Beam design

Documentation in DMN & final project mixed used???????????????

Depth determination for beam

d≤ (0.4 + 0.6𝐹𝑌𝐾/400)𝐿𝑒/𝐵𝑎, where Le is effective length
 For overall depth calculation used value ;
 Concrete cover (cc)=25mm
 Reinforcement bar ∅16 mm
 Shear reinforcement bar ∅8mm

d≥ (0.4 + 0.6 ∗ 360/400)Le/Ba=0.94Le/Ba

 For end span ;
Effective length ,Le=5700mm,5500mm&5000mm
Ba=24
For 5700mm
d=0.94*5700/24=223.25mm
For5500mm
d=0.94*5500/24=21541
For 5000mm
d=0.94*5000/24=195.83mm
For interior span ,Le=5000mm,Ba=28
d=0.94*5000/28=167.85mm
floor plan beam all dimension of length for end span is less in length from the other .then the effective
depth is also less that no need of calculating .use the maximum depth required for servicibility limit
state i.e d=223.25mm using concrete cover and bar .

over all depth ,D=223.25mm+25+16/2+8=264.25mm

provide over all depth,D=300mm,then effective depth ,
d eff=D-cc-∅ 2 − ∅
=300-25-16/2-8=259mm
For beams with the moment <80mm use ∅16𝑚𝑚 𝑏𝑎𝑟reinforcement .then the effective depth will be;

d=D-cc-∅/2 − ∅
=300-25-16/2-16=251mm
For beams with design moment greater than 80KNM use∅20𝑚𝑚 reinforcement bars .then the
effective depth will be

d=D-cc-∅/2 − ∅
=300-25-20/2-20=245mm>given beam depth
For depth d

d=≥ √𝑚𝑑/0.32*Fcd.b
then consider axis 07Xfrom SAP out put for envelope , we found the span and support moment
axis 07X ground floor beam

d=245mm,Fcd=11.3N/MM2

Span Supp Span02Y- Span Span Sup 04Y Span(04- Sup 05Y Span Sup 06Y
02Y 03Y 03Y 03Y- 05)Y 05Y-
04Y 08Y
333.03 462.33 396.3 483.11 400.33 485.38 400.38 486.28 353.03 -472.31

Check the depth by the maximum moment ,support 05Y

d=≥ √MD/0.32*Fcd.b=
=√486.28*106/0.32*11.33*300
=668.84mm……not safe to increase cross section of beam that not resist the maximum moment .then
cross section of beam will;
b*w=0.55*0.65
D=500mm

d=D-cc-∅/2 − ∅
=650-25-20/2-20=595mm
d≥ √486.28*106/0.32*11.33*550=493mm<595mm…..hence ok ,safe to carry the maximum moment .

flexural moment
Mu=0.32Fcdbd2
=0.32*11.33*550*5952mm

=705.95KNM>486.28KNM……………OK .
Steel ratio
𝜌 = (1 − √1 − 2𝑀𝑢/bd2)Fcd/Fyd

=(1-√2*486.28*106/550*5952*11.33)11.33/313.043
=0.0134
𝜌min=06/Fyk=0.6/360=0.0017<𝜌,then use 𝜌=0.0134

Area of steel ,AS

AS=𝜌bd=0.0134*550*595mm=4411.24mm2
Provide ∅20𝑚𝑚2 𝑏𝑎𝑟

𝑎𝑠 = 𝜋𝑑2 /4=3.14*202/4=314mm2
No of bar =As/as=4411.24/314=14
There fore provide14∅20mmbar

 For moment7353.03KNM on span of o5Y-06Y

d≥ √md/0.32*Fcd.b=√353.03*106/0.32*11.33*300=569.71mm…………..not ok ,the depth greater than
the provided depth .then increase cross section of beam .
bw=(400*550)mm
D=5500mm
d=D-cc-∅/2 − ∅
=550-25-20/2-20
=495mm
𝑑 ≥ √353.03*106/0.32*11.33*400
=493.38mm<495mm………….ok safe to carry design moment

