠p ssIÿm\nbpw amt\-
PnwKv IΩ-‰n-bnse AwK-ßfpw Bbn-cn-°p-∂X - m-Ip-∂p.
27. ssIÿm\n, sk{I-´-dn, amt\-PnwKv IΩ-‰n-bn-te°v sXc-
s™-Sp-°-s∏-Sp∂ a‰v AwK-߃ F∂n-h-cpsS sXc-s™-
Sp-∏n-s\-∏‰n tbmK-\-S-]-Sn-bpsS (an-\n-‰vkn-s‚) ]I¿t∏m-Sp-
IqSn hnImcn CS-hI sa{Xm-t∏m-eo-Ømbv°p Hcm-gvN° - Iw
dnt∏m¿´p sNbvXv tcJm-aqew A\p-aXn hcp-tØ-≠Xpw
dnt∏m¿´p sNbvXt- ijw aq∂m-gvN° - Iw CS-hI - s
- a-{Xm-t∏m-
eo-ØmbpsS Iev]\ hcmØ ]£w CS-hI sa{Xm-t∏m-
eoØm Sn sXc-s™-Sp-∏ns\ AwKo-I-cn-®-Xmbn IW-°m-
t°-≠Xpw BIp-∂p.
28. hnImcntbm hnImcnbpsS \ntbmKa\pkcn®v sk{I´dntbm
tcJmaqew t\m´okp sImSpØp IΩ‰ntbmKw
hnfn®pIqt´≠Xpw hnImcn tbmKØn¬ B≤y£yw
hlnt°≠Xpw BIp∂p. GsX¶nepw ImcWhim¬
B≤y£yw hln°p∂Xn\v hnImcn°v kuIcyan√msX
h∂m¬ sshkv {]knU‚∑m¿ Ds≠¶n¬ Ahcn¬
Hcmtfm, C√mØ]£w IΩ‰n AwKßfn¬ Hcmtfm
hnImcnbpsS tcJmaqeamb \ntbmKa\pkcn®v B≤y£yw
hln°mhp∂XmIp∂p.
29. hnIm-cn°v Bh-iy-sa∂p tXm∂p-tºm-tgm, ssIÿm\n
 `cWLS\
Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-tºm-tgm, amt\-PnwKv IΩ-‰n-bnse aq∂n-sem-
cp-`mKw AwK-߃ Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-tºm-tgm, CS-hI sa{Xm-
t∏m-eoØm Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-tºmtgm hnImcn amt\-PnwKv IΩn‰n
hnfn-®p-Iq-t´-≠-Xm-Ip-∂p. B≠n¬ 4 {]mh-iy-Øn¬ Ipd-
bmsX amt\-PnwKv IΩ‰n IqtS-≠-Xm-Ip-∂p. CS-hItbmK-
Øn\v Bh-iy-sa∂p tXm∂p∂ ]£w CS-hI amt\-PnwKv
IΩ-‰n-bpsS tImdw \n›-bn-°m-hp-∂X - m-Ip-∂p.
30. CShItbmKØns‚ sk{I´dn Xs∂ amt\PnwKv
IΩ‰nbpsSbpw sk{I´dnbmbncnt°≠XmIp∂p.
amt\PnwKv IΩ‰n tbmKßfpsS an\n‰vkv sk{I´dn FgpXn
kq£nt°≠Xpw CShI sa{Xmt∏meoØm CShI
kµ¿i\m¿∞w ]≈nbn¬ hcptºmƒ IΩ‰n
tbmKßfpsS an\n‰v k n¬ ASbmfw hbv ] n®psIm
t≈≠Xpw BIp∂p.
31. X∂m-≠sØ _P‰p Xøm-dm°n CS-hI tbmK-Øn¬ lmP-
cm-°p-I, CS-hI- t- bmKw A[n-Im-cs
- ∏-Sp-Øp∂ kwK-Xn-Iƒ
\n¿∆-ln-°p-I. CS-hI - bv°v Bh-iy-sa∂p tXm∂p∂ kwK-
Xn-I-sf-°p-dn®v Btem-Nn®v CS-hI tbmK-Øn-te°v
ip]m¿i sNøp-I, ssIÿm\n lmP-cm-°p∂ Xnc´p ]cn-
tim-[n-°pI F∂nh amt\-PnwKv IΩ‰nbpsS Npa-X-e-
bn¬s]´ tPmen-Iƒ BIp-∂p.
C. ssIÿm\n
32. Hmtcm ]≈n CS-h-Ibv°pw Hmtcm ssIÿm\n D≠m-bn-cn-
t°-≠Xpw hnIm-cn-tbmSp IqSn ssIÿm\n ]≈n-hI
kzØp-°-fpsS ssIÿm\n Bbn-cn-t°-≠Xpw BIp-∂p.
ssIÿm\nsb am‰p-tºmƒ ssIÿm-\hpw Hgn™pt]mIp-
∂-Xm-Ip-∂p. GsX-¶nepw CS-hI
- bv°v Bh-iy-sa-¶n¬ Iq´p-
Ø-c-hm-Zn-Xzap≈ c≠n¬ IqSmsX ssIÿm\nIsf CS-
hI tbmK-Øn\p sXc-s™-Sp-°m-hp-∂X - m-Ip-∂p. ]≈n-°p-
th≠n hyh-lmcw \S-Øp-∂-Xn\v Aflmb ssIÿm\n
am{Xw I£n-tN¿∂m¬ aXn-bm-Ip-∂-Xm-Ip-∂p. (Hcp CS-h-
10
`cWLS\
I-∏-≈n°v c≠p ssIÿm\nIƒ D≈ ]£w Cu `c-W-
L-S\- b- n¬ ssIÿm\nsb-∏‰n ]d-bp-∂Xv Ah¿°p c≠p-
t]¿°pw _m[-Ia - m-bn-cn-°pw.)
33. ssIÿm\nsb CS-h-I-tbmKw sXc-s™-Sp-t°-≠Xpw
ssIÿm\n-bpsS Imem-h[n Hcp sIm√w Bbn-cn-°p-∂Xpw
BIp-∂p.
34. bmsXmcp Imc-Whpw ]d-bmsX CS-hI sa{Xm-t∏m-eo-Øm-
bpsS A\p-a-Xn-tbm-Sp-IqSn ssIÿm\nsb CS-h-I-tbm-K-
Øn\p \o°m-hp-∂X - m-Ip-∂p.
35. ]≈n-hI hchp sNe-hp-I-fpsS IW°v icn-bmbn FgpXn
kq£n-°p-I, CS-hI tbmK-Øn-s‚bpw amt\-PnwKv IΩ-‰n-
bp-sSbpw \n¿t±iw A\p-kc - n®v ]≈n-hI hc-hp-sN-eh
- p-Iƒ
ssIImcyw sNøp-I, Bdp-amkw IqSp-tºmƒ A¿≤-
hm¿jnI sXc´p Xøm-dm°n amt\-PnwKv IΩ-‰n-bn¬ lmP-
cm-°p-I, B≠ns‚ Ah-km-\-Øn¬ X∂m-≠sØ sXc´v
Xøm-dm°n amt\-PnwKv IΩ-‰n-bn¬ lmP-cm-°p-I, AXns‚
tijw Sn sXc´v CS-h-I-tbm-K-Øn¬ lmP-cm-°p-I, F∂n-
h ssIÿm\n-bpsS Npa-X-e-bn¬s∏´ tPmen-Iƒ BIp-
∂p. CS-hI - s
- a-{Xm-t∏m-eoØm CS-hI kµ¿i-\m¿∞w ]≈n-
bn¬ hcp-tºmƒ ]≈n-hI hc-hp-sN-ehp IW°p ]pkvX-
I-ßf - n¬ H∏pw ap{Zbpw hbv]n-t°-≠X - m-Ip-∂p.
36. s]mXptbmKØn¬ ]mkm°nb Xnc´ns‚ c≠p {]XnIƒ
AwKoImcØn\mbn CShIsa{Xmt∏meoØmbv°p hnImcn
Ab®p sImSp°pItbm sk{I´dn apJm¥ncw
Ab∏n®psImSp°pItbm sNtø≠XmIp∂p.
37. Hmtcm ]≈n CS-h-I-bnepw AXXp CS-hI ]≈n-bpsS
ÿmh-cP - w-Ka
- k- z-Øp-°f - psS ]´nI hnh-cn-°p∂ Hcp cPn-
ÿ D≠m-bn-cn-t°-≠Xpw BbXp B≠p-tXmdpw \mf-Xp-
hsc ]q¿Øo-I-cn-°p-Ibpw; ssIÿm\nbpw, hnIm-cnbpw
H∏p-h®v ssIÿm\n kq£n-°p-Ibpw sNtø-≠Xpw, CS-
hI kµ¿i-\m¿∞w CS-hI sa{Xm-t∏m-eoØm ]≈n-bn¬
11
 `cWLS\
hcp-tºmƒ Sn cPn-Ã-dn¬ H∏pw ap{Zbpw hbv]n-®p-sIm-t≈-
≠Xpw BIp-∂p. sk{I-´d - n-bp-sSbpw ssIÿm\n-bpsSbpw
kq£n-∏n-ep≈ X∂m≠p dn°m¿Up-Ifpw hnIm-cn-bpsS
ssIh- i - Ø n- e n- c n- t °≠ dn°m¿Up- I fpw Hgn- ® p≈
dn°m¿Up-Ifpw CS-hI - b
- psS kzØp-°ƒ kw_-‘n-®p≈
{]am-Wß - fpw hnIm-cn-bp-sSbpw ss-Iÿm-\n-bpsSbpw Iq´p-
Ø-ch - m-ZnXz-Øn¬ kq£n-t°-≠X - m-Ip-∂p.
D. hnImcn
38. Hmtcm CShI]≈n°pw Hmtcm hnImcn D≠m
bncnt°≠XmIp∂p. tijap≈ ]´°m¿ hnImcnbpsS
klmbnIƒ Bbncn°p∂XmIp∂p.
39. hnImcn ssIÿm\n-tbmSpIqSn ]≈n-hI kzØp-°-fpsS
ssIÿm\n Bbn-cn-t°-≠X - m-Ip-∂p. ]≈n-hI ]Ww hnIm-
cn-bp-sSbpw ssIÿm\n-bpsSbpw t]cntem Ah-cpsS ]c-
kv]c kΩ-X{- ]-Imcw Ah-cn¬ Bcp-sS-sb-¶nepw t]cntem
\nt£-]n-t°-≠Xpw F∂m¬ CS-hI amt\-PnwKv IΩ‰n
\n›-bn-°p∂ Hcp XpI ssIÿm\n-bpsS ssIhiw h®p-
sIm-≠n-cn°mhp∂-Xp-am-Ip-∂p.
40. hnImcnsbbpw a‰p ]´°mscbpw \nban°p∂Xn\pw
\o°p∂Xn\pw ÿew am‰p∂Xn\pap≈ A[nImcw
CShIsa{Xmt∏meoØmbv°p≈XmIp∂p. hnImcnsb
am‰ptºmƒ hnImcnbpsS ssIÿm\w Hgn™pt]m
Ip∂XmIp∂p.
41. Hcp sa{Xmk\ CShIbn¬s∏´ Hcp ]´°mcs\ thsdmcp
sa{Xmk\ CShIbnte°v am‰Wsa∂ncp∂m¬ B
kwKXn c≠p sa{Xmk\ CShIIfpsSbpw
sa{Xms∏meoØ∑m¿ BtemNn®v Xocpam\nt°
≠XmIp∂p.
42. (\o°w sNbvXp)
43. amtamZokm cPnÿ, hnhml cPnÿ, acW cPnÿ,
12
`cWLS\
CShItbmK cPnÿ, Ipºkmc cPnÿ, F∂nXpIfpw
Chbv°p ]pdsa CShIbnep≈ F√m kv{Xo
]pcpj∑mcpsSbpw t]cp hnhcw ASßnb CShI cPnÃdpw
hnImcnbpsS NpaXebn¬ At∏mgt∏mƒ FgpXn
kq£nt°≠Xpw CShIsa{Xmt∏meoØm CShI
kµ¿i\m¿∞w ]≈nbn¬ hcp∂ Ahkcßfn¬ Ch
At±lsØ ImWn®v ASbmfw hbv]nt°≠XpamIp∂p.
IqSmsX tae[nImcnIfn¬ \n∂p hcp∂ Iev]\Iƒ
apXembhbpsS ^bepIfpw hnImcnbpsS kq£n∏n¬
Ccnt°≠XmIp∂p.
44. ]≈n-bn¬ I¿Ω-Øn\p \nXyw D]-tbm-K-ap≈ PwK-a-߃
hnIm-cn-bpsS kq£n-∏nepw A√m-Øh hnIm-cn-bp-sSbpw
ssIÿm\n-bpsSbpw kq£n-∏nepw Ccn-t°-≠X- m-Ip-∂p.
3. sa{Xmk\ CShI
A. sa{Xmk\ CShItbmKw
45. Hmtcm sa{Xmk\ CShIbv ° pw Hmtcm sa{Xmk\
CShItbmKw D≠mbncnt°≠XmIp∂p.
46. Xmsg]dbp∂h¿ sa{Xmk\ CShI tbmKØnse
AwKßfmbncn°p∂XmWv. ChcpsS Imemh[n A©p
h¿jw Bbncn°p∂XmIp∂p.
a) sa{Xmk\ CShIbn¬s∏´ Hmtcm ]≈n
CShIbn¬\n∂pw CShItbmKØm¬ sXcs™Sp
°s∏Sp∂ Hcp sshZnI≥.
F∂m¬ GsX¶nepw ]≈n CShIbn¬ Hcp sshZnI≥
am{Xsa D≈p F¶n¬ At±lw sXcs™Sp∏p IqSmsX
Xs∂ sa{Xmk\ CShI tbmKØnse sshZnI
{]Xn\n[nbmbncn°p∂XmIp∂p.
b) IqSmsX Xmsg ]d-bpw-hn[w CS-hI tbmK-Ønse
AwKßfpsS kwJy A\p-kc - n®v CS-hI
- t- bm-KØ
- m¬ sXc-
s™-Sp-°-s∏-Sp∂ ]pcp-j-∑m¿ sa{Xm-k\ CS-h-I-tbm-K-
13
 `cWLS\ `cWLS\
Ønse AwK-ßf
- m-bn-cn-°p-∂X
- m-Wv. {]knU≠v Bbncn°p∂Xpw sa{Xmk\ CShI
tbmKØn¬ B≤y£w hln°p∂Xpw BIp∂p.
1) 200 AwK-߃ hsc 1 {]Xn-\n[n
2) 201 apX¬ 500 hsc AwK-߃ 2 {]Xn-\n[nIƒ 50. sa{Xmk\ CShItbmKØn\v Hcp sk{I´dn
3) 501 apX¬ 1000 hsc AwK-߃ 3 {]Xn-\n[nIƒ D≠mbncnt°≠Xpw Sn sk{I´dnsb sa{Xmk\
4) 1001 apX¬ 1500 hsc AwK-߃ 4 {]Xn-\n[nIƒ CShItbmKw sXcs™Spt°≠Xpw Sn sXcs™Sp∏ns\
5) 1501 apX¬ 2000 hsc AwK-߃ 5 {]Xn-\n[nIƒ CShI sa{Xmt∏meoØm ÿncs∏SpØp∂ ]£w BbXp
6) 2001 apX¬ 2500 hsc AwK-߃ 6 {]Xn-\n[nIƒ km[phmbncn°p∂Xpw BIp∂p. bmsXmcp ImcWhpw
7) 2501 apX¬ 3000 hsc AwK-߃ 7 {]Xn-\n[nIƒ ]dbmsX CShI sa{Xms∏meoØmbpsS kΩX
8) 3001 apX¬ 3500 hsc AwK-߃ 8 {]Xn-\n[nIƒ tØmSpIqSn sk{I´dnsb \o°w sNøp∂Xn\v sa{Xmk\
9) 3501 apX¬ 4000 hsc AwK-߃ 9 {]Xn-\n[nIƒ CShItbmKØn\v AhImiap≈XmIp∂p.
10) 4000 \v apI-fn¬ 10 {]Xn-\n[nIƒ 51. sa{Xmk\ CShIbpsS hchp sNehp IW°p icnbmbn
Cu hIp-∏n¬ AwK-߃ F∂p≈Xv 1934-˛se `c-WL - S- \ - b - psS FgpXn kq£n°pI, B≠n¬ Ipd™]£w c≠v
(t`-Z-KXn sNbvX {]Im-cw) 7˛mw hIp-∏n≥ {]Im-c-ap≈ AwK- {]mhiysa¶nepw hchp sNehns‚ sXc´v Xømdm°n
sa{Xmk\ Iu¨knen¬ lmPcm°pI, AXns‚ tijw
ßfmbn-cn-°p∂Xm-Ip-∂p.