 Flexural moment
Md=0.32Fcdbd2
=0.32*11.33*400*4952=355.34KNM
Mu=355.34KNM>353.03KNM……….OK .
2∗353.03∗10
𝜌=(1-√1-400∗4952 ∗11.33)11.33/313.043=0.0143
0.6 0.6
𝜌𝑚𝑖𝑛 = = = 0.0017 < 𝜌, 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑢𝑠𝑒 𝜌 = 0.0143
𝐴𝑆 = 𝜌𝑏𝑑 = 0.0143 ∗ 400𝐹𝑦𝑘 360
∗ 495 = 2841.66mm2
𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒 ∅20𝑚𝑚 𝑏𝑎𝑟
𝑎𝑠 = 𝜋𝑑2 = 𝜋 ∗ 𝜋*202/4=314mm2
No of bar =AS=/as=2841.66/314=9.04≈10
Provide 10∅20𝑚𝑚𝑏𝑎𝑟
 For span (01-02)Y,Md=333.03KNM

d≥ √333.03*106/0.32*11.33*300=553.33mm>245mm………..not ok .then to increase cross section of

beam ,bw=(0.4*0.55)
D=550mm,provide 20mm bar
 d=D-cc-∅/2 − ∅ =550-25-20/2-20=495.2mm
𝑑 ≥ √333.03 ∗ 106/0.32*11.33*400=479.2mm<495mm…………..ok .

 Flexural moment
Mu=0.32bd2Fcd
=0.32*400*4952*11.33
=355.34KNM>333.03KNM………….OK
 Steel ratio (𝜌)
𝜌 = 1 − √1 − 2 *333.03/400*4952*11.33)11.33/313.045
=0.0132
𝜌 = 0.0132 > 𝜌𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 0.0017, 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑢𝑠𝑒 𝜌 = 0.0132
𝐴𝑆 = 𝜌𝑏𝑑 = 0.0132 ∗ 400 ∗ 495 = 2632.82𝑚𝑚2
𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒 ∅20𝑚𝑚 𝑏𝑎𝑟

𝑎𝑠 = 𝜋 d2
=3.14*202/4=314mm2
No of bar =AS/as=2632.82/314=8.38≈ 9
𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒 9∅20𝑚𝑚
 For span support 02Y
Md=462.33KNM,then check the depth
d≥ √ 462.33*106/0.32*11.33*300=651.96mm>245mm…………………not ok .then to increase cross
section of beam ,
bw=bD=0.5*0.6=
d=D-cc−∅ /2 − ∅

=600-25-20/2-10
=545……………..ok
Check the depth

d≥ √ 462.33*106/0.32*11.33*500
=505mm<545……………ok
The flexural moment

Mu=0.32*b*Fcd.d2
=0.32*500*5452*11.33*103=538.44KNM
Mu=538.44>462.33KNM………….OK .THE DEPTH CAN CARRY THE DESIGN MOMENT
Steel ratio
𝜌 = (1 − (√1 − 2*462.33*106/500*5452*11.33)11.33/313.043

=0.0119
𝜌 = 0.0119 > 𝜌𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 0.0017, 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑢𝑠𝑒 𝜌 == 0.0119
Area of steel ,AS

𝜌𝑏𝑑 = 0.0119 ∗ 500 ∗ 545 = 3243.09𝑚𝑚2 = 10.32 ≈ 11

Provide 11∅20𝑚𝑚𝑏𝑎𝑟
 For span (02-03)Y OF axis X dxn
Md=396.3KNM

d≥ √ 396.3*106/0.32*11.33*300=603.61mm>245mm, not ok. Then to increase cross section of beam

bD=(0.4*0.6)
D=0.6m=600mm
d=D-cc-∅/2 − ∅
600-25-20/2-20=545mm

𝑑 ≥ √396.3 ∗ 106 /0.32*11.33*400=522.74mm<545mm…….ok.the depth is safe to resist moment .