Sn sXc´v sa{Xmk\ CShItbmKØn¬ lmPcm°pI,
c) GsX-¶nepw Imc-W-Øm¬ Hcp CS-h-I-bn¬\n-∂p≈ sa{Xmk\ CShItbmKØns‚bpw sa{Xmk\
sa{Xm- k \ CS- h - I - t bm- K mwKØns‚ Hgn- h p- h - ∂ m¬ Iu¨knens‚bpw an\n‰v k v FgpXn kq£n°pI
{]kvXpX- ÿm-\-tØ°v B CS-h-I-tbmKw as‰m-cmsf F∂nXpIƒ sk{I´dnbpsS NpaXebn¬s∏´ tPmenIƒ
sXc-s™-Spt°≠Xpw, Xnc-s™-Sp∏v hnhcw CS-hI - s - a-{Xm- BIp∂p.
t∏m-eo-Øsb tcJm-aqew Adn-bn-t°≠-Xp-am-Ip-∂p.
52. sa{Xmk\ CShItbmKw ]mkm°nb sXc´v A®Sn∏n®v
47. sa{Xmk\ sk{I´dn, sa{Xmk\ Iu¨knense Hcp {]Xn sa{Xmk\ CShIbn¬s∏´ Hmtcm ]≈n°pw,
AwK߃ F∂nhsc sXcs™Sp°pI, sa{Xmk\ Hcp {]Xn ae¶c sa{Xmt∏meoØmbv°pw sk{I´dn
hchpsNehp IW°pIƒ t\m°p∂Xn\p ]cntim[Is\ Ab®psImSpt°≠XmIp∂p.
\nban°pI, ]cntim[Is‚ dnt∏m¿´v hna¿i\w sNøpI,
B≠psXc´v ]mkm°pI, sa{Xmk\Øn\v Bhiysa∂p 53. sa{Xmk\ CShI∏Ww CShIsa{Xmt∏meoØmbpsS
tXm∂p∂ kwKXnIsf°pdn®v BtemNn®v Xocpam\w t]cn¬ \nt£]nt°≠XmIp∂p.
sNøpI F∂nXpIƒ sa{Xmk\ CShItbmKØns‚ 54. sa{Xmk\ CShIbv°v GsX¶nepw ÿmhc hkvXp°ƒ
NpaXebn¬s∏´ tPmenIƒ BIp∂p. hmßpItbm, sa{Xmk\ CShIbnep≈ GsX¶nepw
48. CShI sa{Xmt∏meoØm sa{Xmk\ CShItbmKw ÿmhc hkvXp°ƒ A\ym[o\w sNøpItbm
hnfn®p Iqt´≠XmIp∂p. ISs∏SpØpItbm sNøWsa∂ncp∂m¬ BbXv
sa{Xmk\ CShItbmKØns‚ \n›ba\pkcn®pw ae¶c
49. CShI sa{Xmt∏meoØm sa{Xmk\ CShItbmKØns‚ sa{Xmt∏meoØmbpsS tcJmaqeamb kΩX
14 15
 `cWLS\
tØmSpIqSnbpw CShI sa{Xmt∏meoØmbpw
sk{I´dnbpw IqSn sNtø≠XmIp∂p.
55. sa{Xmk\ CShItbmKw B≠n¬ Hcp {]mhiysa¶nepw
IqtS≠XmIp∂p.
B. sa{Xmk\ Iu¨kn¬
56. Hmtcm CShIbnepw Hmtcm sa{Xmk\Iu¨kn¬
D≠mbncnt°≠XmIp∂p.
57. sa{Xmk\ CShItbmKØns‚ sk{I´dnbpw sa{Xmk\
CShItbmKØm¬ sXcs™Sp°s∏´ c≠v ]´°mcpw
\mev Abv t a\nIfpw Iu¨knense AwK߃
Bbncnt°≠XmIp∂p. ChcpsS Imemh[n A©p
h¿jambncn°pw. Imemh[n°p≈n¬ Iu¨knen¬
GsX¶nepw Hgnhp h∂m¬ ]Icw Bsf \nban°p∂Xn\v
tijap≈ AwK߃°v A[nImcap≈XmIp∂p.
58. sa{Xmk\ CShItbmKØns‚ sk{I´dn Xs∂
Iu¨knens‚ sk{I´dnbpw Bbncnt°≠XmIp∂p.
59. CShI sa{Xmt∏meoØm Iu¨kn¬ hnfn®p Iqt´≠Xpw,
Iu¨kn¬ tbmKØn¬ B≤y£yw hlnt°≠Xpw
BIp∂p. sa{Xmt∏meoØmsb IqSmsX aq∂v AwK߃
D≠mbncp∂m¬ tImdw XnIbp∂XmWv. Ipd™ ]£w
B≠n¬ c≠p {]mhiysa¶nepw sa{Xmk\ Iu¨kn¬
IqtS≠XmIp∂p.
60. GsX¶nepw kwKXn°v sa{Xmk\ CShI∏Ww
sNehnSWsa∂ncp∂m¬, CShI sa{Xmt∏meoØmbpw
sa{Xmk\ Iu¨knense tijw AwKßfpsS
`qcn]£hpw tbmPnt°≠XmIp∂p.
61. sa{Xmk\ CShIbnse hchn\pw sNehn\pw Hcp _P‰v
sa{Xmk\ Iu¨kn¬ Xømdmt°≠Xpw B _P‰n≥
{]Imcap≈ sNehpIƒ am{Xw sk{I´dn sNtø≠Xpw
AXn¬ IqSpXembn Fs¥¶nepw sNehp
16
`cWLS\
sNøWsa∂ncp∂m¬ BbXv Iu¨knens‚
A\paXntbmSpIqSn sNtø≠Xpw, AXymhiyw t\cn´m¬
Iu¨knens‚ A\paXnIqSmsX 10,000 cq]bn¬
IhnbmsX Hcp kwJy CShI sa{Xmt∏meoØmbpsS
Iev]\ {]Imcw sk{I´dn°v sNehnSmhp∂Xpw BIp∂p.
C{]Imcw A\paXnbn√msX sNøp∂ sNehns\
kw_‘n®v ASpØ Iu¨knen¬ {]kvXmhn
t°≠XpamWv.
62. CShI sa{Xmt∏meoØmbpsS Xocpam\Ønt∑¬ ae¶c
sa{Xmt∏meoØmbpsS ASp°¬ A∏o¬ sNømhp∂Xpw
At±lw At±lØns‚ BtemN\m kanXnbn¬ A∏o¬
ImcysØ∏‰n tI´v kanXnbpsS BtemN\tbmSpIqSn
Xocpam\w sNtø≠Xpw BIp∂p. ae¶c
sa{Xmt∏meoØmbv°p bp‡sa∂p tXm∂p∂ ]£w
CShI sa{Xmt∏meoØmbpsS Xocpam\w A∏o¬
Xo¿®hsc \S∏n¬ hcpØm≥ ]mSns√∂v \ntcm[\
Iev]\ Abbv°mhp∂Xpw Sn Iev]\b\pkcn®v CShI
sa{Xmt∏meoØm {]h¿Ønt°≠Xpw BIp∂p.
C. CShI sa{Xmt∏meoØm
63. Hmtcm sa{Xmk\ CShIbv°pw Hmtcm sa{Xmt∏meoØm
D≠mbncnt°≠XmIp∂p.
64. ae¶c Atkmkntbj≥ amt\PnwKv IΩ‰nbpsS
BtemN\tbmSpw ae¶c F∏nkvt°m∏¬ kn\Uns‚
ip]m¿i A\pkcn®pw ImtXmen°m sa{Xmt∏meo
Ø∑m¿°p CShI Xncnt°≠XmIp∂p.
65. hnizmkw, ]´Xzw, Unknπn≥ CXp kw_‘n® kwKXnIƒ
ae¶c F∏nkvtIm∏¬ kp∂ltZmkns‚ \n›b߃°v
A\pkcWambn CShI sa{Xmt∏meoØmbpsS
\nb{¥WØn¬ Ccn°p∂XmIp∂p.
66. CShI sa{Xmt∏meoØ∑m¿ AhchcpsS Iognep≈
CShIIsf kw_‘n®nStØmfw ae¶c sa{Xm
17
 `cWLS\
t∏meoØmbpsS ta¬t\m´Øn¬ `cWw \SØp
∂XmIp∂p.
67. CShI sa{Xmt∏meoØm Xs‚ CShIbnep≈ ]≈nIƒ
kµ¿in°ptºmƒ sNehv AXXp ]≈nbn¬ \n∂p
hlnt°≠XmIp∂p.
68. Hcp CShI sa{Xmt∏meoØmbv°p A\y CShIbnse
Hcmƒ°v B CShIbnse sa{Xmt∏meoØmbpsS
At]£tbm kΩXtam IqSmsX ]´w sImSp°phmt\m
`cWkw_‘ambn A\y CShIbn¬ {]thin®v
Fs¥¶nepw {]h¿Øn°phmt\m AhImi
an√mØXmIp∂p.
69. Hcp CShI sa{Xmt∏meoØmbv ° p acW kabw
acWimk\Øn¬ Dƒs∏SmsX GsX¶nepw kzbm¿
÷nXaps≠¶n¬ BbXv ImtXmen°mbpsS \nb{¥
WØn¬ Ccnt°≠XmIp∂p.
4. ae¶c alm CShI
A. Atkmkntbj≥
70. ae¶c CShIbv°v ‘ae¶c kpdnbm\n {InkvXym\n
Atkmkntbj≥’ F∂ t]cn¬ Hcp Atkmkntbj≥
D≠mbncn°p∂XmWv.
71. Xmsg ]dbp∂h¿ ae¶c kpdn- b m\n {Inkv X ym\n
Atkmkntbj≥ (ae¶c Atkmkntbj≥)
AwKßfmbncn°p∂XmWv. ChcpsS Imemh[n A©p
h¿jw Bbncn°p∂XmWv.
a) \nehnep≈ amt\PnwKv IΩ‰n AwK߃
F∂m¬ amt\PnwKv IΩ‰nbnte°v t\mant\‰v sNøs∏´
AwK߃ Ds≠¶n¬ Ah¿°v ae¶c Atkmkntbj≥
sXcs™Spt°≠ ImtXment°mkns‚tbm, ae¶c
sa{Xmt∏meoØmbpsStbm at‰sX¶nepw ÿm\n
18
`cWLS\
IfpsStbm sXcs™Sp∏n¬ thm´hImiw D≠mbn
cn°p∂X√.
b) Hmtcm ]≈n CShIbn¬ \n∂pw CShI tbmKØm¬
sXcs™Sp°s∏Sp∂ Hcp sshZnI≥.
F∂m¬ GsX¶nepw ]≈n CShIbn¬ Hcp sshZnI≥
am{Xsa D≈psh¶n¬ At±lw sXcs™Sp∏p
IqSmsXXs∂ Atkmkntbj\n¬ sshZnI {]Xn\n[n
bmbncn°p∂XmIp∂p.
c) IqSmsX Xmsg ]d-bpw-hn[w CS-hI tbmK-Ønse
AwKkwJy A\p-kc - n®v CS-hI
- t- bm-KØ- m¬ sXc-s™-Sp-
°-s∏-Sp∂ ]pcp-j-∑m¿ Atkm-kn--tb-j-\nse AwK-ß-fm-
bn-cn-°p-∂X
- m-Wv.
1) 200 AwK-߃ hsc 1 {]Xn-\n[n
2) 201 apX¬ 500 hsc AwK-߃ 2 {]Xn-\n[nIƒ
3) 501 apX¬ 1000 hsc AwK-߃ 3 {]Xn-\n[nIƒ
4) 1001 apX¬ 1500 hsc AwK-߃ 4 {]Xn-\n[nIƒ
5) 1501 apX¬ 2000 hsc AwK-߃ 5 {]Xn-\n[nIƒ
6) 2001 apX¬ 2500 hsc AwK-߃ 6 {]Xn-\n[nIƒ
7) 2501 apX¬ 3000 hsc AwK-߃ 7 {]Xn-\n[nIƒ
8) 3001 apX¬ 3500 hsc AwK-߃ 8 {]Xn-\n[nIƒ
9) 3501 apX¬ 4000 hsc AwK-߃ 9 {]Xn-\n[nIƒ
10) 4000 \v apI-fn¬ 10 {]Xn-\n[nIƒ
Cu hIp-∏n¬ AwK-߃ F∂p≈Xv 1934-˛se `c-WL - S- \
- b
- psS
(t`-Z-KXn sNbvX {]Im-cw) 7˛mw hIp-∏n≥ {]Im-c-ap≈ AwK-
ßfmbn-cn-°p∂Xm-Ip-∂p.
d) GsX-¶nepw Imc-W-Øm¬ Hcp CS-h-I-bn¬\n-∂p≈
At m-kn-tb-j≥ AwKØns‚ Hgn-hp-h-∂m¬ {]kvXpX -
ÿm-\-tØ°v B CS-h-I-tbmKw as‰m-cmsf Xnc-s™-
Spt°≠Xpw, Xnc-s™-Sp∏v hnhcw CS-hI sa{Xm-t∏m-eo-
Ømsb tcJm-aqew Adn-bn-t°≠Xpw, CS-hI sa{Xm-t∏m-
eoØm {]kvXpX hnhcw ae-¶c sa{Xm-t∏m-eo-Ømsb
19
 `cWLS\
tcJm-aqew Adn-bn-t°≠-Xp-am-Ip-∂p.
72. ae¶c sa{Xmt∏meoØm Atkmkntbj≥ {]knU≠pw,
`cWap≈ tijw taev]´°m¿ sshkv {]knU≠∑mcpw
Bbncn°p∂XmIp∂p.
73. Atkmkntbj≥ tbmKØn¬ ae¶c sa{Xmt∏meoØm
B≤y£w hln°p∂Xpw, At±lØn\v kuIcyan√msX
hcptºmƒ At±lØns‚ \ntbmKa\pkcn®v sshkv
{]knU≠∑mcn¬ Hcmfpw, At±lw C√msX hcp∂
AhkcØn¬ sshkv {]knU≠∑mcn¬ ko\nb¿
sa{Xmt∏meoØmbpw A≤y£w hln°p∂XmIp∂p. Cu
LS\bn¬ ko\nb¿ sa{Xmt∏meoØm F∂ ]ZØn\v
sshkv {]knU≠∑mcn¬ G‰hpw {]mbw IqSnb
sa{Xmt∏meoØm F∂ A¿∞ap≈XmIp∂p.
74. {]knU≠p sa{Xmt∏meoØm Atkmkntbj≥ hnfn®p
Iq´p∂Xpw At±lw C√msX hcp∂ AhkcØn¬
sshkv {]knU≠∑mcn¬ c≠p t]¿t°m, Ah¿
hnfn®pIq´mØ]£w amt\PnwKv IΩ‰n AwKßfn¬
]IpXn AwK߃t°m Atkmkntbj≥ hnfn®p
Iq´mhp∂Xpw BIp∂p.
75. Atkmkntbj\v Hcp sk{I´dn D≠mbncnt°≠Xpw, B
sk{I´dnsb Atkmkntbj≥ amt\PnwKv IΩ‰n
sXcs™Spt°≠Xpw, Sn sXcs™Sp∏ns\ ae¶c
sa{Xmt∏meoØm ÿncs∏SpØp∂ ]£w BbXv
km[phmbncn°p∂Xpw BIp∂p. bmsXmcp ImcWhpw
]dbmsX sk{I´dnsb \o°w sNøp∂Xn\v
Atkmkntbj≥ amt\PnwKv IΩ‰n°v AhImi
ap≈XmIp∂p.
76. kapZmbw hI ÿmhc PwKaßfpsS Hcp cPnÿ
D≠mbncnt°≠Xpw BbXv B≠ptXmdpw \mfXphsc
ae¶c sa{Xmt∏menØmsb sIm≠pw IΩ‰n AwKßfn¬
c≠p t]scs°m≠pw H∏nSphn®v sk{I´dn
20
`cWLS\
kq£nt°≠Xpw BIp∂p.
77. kapZmb kzØp°fpsS BZmbØns‚bpw ae¶c CShI
hcpam\Øns‚bpw hchp sNehp IWs°gpXn
kq£n°pI, amt\PnwKv IΩ‰n IqSp∂ AhkcØn¬
AXphscbp≈ IW°ns‚ sXc´v Xømdm°n IΩ‰nbn¬
lmPcm°pI, Atkmkntbjs‚bpw amt\PnwKv
IΩ‰nbpsSbpw an\n‰vkv FgpXn kq£n°pI F∂nh
sk{I´dnbpsS NpaXebn¬s∏´ tPmenIƒ BIp∂p.
B. Atkmkntbj≥ amt\PnwKv IΩ‰n
78. Atkmkntbj\v Hcp amt\PnwKv IΩ‰n D≠mbn
cn°p∂XmIp∂p.
79. Atkmkntbj≥ sk{I´dnsbbpw kapZmb {SÃnIsfbpw
IqSmsX Atkmkntbj\m¬ sXcs™Sp°s∏Sp∂ 43
]´°mcpw 86 Abvta\nIfpw amt\PnwKv IΩ‰n AwK߃
Bbncn°p∂XmIp∂p. amt\PnwKv IΩ‰n AwKßfpsS
Imemh[n 5 sIm√w Bbncn°p∂XmIp∂p. amt\PnwKv
IΩ‰nbnse AwKßfpsS FÆw bp‡wt]mse
Atkmkntbj\v A[nIs∏SpØmhp∂XmIp∂p.