 Steel ratio
𝜌 = 1 − (√1 −2*396.3*106/400*5452*11.33)11.33/313.043
=0.0129

𝜌 = 0.0129 > 𝜌𝑚𝑖𝑛, 𝑢𝑠𝑒 𝜌 = 00129

 Area of steel AS,
AS=𝜌𝑏𝑑 = 0.0129 ∗ 400 ∗ 545𝑚𝑚 = 2830.6𝑚𝑚2

Provide 20mmbar ,as=3.14*d2/4=314mm2

 No of bar AS/as=2830.6/314=9.01≈10
Provide 10∅20𝑚𝑚 𝑏𝑎𝑟

 For support 03Y,Md=483.11KNM

𝑑 ≥ √ 483.11*106/0.32*11.33*300=666.45MM>245MM……not safe to carry the moment ,to increase
section of beam
bD=(0.5*06)m

D=600mm
20
d=D-cc-∅/2 − ∅ = 600 − 25 − 2
− 20 = 545𝑚𝑚
𝑑 ≥ √ 483.11*106/0.32*11.33*500=516.23mm<545mm…….ok .
 Flexural moment
Mu=0.32*500*11.33(545mm)2=538.44KNM
Mu=538.44>483.11KNM………….OK.
 Steel ratio

𝜌 = 1 − √1 − 2*483.11*106/500*5452*11.33)=0.0125
 Area of steel AS
2
AS=𝜌𝑏𝑑 = 0.0125 ∗ 500 ∗ 4 ∗ 545 = 3418.15𝑚𝑚2

Provide 20mmbar , as=314mm2

 No of bar =3418.15/314=10.88≈11
Provide 11∅20𝑚𝑚 𝑏𝑎𝑟
 For span (03Y-04Y)&(04Y-05Y) Md=400.33KNM
 Check the depth
d≥ √ 400.33*106/0.32*11.33*300=606.67mm>25mm,….not ok. Then ,to increase the cross section of
the beam ;
Bd=(0.4*0.5)m
D=0.5m=500mm
d=545mm, then check the depth ,
d≥ √ 400.33*106/0.32*11.33*400=525.39mm<545mm…………..ok .
 Flexural moment ,Mu
Mu=0.32Fcdbd2=0.32*11.33*400*5452

Mu=430.75KNM>400.33……….OK . THE depth can carry moment md.

 Steel ratio
𝜌 = (1 − √1 − 2*400.33*106/400*11.33*5452)*11.33/313.043=0.013>𝜌𝑚𝑖𝑛

 Area of steel,AS
AS=𝜌𝑏𝑑 = 0.013 ∗ 400 ∗ 545 = 2867.58𝑚𝑚2
as=3.14mm2

 No of bar =AS/as=2867.58/314=9.13≈10
Provide 10∅20𝑚𝑚 𝑏𝑎𝑟
 For support 04Y
Md=485.38KNM,
 Check depth
d≥ √ 485.38*106/0.32*11.33*300=668.02mm>245mm………not safe .then to increase cross section of
beam
bD=(0.5*0.6)m
D=600mm ,d=545mm ,then check the depth .

d≥ √ 485.38*106/0.32*11.33*500=517.44mm<545mm…….ok.
 Flexural moment ,Mu=
Mu =0.32Fcd*bd2

=0.32*11.33*500*5452
=538.44KNM>485.38KNM……………….OK THE depth can carry the design moment.
 Steel ratio

𝜌 = (1 − √1 −2*485.38*106/500*5452*11.33)11.33/313.043
=0.0126>𝜌𝑚𝑖𝑛
 AS=𝜌𝑏𝑑 = 0.0126 ∗ 500 ∗ 545 = 3447.55 mm2
 as=314
 No of bar =AS/as=3447.55/314=10.97≈11
Provide 11∅20𝑚𝑚 𝑏𝑎𝑟
 For support 06Y
Md=472.31KNM
 Check the depth
d≥ √ 472.31*106/0.32*11.33*300=658.96>245mm…………..not ok . then to increase cross section of
beam
bD=(0.5*0.6)M,
D=600mm ,d=545mm,then

d≥ √ 472.31*106/0.32*11.33*500=510.43mm<545mm……….ok.
 Flexural moment ,Mu
Mu=0.32*Fcdbd2

=0.32*11.33*500*5452
=538.44KNM>472.31KNM………OK
 Steel ratio

𝜌 = (1 − √1 − 2*472.31*106/500*5452*11.33)11.33/313.043
=00122>𝜌𝑚𝑖𝑛
 AS=𝜌𝑏𝑑 = 0.0122 ∗ 500 ∗ 545 = 3330.83𝑚𝑚2
 No of bar =AS/as=3330.83/314=10.6≈11
 Provide 11∅20𝑚𝑚
 𝜌

d
.