Imemh[n°p≈n¬ amt\PnwKv IΩ‰nbn¬ GsX¶nepw
Hgnhp≠mIp∂Xmbm¬ ]Icw Bfns\ \nban°p∂Xn\v
tijw AwK߃°v AhImiap≈XmIp∂p.
Bhiysa∂p tXm∂p∂ ]£w ae¶c sa{Xmt∏m
eoØmbv°v 30 t]cn¬ A[nIs∏SmsX BfpIsf (10
]´°mcpw 20 Abvta\nIfpw) AwKßfmbn
\nban°mhp∂XmIp∂p. amt\PnwKv IΩ‰nbnse
AwKßfpsS FÆw Atkmkntbj≥ A[nIs∏
SpØptºmƒ ae¶c sa{Xmt∏meoØm t\mant\‰p sNøp∂
AwKßfpsS FÆhpw A[nIs∏SptØ≠XmIp∂p.
80. ae¶c sa{Xmt∏meoØm amt\PnwKv IΩ‰nbpsS
{]knU≠pw `cWap≈ tijw sa{Xm∑m¿ sshkv
{]knU≠∑mcpw Bbncn°p∂XmIp∂p.
21
 `cWLS\
81. ae¶c sa{Xmt∏meoØm Atkmkntbj≥ amt\PnwKv
IΩ‰n hnfn®pIq´p∂Xpw tbmKØn¬ B≤y£yw
hln°p∂Xpw BIp∂p. ae¶c sa{Xmt∏meoØm
C√msX hcp∂ Ahkcßfn¬ sshkv {]knU≠∑mcn¬
c≠pt]¿t°m, Ah¿ hnfn®p Iq´mØ ]£w IΩ‰n
AwKßfn¬ ]IpXn AwK߃t°m IΩ‰n hnfn®p
Iq´mhp∂Xpw Aßs\ hnfn®p Iq´p∂ AhkcØn¬
sshkv {]knU≠∑mcn¬ ko\nb¿ sa{Xmt∏meoØm
B≤y£yw hln°p∂Xpw BIp∂p. Ipd™ ]£w
B≠n¬ c≠p {]mhiysa¶nepw Atkmkntbj≥
amt\PnwKv IΩ‰n IqtS≠XmIp∂p.
82. Atkmkntbj≥ sk{I´dn IΩ‰n sk{I´dnbpw
Bbncn°p∂XmIp∂p.
83. GsX¶nepw kwKXn°v ae¶c CShIbpsS ]Ww
sNehmt°≠nbncp∂m¬ ae¶c F∏nkv t °m∏¬
kn\Uns‚ `qcn]£hpw amt\PnwKv IΩ‰nbnse
taev ] ´°m¿ Hgn®p≈ AwKßfpsS `qcn]£hpw
tbmPnt°≠XmIp∂p.
84. kapZmbw hI hchn\pw sNehn\pw B≠ns‚
Bcw`Øn¬ Hcp _P‰v IΩ‰n°m¿ Xømdmt°≠Xpw
AXn¬ IqSpX¬ GsX¶nepw sNehp sNtø≠n h∂m¬
BbXp IىnbpsS A\paXntbmSpIqSn Bbncn
t°≠Xpw AXymhiyw t\cn´m¬ B≠n¬ Hcp e£w
cq]bn¬ IhnbmsXbp≈ Hcp kwJy ae¶c
sa{Xmt∏meoØmbv°v sNehp sNømhp∂Xpw
Cßs\bp≠mIp∂ sNehns\ kw_‘n®v ASpØ
IΩ‰nbn¬ {]kvXmhnt°≠Xpw BIp∂p.
85. kapZmbØnte°v GsX¶nepw hkvXp hmßpItbm,
kapZmbw hI GsX¶nepw hkvXp A\ym[o\
s∏SpØpItbm ISs∏SpØpItbm sNøWsa∂ncp∂m¬
amt\PnwKv IΩ‰nbpsSbpw, ae¶c F∏nkv t Im∏¬
22
`cWLS\
kn\Uns‚bpw `qcn]£m`n{]mb{]Imcw Xocpam\w
sNømhp∂Xpw Iq´p {SÃn¬ Dƒs∏´ hkvXphmsW¶n¬
ae¶c sa{Xmt∏meoØmbpw Iq´p {SÃnIfpw, ae¶c
sa{Xmt∏meoØmbpsS {SÃn¬ Dƒs∏´XmsW¶n¬
sa{Xmt∏meoØm X\n®pw {]amWsagptX≠Xpw
BIp∂p.
86. hnZym`ymkw, ss^\m≥kv, apXembn k`bv°v
Bhiyap≈ kwKXnIƒ°v ae¶c F∏nkvt°m∏¬
kn\Uns‚ A\paXntbmSpIqSn amt\PnwKv IΩ‰n°v k_v
IΩ‰nIsf \nban°mhp∂XmIp∂p. C{]Imcw
\nban°s∏Sp∂ Hmtcm k_vIΩ‰nbpsSbpw {]knU≠v
Hcp taev]´°mc≥ Bbncnt°≠XmIp∂p.
87. Atkmkntbj≥ amt\PnwKv IΩ‰n°v ]Øn¬ IqSmsX
AwKßfp≈ Hcp {]h¿ØIkanXn (Working Committee)
D≠mbncnt°≠Xpw B kanXn Atkmkntbj≥
amt\PnwKv IΩ‰nbpsS \n›b߃ A\pkcn®p
kwKXnIƒ \SØp∂XpamIp∂p. AXymhiyL´Øn¬
amt\PnwKv IΩ‰nbpsS A\paXn {]Xo£n®v amt\PnwKv
IΩ‰n°pth≠n Bhiyamb kwKXnIƒ {]h¿ØI
kanXn°v sNømhp∂Xpw Aßs\ sNøp∂ Imcy߃
amt\PnwKv IΩ‰nsb Adnbn®v A\paXn hmtß≠Xpw
BIp∂p. Cu kanXnbpsS {]knU≠v ae¶c
sa{Xmt∏meoØm Bbncn°p∂Xpw BIp∂p. ae¶c
F∏nkvtIm∏¬ kn\Un\m¬ sXcs™Sp°s∏Sp∂ Hcp
taev]´°mc\pw kapZmb {SÃnIfpw Atkmkntbj≥
sk{I´dnbpw Cu kanXnbnse AwKßfmbncn°p∂Xpw
tijap≈ AwKßsf ChcpsS BtemN\tbmSpIqSn
ae¶c sa{Xmt∏meoØm \nban°p∂Xpw BIp∂p.
Cßs\bp≈ {]h¿ØIkanXn AwKßfmbn
\nban°s∏Sp∂h¿ amt\PnwKv IΩ‰n AwKßf√msX
h∂m¬ Ah¿ kanXnbnse AwK-ßf - m-bn-cn-°p-∂n-St- Ømfw
Imew amt\-PnwKv IΩ‰n AwKßfmbncn°p∂XmIp∂p.
23
 `cWLS\
88. ta¬ 87-mw hIp∏n¬ ]dbp∂ {]h¿ØIkanXn ae¶c
sa{Xmt∏meoØmbpsS BtemN\m kanXnIqSn
Bbncn°p∂XmIp∂p.
89. Atkmkntbj≥ sk{I´dn ae¶c sa{Xmt∏meoØmbpsS
BtemN\mkanXnbpsSbpw sk{I´dn Bbncn°p∂
XmIp∂p.
90. ae¶c sa{Xmt∏meoØmbv°v Hcp Akn v
D≠mbncn°mhp∂Xpw B Akn ns\ Atkmkn
tbj≥ sXcs™SpØn´n√mØ ]£w ae¶c
sa{Xmt∏meoØm t\mant\‰p sNøp∂Xpw BIp∂p. Sn
Akn v, amt\PnwKv IΩ‰nbnepw {]h¿ØI
kanXnbnepw FIvkv H^ntjym saº¿ Bbncn°p∂Xpw
BIp∂p.
C. kapZmb {SÃnIƒ
91. ae¶c sa{Xms∏meoØmtbmSpIqSn h´n∏Ww, tIm´bw
kpdnbm\n skan-\mcn F∂nXpIfpsSbpw CXpIfn¬
\n∂p≠mbn´p≈Xpw D≠mIp∂Xpamb BZmbØns‚bpw
{SÃnIfmbn c≠pt]¿ D≠mbncn°p∂Xpw, AXn¬ Hcmƒ
]´°mc\pw at‰ Bƒ Abvta\nbpw Bbncnt°≠Xpw
BIp∂p.
92. ta¬]d™h Hgn®p≈ kapZmb kzØp°sf
kw_‘n®p {]tXyI hyhÿIƒ C√mØ]£w
AhbpsS {SÃn ae¶csa{Xmt∏meoØm Bbncn
°p∂XmIp∂p.
93. Iq´p {SÃnIsf Atkmkntbj≥ sXcs™
Sp°p∂XmIp∂p. Iq´p {SÃnIfpsS Imemh[n Iq´p
{SÃnIsf sXcs™Sp°p∂ Atkmkntbjs‚
Imemh[nhsc am{Xambncn°p∂XmIp∂p. F∂m¬ Hcp
{SÃnbpsS Hm^okv ASpØ {SÃnsb \nbam\pkrXw
sXcs™SpØv Nm¿s÷Sp°p∂Xphsc XpScp∂XmWv.
24
`cWLS\
bmsXmcp ImcWhpw ]dbmsX Iq´p {SÃnIsf am‰n thsd
{SÃnIsf B°p∂Xn\v Atkmkntbj\v A[nIm
cap≈XmIp∂p.
D. ae¶c sa{Xmt∏meoØm
94. ae¶cbpsS euInIhpw sshZnIhpw Bflobhpamb
`cWØns‚ {][m\ `mchmlnXzw Cu LS\bv°p
hnt[bambn ae¶c sa{Xmt∏meoØmbn¬
\n£n]vXambn´p≈XmIp∂p.
95. GsX¶nepw CShIbv ° v CShIsa{Xmt∏meoØm
C√mXncp∂m¬ B CShI ae¶c sa{Xmt∏meoØmbpsS
t\cn´p≈ `cWØnencn°p∂XmIp∂p.
96. ae¶c k`bnse sa{Xmk\ CShIIfpsS {]tXyI
hIb√mØ s]mXp ÿm]\߃ apXembh ae¶c
sa{Xmt∏meoØmbpsS t\cn´p≈ ta¬t\m´Øn¬
Ccn°p∂XpamIp∂p.
97. ae¶c sa{Xmt∏meoØmsb B ÿm\tØ°v
Atkmkntbj≥ sXcs™Spt°≠XmIp∂p.
98. ImtXmen°m, ae¶c sa{Xmt∏meoØm ÿm\w IqSn
hln°p∂XmIp∂p. ae¶c sa{Xmt∏meoØm F∂
\nebn¬ At±lw Atkmkntbjs‚bpw amt\PnwKv
IΩ‰nbpsSbpw {]knU≠pw, kapZmb kzØp°fpsS
sa{Xmt∏meoØm {SÃnbpw Bbncn°p∂XmIp∂p.
ae¶cbp≈ F√m ]≈nIfpw HutZymKnIambn ae¶c
sa{Xmt∏meoØmbv°v kµ¿in°mhp∂Xpw Bhiysa∂p
tXm∂nbm¬ CShI sa{Xmt∏meoØmsb hnhcw Adnbn®v
]≈n CShI tbmKhpw, sa{Xmk\ CShI tbmKhpw
hnfn®p Iq´mhp∂Xpw BIp∂p. ImtXmen°mbpw ae¶c
sa{Xmt∏meoØmbpw, c≠v hy‡nIfmbn hcptºmƒ
AhcpsS A[nImcmhImi߃ kw_‘n®v Bhiyamb
hyhÿIƒ sNtø≠XmIp∂p.
25
 `cWLS\
5. ImtXmen°m
99. ae¶c Dƒs∏´ ]uckvXy Hm¿ØtUmIvkv kpdnbm\n
k`bn¬ 1912 -¬ ImtXmen°m knwlmk\w
]p\:ÿm]n°s∏´n´p≈Xpw A∂p apX¬ Cu ÿm]\w
]uckvXy Hm¿ØtUmIvkv kpdnbm\n k`bn¬ hym]cn®p
hcp∂XpamIp∂p.
100. taev]´°msc hmgn°pI, F∏nkvt°m∏¬
kp∂ltZmkn¬ B≤y£yw hln°pI, kp∂l
tZmkns‚ \n›bßsf {]Jym]n°pIbpw \S∏n¬
hcpØpIbpw sNøpI, kp∂ltZmkns‚
{]Xn]pcpjs\∂ \nebn¬ `cWw \SØpI, aqtdm≥
IqZmi sNøpI F∂nh ImtXmen°mbpsS
A[nImcØn¬s∏´hbmIp∂p.
6. ]m{Xnb¿°okv
101. ImtXmen°mbpsS klIcWtØmSpIqSn Imt\m
\nIambn hmgn°s∏Sp∂ ]m{Xnb¿°okns\ ae¶c k`
AwKoIcn°p∂XmIp∂p.
7. F∏nkvtIm∏¬ kn\Uv
102. ae¶c Hcp F∏nkv t Im∏¬ kn\Uv D≠mbncn°p
∂XmIp∂p.
103. ae¶c Hm¿ØtUmIv k v kpdnbm\n k`bn¬ k`m
`cWLS\ {]Imcw AwKoIcn°s∏Sp∂ F√m
ta¬∏´°mcpw Cu kn\Uns‚ AwKßfm
bncn°p∂XmWv.
104. ImtXmen°m kn\Uns‚ {]knU≠mbncn°p∂XmIp∂p.
105. ImtXmen°m kn\Uv hnfn®p Iq´p∂Xpw kn\Un¬
A≤y£w hln°p∂Xpw BIp∂p.
`cWLS\
106. ImtXmen°m C√msX hcp∂ AhkcØntem,
ImtXmen°mbpsS t]cn¬ ]cmXn D≠mbm¬ AtX∏‰n
BtemNn°p∂Xn\v ImtXmen°m kn\Uv hnfn®pIq´mØ
AhkcØntem ko\nb¿ sa{Xmt∏meoØm kn\Uv
hnfn®pIq´p∂Xpw kn\Un¬ A≤y£w hln°p∂Xpw
BIp∂p.
107. hnizmkw, ]´Xzw, Unknπn≥, (Faith, Order, Discipline)
F∂nXpIsf kv]¿in°p∂ kwKXnIsf kw_‘n®v
Xocpam\w sNøp∂Xn\v F∏nkv t Im∏¬ kn\Un\v
A[nImcap≈XmIp∂p. CXnte°mbn kn\Uv IqSptºmƒ
BtemN\bv°mbn kn\Un\v Bhiysa∂p
tXm∂p∂hsc sXcs™Sp°mhp∂XmIp∂p.
108. k`bpsS hnizmkßsf t`Zs∏SpØp∂Xn\v B¿°pw
Xs∂ AhImian√mØXmIp∂p. F∂m¬ hnizmkw
C∂XmsW∂p≈Xns\ kw_‘n®v X¿°ap≠mbm¬
ta¬ {]kvXmhn® F∏nkvtIm∏¬ kn\Un\p Xocpam\w
sNømhp∂Xpw, CXns‚ Ahkm\ Xocpam\w BIam\
kp∂ltZmkn\v Ccn°p∂Xpw BIp∂p.
109. sshZnI hnZym`ymkw, anj≥ the, kt≠kv I qƒ
apXemb kwKXnIƒ°v Atkmkntbj≥ amt\PnwKv
IΩ‰nbpsS BtemN\tbmSpIqSn F∏nkv t Im∏¬
kn\Un\p k_v IΩ‰nIsf \nban°mhp∂XmIp∂p.
8. ]´wsImS
A. siΩmi∑mcpw Iioi∑mcpw
110. sshZnI ÿm\m¿∞n Un{Kn ]co£sb¶nepw
]m mbh\mbncn°Ww.
111. ]´w In´Wsa∂v B{Kln°p∂h¿ CShI
s]mXptbmKØns‚ ip]m¿itbmSpIqSntbm kz¥
\nebntem CShI sa{Xmt∏meoØmbpsS ASp°¬
At]£nt°≠Xpw At±lw At\zjWw \SØn

26 27
 `cWLS\
hntcm[ans√∂p tXm∂p∂ ]£w Ahsc ae¶c
sa{Xmt∏meoØmbpsS ASp°te°v Abbvt°≠Xpw
At±lw Ahsc kuIcyw t]mse kapZmbw hI sshZnI
skan\mcnbnte°v Abbv t °≠Xpw Bhiyap≈
sshZnI ]T\Øn\ptijw ]´XzØn\p tbmKy∑mcmsW∂v
skan\mcn {]n≥kn∏mƒ k¿´n^n°‰v sImSp°p∂Xmbm¬
CShI sa{Xmt∏meoØmtbm, ae¶c sa{Xmt∏m
eoØmtbm bp‡w t]mse Ah¿°p ]´w sImSp°p∂Xpw
BIp∂p. F∂m¬ aq∂p h¿jsØ sshZnI
]T\Øn\ptijw skan\mcn {]n≥kn∏mfns‚
k¿´n^n°‰v D≈ ]£w tImdqtbm ]´w sImSp°mhp
∂XmIp∂p.
B. taev]´°m¿
112. ae¶cbv ° v Bhiyap≈ F∏nkv t Im∏∑mscbpw
sa{Xmt∏meoØ∑mscbpw F∏nkvtIm∏¬ kn\Uns‚
klIcWtØmSpIqSn ImtXmen°m hmgn°p∂XmIp∂p.
Hcp F∏nkvt°m∏mtbtbm, sa{Xmt∏meoØmtbtbm
hmgn°ptºmƒ, hmgn°s∏Sp∂ taev]´°mc≥ kn\Uns‚
A≤y£\mb ImtXmen°mbv°p i¬aqskm
FgpXnhbvt°≠XmIp∂p. C{]Imcw hmgn°s∏Sp∂
taev]´°mc\v ÿmØnt°m≥ ImtXmen°m
sImSp°p∂XmIp∂p.
113. Hcmƒ°v F∏nkvtIm∏m Btbm sa{Xmt∏meoØm Btbm
]´w sImSp°Wsa¶n¬ B Bsf B ÿm\tØ°v
Atkmkntbj≥ sXcs™Spt°≠Xpw B
sXcs™Sp∏ns\ F∏nkvtIm∏¬ kn\Uv AwKoIcn°p∂
]£w kn\Uns‚ klIcWtØmSpIqSn Imt\m≥
\n_‘\ A\pkcn®v ImtXmen°m B Bfn\p ]´w
sImSpt°≠Xpw BIp∂p. sXcs™Sp∏n\v
Atkmkntbj\n¬ lmPcp≈ ]´°mcpsSbpw
Aflmb°mcpsSbpw {]tXyIw {]tXyIw `qcn]£w
28
`cWLS\
D≠mbncnt°≠XmIp∂p.
114. Hcmsf ImtXmen°m Bbn hmgn°Wsa¶n¬ B Bsf
B ÿm\tØ°v Atkmkntbj≥ sXcs™
Spt°≠Xpw B sXcs™Sp∏ns\ F∏nkvtIm∏¬ kn\Uv
AwKoIcn°p∂]£w kn\Uv B Bfns\ ImtXmen°m
Bbn hmgnt°≠Xpw BIp∂p. ae¶c k`bm¬
kzoIcn°s∏´ ]m{Xnb¿°okv Ds≠¶n¬,
ImtXmen°msb hmgn°p∂ AhkcØn¬
]m{Xnb¿°okns\bpw £Wnt°≠Xpw ]m{Xnb¿°okv
hcp∂ ]£w kn\Uns‚ {]knU≠v F∂ \nebn¬
kn\Uns‚ klIcWtØmSpIqSn ImtXmen°msb
hmgnt°≠Xpw BIp∂p.
9. ]cmXnIfpw hn[nIfpw
115. Hcp Abv t a\nbpsStbm, siΩm»s‚tbm, I»oim
bpsStbm t]cnep≈ ]cmXn Ah¿ GXp sa{Xm-k\ CS-
h-Ib
- n¬ Dƒs∏-´n-cn-°p-∂pthm B sa{Xm-k\ CS-hI - b
- psS
sa{Xm-s∏m-eoØm-bpsS ASp-°¬ th≠-Xm-Ip-∂p.
116. sa{Xmt∏meoØm B ]cmXn sa{Xm-k\ Iu¨kn-en¬
sIm≠p-ht- c-≠Xpw Ccp I£n-Iƒ°pw t\m´okv sImSpØv
Ah-cpsS sXfn-hp-Iƒ hmßn hmZw tI´-Xn-\p-tijw
Iu¨kn-ense AwK-ß-fpsS Btem-N-\-tbm-Sp-IqSn Xocp-
am\w sNtø≠Xpw BIp-∂p. Cßs\ Xocp-am\w sNøp-
∂-Xp-hsc bp‡-sa∂p tXm∂p∂ \S-]-Sn-Iƒ CS-h-I-sa-
{Xmt∏meo-Ømbv°p X\n®p kzoI-cn-°m-hp-∂X - m-Ip-∂p.
117. CS-hI sa{Xm-t∏m-eo-Øm-bpsS Xocp-am-\Ø
- n-t∑¬ ae-¶c
sa{Xm-t∏meo-Øm-bpsS ASp-°¬ A∏o¬ sNøm-hp-∂Xpw
At±lw A∏o¬ F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ kn\-Un¬ sIm≠p-ht- c-
≠Xpw Ccp I£nIƒ°pw t\m´okv sImSpØv Ah-cpsS
hmZw tI´-Xn-\p-tijw F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ kn\-Unse AwK-
ß-fpsS `qcn-]-£m-`n-{]m-b-{]-Imcw hn[n {]kvXm-hn-
29
 `cWLS\ `cWLS\
t°≠Xpw BIp-∂p. CXn-te-°mbn F∏n-kvt°m-∏¬ ®p-sIm-Sp-t°-≠X - p-am-Ip∂p.
kn\Up IqSp∂ Ah-k-c-Øn¬ amt\-PnwKv IΩ-‰n-bnse 121. ]≈n hcp-am-\ß - f - p-sSbpw ]´-Xz-hc
- p-am-\ß- f- p-sSbpw \nc°p
AwK-ßf - n¬ Bh-iy-sa-∂p-tXm-∂p-∂h - sc Btem-N\ - ° - m- apX-em-bh F∏n-ktv Im-∏¬ kn\-Uns‚ A\p-aX - n-tbm-Sp-IqSn
cmbn £Wn-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Ip-∂p. ta¬ 62-mw hIp-∏n¬ ]d- amt\-PnwKv IΩ-‰n°v \n›-bn-°m-hp-∂X - m-Ip-∂p.
bp-∂ {]Imcw CS-hI - s - a-{Xm-t∏meo-Øm-bpsS Xocp-am-\Ø - n-
t∑¬ ae-¶c sa{Xm-t∏m-eo-Ømbv°v \ntcm-[\ Iev]\ 122. Hcp ]≈n-bpsS kzØp-°-fpƒs∏sS B≠p-tXm-dp-ap≈
Ab-bv°m-hp-∂X - m-Ip-∂p. samØw hcp-am-\Ø - n¬ BZysØ 500 cq]mbv°v 10 iX-am-
\hpw ]n∂oSv 500 cq]m apX¬ 1500 cq]m-hsc 5 iX-am-
118. taev]´- ° - m-cpsS t]cn-ep≈ ]cmXn F∏n-kvt°m-∏¬ kn\- \hpw 1500 cq]mbv°v taep≈ XpIbv°v 2.5 iX-am-\hpw
Uns‚ {]kn-U≠ - ns‚ ASp-°¬ sIm≠p-ht- c-≠Xpw {]kn- B≠p-tXmdpw ae-¶c sa{Xmt∏meo-Ømbv°v Ab-®p-sIm-
U≠v AXns\ kn\-Un¬ sIm≠p-h-tc≠pw Ccp-I-£n- Sp-t°-≠X - m-Ip-∂p. GsX-¶nepw ]≈n-bpsS ta¬{]-Im-ca - p≈
Iƒ°pw t\m´okv sImSpØv sXfn-sh-SpØv hmZw tI´-Xn- iX-am\w ]Øp cq]-bn¬ Ipd-hm-sW-¶n¬ ]Øp cq]-bn¬
\p-tijw kn\-Uns‚ `qcn-]£ - m-`n-{]m-b{- ]-Imcw {]kn-U≠v Ipd-bmsX Cu C\-Øn¬ B ]≈n-bn¬ \n∂pw ae-¶c
hn[n {]kvXm-hn-t°-≠Xpw BIp-∂p. ]cmXn ImtXm-en-°m- sa{Xmt∏m-eo-Ømbv°v Ab®p sImSp-t°-≠X - m-Ip-∂p.
sb-∏‰- n-bm-sW-¶n¬ ae-¶c k`-bm¬ kzoI-cn-°s - ∏´ ]m{Xn-
b¿°o-kp-s≠-¶n¬ ]m{Xn-b¿°o-kn-s\-°qsS £Wn-t°- 123. Cßs\ In´p∂ XpI-bn¬ 10 \v 4 hoXw CS-h-I-sa-{Xm-
≠Xpw At±lw hcp-∂] - £w kn\-Uns‚ {]kn-U≠v Bbn- t∏m-eo-Ømbv°pw 2 hoXw sa{Xm-k\ CS-hI ^≠n-te-
cn-°p-∂Xpw hcm-Ø] - £w kn\Uv hn[n Iev]n-°p-∂X - p-am- bv°pw, 1 hoXw ae-¶c sa{Xm-t∏meo-Øm-bv°pw, 3 hoXw
Ip-∂p. Ch-bv°mbn IqSp∂ kn\-Un¬ Btem-N\ - b
- v°mbn ae-¶c CS-hI ^≠n-te°pw ae-¶c sa{Xmt∏m-eoØm
Atkm-kn-tb-j≥ amt\-PnwKv IΩ-‰n-bnse AwK-ß-fn¬ hoXn-®p-sIm-Sp-t°-≠X - m-Ip-∂p.
Bh-iy-sa∂p tXm∂p-∂h - sc £Wn-°m-hp-∂X - m-Ip-∂p.
119. taev]´- °- msc kw_-‘n-®p≈ hnNm-cW \S-°p∂ Ah-k- 11. k\ym-km-{i-a-߃
c-Øn¬ Imt\m-\nepw thZ-im-k{v X-Ønepw hnZ-K[ v X kn≤n- 124. k\ym-km-{i-aß- tfm AXp-t]m-ep≈ ÿm]-\ß
- tfm F∏n-
®n-´p≈ c≠p-t]-scbpw \nba ]cn-⁄m-\-ap≈ c≠p-t]- kvt°m-∏¬ kn\-Uns‚ A\p-a-Xn-tbmSp IqSn am{Xw XpS-
scbpw Btem-N\ - b
- ° v mbn £Wn-°m-hp-∂X - m-Ip-∂p. Ch¿ tß-≠Xpw AXp-Iƒ F∏n-kvt°m-∏¬ kn\-Un\v Iogvs∏-
ae-¶c Hm¿Ø-tUmIvkv kpdn-bm-\n-k-`-bnse AwK-߃ ´n-cn-°p-∂Xpw BIp-∂p.
Bbn-cn-t°-≠X - m-Ip-∂p.
125. Sn ÿm]-\-ß-fnse AwK-ß-fn¬ Bsc-¶n-eptam F√m-h-
10. hcp-am\w cptam Cu k` hn´v A\y-k-`-bn-te°p t]mIp-∂-Xm-bm¬
Ah¿°v Sn ÿm]-\-ß-fn-t∑epw Ah-bpsS kzØp-°-fn-
120. 21 hbkv {]mbw XnI™ F√m CS-hI - mw-Kß
- f
- n¬ \n∂pw t∑epw D≈ Ah-Imiw \in-®p-t]m-Ip-∂Xpw Sn ÿm]-\-
B≠n¬ A©p cq] hoXw dniokm Hmtcm ]≈n-bn-sebpw ßfpw kzØp-°fpw Cu k` hI-bmbn F∂pw Ccn-°p-∂-
hnIm-cn ]ncn-t°-≠-Xpw, BbXv ImtXm-en-°mbv°v Ab- Xp-am-Ip-∂p.
30 31
 `cWLS\ `cWLS\
12. dqƒ IΩ‰n ÿm\tam hym]-cn-°p-∂X - m-Ip-∂p.
131. GsX-¶nepw Hcp IΩ-‰n-bnse sXc-s™-Sp-°-s∏´ AwK-
126. Cu `c-WL - S- \
- b
- n¬ Ime-ÿnXn A\p-kc - n®pw kuIcyw
߃ XpS¿®-bmbn aq∂p tbmK-ßf - n¬ X°-Xmb ImcWw
A\p-kc - n®pw Bh-iy-ambn hcm-hp∂ t`Z-KX - n-Iƒ hcp-Øp-
IqSmsX lmP-cm-Im-sX-bn-cp-∂m¬ Ah-cpsS AwKXzw
∂-Xn-te°v Atkm-kn-tb-j≥ amt\-PnwKv IΩ‰n \nb-an-
\in®p t]mIp-∂-Xm-Ip-∂p. ImcWw X°-XmbtXm F∂p
°p∂ Hcp dqƒ IΩ‰n D≠m-bn-cn-t°-≠X - m-Ip-∂p. Cu dqƒ
Xo¿®-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂X - n-\p≈ A[n-Imcw AXXp IΩ-‰n-°p-≈-
IΩ-‰n-bpsS {]kn-U≠v Hcp taev]-´-°m-c≥ Bbn-cn-°p-∂-
Xm-Ip-∂p.
Xm-Ip-∂p.
132. Cu LS-\b - nse \n_-‘\ - t- bmSp tN¿®-bn-√m-ØXpw B\p-
127. dqƒ IΩ‰n t`Z-KX
- n-Iƒ Atkm-kn-tb-j≥ amt\-PnwKv IΩ- Iq-e-an-√m-Ø-Xp-ambn k`-bnepw CS-h-I-I-fnepw D≠m-bn-cn-
‰n-bn¬ ka¿∏n-t°-≠Xpw Atkm-kn-tb-j≥ amt\-PnwKv °m-hp∂ F√m DS-ºS- n-Ifpw DtZym-Kß - fpw \S-∏p-Ifpw CXn-
IΩ‰n ]m m-°p∂ \n›-bß - ƒ Atkm-kn-tb-j\pw F∏n- \m¬ Zp¿∫-es - ∏-SpØn d±m-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂p.
kvtIm-∏¬ kn\Upw t`Z-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂X - p-hsc \S-∏n¬ Ccn-
133. Cu `c-WL - S- \- b
- n¬ CS-hI sa{Xm-t∏meoØm F∂ ]Zw
°p-∂Xpw BIp-∂p.
CS-hI `c-W-ap≈ GsXmcp taev]-´-°m-c-s\bpw Ipdn-°p-
∂-Xm-Ip-∂p.
13. ]e-hI
134. (\o°w sNbvXp)
128. hnizm-kw, ]´-Xzw, Unknπn≥ F∂n-Xp-Isf _m[n-°p∂ 135. k`-bvt°m, k`m ÿm\n-Iƒt°m, k`m HutZym-KnI `mc-
bmsXmcp \n›-bhpw ]m m-°p-∂-Xn\v CS-h-I-tbm-K-Øn- hm-ln-Iƒt°m FXn-cmbn \¬Ip∂ knhn¬ hyh-lm-cß - ƒ
t\m, CS-hI amt\-PnwKv IΩ-‰n-t°m, sa{Xm-k\ CS-hI ]. F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ kp∂-lt- Zmkv Hm^o-tkm, k`m tI{µ
tbmK-Øn-t\m, sa{Xm-k\ Iu¨kn-en-t\m, ae-¶c Atkm- Hm^otkm ÿnXn sNøp∂ ÿe-Øn-t∑¬ A[n-Im-ca - p≈
kn-tb-j-t\m, Atkm-kn-tb-j≥ amt\-PnwKv IΩ-‰nt°m tImS-Xn-I-fn¬ am{Xw ^b¬ sNtø-≠-Xm-Ip-∂p.
A[n-Im-ca - n-√m-ØX
- m-Ip-∂p.
129. Cu \nb-a-ß-fn¬ AS-ßnb XXz-Øn\v hntcm-[-a-√mØ
D] N´-ßsf (Byelaws) CS-hI - t- bm-Kw, sa{Xm-k\ CS-hI - -
tbm-Kw, sa{Xm-k\ Iu¨kn¬ F∂o ÿm]-\-߃
At∏m-g-t∏mƒ ]m m°n dqƒ IΩ‰n hgn amt\-PnwKv IΩ-
‰n-bn¬ sIm≠p-h∂v amt\-PnwKv IΩ-‰n-bpsS A\p-aX - n-tbm-
(1934 Unkw-_¿ 26-mw XobXn IqSnb ae-¶c kpdn-bm\n
Sp-IqSn \S-∏n¬ hcp-Øn-s°m-≈m-hp-∂X - m-Ip∂p
{InkvXym\n Atkm-kn-tb-j\ - nepw, ae-¶c F∏n-ktv Im-∏¬
130. Cu `c-W-L-S-\-bn¬ kan-Xntbm ÿm\tam F{X-Im-e- kp∂-l-tZm-knepw ]mkm°n A∂p-ap-X¬ \S-∏n-en-cn-°p-
tØ°v F∂p ¢n]vX-ap-s≠-¶nepw ASpØ kan-Xntbm ∂Xpw ]n∂oSv Bh-iy-amb t`Z-KX - n-Iƒ 1951-epw, 1967-epw,
ÿm\-tam \S-∏n¬ hcp-Øp-∂-Xp-hsc ap≥ kan-Xntbm 1997-epw, 2006-epw 2011-˛epw hcp-Øn-bn-´p-≈X - p-am-Ip-∂p.)

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